Print out this kind of l1-dcache-misses percentage:

 Performance counter stats for './bw_tcp localhost':

    29,956,262,201 cycles                   #    3.002 GHz                      (scaled from 85.14%)
     8,255,209,558 stalled-cycles           #   27.56% of all cycles are idle   (scaled from 86.56%)
     1,206,130,308 l1-dcache-misses         #   40.49% of all L1-dcache hits    (scaled from 86.30%)
     2,978,756,779 l1-dcache-refs           #  298.512 M/sec                    (scaled from 70.02%)
     8,861,956,159 instructions             #    0.30  insns per cycle
                                            #    0.93  stalled cycles per insn  (scaled from 84.27%)
     1,644,306,068 branches                 #  164.782 M/sec                    (scaled from 86.43%)
        74,778,443 branch-misses            #    4.55% of all branches          (scaled from 70.69%)
       9978.695711 task-clock               #    0.693 CPUs utilized

       14.404347983  seconds time elapsed

And color the result depending on the severity of cache-trashing.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-54gmz0zymaid84zcs7joq02p@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Print the missed-branches percentage with different warning level ASCII colors,
as the percentage passes the 5%/10%/20% thresholds.

These thresholds are set to relatively low levels, because on most CPUs even a
moderate percentage of branch-misses already shows up as a slowdown.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-ybqukg7p86leiup7gl03ecgk@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Print the stalled-cycles percentage with different warning level ASCII colors,
as the percentage passes the 25%/50%/75% thresholds.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-e25zz44rcms7mu9az4fu5zp0@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Before:

                 0 CPU-migrations           #    0.000 M/sec                    ( +-  -nan% )

After:

                 0 CPU-migrations           #    0.000 M/sec                    ( +-  0.00% )

Also factor out the noise printing function.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-z89h2v1bk1mikcbsf7e6v34q@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The new default output looks like this:

 Performance counter stats for './loop_1b_instructions':

        236.010686 task-clock               #    0.996 CPUs utilized
                 0 context-switches         #    0.000 M/sec
                 0 CPU-migrations           #    0.000 M/sec
                99 page-faults              #    0.000 M/sec
       756,487,646 cycles                   #    3.205 GHz
       354,938,996 stalled-cycles           #   46.92% of all cycles are idle
     1,001,403,797 instructions             #    1.32  insns per cycle
                                            #    0.35  stalled cycles per insn
       100,279,773 branches                 #  424.895 M/sec
            12,646 branch-misses            #    0.013 % of all branches

        0.236902540  seconds time elapsed

We dropped cache-refs and cache-misses and added stalled-cycles - this is a
more generic "how well utilized is the CPU" metric.

If the stalled-cycles ratio is too high then more specific measurements can be
taken to figure out the source of the inefficiency.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-pbpl2l4mn797s69bclfpwkwn@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add stalled cycles accounting and use it to print the "cycles stalled per
instruction" value.

Also change the unit of the cycles output from M/sec to GHz - this is more
intuitive.

Prettify the output to:

 Performance counter stats for './loop_1b_instructions':

        239.775036 task-clock               #    0.997 CPUs utilized
       761,903,912 cycles                   #    3.178 GHz
       356,620,620 stalled-cycles           #   46.81% of all cycles are idle
     1,001,578,351 instructions             #    1.31  insns per cycle
                                            #    0.36  stalled cycles per insn
            14,782 cache-references         #    0.062 M/sec
             5,694 cache-misses             #   38.520 % of all cache refs

        0.240493656  seconds time elapsed

Also adjust the --repeat output to make the percentages align vertically:

 Performance counter stats for './loop_1b_instructions' (10 runs):

        236.096793 task-clock               #    0.997 CPUs utilized             ( +-   0.011% )
       756,553,086 cycles                   #    3.204 GHz                       ( +-   0.002% )
       354,942,692 stalled-cycles           #   46.92% of all cycles are idle    ( +-   0.008% )
     1,001,389,700 instructions             #    1.32  insns per cycle
                                            #    0.35  stalled cycles per insn   ( +-   0.000% )
            10,166 cache-references         #    0.043 M/sec                     ( +-   0.742% )
               468 cache-misses             #    4.608 % of all cache refs       ( +-  13.385% )

        0.236874136  seconds time elapsed   ( +- 0.01% )
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-uapziqny39601apdmmhoz7hk@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Create update_shadow_stats() which is then used in both read_counter_aggr()
and read_counter().

