There are two reasons for doing this:

- On SSD disks, the completion times aren't as random as they
  are for rotational drives. So it's questionable whether they
  should contribute to the random pool in the first place.

- Calling add_disk_randomness() has a lot of overhead.

This adds /sys/block/<dev>/queue/add_random that will allow you to
switch off on a per-device basis. The default setting is on, so there
should be no functional changes from this patch.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

In submit_bio, we count vm events by check READ/WRITE.
But actually DISCARD_NOBARRIER also has the WRITE flag set.
It looks as if in blkdev_issue_discard, we also add a
page as the payload and the bio_has_data check isn't enough.
So add another check for discard bio.
Signed-off-by: NTao Ma <tao.ma@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

Filesystems assume that DISCARD_BARRIER are full barriers, so that they
don't have to track in-progress discard operation when submitting new I/O.
But currently we only treat them as elevator barriers, which don't
actually do the nessecary queue drains.

Also remove the unlikely around both the DISCARD and BARRIER requests -
the happen far too often for a static mispredict.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

blk_init_allocated_queue_node may fail and the caller _could_ retry.
Accommodate the unlikely event that blk_init_allocated_queue_node is
called on an already initialized (possibly partially) request_queue.
Signed-off-by: NMike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

On blk_init_allocated_queue_node failure, only free the request_queue if
it is wasn't previously allocated outside the block layer
(e.g. blk_init_queue_node was blk_init_allocated_queue_node caller).

This addresses an interface bug introduced by the following commit:
01effb0d block: allow initialization of previously allocated
request_queue

Otherwise the request_queue may be free'd out from underneath a caller
that is managing the request_queue directly (e.g. caller uses
blk_alloc_queue + blk_init_allocated_queue_node).
Signed-off-by: NMike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

blk_init_queue() allocates the request_queue structure and then
initializes it as needed (request_fn, elevator, etc).

Split initialization out to blk_init_allocated_queue_node.
Introduce blk_init_allocated_queue wrapper function to model existing
blk_init_queue and blk_init_queue_node interfaces.

Export elv_register_queue to allow a newly added elevator to be
registered with sysfs.  Export elv_unregister_queue for symmetry.

These changes allow DM to initialize a device's request_queue with more
precision.  In particular, DM no longer unconditionally initializes a
full request_queue (elevator et al).  It only does so for a
request-based DM device.
Signed-off-by: NMike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

This includes both the number of bios merged into requests belonging to this
cgroup as well as the number of requests merged together.
In the past, we've observed different merging behavior across upstream kernels,
some by design some actual bugs. This stat helps a lot in debugging such
problems when applications report decreased throughput with a new kernel
version.

This needed adding an extra elevator function to capture bios being merged as I
did not want to pollute elevator code with blkiocg knowledge and hence needed
the accounting invocation to come from CFQ.

Signed-off-by: Divyesh Shah<dpshah@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

One of the features of laptop-mode is that it forces a writeout of dirty
pages if something else triggers a physical read or write from a device.
The current implementation flushes pages on all devices, rather than only
the one that triggered the flush. This patch alters the behaviour so that
only the recently accessed block device is flushed, preventing other
disks being spun up for no terribly good reason.
Signed-off-by: NMatthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

We also add start_time_ns and io_start_time_ns fields to struct request
here to record the time when a request is created and when it is
dispatched to device. We use ns uints here as ms and jiffies are
not very useful for non-rotational media.

Signed-off-by: Divyesh Shah<dpshah@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Except for SCSI no device drivers distinguish between physical and
hardware segment limits.  Consolidate the two into a single segment
limit.
Signed-off-by: NMartin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Now that the bio list management stuff is generic, convert
generic_make_request to use bio lists instead of its own private bio
list implementation.
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

This reverts commit fb1e7538.

"Benjamin S." <sbenni@gmx.de> reports that the patch in question
causes a big drop in sequential throughput for him, dropping from
200MB/sec down to only 70MB/sec.

Needs to be investigated more fully, for now lets just revert the
offending commit.

Conflicts:

	include/linux/blkdev.h
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Mtdblock driver doesn't call flush_dcache_page for pages in request.  So,
this causes problems on architectures where the icache doesn't fill from
the dcache or with dcache aliases.  The patch fixes this.

The ARCH_IMPLEMENTS_FLUSH_DCACHE_PAGE symbol was introduced to avoid
pointless empty cache-thrashing loops on architectures for which
flush_dcache_page() is a no-op.  Every architecture was provided with this
flush pages on architectires where ARCH_IMPLEMENTS_FLUSH_DCACHE_PAGE is
equal 1 or do nothing otherwise.

