xHCI host controllers can optionally implement a no-op test.  This
simple test ensures the OS has correctly setup all basic data structures
and can correctly respond to interrupts from the host controller
hardware.

There are two rings exercised by the no-op test:  the command ring, and
the event ring.

The host controller driver writes a no-op command TRB to the command
ring, and rings the doorbell for the command ring (the first entry in
the doorbell array).  The hardware receives this event, places a command
completion event on the event ring, and fires an interrupt.

The host controller driver sees the interrupt, and checks the event ring
for TRBs it can process, and sees the command completion event.  (See
the rules in xhci-ring.c for who "owns" a TRB.  This is a simplified set
of rules, and may not contain all the details that are in the xHCI 0.95
spec.)

A timer fires every 60 seconds to debug the state of the hardware and
command and event rings.  This timer only runs if
CONFIG_USB_XHCI_HCD_DEBUGGING is 'y'.
Signed-off-by: NSarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Instead of keeping a "frame list" like older host controllers, the xHCI
host controller keeps internal representations of the USB devices, with a
transfer ring per endpoint.  The host controller queues Transfer Request
Blocks (TRBs) to the endpoint ring, and then "rings the doorbell" for that
device.  The host controller processes the transfer, places a transfer
completion event on the event ring, and interrupts the system.

The device context base address array must be allocated by the xHCI host
controller driver, along with the device contexts it points to.
Signed-off-by: NSarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Allocate basic xHCI host controller data structures.  For every xHC, there
is a command ring, an event ring, and a doorbell array.

The doorbell array is used to notify the host controller that work has
been enqueued onto one of the rings.  The host controller driver enqueues
commands on the command ring.  The HW enqueues command completion events
on the event ring and interrupts the system (currently using PCI
interrupts, although the xHCI HW will use MSI interrupts eventually).

All rings and the doorbell array must be allocated by the xHCI host
controller driver.

Each ring is comprised of one or more segments, which consists of 16-byte
Transfer Request Blocks (TRBs) that can be chained to form a Transfer
Descriptor (TD) that represents a multiple-buffer request.  Segments are
linked into a ring using Link TRBs, which means they are dynamically
growable.

The producer of the ring enqueues a TD by writing one or more TRBs in the
ring and toggling the TRB cycle bit for each TRB.  The consumer knows it
can process the TRB when the cycle bit matches its internal consumer cycle
state for the ring.  The consumer cycle state is toggled an odd amount of
times in the ring.

An example ring (a ring must have a minimum of 16 TRBs on it, but that's
too big to draw in ASCII art):

              chain  cycle
               bit    bit
 ------------------------
| TD A TRB 1 |  1  |  1  |<-------------  <-- consumer dequeue ptr
 ------------------------               |     consumer cycle state = 1
| TD A TRB 2 |  1  |  1  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| TD A TRB 3 |  0  |  1  |  segment 1   |
 ------------------------               |
| TD B TRB 1 |  1  |  1  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| TD B TRB 2 |  0  |  1  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| Link TRB   |  0  |  1  |-----         |
 ------------------------     |         |
                              |         |
              chain  cycle    |         |
               bit    bit     |         |
 ------------------------     |         |
| TD C TRB 1 |  0  |  1  |<----         |
 ------------------------               |
| TD D TRB 1 |  1  |  1  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| TD D TRB 2 |  1  |  1  |   segment 2  |
 ------------------------               |
| TD D TRB 3 |  1  |  1  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| TD D TRB 4 |  1  |  1  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| Link TRB   |  1  |  1  |-----         |
 ------------------------     |         |
                              |         |
              chain  cycle    |         |
               bit    bit     |         |
 ------------------------     |         |
| TD D TRB 5 |  1  |  1  |<----         |
 ------------------------               |
| TD D TRB 6 |  0  |  1  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| TD E TRB 1 |  0  |  1  |   segment 3  |
 ------------------------               |
|            |  0  |  0  |              | <-- producer enqueue ptr
 ------------------------               |
|            |  0  |  0  |              |
 ------------------------               |
| Link TRB   |  0  |  0  |---------------
 ------------------------
Signed-off-by: NSarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Add PCI initialization code to take control of the xHCI host controller
away from the BIOS, halt, and reset the host controller.  The xHCI spec
says that BIOSes must give up the host controller within 5 seconds.

Add some host controller glue functions to handle hardware initialization
and memory allocation for the host controller.  The current xHCI
prototypes use PCI interrupts, but the xHCI spec requires MSI-X
interrupts.  Add code to support MSI-X interrupts, but use the PCI
interrupts for now.
Signed-off-by: NSarah Sharp <sarah.a.sharp@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>