This should result in a pretty sizeable performance gain for reads.  For
rough comparison I did some simple read testing using PMEM to compare
reads of write combining (WC) mappings vs write-back (WB).  This was
done on a random lab machine.

PMEM reads from a write combining mapping:
	# dd of=/dev/null if=/dev/pmem0 bs=4096 count=100000
	100000+0 records in
	100000+0 records out
	409600000 bytes (410 MB) copied, 9.2855 s, 44.1 MB/s

PMEM reads from a write-back mapping:
	# dd of=/dev/null if=/dev/pmem0 bs=4096 count=1000000
	1000000+0 records in
	1000000+0 records out
	4096000000 bytes (4.1 GB) copied, 3.44034 s, 1.2 GB/s

To be able to safely support a write-back aperture I needed to add
support for the "read flush" _DSM flag, as outlined in the DSM spec:

http://pmem.io/documents/NVDIMM_DSM_Interface_Example.pdf

This flag tells the ND BLK driver that it needs to flush the cache lines
associated with the aperture after the aperture is moved but before any
new data is read.  This ensures that any stale cache lines from the
previous contents of the aperture will be discarded from the processor
cache, and the new data will be read properly from the DIMM.  We know
that the cache lines are clean and will be discarded without any
writeback because either a) the previous aperture operation was a read,
and we never modified the contents of the aperture, or b) the previous
aperture operation was a write and we must have written back the dirtied
contents of the aperture to the DIMM before the I/O was completed.

In order to add support for the "read flush" flag I needed to add a
generic routine to invalidate cache lines, mmio_flush_range().  This is
protected by the ARCH_HAS_MMIO_FLUSH Kconfig variable, and is currently
only supported on x86.
Signed-off-by: NRoss Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>

Kill arch_memremap_pmem() and just let the architecture specify the
flags to be passed to memremap().  Default to writethrough by default.
Suggested-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NRoss Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>

Based on an original patch by Ross Zwisler [1].

Writes to persistent memory have the potential to be posted to cpu
cache, cpu write buffers, and platform write buffers (memory controller)
before being committed to persistent media.  Provide apis,
memcpy_to_pmem(), wmb_pmem(), and memremap_pmem(), to write data to
pmem and assert that it is durable in PMEM (a persistent linear address
range).  A '__pmem' attribute is added so sparse can track proper usage
of pointers to pmem.

This continues the status quo of pmem being x86 only for 4.2, but
reworks to ioremap, and wider implementation of memremap() will enable
other archs in 4.3.

[1]: https://lists.01.org/pipermail/linux-nvdimm/2015-May/000932.html

Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NRoss Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
[djbw: various reworks]
Signed-off-by: NDan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>

Add ioremap_wt() for creating Write-Through mappings on x86. It
follows the same model as ioremap_wc() for multi-arch support.
Define ARCH_HAS_IOREMAP_WT in the x86 version of io.h to
indicate that ioremap_wt() is implemented on x86.

Also update the PAT documentation file to cover ioremap_wt().
Signed-off-by: NToshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Elliott@hp.com
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: arnd@arndb.de
Cc: hch@lst.de
Cc: hmh@hmh.eng.br
Cc: jgross@suse.com
Cc: konrad.wilk@oracle.com
Cc: linux-mm <linux-mm@kvack.org>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@lists.01.org
Cc: stefan.bader@canonical.com
Cc: yigal@plexistor.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1433436928-31903-8-git-send-email-bp@alien8.deSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Nothing in <asm/io.h> uses anything from <linux/vmalloc.h>, so
remove it from there and fix up the resulting build problems
triggered on x86 {64|32}-bit {def|allmod|allno}configs.

The breakages were triggering in places where x86 builds relied
on vmalloc() facilities but did not include <linux/vmalloc.h>
explicitly and relied on the implicit inclusion via <asm/io.h>.