This not only simplifies the code but also fixes a bug: HW_CACHE_REFERENCES
was not updated in read_counter().
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-9uc55z3g88r47exde7zxjm6p@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Right now we display this by default:

          0.202204 task-clock-msecs         #      0.282 CPUs
                 0 context-switches         #      0.000 M/sec
                 0 CPU-migrations           #      0.000 M/sec
                85 page-faults              #      0.420 M/sec

The task-clock-msecs event cannot actually be passed back as an
event name, the event name we recognize is 'task-clock'.

So change the output of the cpu-clock and task-clock events
to be idempotent.

( Units should be printed out in the right-side column, if needed. )
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-lexrnbzy09asscgd4f7oac4i@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Currently we fail without printing any error message on "perf stat -e task-clock-msecs".

The reason is that the task-clock event is matched and the "-msecs" postfix is assumed
to be an event modifier - but is not recognized.

This patch changes the code to be more informative:

 $ perf stat -e task-clock-msecs true
 invalid event modifier: '-msecs'
 Run 'perf list' for a list of valid events and modifiers

And restructures the return value of parse_event_modifier() to allow
the printing of all variants of invalid event modifiers.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-wlaw3dvz1ly6wple8l52cfca@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

We currently fail on something like '-e CPU-migrations', with:

  invalid or unsupported event: 'CPU-migrations'

While 'CPU-migrations' is how we actually print out the event
in the default perf stat output:

 Performance counter stats for 'true':

          0.202204 task-clock-msecs         #      0.282 CPUs
                 0 context-switches         #      0.000 M/sec
                 0 CPU-migrations           #      0.000 M/sec

So change the matching to be case-insensitive.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-omcm3edjjtx83a4kh2e244se@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Before:

       113,393,041 cache-references         #     83.636 M/sec
         7,052,454 cache-misses             #      5.202 M/sec

After:

       112,589,441 cache-references         #     87.925 M/sec
         6,556,354 cache-misses             #      5.823 %

misses/hits percentages are more expressive than absolute numbers
or rates.

(Also prettify the CPUs printout line to not have a trailing whitespace.)
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-axm28f43x439bl41zkvfzd63@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Print:

           611,527 cycles
           400,553 instructions             # (  0.71 instructions per cycle )
            77,809 stalled-cycles           # ( 12.71% of all cycles )

        0.000610987  seconds time elapsed
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-fd6x8r1cpyb6zhlrc4ix8m45@git.kernel.org

Various constraint tables were not marked read-mostly.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-wpqwwvmhxucy5e718wnamjiv@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The new PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES event tries to approximate
cycles the CPU does nothing useful, because it is stalled on a
cache-miss or some other condition.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-fue11vymwqsoo5to72jxxjyl@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Merge reason: We want to queue up dependent changes.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

On Nehalem CPUs the retired branch-misses event can be completely bogus,
when there are no branch-misses occuring. When there are a lot of branch
misses then the count is pretty accurate. Still, this leaves us with an
event that over-counts a lot.

Detect this erratum and work it around by using BR_MISP_EXEC.ANY events.
These will also count speculated branches but still it's a lot more
precise in practice than the architectural event.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-yyfg0bxo9jsqxd6a0ovfny27@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Currently the x86 backend incorrectly assumes that any BRANCH_INSN
with sample_period==1 is a BTS request. This is not true when we do
frequency driven profiling such as 'perf record -e branches'.