See "fix mtd_blkdevs problem with caches on some architectures" discussion
on LKML for more information.
Signed-off-by: NIlya Loginov <isloginov@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Peter Horton <phorton@bitbox.co.uk>
Cc: "Ed L. Cashin" <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

With 2.6.32-rc5 in a KVM guest using dm and virtio_blk, we see the
following errors:

  end_request: I/O error, dev vda, sector 0
  end_request: I/O error, dev vda, sector 0

The errors go away if dm stops submitting empty barriers, by reverting:

  commit 52b1fd5a
  Author: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
    dm: send empty barriers to targets in dm_flush

We should silently error all barriers, even empty barriers, on devices
like virtio_blk which don't support them.

See also:

  https://bugzilla.redhat.com/514901Signed-off-by: NMark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NMike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NAlasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Commit a9327cac added seperate read
and write statistics of in_flight requests. And exported the number
of read and write requests in progress seperately through sysfs.

But  Corrado Zoccolo <czoccolo@gmail.com> reported getting strange
output from "iostat -kx 2". Global values for service time and
utilization were garbage. For interval values, utilization was always
100%, and service time is higher than normal.

So this was reverted by commit 0f78ab98

The problem was in part_round_stats_single(), I missed the following:
        if (now == part->stamp)
                return;

-       if (part->in_flight) {
+       if (part_in_flight(part)) {
                __part_stat_add(cpu, part, time_in_queue,
                                part_in_flight(part) * (now - part->stamp));
                __part_stat_add(cpu, part, io_ticks, (now - part->stamp));

With this chunk included, the reported regression gets fixed.
Signed-off-by: NNikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>

--
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

It was briefly introduced to allow CFQ to to delayed scheduling,
but we ended up removing that feature again. So lets kill the
function and export, and just switch CFQ back to the normal work
schedule since it is now passing in a '0' delay from all call
sites.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

This reverts commit a9327cac.

Corrado Zoccolo <czoccolo@gmail.com> reports:

"with 2.6.32-rc1 I started getting the following strange output from
"iostat -kx 2":
Linux 2.6.31bisect (et2) 	04/10/2009 	_i686_	(2 CPU)

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
          10,70    0,00    3,16   15,75    0,00   70,38

Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s
avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await  svctm  %util
sda              18,22     0,00    0,67    0,01    14,77     0,02
43,94     0,01   10,53 39043915,03 2629219,87
sdb              60,89     9,68   50,79    3,04  1724,43    50,52
65,95     0,70   13,06 488437,47 2629219,87

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
           2,72    0,00    0,74    0,00    0,00   96,53

Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s
avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await  svctm  %util
sda               0,00     0,00    0,00    0,00     0,00     0,00
0,00     0,00    0,00   0,00 100,00
sdb               0,00     0,00    0,00    0,00     0,00     0,00
0,00     0,00    0,00   0,00 100,00

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
           6,68    0,00    0,99    0,00    0,00   92,33

Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s
avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await  svctm  %util
sda               0,00     0,00    0,00    0,00     0,00     0,00
0,00     0,00    0,00   0,00 100,00
sdb               0,00     0,00    0,00    0,00     0,00     0,00
0,00     0,00    0,00   0,00 100,00

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
           4,40    0,00    0,73    1,47    0,00   93,40

Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s
avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await  svctm  %util
sda               0,00     0,00    0,00    0,00     0,00     0,00
0,00     0,00    0,00   0,00 100,00
sdb               0,00     4,00    0,00    3,00     0,00    28,00
18,67     0,06   19,50 333,33 100,00

Global values for service time and utilization are garbage. For
interval values, utilization is always 100%, and service time is
higher than normal.

I bisected it down to:
[a9327cac] Seperate read and write
statistics of in_flight requests
and verified that reverting just that commit indeed solves the issue
on 2.6.32-rc1."

So until this is debugged, revert the bad commit.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

This slowly ramps up the async queue depth based on the time
passed since the sync IO, and doesn't allow async at all until
a sync slice period has passed.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Since 2.6.31 now has request-based device-mapper, it's useful to have
a tracepoint for request-remapping as well as bio-remapping.
This patch adds a tracepoint for request-remapping, trace_block_rq_remap().
Signed-off-by: NKiyoshi Ueda <k-ueda@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: NJun'ichi Nomura <j-nomura@ce.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Currently we set the bio size to the byte equivalent of the blocks to
be trimmed when submitting the initial DISCARD ioctl.  That means it
is subject to the max_hw_sectors limitation of the HBA which is
much lower than the size of a DISCARD request we can support.
Add a separate max_discard_sectors tunable to limit the size for discard
requests.