Also add:

  - <linux/init.h> to <linux/io.h>
  - <asm/pgtable_types> to <asm/io.h>

... which were two other implicit header file dependencies.
Suggested-by: NDavid Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
[ Tidied up the changelog. ]
Acked-by: NDavid Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Acked-by: NViresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NVinod Koul <vinod.koul@intel.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <JBottomley@odin.com>
Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
Cc: K. Y. Srinivasan <kys@microsoft.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Kristen Carlson Accardi <kristen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Suma Ramars <sramars@cisco.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

There is only one user but since we're going to bury MTRR next
out of access to drivers, expose this last piece of API to
drivers in a general fashion only needing io.h for access to
helpers.
Signed-off-by: NLuis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Abhilash Kesavan <a.kesavan@samsung.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Antonino Daplas <adaplas@gmail.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Cristian Stoica <cristian.stoica@freescale.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Jean-Christophe Plagniol-Villard <plagnioj@jcrosoft.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matthias Brugger <matthias.bgg@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <sbsiddha@gmail.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen@ti.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: Ville Syrjälä <syrjala@sci.fi>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429722736-4473-1-git-send-email-mcgrof@do-not-panic.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1432628901-18044-11-git-send-email-bp@alien8.deSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

ioremap_nocache() currently uses UC- by default. Our goal is to
eventually make UC the default. Linux maps UC- to PCD=1, PWT=0
page attributes on non-PAT systems. Linux maps UC to PCD=1,
PWT=1 page attributes on non-PAT systems. On non-PAT and PAT
systems a WC MTRR has different effects on pages with either of
these attributes. In order to help with a smooth transition its
best to enable use of UC (PCD,1, PWT=1) on a region as that
ensures a WC MTRR will have no effect on a region, this however
requires us to have an way to declare a region as UC and we
currently do not have a way to do this.

  WC MTRR on non-PAT system with PCD=1, PWT=0 (UC-) yields WC.
  WC MTRR on non-PAT system with PCD=1, PWT=1 (UC)  yields UC.

  WC MTRR on PAT system with PCD=1, PWT=0 (UC-) yields WC.
  WC MTRR on PAT system with PCD=1, PWT=1 (UC)  yields UC.

A flip of the default ioremap_nocache() behaviour from UC- to UC
can therefore regress a memory region from effective memory type
WC to UC if MTRRs are used. Use of MTRRs should be phased out
and in the best case only arch_phys_wc_add() use will remain,
even if this happens arch_phys_wc_add() will have an effect on
non-PAT systems and changes to default ioremap_nocache()
behaviour could regress drivers.

Now, ideally we'd use ioremap_nocache() on the regions in which
we'd need uncachable memory types and avoid any MTRRs on those
regions. There are however some restrictions on MTRRs use, such
as the requirement of having the base and size of variable sized
MTRRs to be powers of two, which could mean having to use a WC
MTRR over a large area which includes a region in which
write-combining effects are undesirable.

Add ioremap_uc() to help with the both phasing out of MTRR use
and also provide a way to blacklist small WC undesirable regions
in devices with mixed regions which are size-implicated to use
large WC MTRRs. Use of ioremap_uc() helps phase out MTRR use by
avoiding regressions with an eventual flip of default behaviour
or ioremap_nocache() from UC- to UC.

Drivers working with WC MTRRs can use the below table to review
and consider the use of ioremap*() and similar helpers to ensure
appropriate behaviour long term even if default
ioremap_nocache() behaviour changes from UC- to UC.

Although ioremap_uc() is being added we leave set_memory_uc() to
use UC- as only initial memory type setup is required to be able
to accommodate existing device drivers and phase out MTRR use.
It should also be clarified that set_memory_uc() cannot be used
with IO memory, even though its use will not return any errors,
it really has no effect.

