For string without format specifiers, use seq_puts().
For seq_printf("\n"), use seq_putc('\n').

   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
  61866	    488	    112	  62466	   f402	fs/proc/proc.o
  61729	    488	    112	  62329	   f379	fs/proc/proc.o
  ----------------------------------------------------
  			   -139
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In /proc/stat, the number of per-IRQ event is shown by making a sum each
irq's events on all cpus.  But we can make use of kstat_irqs().

kstat_irqs() do the same calculation, If !CONFIG_GENERIC_HARDIRQ,
it's not a big cost. (Both of the number of cpus and irqs are small.)

If a system is very big and CONFIG_GENERIC_HARDIRQ, it does

	for_each_irq()
		for_each_cpu()
			- look up a radix tree
			- read desc->irq_stat[cpu]
This seems not efficient. This patch adds kstat_irqs() for
CONFIG_GENRIC_HARDIRQ and change the calculation as

	for_each_irq()
		look up radix tree
		for_each_cpu()
			- read desc->irq_stat[cpu]

This reduces cost.

A test on (4096cpusp, 256 nodes, 4592 irqs) host (by Jack Steiner)

%time cat /proc/stat > /dev/null

Before Patch:	 2.459 sec
After Patch :	  .561 sec

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: unexport kstat_irqs, coding-style tweaks]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix unused variable 'per_irq_sum']
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: NJack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Acked-by: NJack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

/proc/stat shows the total number of all interrupts to each cpu.  But when
the number of IRQs are very large, it take very long time and 'cat
/proc/stat' takes more than 10 secs.  This is because sum of all irq
events are counted when /proc/stat is read.  This patch adds "sum of all
irq" counter percpu and reduce read costs.

The cost of reading /proc/stat is important because it's used by major
applications as 'top', 'ps', 'w', etc....

A test on a mechin (4096cpu, 256 nodes, 4592 irqs) shows

 %time cat /proc/stat > /dev/null
 Before Patch:  12.627 sec
 After  Patch:  2.459 sec
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: NJack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Acked-by: NJack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h

percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files.  percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.

percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed.  Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability.  As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.

  http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py

The script does the followings.

* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
  only the necessary includes are there.  ie. if only gfp is used,
  gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.

* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
  blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
  to its surrounding.  It's put in the include block which contains
  core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
  alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
  doesn't seem to be any matching order.

* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
  because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
  an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
  file.

The conversion was done in the following steps.

1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
   over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
   and ~3000 slab.h inclusions.  The script emitted errors for ~400
   files.

2. Each error was manually checked.  Some didn't need the inclusion,
   some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
   embedding .c file was more appropriate for others.  This step added
   inclusions to around 150 files.

3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
   from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.

4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
   e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
   APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.

5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
   editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
   files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell.  Most gfp.h
   inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
   wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros.  Each
   slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
   necessary.

6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.

7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
   were fixed.  CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
   distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
   more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
   build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).

   * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
   * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * ia64 SMP allmodconfig
   * s390 SMP allmodconfig
   * alpha SMP allmodconfig
   * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig

8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
   a separate patch and serve as bisection point.

Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>

CPU time of a guest is always accounted in 'user' time
without concern for the nice value of its counterpart
process although the guest is scheduled under the nice
value.

This patch fixes the defect and accounts cpu time of
a niced guest in 'nice' time as same as a niced process.

And also the patch adds 'guest_nice' to cpuacct. The
value provides niced guest cpu time which is like 'nice'
to 'user'.

The original discussions can be found here:

  http://www.mail-archive.com/kvm@vger.kernel.org/msg23982.html
  http://www.mail-archive.com/kvm@vger.kernel.org/msg23860.htmlSigned-off-by: NRyota Ozaki <ozaki.ryota@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NAvi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
LKML-Reference: <1256314810-7897-1-git-send-email-ozaki.ryota@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Export statistics for softirq in /proc/softirqs and /proc/stat.

1. /proc/softirqs
Implement /proc/softirqs which shows the number of softirq
for each CPU like /proc/interrupts.

2. /proc/stat
Add the "softirq" line to /proc/stat.
This line shows the number of softirq for all cpu.
The first column is the total of all softirqs and
each subsequent column is the total for particular softirq.

[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: remove redundant for_each_possible_cpu() loop]
Signed-off-by: NKeika Kobayashi <kobayashi.kk@ncos.nec.co.jp>
Reviewed-by: NHiroshi Shimamoto <h-shimamoto@ct.jp.nec.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NKOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The cpu idle field in the output of /proc/stat is too small for cpus
that have been idle for more than a tick. Add the architecture hook
arch_idle_time that allows to add the not accounted idle time of a
sleeping cpu without waking the cpu.

The s390 implementation of arch_idle_time uses the already existing
s390_idle_data per_cpu variable to find the sleep time of a neighboring
idle cpu.
Signed-off-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

Impact: cleanup

irq_desc can be NULL when CONFIG_SPARSE_IRQ=y only.
therefore, NULL checking can move into kstat_irqs_cpu() of SPARSE_IRQ version.
Signed-off-by: NKOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: N"Yinghai Lu" <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: restructure code to fix compiler warning

commit 240d367b moved desc usage point
into #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSE_IRQ.

Eliminate the desc variable, otherwise following warning happens:

 fs/proc/stat.c: In function 'show_stat':
 fs/proc/stat.c:31: warning: unused variable 'desc'

[ akpm: cleaned up the patch to remove #ifdef ]
Signed-off-by: NKOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: build fix on Alpha

-tip testing found this build failure on the Alpha defconfig:

/home/mingo/tip/fs/proc/stat.c: In function 'show_stat':
/home/mingo/tip/fs/proc/stat.c:48: error: implicit declaration of function 'for_each_irq_desc'
/home/mingo/tip/fs/proc/stat.c:48: error: expected ';' before '{' token

can not use irq_desc() in stat.c on older architectures.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.orgg>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: new feature

Problem on distro kernels: irq_desc[NR_IRQS] takes megabytes of RAM with
NR_CPUS set to large values. The goal is to be able to scale up to much
larger NR_IRQS value without impacting the (important) common case.

To solve this, we generalize irq_desc[NR_IRQS] to an (optional) array of
irq_desc pointers.

When CONFIG_SPARSE_IRQ=y is used, we use kzalloc_node to get irq_desc,
this also makes the IRQ descriptors NUMA-local (to the site that calls
request_irq()).

This gets rid of the irq_cfg[] static array on x86 as well: irq_cfg now
uses desc->chip_data for x86 to store irq_cfg.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>