1. 01 4月, 2009 1 次提交
    • A
      Take fs_struct handling to new file (fs/fs_struct.c) · 3e93cd67
      Al Viro 提交于
      Pure code move; two new helper functions for nfsd and daemonize
      (unshare_fs_struct() and daemonize_fs_struct() resp.; for now -
      the same code as used to be in callers).  unshare_fs_struct()
      exported (for nfsd, as copy_fs_struct()/exit_fs() used to be),
      copy_fs_struct() and exit_fs() don't need exports anymore.
      Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
      3e93cd67
  2. 05 2月, 2009 1 次提交
    • P
      signal: re-add dead task accumulation stats. · 32bd671d
      Peter Zijlstra 提交于
      We're going to split the process wide cpu accounting into two parts:
      
       - clocks; which can take all the time they want since they run
                 from user context.
      
       - timers; which need constant time tracing but can affort the overhead
                 because they're default off -- and rare.
      
      The clock readout will go back to a full sum of the thread group, for this
      we need to re-add the exit stats that were removed in the initial itimer
      rework (f06febc9: timers: fix itimer/many thread hang).
      
      Furthermore, since that full sum can be rather slow for large thread groups
      and we have the complete dead task stats, revert the do_notify_parent time
      computation.
      Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
      Reviewed-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      32bd671d
  3. 14 1月, 2009 3 次提交
  4. 07 1月, 2009 2 次提交
  5. 29 12月, 2008 1 次提交
  6. 24 11月, 2008 1 次提交
  7. 23 11月, 2008 2 次提交
  8. 17 11月, 2008 1 次提交
  9. 16 11月, 2008 2 次提交
    • M
      tracepoints: add DECLARE_TRACE() and DEFINE_TRACE() · 7e066fb8
      Mathieu Desnoyers 提交于
      Impact: API *CHANGE*. Must update all tracepoint users.
      
      Add DEFINE_TRACE() to tracepoints to let them declare the tracepoint
      structure in a single spot for all the kernel. It helps reducing memory
      consumption, especially when declaring a lot of tracepoints, e.g. for
      kmalloc tracing.
      
      *API CHANGE WARNING*: now, DECLARE_TRACE() must be used in headers for
      tracepoint declarations rather than DEFINE_TRACE(). This is the sane way
      to do it. The name previously used was misleading.
      
      Updates scheduler instrumentation to follow this API change.
      Signed-off-by: NMathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
      Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      7e066fb8
    • L
      Move "exit_robust_list" into mm_release() · 8141c7f3
      Linus Torvalds 提交于
      We don't want to get rid of the futexes just at exit() time, we want to
      drop them when doing an execve() too, since that gets rid of the
      previous VM image too.
      
      Doing it at mm_release() time means that we automatically always do it
      when we disassociate a VM map from the task.
      
      Reported-by: pageexec@freemail.hu
      Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
      Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
      Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
      Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net>
      Cc: Alex Efros <powerman@powerman.name>
      Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
      Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      8141c7f3
  10. 14 11月, 2008 3 次提交
    • D
      CRED: Inaugurate COW credentials · d84f4f99
      David Howells 提交于
      Inaugurate copy-on-write credentials management.  This uses RCU to manage the
      credentials pointer in the task_struct with respect to accesses by other tasks.
      A process may only modify its own credentials, and so does not need locking to
      access or modify its own credentials.
      
      A mutex (cred_replace_mutex) is added to the task_struct to control the effect
      of PTRACE_ATTACHED on credential calculations, particularly with respect to
      execve().
      
      With this patch, the contents of an active credentials struct may not be
      changed directly; rather a new set of credentials must be prepared, modified
      and committed using something like the following sequence of events:
      
      	struct cred *new = prepare_creds();
      	int ret = blah(new);
      	if (ret < 0) {
      		abort_creds(new);
      		return ret;
      	}
      	return commit_creds(new);
      
      There are some exceptions to this rule: the keyrings pointed to by the active
      credentials may be instantiated - keyrings violate the COW rule as managing
      COW keyrings is tricky, given that it is possible for a task to directly alter
      the keys in a keyring in use by another task.
      