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  MTRR Non-PAT   PAT    Linux ioremap value        Effective memory type
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Non-PAT |  PAT
       PAT
       |PCD
       ||PWT
       |||
  WC   000      WB      _PAGE_CACHE_MODE_WB            WC   |   WC
  WC   001      WC      _PAGE_CACHE_MODE_WC            WC*  |   WC
  WC   010      UC-     _PAGE_CACHE_MODE_UC_MINUS      WC*  |   WC
  WC   011      UC      _PAGE_CACHE_MODE_UC            UC   |   UC
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Signed-off-by: NLuis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Antonino Daplas <adaplas@gmail.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Jean-Christophe Plagniol-Villard <plagnioj@jcrosoft.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <sbsiddha@gmail.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen@ti.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: Ville Syrjälä <syrjala@sci.fi>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linux-fbdev@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1430343851-967-2-git-send-email-mcgrof@do-not-panic.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1431332153-18566-9-git-send-email-bp@alien8.deSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Instead of directly using the cache mode bits in the pte switch to
using the cache mode type.
Based-on-patch-by: NStefan Bader <stefan.bader@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: NJuergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stefan.bader@canonical.com
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xensource.com
Cc: konrad.wilk@oracle.com
Cc: ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com
Cc: david.vrabel@citrix.com
Cc: jbeulich@suse.com
Cc: toshi.kani@hp.com
Cc: plagnioj@jcrosoft.com
Cc: tomi.valkeinen@ti.com
Cc: bhelgaas@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1415019724-4317-13-git-send-email-jgross@suse.comSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

The xlate_dev_{kmem,mem}_ptr() functions take either a physical address
or a kernel virtual address, so data types should be phys_addr_t and
void *. They both return a kernel virtual address which is only ever
used in calls to copy_{from,to}_user(), so make variables that store it
void * rather than char * for consistency.

Also only define a weak unxlate_dev_mem_ptr() function if architectures
haven't overridden them in the asm/io.h header file.
Signed-off-by: NThierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>

write{b,w,l,q}_relaxed are implemented by some architectures in order to
permit memory-mapped I/O accesses with weaker barrier semantics than the
non-relaxed variants.

This patch adds dummy macros for the write accessors to x86, in the
same vein as the dummy definitions for the relaxed read accessors.

Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

Move x86 over to the generic early ioremap implementation.
Signed-off-by: NMark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@amd.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch series takes the common bits from the x86 early ioremap
implementation and creates a generic implementation which may be used by
other architectures.  The early ioremap interfaces are intended for
situations where boot code needs to make temporary virtual mappings
before the normal ioremap interfaces are available.  Typically, this
means before paging_init() has run.

This patch (of 6):

There's a lot of sparse warnings for code like below: void *a =
early_memremap(phys_addr, size);

early_memremap intend to map kernel memory with ioremap facility, the
return pointer should be a kernel ram pointer instead of iomem one.

For making the function clearer and supressing sparse warnings this patch
do below two things:
1. cast to (__force void *) for the return value of early_memremap
2. add early_memunmap function and pass (__force void __iomem *) to iounmap

From Boris:
  "Ingo told me yesterday, it makes sense too.  I'd guess we can try it.
   FWIW, all callers of early_memremap use the memory they get remapped
   as normal memory so we should be safe"
Signed-off-by: NDave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NMark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@amd.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This was an optimization that made memcpy type benchmarks a little
faster on ancient (Circa 1998) IDT Winchip CPUs.  In real-life
workloads, it wasn't even noticable, and I doubt anyone is running
benchmarks on 16 year old silicon any more.

Given this code has likely seen very little use over the last decade,
let's just remove it.
Signed-off-by: NDave Jones <davej@fedoraproject.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Several drivers currently use mtrr_add through various #ifdef guards
and/or drm wrappers.  The vast majority of them want to add WC MTRRs
on x86 systems and don't actually need the MTRR if PAT (i.e.
ioremap_wc, etc) are working.

arch_phys_wc_add and arch_phys_wc_del are new functions, available
on all architectures and configurations, that add WC MTRRs on x86 if
needed (and handle errors) and do nothing at all otherwise.  They're
also easier to use than mtrr_add and mtrr_del, so the call sites can
be simplified.

As an added benefit, this will avoid wasting MTRRs and possibly
warning pointlessly on PAT-supporting systems.
Reviewed-by: NDaniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Signed-off-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: NDave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>

Dmitry Kasatkin reports:
  "kernel-devel package with kernel headers have no <include/xen>
   directory if XEN is disabled.  Modules which inclide asm/io.h won't
   compile.