We limit the max discard request size in bytes to 32bit as that is the
limit for bio->bi_size.  This could be much larger if we had a way to pass
that information through the block layer.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

prepare_discard_fn() was being called in a place where memory allocation
was effectively impossible.  This makes it inappropriate for all but
the most trivial translations of Linux's DISCARD operation to the block
command set.  Additionally adding a payload there makes the ownership
of the bio backing unclear as it's now allocated by the device driver
and not the submitter as usual.

It is replaced with QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD which is used to indicate whether
the queue supports discard operations or not.  blkdev_issue_discard now
allocates a one-page, sector-length payload which is the right thing
for the common ATA and SCSI implementations.

The mtd implementation of prepare_discard_fn() is replaced with simply
checking for the request being a discard.

Largely based on a previous patch from Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
which did the prepare_discard_fn but not the different payload allocation
yet.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Since 2.6.31 now has request-based device-mapper, it's useful to have
a tracepoint for request-remapping as well as bio-remapping.
This patch adds a tracepoint for request-remapping, trace_block_rq_remap().
Signed-off-by: NKiyoshi Ueda <k-ueda@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: NJun'ichi Nomura <j-nomura@ce.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Currently we set the bio size to the byte equivalent of the blocks to
be trimmed when submitting the initial DISCARD ioctl.  That means it
is subject to the max_hw_sectors limitation of the HBA which is
much lower than the size of a DISCARD request we can support.
Add a separate max_discard_sectors tunable to limit the size for discard
requests.

We limit the max discard request size in bytes to 32bit as that is the
limit for bio->bi_size.  This could be much larger if we had a way to pass
that information through the block layer.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

prepare_discard_fn() was being called in a place where memory allocation
was effectively impossible.  This makes it inappropriate for all but
the most trivial translations of Linux's DISCARD operation to the block
command set.  Additionally adding a payload there makes the ownership
of the bio backing unclear as it's now allocated by the device driver
and not the submitter as usual.

It is replaced with QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD which is used to indicate whether
the queue supports discard operations or not.  blkdev_issue_discard now
allocates a one-page, sector-length payload which is the right thing
for the common ATA and SCSI implementations.

The mtd implementation of prepare_discard_fn() is replaced with simply
checking for the request being a discard.

Largely based on a previous patch from Matthew Wilcox <matthew@wil.cx>
which did the prepare_discard_fn but not the different payload allocation
yet.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>

Currently, there is a single in_flight counter measuring the number of
requests in the request_queue. But some monitoring tools would like to
know how many read requests and write requests are in progress. Split the
current in_flight counter into two seperate counters for read and write.

This information is exported as a sysfs attribute, as changing the
currently available stat files would break the existing tools.
Signed-off-by: NNikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

If BIO is discarded or cross over end of device,
BIO queueing trial doesn't occur.

Actually the trace was called just before make_request at first:
[PATCH] Block queue IO tracing support (blktrace) as of 2006-03-23
      2056a782

And then 2 patches added some checks between them:
[PATCH] md: check bio address after mapping through partitions
        5ddfe969,
[BLOCK] Don't allow empty barriers to be passed down to
queues that don't grok them
        51fd77bd

It breaks original goal.
Let's trace it only when it happens.
Signed-off-by: NMinchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NWu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Instead of just checking whether this device uses block layer
tagging, we can improve the detection by looking at the maximum
queue depth it has reached. If that crosses 4, then deem it a
queuing device.

This is important on high IOPS devices, since plugging hurts
the performance there (it can be as much as 10-15% of the sys
time).
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Get rid of any functions that test for these bits and make callers
use bio_rw_flagged() directly. Then it is at least directly apparent
what variable and flag they check.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Failfast has characteristics from other attributes.  When issuing,
executing and successuflly completing requests, failfast doesn't make
any difference.  It only affects how a request is handled on failure.
Allowing requests with different failfast settings to be merged cause
normal IOs to fail prematurely while not allowing has performance
penalties as failfast is used for read aheads which are likely to be
located near in-flight or to-be-issued normal IOs.

This patch introduces the concept of 'mixed merge'.  A request is a
mixed merge if it is merge of segments which require different
handling on failure.  Currently the only mixable attributes are
failfast ones (or lack thereof).

When a bio with different failfast settings is added to an existing
request or requests of different failfast settings are merged, the
merged request is marked mixed.  Each bio carries failfast settings
and the request always tracks failfast state of the first bio.  When
the request fails, blk_rq_err_bytes() can be used to determine how
many bytes can be safely failed without crossing into an area which
requires further retrials.