      To help enforce this, various pointers to sets of credentials, such as those in
      the task_struct, are declared const.  The purpose of this is compile-time
      discouragement of altering credentials through those pointers.  Once a set of
      credentials has been made public through one of these pointers, it may not be
      modified, except under special circumstances:
      
        (1) Its reference count may incremented and decremented.
      
        (2) The keyrings to which it points may be modified, but not replaced.
      
      The only safe way to modify anything else is to create a replacement and commit
      using the functions described in Documentation/credentials.txt (which will be
      added by a later patch).
      
      This patch and the preceding patches have been tested with the LTP SELinux
      testsuite.
      
      This patch makes several logical sets of alteration:
      
       (1) execve().
      
           This now prepares and commits credentials in various places in the
           security code rather than altering the current creds directly.
      
       (2) Temporary credential overrides.
      
           do_coredump() and sys_faccessat() now prepare their own credentials and
           temporarily override the ones currently on the acting thread, whilst
           preventing interference from other threads by holding cred_replace_mutex
           on the thread being dumped.
      
           This will be replaced in a future patch by something that hands down the
           credentials directly to the functions being called, rather than altering
           the task's objective credentials.
      
       (3) LSM interface.
      
           A number of functions have been changed, added or removed:
      
           (*) security_capset_check(), ->capset_check()
           (*) security_capset_set(), ->capset_set()
      
           	 Removed in favour of security_capset().
      
           (*) security_capset(), ->capset()
      
           	 New.  This is passed a pointer to the new creds, a pointer to the old
           	 creds and the proposed capability sets.  It should fill in the new
           	 creds or return an error.  All pointers, barring the pointer to the
           	 new creds, are now const.
      
           (*) security_bprm_apply_creds(), ->bprm_apply_creds()
      
           	 Changed; now returns a value, which will cause the process to be
           	 killed if it's an error.
      
           (*) security_task_alloc(), ->task_alloc_security()
      
           	 Removed in favour of security_prepare_creds().
      
           (*) security_cred_free(), ->cred_free()
      
           	 New.  Free security data attached to cred->security.
      
           (*) security_prepare_creds(), ->cred_prepare()
      
           	 New. Duplicate any security data attached to cred->security.
      
           (*) security_commit_creds(), ->cred_commit()
      
           	 New. Apply any security effects for the upcoming installation of new
           	 security by commit_creds().
      
           (*) security_task_post_setuid(), ->task_post_setuid()
      
           	 Removed in favour of security_task_fix_setuid().
      
           (*) security_task_fix_setuid(), ->task_fix_setuid()
      
           	 Fix up the proposed new credentials for setuid().  This is used by
           	 cap_set_fix_setuid() to implicitly adjust capabilities in line with
           	 setuid() changes.  Changes are made to the new credentials, rather
           	 than the task itself as in security_task_post_setuid().
      
           (*) security_task_reparent_to_init(), ->task_reparent_to_init()
      
           	 Removed.  Instead the task being reparented to init is referred
           	 directly to init's credentials.
      
      	 NOTE!  This results in the loss of some state: SELinux's osid no
      	 longer records the sid of the thread that forked it.
      
           (*) security_key_alloc(), ->key_alloc()
           (*) security_key_permission(), ->key_permission()
      
           	 Changed.  These now take cred pointers rather than task pointers to
           	 refer to the security context.
      
       (4) sys_capset().
      
           This has been simplified and uses less locking.  The LSM functions it
           calls have been merged.
      
       (5) reparent_to_kthreadd().
      
           This gives the current thread the same credentials as init by simply using
           commit_thread() to point that way.
      