   XEN related content is behind the CONFIG_XEN flag in the io.h.  And
   <xen/xen.h> should be also behind CONFIG_XEN flag."

So move the include of <xen/xen.h> down into the section that is
conditional on CONFIG_XEN.
Reported-by: NDmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The presense of a writeq() implementation on 32-bit x86 that splits the
64-bit write into two 32-bit writes turns out to break the mpt2sas driver
(and in general is risky for drivers as was discussed in
<http://lkml.kernel.org/r/adaab6c1h7c.fsf@cisco.com>).  To fix this,
revert 2c5643b1 ("x86: provide readq()/writeq() on 32-bit too") and
follow-on cleanups.

This unfortunately leads to pushing non-atomic definitions of readq() and
write() to various x86-only drivers that in the meantime started using the
definitions in the x86 version of <asm/io.h>.  However as discussed
exhaustively, this is actually the right thing to do, because the right
way to split a 64-bit transaction is hardware dependent and therefore
belongs in the hardware driver (eg mpt2sas needs a spinlock to make sure
no other accesses occur in between the two halves of the access).

Build tested on 32- and 64-bit x86 allmodconfig.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/x86-32-writeq-is-broken@mdm.bga.comAcked-by: NHitoshi Mitake <h.mitake@gmail.com>
Cc: Kashyap Desai <Kashyap.Desai@lsi.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Ravi Anand <ravi.anand@qlogic.com>
Cc: Vikas Chaudhary <vikas.chaudhary@qlogic.com>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason Uhlenkott <juhlenko@akamai.com>
Acked-by: NJames Bottomley <James.Bottomley@parallels.com>
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NRoland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Impact: allow Xen control of bio merging

When running in Xen domain with device access, we need to make sure
the block subsystem doesn't merge requests across pages which aren't
machine physically contiguous.  To do this, we define our own
BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE.  When CONFIG_XEN isn't enabled, or we're not
running in a Xen domain, this has identical behaviour to the normal
implementation.  When running under Xen, we also make sure the
underlying machine pages are the same or adjacent.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Xen requires that all pages containing pagetable entries to be mapped
read-only.  If pages used for the initial pagetable are already mapped
then we can change the mapping to RO.  However, if they are initially
unmapped, we need to make sure that when they are later mapped, they
are also mapped RO.

We do this by knowing that the kernel pagetable memory is pre-allocated
in the range e820_table_start - e820_table_end, so any pfn within this
range should be mapped read-only.  However, the pagetable setup code
early_ioremaps the pages to write their entries, so we must make sure
that mappings created in the early_ioremap fixmap area are mapped RW.
(Those mappings are removed before the pages are presented to Xen
as pagetable pages.)
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
LKML-Reference: <4CB63A80.8060702@goop.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

During the reading of /proc/vmcore the kernel is doing
ioremap()/iounmap() repeatedly. And the buildup of un-flushed
vm_area_struct's is causing a great deal of overhead. (rb_next()
is chewing up most of that time).

This solution is to provide function set_iounmap_nonlazy(). It
causes a subsequent call to iounmap() to immediately purge the
vma area (with try_purge_vmap_area_lazy()).

With this patch we have seen the time for writing a 250MB
compressed dump drop from 71 seconds to 44 seconds.
Signed-off-by: NCliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: kexec@lists.infradead.org
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <E1OwHZ4-0005WK-Tw@eag09.americas.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

When specifying the 'reservetop=0xbadc0de' kernel parameter,
the kernel will stop booting due to a early_ioremap bug that
relates to commit 8827247f.

The root cause of boot failure problem is the value of
'slot_virt[i]' was initialized in setup_arch->early_ioremap_init().
But later in setup_arch, the function 'parse_early_param' will
modify 'FIXADDR_TOP' when 'reservetop=0xbadc0de' being specified.

The simplest fix might be use __fix_to_virt(idx0) to get updated
value of 'FIXADDR_TOP' in '__early_ioremap' instead of reference
old value from slot_virt[slot] directly.