This allows request merging regardless of failfast settings while
keeping the failure handling correct.

This patch only implements mixed merge but doesn't enable it.  The
next one will update SCSI to make use of mixed merge.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Niel Lambrechts <niel.lambrechts@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

bio and request use the same set of failfast bits.  This patch makes
the following changes to simplify things.

* enumify BIO_RW* bits and reorder bits such that BIOS_RW_FAILFAST_*
  bits coincide with __REQ_FAILFAST_* bits.

* The above pushes BIO_RW_AHEAD out of sync with __REQ_FAILFAST_DEV
  but the matching is useless anyway.  init_request_from_bio() is
  responsible for setting FAILFAST bits on FS requests and non-FS
  requests never use BIO_RW_AHEAD.  Drop the code and comment from
  blk_rq_bio_prep().

* Define REQ_FAILFAST_MASK which is OR of all FAILFAST bits and
  simplify FAILFAST flags handling in init_request_from_bio().
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

This enables us to track who does what and print info. Its main use
is catching dirty inodes on the default_backing_dev_info, so we can
fix that up.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Prior to the change for more sane end_io functions, we exported
the helpers with the normal EXPORT_SYMBOL(). That got changed
to _GPL() for the new interface. Revert that particular change,
on the basis that this is basic functionality and doesn't dip
into internal structures. If these exports can't be non-GPL,
then we may as well make EXPORT_SYMBOL() imply GPL for
everything.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Move the assignment of a default lock below blk_init_queue() to
blk_queue_make_request(), so we also get to set the default lock
for ->make_request_fn() based drivers. This is important since the
queue flag locking requires a lock to be in place.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

The next_ordered flag is only meaningful for devices that use __make_request.
So move the test against next_ordered out of generic code and in to
__make_request

Since this test was added, barriers have not worked on md or any
devices that don't use __make_request and so don't bother to set
next_ordered.  (dm explicitly sets something other than
QUEUE_ORDERED_NONE since
  commit 99360b4c
but notes in the comments that it is otherwise meaningless).

Cc: Ken Milmore <ken.milmore@googlemail.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

The initial patches to support this through sysfs export were broken
and have been if 0'ed out in any release. So lets just kill the code
and reclaim some space in struct request_queue, if anyone would later
like to fixup the sysfs bits, the git history can easily restore
the removed bits.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

This patch restores stacking ability to the block layer integrity
infrastructure by creating a set of dedicated bip slabs.  Each bip slab
has an embedded bio_vec array at the end.  This cuts down on memory
allocations and also simplifies the code compared to the original bvec
version.  Only the largest bip slab is backed by a mempool.  The pool is
contained in the bio_set so stacking drivers can ensure forward
progress.
Signed-off-by: NMartin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@carl.(none)>

When porting blktrace to tracepoints, we changed to trace/block.h
for trace prober declarations.
Signed-off-by: NLi Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Move the defaults to where we do the init of the backing_dev_info.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Fix kernel-doc warnings in recently changed block/ source code.
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch adds the following 2 interfaces for request-stacking drivers:

  - blk_rq_prep_clone(struct request *clone, struct request *orig,
		      struct bio_set *bs, gfp_t gfp_mask,
		      int (*bio_ctr)(struct bio *, struct bio*, void *),
		      void *data)
      * Clones bios in the original request to the clone request
        (bio_ctr is called for each cloned bios.)
      * Copies attributes of the original request to the clone request.
        The actual data parts (e.g. ->cmd, ->buffer, ->sense) are not
        copied.

  - blk_rq_unprep_clone(struct request *clone)
      * Frees cloned bios from the clone request.

Request stacking drivers (e.g. request-based dm) need to make a clone
request for a submitted request and dispatch it to other devices.

To allocate request for the clone, request stacking drivers may not
be able to use blk_get_request() because the allocation may be done
in an irq-disabled context.
So blk_rq_prep_clone() takes a request allocated by the caller
as an argument.

For each clone bio in the clone request, request stacking drivers
should be able to set up their own completion handler.
So blk_rq_prep_clone() takes a callback function which is called
for each clone bio, and a pointer for private data which is passed
to the callback.

NOTE:
blk_rq_prep_clone() doesn't copy any actual data of the original
request.  Pages are shared between original bios and cloned bios.
So caller must not complete the original request before the clone
request.
Signed-off-by: NKiyoshi Ueda <k-ueda@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: NJun'ichi Nomura <j-nomura@ce.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>