       (6) __sigqueue_alloc() and switch_uid()
      
           __sigqueue_alloc() can't stop the target task from changing its creds
           beneath it, so this function gets a reference to the currently applicable
           user_struct which it then passes into the sigqueue struct it returns if
           successful.
      
           switch_uid() is now called from commit_creds(), and possibly should be
           folded into that.  commit_creds() should take care of protecting
           __sigqueue_alloc().
      
       (7) [sg]et[ug]id() and co and [sg]et_current_groups.
      
           The set functions now all use prepare_creds(), commit_creds() and
           abort_creds() to build and check a new set of credentials before applying
           it.
      
           security_task_set[ug]id() is called inside the prepared section.  This
           guarantees that nothing else will affect the creds until we've finished.
      
           The calling of set_dumpable() has been moved into commit_creds().
      
           Much of the functionality of set_user() has been moved into
           commit_creds().
      
           The get functions all simply access the data directly.
      
       (8) security_task_prctl() and cap_task_prctl().
      
           security_task_prctl() has been modified to return -ENOSYS if it doesn't
           want to handle a function, or otherwise return the return value directly
           rather than through an argument.
      
           Additionally, cap_task_prctl() now prepares a new set of credentials, even
           if it doesn't end up using it.
      
       (9) Keyrings.
      
           A number of changes have been made to the keyrings code:
      
           (a) switch_uid_keyring(), copy_keys(), exit_keys() and suid_keys() have
           	 all been dropped and built in to the credentials functions directly.
           	 They may want separating out again later.
      
           (b) key_alloc() and search_process_keyrings() now take a cred pointer
           	 rather than a task pointer to specify the security context.
      
           (c) copy_creds() gives a new thread within the same thread group a new
           	 thread keyring if its parent had one, otherwise it discards the thread
           	 keyring.
      
           (d) The authorisation key now points directly to the credentials to extend
           	 the search into rather pointing to the task that carries them.
      
           (e) Installing thread, process or session keyrings causes a new set of
           	 credentials to be created, even though it's not strictly necessary for
           	 process or session keyrings (they're shared).
      
      (10) Usermode helper.
      
           The usermode helper code now carries a cred struct pointer in its
           subprocess_info struct instead of a new session keyring pointer.  This set
           of credentials is derived from init_cred and installed on the new process
           after it has been cloned.
      
           call_usermodehelper_setup() allocates the new credentials and
           call_usermodehelper_freeinfo() discards them if they haven't been used.  A
           special cred function (prepare_usermodeinfo_creds()) is provided
           specifically for call_usermodehelper_setup() to call.
      
           call_usermodehelper_setkeys() adjusts the credentials to sport the
           supplied keyring as the new session keyring.
      
      (11) SELinux.
      
           SELinux has a number of changes, in addition to those to support the LSM
           interface changes mentioned above:
      
           (a) selinux_setprocattr() no longer does its check for whether the
           	 current ptracer can access processes with the new SID inside the lock
           	 that covers getting the ptracer's SID.  Whilst this lock ensures that
           	 the check is done with the ptracer pinned, the result is only valid
           	 until the lock is released, so there's no point doing it inside the
           	 lock.
      
      (12) is_single_threaded().
      
           This function has been extracted from selinux_setprocattr() and put into
           a file of its own in the lib/ directory as join_session_keyring() now
           wants to use it too.
      
           The code in SELinux just checked to see whether a task shared mm_structs
           with other tasks (CLONE_VM), but that isn't good enough.  We really want
           to know if they're part of the same thread group (CLONE_THREAD).
      
      (13) nfsd.
      
           The NFS server daemon now has to use the COW credentials to set the
           credentials it is going to use.  It really needs to pass the credentials
           down to the functions it calls, but it can't do that until other patches
           in this series have been applied.
      Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
      Acked-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
      Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
      d84f4f99
    • D
      CRED: Use RCU to access another task's creds and to release a task's own creds · c69e8d9c
      David Howells 提交于
      Use RCU to access another task's creds and to release a task's own creds.
      This means that it will be possible for the credentials of a task to be
      replaced without another task (a) requiring a full lock to read them, and (b)
      seeing deallocated memory.
      Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
      Acked-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
      Acked-by: NSerge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
      Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
      c69e8d9c
    • D
      CRED: Separate task security context from task_struct · b6dff3ec
      David Howells 提交于
      Separate the task security context from task_struct.  At this point, the
      security data is temporarily embedded in the task_struct with two pointers
      pointing to it.
      
