NLM provides file locking services for NFS files.  Part of this service
includes a second protocol, known as NSM, which is a reboot
notification service.  NLM uses this service to determine when to
reclaim locks or enter a grace period after a client or server reboots.

The NLM service (implemented by lockd in the Linux kernel) contacts
the local NSM service (implemented by rpc.statd in Linux user space)
via NSM protocol upcalls to register a callback when a particular
remote peer reboots.

To match the callback to the correct remote peer, the NLM service
constructs a cookie that it passes in the request.  The NSM service
passes that cookie back to the NLM service when it is notified that
the given remote peer has indeed rebooted.

Currently on Linux, the cookie is the raw 32-bit IPv4 address of the
remote peer.  To support IPv6 addresses, which are larger, we could
use all 16 bytes of the cookie to represent a full IPv6 address,
although we still can't represent an IPv6 address with a scope ID in
just 16 bytes.

Instead, to avoid the need for future changes to support additional
address types, we'll use a manufactured value for the cookie, and use
that to find the corresponding nsm_handle struct in the kernel during
the NLMPROC_SM_NOTIFY callback.

This should provide complete support in the kernel's NSM
implementation for IPv6 hosts, while remaining backwards compatible
with older rpc.statd implementations.

Note we also deal with another case where nsm_use_hostnames can change
while there are outstanding notifications, possibly resulting in the
loss of reboot notifications.  After this patch, the priv cookie is
always used to lookup rebooted hosts in the kernel.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: refactor nsm_get_handle() so it is organized the same way that
nsm_reboot_lookup() is.

There is an additional micro-optimization here.  This change moves the
"hostname & nsm_use_hostnames" test out of the list_for_each_entry()
clause in nsm_get_handle(), since it is loop-invariant.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up.  Refactor the creation of nsm_handles into a helper.  Fields
are initialized in increasing address order to make efficient use of
CPU caches.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: nsm_find() now has only one caller, and that caller
unconditionally sets the @create argument. Thus the @create
argument is no longer needed.

Since nsm_find() now has a more specific purpose, pick a more
appropriate name for it.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Invoke the newly introduced nsm_reboot_lookup() function in
nlm_host_rebooted() instead of nsm_find().

This introduces just one behavioral change: debugging messages
produced during reboot notification will now appear when the
NLMDBG_MONITOR flag is set, but not when the NLMDBG_HOSTCACHE flag
is set.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Introduce a new API to fs/lockd/mon.c that allows nlm_host_rebooted()
to lookup up nsm_handles via the contents of an nlm_reboot struct.

The new function is equivalent to calling nsm_find() with @create set
to zero, but it takes a struct nlm_reboot instead of separate
arguments.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The NLM XDR decoders for the NLMPROC_SM_NOTIFY procedure should treat
their "priv" argument truly as an opaque, as defined by the protocol,
and let the upper layers figure out what is in it.

This will make it easier to modify the contents and interpretation of
the "priv" argument, and keep knowledge about what's in "priv" local
to fs/lockd/mon.c.

For now, the NLM and NSM implementations should behave exactly as they
did before.

The formation of the address of the rebooted host in
nlm_host_rebooted() may look a little strange, but it is the inverse
of how nsm_init_private() forms the private cookie.  Plus, it's
going away soon anyway.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Pass the nlm_reboot data structure directly from the NLMPROC_SM_NOTIFY
XDR decoders to nlm_host_rebooted().  This eliminates some packing and
unpacking of the NLMPROC_SM_NOTIFY results, and prepares for passing
these results, including the "priv" cookie, directly to a lookup
routine in fs/lockd/mon.c.

This patch changes code organization but should not cause any
behavioral change.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Pass the new "priv" cookie to NSMPROC_MON's XDR encoder, instead of
creating the "priv" argument in the encoder at call time.

This patch should not cause a behavioral change: the contents of the
cookie remain the same for the time being.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Introduce a new data type, used by both the in-kernel NLM and NSM
implementations, that is used to manage the opaque "priv" argument
for the NSMPROC_MON and NLMPROC_SM_NOTIFY calls.

Construct the "priv" cookie when the nsm_handle is created.

The nsm_init_private() function may look a little strange, but it is
roughly equivalent to how the XDR encoder formed the "priv" argument.
It's going to go away soon.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The nsm_release() function should never be called with a NULL handle
point.  If it is, that's a bug.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The nsm_find() function should never be called with a NULL IP address
pointer.  If it is, that's a bug.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Introduce some dprintk() calls in fs/lockd/mon.c that are enabled by
the NLMDBG_MONITOR flag.  These report when we find, create, and
release nsm_handles.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The nsm_find() function sets up fresh nsm_handle entries.  This is
where we will store the "priv" cookie used to lookup nsm_handles during
reboot recovery.  The cookie will be constructed when nsm_find()
creates a new nsm_handle.