Solves this error:

  $ perf record -e branches ./array
  Error: sys_perf_event_open() syscall returned with 95 (Operation not supported).
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Reported-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "Metzger, Markus T" <markus.t.metzger@intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-rd2y4ct71hjawzz6fpvsy9hg@git.kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ecryptfs/ecryptfs-2.6:
  eCryptfs: Flush dirty pages in setattr
  eCryptfs: Handle failed metadata read in lookup
  eCryptfs: Add reference counting to lower files
  eCryptfs: dput dentries returned from dget_parent
  eCryptfs: Remove extra d_delete in ecryptfs_rmdir

Merge branch 'for-torvalds' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-stericsson

* 'for-torvalds' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-stericsson:
  rtc: fix coh901331 startup crash
  mach-ux500: fix i2c0 device setup regression

Now that the security modules can decide whether they support the
dcache RCU walk or not it's possible to make selinux a bit more
RCU friendly.  The SELinux AVC and security server access decision
code is RCU safe.  A specific piece of the LSM audit code may not
be RCU safe.

This patch makes the VFS RCU walk retry if it would hit the non RCU
safe chunk of code.  It will normally just work under RCU.  This is
done simply by passing the VFS RCU state as a flag down into the
avc_audit() code and returning ECHILD there if it would have an issue.
Based-on-patch-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now that the whole dcache_hash_bucket crap is gone, go all the way and
also remove the weird locking layering violations for locking the hash
buckets.  Add hlist_bl_lock/unlock helpers to move the locking into the
list abstraction instead of requiring each caller to open code it.
After all allowing for the bit locks is the whole point of these helpers
over the plain hlist variant.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When we are waiting for the bit-lock to be released, and are looping
over the 'cpu_relax()' should not be doing anything else - otherwise we
miss the point of trying to do the whole 'cpu_relax()'.

Do the preemption enable/disable around the loop, rather than inside of
it.

Noticed when I was looking at the code generation for the dcache
__d_drop usage, and the code just looked very odd.
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

After 57db4e8d changed eCryptfs to
write-back caching, eCryptfs page writeback updates the lower inode
times due to the use of vfs_write() on the lower file.

To preserve inode metadata changes, such as 'cp -p' does with
utimensat(), we need to flush all dirty pages early in
ecryptfs_setattr() so that the user-updated lower inode metadata isn't
clobbered later in writeback.

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=33372Reported-by: NRocko <rockorequin@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NTyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

When failing to read the lower file's crypto metadata during a lookup,
eCryptfs must continue on without throwing an error. For example, there
may be a plaintext file in the lower mount point that the user wants to
delete through the eCryptfs mount.

If an error is encountered while reading the metadata in lookup(), the
eCryptfs inode's size could be incorrect. We must be sure to reread the
plaintext inode size from the metadata when performing an open() or
setattr(). The metadata is already being read in those paths, so this
adds minimal performance overhead.

This patch introduces a flag which will track whether or not the
plaintext inode size has been read so that an incorrect i_size can be
fixed in the open() or setattr() paths.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/509180

Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NTyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

For any given lower inode, eCryptfs keeps only one lower file open and
multiplexes all eCryptfs file operations through that lower file. The
lower file was considered "persistent" and stayed open from the first
lookup through the lifetime of the inode.

This patch keeps the notion of a single, per-inode lower file, but adds
reference counting around the lower file so that it is closed when not
currently in use. If the reference count is at 0 when an operation (such
as open, create, etc.) needs to use the lower file, a new lower file is
opened. Since the file is no longer persistent, all references to the
term persistent file are changed to lower file.

Locking is added around the sections of code that opens the lower file
and assign the pointer in the inode info, as well as the code the fputs
the lower file when all eCryptfs users are done with it.