      Note that the Alpha arch is altered as it refers to (E)UID and (E)GID in
      entry.S via asm-offsets.
      
      With comment fixes Signed-off-by: Marc Dionne <marc.c.dionne@gmail.com>
      Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
      Acked-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
      Acked-by: NSerge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
      Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
      b6dff3ec
  11. 11 11月, 2008 1 次提交
  12. 17 10月, 2008 1 次提交
  13. 14 10月, 2008 1 次提交
    • M
      tracing, sched: LTTng instrumentation - scheduler · 0a16b607
      Mathieu Desnoyers 提交于
      Instrument the scheduler activity (sched_switch, migration, wakeups,
      wait for a task, signal delivery) and process/thread
      creation/destruction (fork, exit, kthread stop). Actually, kthread
      creation is not instrumented in this patch because it is architecture
      dependent. It allows to connect tracers such as ftrace which detects
      scheduling latencies, good/bad scheduler decisions. Tools like LTTng can
      export this scheduler information along with instrumentation of the rest
      of the kernel activity to perform post-mortem analysis on the scheduler
      activity.
      
      About the performance impact of tracepoints (which is comparable to
      markers), even without immediate values optimizations, tests done by
      Hideo Aoki on ia64 show no regression. His test case was using hackbench
      on a kernel where scheduler instrumentation (about 5 events in code
      scheduler code) was added. See the "Tracepoints" patch header for
      performance result detail.
      
      Changelog :
      
      - Change instrumentation location and parameter to match ftrace
        instrumentation, previously done with kernel markers.
      
      [ mingo@elte.hu: conflict resolutions ]
      Signed-off-by: NMathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
      Acked-by: N'Peter Zijlstra' <peterz@infradead.org>
      Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      0a16b607
  14. 29 9月, 2008 1 次提交
    • B
      mm owner: fix race between swapoff and exit · 31a78f23
      Balbir Singh 提交于
      There's a race between mm->owner assignment and swapoff, more easily
      seen when task slab poisoning is turned on.  The condition occurs when
      try_to_unuse() runs in parallel with an exiting task.  A similar race
      can occur with callers of get_task_mm(), such as /proc/<pid>/<mmstats>
      or ptrace or page migration.
      
      CPU0                                    CPU1
                                              try_to_unuse
                                              looks at mm = task0->mm
                                              increments mm->mm_users
      task 0 exits
      mm->owner needs to be updated, but no
      new owner is found (mm_users > 1, but
      no other task has task->mm = task0->mm)
      mm_update_next_owner() leaves
                                              mmput(mm) decrements mm->mm_users
      task0 freed
                                              dereferencing mm->owner fails
      
      The fix is to notify the subsystem via mm_owner_changed callback(),
      if no new owner is found, by specifying the new task as NULL.
      
      Jiri Slaby:
      mm->owner was set to NULL prior to calling cgroup_mm_owner_callbacks(), but
      must be set after that, so as not to pass NULL as old owner causing oops.
      
      Daisuke Nishimura:
      mm_update_next_owner() may set mm->owner to NULL, but mem_cgroup_from_task()
      and its callers need to take account of this situation to avoid oops.
      
      Hugh Dickins:
      Lockdep warning and hang below exec_mmap() when testing these patches.
      exit_mm() up_reads mmap_sem before calling mm_update_next_owner(),
      so exec_mmap() now needs to do the same.  And with that repositioning,
      there's now no point in mm_need_new_owner() allowing for NULL mm.
      Reported-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Signed-off-by: NBalbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
      Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
      Signed-off-by: NDaisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
      Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
      Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      31a78f23
  15. 14 9月, 2008 1 次提交
    • F
      timers: fix itimer/many thread hang · f06febc9
      Frank Mayhar 提交于
      Overview
      
      This patch reworks the handling of POSIX CPU timers, including the
      ITIMER_PROF, ITIMER_VIRT timers and rlimit handling.  It was put together
      with the help of Roland McGrath, the owner and original writer of this code.
      