As much as possible, I would like to keep everything that handles a
"priv" cookie in fs/lockd/mon.c so that all the smarts are in one
source file.  That organization should make it pretty simple to see how
all this works.

To me, it makes more sense than the current arrangement to keep
nsm_find() with nsm_monitor() and nsm_unmonitor().

So, start reorganizing by moving nsm_find() into fs/lockd/mon.c.  The
nsm_release() function comes along too, since it shares the nsm_lock
global variable.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Introduce xdr_stream-based XDR encoder and decoder functions, which are
more careful about preventing RPC buffer overflows.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: Move the RPC program and procedure numbers for NSM into the
one source file that needs them: fs/lockd/mon.c.

And, as with NLM, NFS, and rpcbind calls, use NSMPROC_FOO instead of
SM_FOO for NSM procedure numbers.

Finally, make a couple of comments more precise: what is referred to
here as SM_NOTIFY is really the NLM (lockd) NLMPROC_SM_NOTIFY downcall,
not NSMPROC_NOTIFY.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: NSM's XDR data structures are used only in fs/lockd/mon.c,
so move them there.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Make sure any error returned by rpc.statd during an SM_UNMON call is
reported rather than ignored completely.  There isn't much to do with
such an error, but we should log it in any case.

Similar to a recent change to nsm_monitor().
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up.

Make the nlm_host argument "const," and move the public declaration to
lockd.h.  Add a documenting comment.

Bruce observed that nsm_unmonitor()'s only caller doesn't care about
its return code, so make nsm_unmonitor() return void.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The nsm_handle's reference count is bumped in nlm_lookup_host().  It
should be decremented in nlm_destroy_host() to make it easier to see
the balance of these two operations.

Move the nsm_release() call to fs/lockd/host.c.

The h_nsmhandle pointer is set in nlm_lookup_host(), and never cleared.
The nlm_destroy_host() function is never called for the same nlm_host
twice, so h_nsmhandle won't ever be NULL when nsm_unmonitor() is
called.

All references to the nlm_host are gone before it is freed.  We can
skip making h_nsmhandle NULL just before the nlm_host is deallocated.

It's also likely we can remove the h_nsmhandle NULL check in
nlmsvc_is_client() as well, but we can do that later when rearchitect-
ing the nlm_host cache.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up.

Make the nlm_host argument "const," and move the public declaration to
lockd.h with other NSM public function (nsm_release, eg) and global
variable declarations.

Add a documenting comment.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The nsm_monitor() function reports an error and does not set sm_monitored
if the SM_MON upcall reply has a non-zero result code, but nsm_monitor()
does not return an error to its caller in this case.

Since sm_monitored is not set, the upcall is retried when the next NLM
request invokes nsm_monitor().  However, that may not come for a while.
In the meantime, at least one NLM request will potentially proceed
without the peer being monitored properly.

Have nsm_monitor() return an error if the result code is non-zero.
This will cause all NLM requests to fail immediately if the upcall
completed successfully but rpc.statd returned an error.

This may be inconvenient in some cases (for example if rpc.statd
cannot complete a proper DNS reverse lookup of the hostname), but will
make the reboot monitoring service more robust by forcing such issues
to be corrected by an admin.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: Remove the BUG_ON() invocation in nsm_monitor().  It's not
likely that nsm_monitor() is ever called with a NULL host pointer, and
the code will die anyway if host is NULL.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The nsm_monitor() function already generates a printk(KERN_NOTICE) if
the SM_MON upcall fails, so the similar printk() in the nlmclnt_lock()
function is redundant.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: Use the sm_name field for reporting the hostname in nsm_monitor()
and nsm_unmonitor(), just as the other functions in fs/lockd/mon.c do.

The h_name field is just a copy of the sm_name pointer.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The "mon_name" argument of the NSMPROC_MON and NSMPROC_UNMON upcalls
is a string that contains the hostname or IP address of the remote peer
to be notified when this host has rebooted.  The sm-notify command uses
this identifier to contact the peer when we reboot, so it must be
either a well-qualified DNS hostname or a presentation format IP
address string.

When the "nsm_use_hostnames" sysctl is set to zero, the kernel's NSM
provides a presentation format IP address in the "mon_name" argument.
Otherwise, the "caller_name" argument from NLM requests is used,
which is usually just the DNS hostname of the peer.