This patch is needed to fix issues, when mounted on top of the NFSv3
client, where the lower file is left silly renamed until the eCryptfs
inode is destroyed.
Signed-off-by: NTyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Call dput on the dentries previously returned by dget_parent() in
ecryptfs_rename(). This is needed for supported eCryptfs mounts on top
of the NFSv3 client.
Signed-off-by: NTyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

vfs_rmdir() already calls d_delete() on the lower dentry. That was being
duplicated in ecryptfs_rmdir() and caused a NULL pointer dereference
when NFSv3 was the lower filesystem.
Signed-off-by: NTyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

* dcache-cleanup:
  vfs: get rid of insane dentry hashing rules

* 'upstream-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jgarzik/libata-dev:
  libata: ahci_start_engine compliant to AHCI spec
  ata: pata_at91.c bugfix for initial_timing initialisation
  ata: pata_at91.c bugfix for high master clock
  ahci: AHCI-mode SATA patch for Intel Panther Point DeviceIDs
  ata_piix: IDE-mode SATA patch for Intel Panther Point DeviceIDs
  libata: Pioneer DVR-216D can't do SETXFER
  ahci: don't enable port irq before handler is registered
  libata: Implement ATA_FLAG_NO_DIPM and apply it to mcp65
  libata: Kill unused ATA_DFLAG_{H|D}IPM flags
  ahci: EM supported message type sysfs attribute

* 'for-linus' of git://git.infradead.org/ubifs-2.6:
  UBIFS: fix master node recovery
  UBIFS: fix false assertion warning in case of I/O failures
  UBIFS: fix false space checking failure

At the end of section 10.1 of AHCI spec (rev 1.3), it states

Software shall not set PxCMD.ST to 1 until it is determined that
a functoinal device is present on the port as determined by
PxTFD.STS.BSY=0, PxTFD.STS.DRQ=0 and PxSSTS.DET=3h

Even though most AHCI host controller works without this check,
specific controller will fail under this condition.
Signed-off-by: NJian Peng <jipeng2005@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

The "struct ata_timing" must contain 10 members, but ".dmack_hold" member was
forgotten for "initial_timing" initialisation. This patch fixes such a problem.
Signed-off-by: NIgor Plyatov <plyatov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

The AT91SAM9 microcontrollers with master clock higher then 105 MHz
and PIO0, have overflow of the NCS_RD_PULSE value in the MSB. This
lead to "NCS_RD_PULSE" pulse longer then "NRD_CYCLE" pulse and driver
does not detect ATA device.
Signed-off-by: NIgor Plyatov <plyatov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

The previously submitted patch was word-wrapped.

This patch adds the AHCI-mode SATA DeviceIDs for the Intel Panther Point PCH.
Signed-off-by: NSeth Heasley <seth.heasley@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

The previously submitted patch was word-wrapped.

This patch adds the IDE-mode SATA DeviceIDs for the Intel Panther
Point PCH.
Signed-off-by: NSeth Heasley <seth.heasley@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

 Commit 4a5610a0 fixed an issue with
 the Pioneer DVR-212D not handling SETXFER correctly. An openSUSE user
 reported a similar issue with his DVR-216D that the NOSETXFER horkage
 worked around for him as well.

 This patch adds the DVR-216D (1.08) to the horkage list for NOSETXFER.

 The issue was reported at:
 https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=679143Reported-by: NVolodymyr Kyrychenko <vladimir.kirichenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

The ahci_pmp_attach() & ahci_pmp_detach() unmask port irqs, but they
are also called during port initialization, before ahci host irq
handler is registered. On ce4100 platform, this sometimes triggers
"irq 4: nobody cared" message when loading driver.

Fixed this by not touching the register if the port is in frozen
state, and mark all uninitialized port as frozen.
Signed-off-by: NMaxime Bizon <mbizon@freebox.fr>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

NVIDIA mcp65 familiy of controllers cause command timeouts when DIPM
is used.  Implement ATA_FLAG_NO_DIPM and apply it.

This problem was reported by Stefan Bader in the following thread.

 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ide/48841

stable: applicable to 2.6.37 and 38.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: NStefan Bader <stefan.bader@canonical.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

ATA_DFLAG_{H|D}IPM flags are no longer used.  Kill them.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>

This patch adds an sysfs attribute 'em_message_supported' to the
ahci host device which prints out the supported enclosure management
message types.
Signed-off-by: NHannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>