      The problem we ran into, and the reason for this rework, has to do with using
      a profiling timer in a process with a large number of threads.  It appears
      that the performance of the old implementation of run_posix_cpu_timers() was
      at least O(n*3) (where "n" is the number of threads in a process) or worse.
      Everything is fine with an increasing number of threads until the time taken
      for that routine to run becomes the same as or greater than the tick time, at
      which point things degrade rather quickly.
      
      This patch fixes bug 9906, "Weird hang with NPTL and SIGPROF."
      
      Code Changes
      
      This rework corrects the implementation of run_posix_cpu_timers() to make it
      run in constant time for a particular machine.  (Performance may vary between
      one machine and another depending upon whether the kernel is built as single-
      or multiprocessor and, in the latter case, depending upon the number of
      running processors.)  To do this, at each tick we now update fields in
      signal_struct as well as task_struct.  The run_posix_cpu_timers() function
      uses those fields to make its decisions.
      
      We define a new structure, "task_cputime," to contain user, system and
      scheduler times and use these in appropriate places:
      
      struct task_cputime {
      	cputime_t utime;
      	cputime_t stime;
      	unsigned long long sum_exec_runtime;
      };
      
      This is included in the structure "thread_group_cputime," which is a new
      substructure of signal_struct and which varies for uniprocessor versus
      multiprocessor kernels.  For uniprocessor kernels, it uses "task_cputime" as
      a simple substructure, while for multiprocessor kernels it is a pointer:
      
      struct thread_group_cputime {
      	struct task_cputime totals;
      };
      
      struct thread_group_cputime {
      	struct task_cputime *totals;
      };
      
      We also add a new task_cputime substructure directly to signal_struct, to
      cache the earliest expiration of process-wide timers, and task_cputime also
      replaces the it_*_expires fields of task_struct (used for earliest expiration
      of thread timers).  The "thread_group_cputime" structure contains process-wide
      timers that are updated via account_user_time() and friends.  In the non-SMP
      case the structure is a simple aggregator; unfortunately in the SMP case that
      simplicity was not achievable due to cache-line contention between CPUs (in
      one measured case performance was actually _worse_ on a 16-cpu system than
      the same test on a 4-cpu system, due to this contention).  For SMP, the
      thread_group_cputime counters are maintained as a per-cpu structure allocated
      using alloc_percpu().  The timer functions update only the timer field in
      the structure corresponding to the running CPU, obtained using per_cpu_ptr().
      
      We define a set of inline functions in sched.h that we use to maintain the
      thread_group_cputime structure and hide the differences between UP and SMP
      implementations from the rest of the kernel.  The thread_group_cputime_init()
      function initializes the thread_group_cputime structure for the given task.
      The thread_group_cputime_alloc() is a no-op for UP; for SMP it calls the
      out-of-line function thread_group_cputime_alloc_smp() to allocate and fill
      in the per-cpu structures and fields.  The thread_group_cputime_free()
      function, also a no-op for UP, in SMP frees the per-cpu structures.  The
      thread_group_cputime_clone_thread() function (also a UP no-op) for SMP calls
      thread_group_cputime_alloc() if the per-cpu structures haven't yet been
      allocated.  The thread_group_cputime() function fills the task_cputime
      structure it is passed with the contents of the thread_group_cputime fields;
      in UP it's that simple but in SMP it must also safely check that tsk->signal
      is non-NULL (if it is it just uses the appropriate fields of task_struct) and,
      if so, sums the per-cpu values for each online CPU.  Finally, the three
      functions account_group_user_time(), account_group_system_time() and
      account_group_exec_runtime() are used by timer functions to update the
      respective fields of the thread_group_cputime structure.
      