To support IPv6 addresses for the mon_name argument, we use the
nsm_handle's address eye-catcher, which already contains an appropriate
presentation format address string.  Using the eye-catcher string
obviates the need to use a large buffer on the stack to form the
presentation address string for the upcall.

This patch also addresses a subtle bug.

An NSMPROC_MON request and the subsequent NSMPROC_UNMON request for the
same peer are required to use the same value for the "mon_name"
argument.  Otherwise, rpc.statd's NSMPROC_UNMON processing cannot
locate the database entry for that peer and remove it.

If the setting of nsm_use_hostnames is changed between the time the
kernel sends an NSMPROC_MON request and the time it sends the
NSMPROC_UNMON request for the same peer, the "mon_name" argument for
these two requests may not be the same.  This is because the value of
"mon_name" is currently chosen at the moment the call is made based on
the setting of nsm_use_hostnames

To ensure both requests pass identical contents in the "mon_name"
argument, we now select which string to use for the argument in the
nsm_monitor() function.  A pointer to this string is saved in the
nsm_handle so it can be used for a subsequent NSMPROC_UNMON upcall.

NB: There are other potential problems, such as how nlm_host_rebooted()
might behave if nsm_use_hostnames were changed while hosts are still
being monitored.  This patch does not attempt to address those
problems.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: I'm about to add another "char *" field to the nsm_handle
structure.  The sm_name field uses an older style of declaring a
"char *" field.  If I match that style for the new field, checkpatch.pl
will complain.

So, fix the sm_name field to use the new style.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: make the printk(KERN_DEBUG) in nsm_mon_unmon() a dprintk,
and add another dprintk to note if creating an RPC client for the
upcall failed.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: Use a C99 structure initializer instead of open-coding the
initialization of nsm_args.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: introduce a helper function to generate IPv4 addresses using
the same style as the IPv6 helper function we just added.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Scope ID support is needed since the kernel's NSM implementation is
about to use these displayed addresses as a mon_name in some cases.

When nsm_use_hostnames is zero, without scope ID support NSM will fail
to handle peers that contact us via a link-local address.  Link-local
addresses do not work without an interface ID, which is stored in the
sockaddr's sin6_scope_id field.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

AF_UNSPEC support is no longer needed in nlm_display_address() now
that a presentation address is no longer generated for the h_srcaddr
field.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The h_name field in struct nlm_host is a just copy of
h_nsmhandle->sm_name.  Likewise, the contents of the h_addrbuf field
should be identical to the sm_addrbuf field.

The h_srcaddrbuf field is used only in one place for debugging.  We can
live without this until we get %pI formatting for printk().

Currently these buffers are 48 bytes, but we need to support scope IDs
in IPv6 presentation addresses, which means making the buffers even
larger.  Instead, let's find ways to eliminate them to save space.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Clean up: I'm about to add another "char *" field to the nlm_host
structure.  The h_name field, for example, uses an older style of
declaring a "char *" field.  If I match that style for the new field,
checkpatch.pl will complain.

So, fix pointer fields to use the new style.
Signed-off-by: NChuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

The default method for calculating the number of connections allowed
per RPC service arbitrarily limits single-threaded services to 80
connections. This is too low for services like lockd and artificially
limits the number of TCP clients that it can support.

Have lockd set a default sv_maxconn value to 1024 (which is the typical
default value for RLIMIT_NOFILE. Also add a module parameter to allow an
admin to set this to an arbitrary value.
Signed-off-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

svc_check_conn_limits() attempts to prevent denial of service attacks
by having the service close old connections once it reaches a
threshold. This threshold is based on the number of threads in the
service:

	(serv->sv_nrthreads + 3) * 20

Once we reach this, we drop the oldest connections and a printk pops
to warn the admin that they should increase the number of threads.

Increasing the number of threads isn't an option however for services
like lockd. We don't want to eliminate this check entirely for such
services but we need some way to increase this limit.

This patch adds a sv_maxconn field to the svc_serv struct. When it's
set to 0, we use the current method to calculate the max number of
connections. RPC services can then set this on an as-needed basis.
Signed-off-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Descriptions taken from mountd code (in nfs-utils/utils/mountd/cache.c).
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

cksum.data is not freed up in one error case. Compile tested.
Signed-off-by: NKrishna Kumar <krkumar2@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Minor cleanup/rewrite of find_stateid. Compile tested.
Signed-off-by: NKrishna Kumar <krkumar2@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>

Signed-off-by: NJ. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>