      Non-SMP operation is trivial and will not be mentioned further.
      
      The per-cpu structure is always allocated when a task creates its first new
      thread, via a call to thread_group_cputime_clone_thread() from copy_signal().
      It is freed at process exit via a call to thread_group_cputime_free() from
      cleanup_signal().
      
      All functions that formerly summed utime/stime/sum_sched_runtime values from
      from all threads in the thread group now use thread_group_cputime() to
      snapshot the values in the thread_group_cputime structure or the values in
      the task structure itself if the per-cpu structure hasn't been allocated.
      
      Finally, the code in kernel/posix-cpu-timers.c has changed quite a bit.
      The run_posix_cpu_timers() function has been split into a fast path and a
      slow path; the former safely checks whether there are any expired thread
      timers and, if not, just returns, while the slow path does the heavy lifting.
      With the dedicated thread group fields, timers are no longer "rebalanced" and
      the process_timer_rebalance() function and related code has gone away.  All
      summing loops are gone and all code that used them now uses the
      thread_group_cputime() inline.  When process-wide timers are set, the new
      task_cputime structure in signal_struct is used to cache the earliest
      expiration; this is checked in the fast path.
      
      Performance
      
      The fix appears not to add significant overhead to existing operations.  It
      generally performs the same as the current code except in two cases, one in
      which it performs slightly worse (Case 5 below) and one in which it performs
      very significantly better (Case 2 below).  Overall it's a wash except in those
      two cases.
      
      I've since done somewhat more involved testing on a dual-core Opteron system.
      
      Case 1: With no itimer running, for a test with 100,000 threads, the fixed
      	kernel took 1428.5 seconds, 513 seconds more than the unfixed system,
      	all of which was spent in the system.  There were twice as many
      	voluntary context switches with the fix as without it.
      
      Case 2: With an itimer running at .01 second ticks and 4000 threads (the most
      	an unmodified kernel can handle), the fixed kernel ran the test in
      	eight percent of the time (5.8 seconds as opposed to 70 seconds) and
      	had better tick accuracy (.012 seconds per tick as opposed to .023
      	seconds per tick).
      
      Case 3: A 4000-thread test with an initial timer tick of .01 second and an
      	interval of 10,000 seconds (i.e. a timer that ticks only once) had
      	very nearly the same performance in both cases:  6.3 seconds elapsed
      	for the fixed kernel versus 5.5 seconds for the unfixed kernel.
      
      With fewer threads (eight in these tests), the Case 1 test ran in essentially
      the same time on both the modified and unmodified kernels (5.2 seconds versus
      5.8 seconds).  The Case 2 test ran in about the same time as well, 5.9 seconds
      versus 5.4 seconds but again with much better tick accuracy, .013 seconds per
      tick versus .025 seconds per tick for the unmodified kernel.
      
      Since the fix affected the rlimit code, I also tested soft and hard CPU limits.
      
      Case 4: With a hard CPU limit of 20 seconds and eight threads (and an itimer
      	running), the modified kernel was very slightly favored in that while
      	it killed the process in 19.997 seconds of CPU time (5.002 seconds of
      	wall time), only .003 seconds of that was system time, the rest was
      	user time.  The unmodified kernel killed the process in 20.001 seconds
      	of CPU (5.014 seconds of wall time) of which .016 seconds was system
      	time.  Really, though, the results were too close to call.  The results
      	were essentially the same with no itimer running.
      
      Case 5: With a soft limit of 20 seconds and a hard limit of 2000 seconds
      	(where the hard limit would never be reached) and an itimer running,
      	the modified kernel exhibited worse tick accuracy than the unmodified
      	kernel: .050 seconds/tick versus .028 seconds/tick.  Otherwise,
      	performance was almost indistinguishable.  With no itimer running this
      	test exhibited virtually identical behavior and times in both cases.
      
      In times past I did some limited performance testing.  those results are below.
      
      On a four-cpu Opteron system without this fix, a sixteen-thread test executed
      in 3569.991 seconds, of which user was 3568.435s and system was 1.556s.  On
      the same system with the fix, user and elapsed time were about the same, but
      system time dropped to 0.007 seconds.  Performance with eight, four and one
      thread were comparable.  Interestingly, the timer ticks with the fix seemed
      more accurate:  The sixteen-thread test with the fix received 149543 ticks
      for 0.024 seconds per tick, while the same test without the fix received 58720
      for 0.061 seconds per tick.  Both cases were configured for an interval of
      0.01 seconds.  Again, the other tests were comparable.  Each thread in this
      test computed the primes up to 25,000,000.
      
      I also did a test with a large number of threads, 100,000 threads, which is
      impossible without the fix.  In this case each thread computed the primes only
      up to 10,000 (to make the runtime manageable).  System time dominated, at
      1546.968 seconds out of a total 2176.906 seconds (giving a user time of
      629.938s).  It received 147651 ticks for 0.015 seconds per tick, still quite
      accurate.  There is obviously no comparable test without the fix.
      Signed-off-by: NFrank Mayhar <fmayhar@google.com>
      Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
      Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
      Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
      Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      f06febc9
  16. 06 9月, 2008 1 次提交
    • B
      sched: fix process time monotonicity · 49048622
      Balbir Singh 提交于
      Spencer reported a problem where utime and stime were going negative despite
      the fixes in commit b27f03d4. The suspected
      reason for the problem is that signal_struct maintains it's own utime and
      stime (of exited tasks), these are not updated using the new task_utime()
      routine, hence sig->utime can go backwards and cause the same problem
      to occur (sig->utime, adds tsk->utime and not task_utime()). This patch
      fixes the problem
      
      TODO: using max(task->prev_utime, derived utime) works for now, but a more
      generic solution is to implement cputime_max() and use the cputime_gt()
      function for comparison.
      
      Reported-by: spencer@bluehost.com
      Signed-off-by: NBalbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
      Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
      Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      49048622
  17. 03 9月, 2008 1 次提交
  18. 27 8月, 2008 1 次提交
  19. 02 8月, 2008 1 次提交
  20. 28 7月, 2008 1 次提交
    • A
      task IO accounting: improve code readability · 5995477a
      Andrea Righi 提交于
      Put all i/o statistics in struct proc_io_accounting and use inline functions to
      initialize and increment statistics, removing a lot of single variable
      assignments.
      
      This also reduces the kernel size as following (with CONFIG_TASK_XACCT=y and
      CONFIG_TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING=y).
      
          text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
         11651       0       0   11651    2d83 kernel/exit.o.before
         11619       0       0   11619    2d63 kernel/exit.o.after
         10886     132     136   11154    2b92 kernel/fork.o.before
         10758     132     136   11026    2b12 kernel/fork.o.after
      
       3082029  807968 4818600 8708597  84e1f5 vmlinux.o.before
       3081869  807968 4818600 8708437  84e155 vmlinux.o.after
      Signed-off-by: NAndrea Righi <righi.andrea@gmail.com>
      Acked-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      5995477a
  21. 27 7月, 2008 4 次提交
  22. 26 7月, 2008 8 次提交
  23. 17 7月, 2008 1 次提交
    • R
      fix dangling zombie when new parent ignores children · 666f164f
      Roland McGrath 提交于
      This fixes an arcane bug that we think was a regression introduced
      by commit b2b2cbc4.  When a parent
      ignores SIGCHLD (or uses SA_NOCLDWAIT), its children would self-reap
      but they don't if it's using ptrace on them.  When the parent thread
      later exits and ceases to ptrace a child but leaves other live
      threads in the parent's thread group, any zombie children are left
      dangling.  The fix makes them self-reap then, as they would have
      done earlier if ptrace had not been in use.
      Signed-off-by: NRoland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
      666f164f