Changelog since v0:

-v1: When reservetop being handled then FIXADDR_TOP get
     adjusted, Hence check prev_map then re-initialize slot_virt and
     PMD based on new FIXADDR_TOP.

-v2: place fixup_early_ioremap hence call early_ioremap_init in
     reserve_top_address  to re-initialize slot_virt and
     corresponding PMD when parse_reservertop

-v3: move fixup_early_ioremap out of reserve_top_address to make
     sure other clients of reserve_top_address like xen/lguest won't
     broken
Signed-off-by: NLiang Li <liang.li@windriver.com>
Tested-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: Wang Chen <wangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <1272621711-8683-1-git-send-email-liang.li@windriver.com>
[ fixed three small cleanliness details in fixup_early_ioremap() ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

io_32.h and io_64.h are now identical.  Merge them into io.h.
Signed-off-by: NBrian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <1265380629-3212-8-git-send-email-brgerst@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

Impact: fix kprobes crash on 32-bit with RAM above 4G

Use phys_addr_t for receiving a physical address argument
instead of unsigned long. This allows fixmap to handle
pages higher than 4GB on x86-32.
Signed-off-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: systemtap-ml <systemtap@sources.redhat.com>
Cc: Gary Hade <garyhade@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <49DE3695.6040800@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The function seems to have disappeared at some point, leaving
some vestigial prototypes behind...
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: Cleanup; fix inappropriate macro use

ISA addresses on x86 are mapped 1:1 with the physical address space.
Since the ISA address space is only 24 bits (32 for VLB or LPC) it
will always fit in an unsigned int, and at least in the aha1542 driver
using a wider type would cause an undesirable promotion.  Hence
explicitly cast the ISA bus addresses to unsigned int.
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@hansenpartnership.com>

Commit 976e8f67 ("x86: asm/io.h: unify
virt_to_phys/phys_to_virt") changed the return of virt_to_phys from long
to phys_addr_t which is unsigned long long on a PAE platform.

So, I could suggest a fix below since isa addresses may never be above
32 bits.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: unify identical code

asm/io_32.h and _64.h have identical prototypes for the ioremap family
of functions.  The 32-bit header had a more descriptive comment.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>

Impact: unify identical code

asm/io_32.h and _64.h has functionally identical definitions for
virt_to_phys, phys_to_virt, page_to_phys, and the isa_* variants, so
just unify them.

The only slightly functional change is using phys_addr_t for the
physical address argument and return val.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>

Impact: Cleanup (trivial unification)

Move common define IO_SPACE_LIMIT from <asm/io_*.h> to <asm/io.h>.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

Impact: fix/extend ioremap_wc() beyond 4GB aperture on 32-bit

ioremap_wc() was taking in unsigned long parameter, where as it should take
64-bit resource_size_t parameter like other ioremap variants.
Signed-off-by: NVenkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NSuresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Debugging and original patch from Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>

The early fixmap pmd entry inserted at the very top of the KVA is causing the
subsequent fixmap mapping code to not provide physically linear pte pages over
the kmap atomic portion of the fixmap (which relies on said property to
calculate pte addresses).

This has caused weird boot failures in kmap_atomic much later in the boot
process (initial userspace faults) on a 32-bit PAE system with a larger number
of CPUs (smaller CPU counts tend not to run over into the next page so don't
show up the problem).

Solve this by attempting to clear out the page table, and copy any of its
entries to the new one. Also, add a bug if a nonlinear condition is encountered
and can't be resolved, which might save some hours of debugging if this fragile
scheme ever breaks again...

Once we have such logic, we can also use it to eliminate the early ioremap
trickery around the page table setup for the fixmap area. This also fixes
potential issues with FIX_* entries sharing the leaf page table with the early
ioremap ones getting discarded by early_ioremap_clear() and not restored by
early_ioremap_reset(). It at once eliminates the temporary (and configuration,
namely NR_CPUS, dependent) unavailability of early fixed mappings during the
time the fixmap area page tables get constructed.

Finally, also replace the hard coded calculation of the initial table space
needed for the fixmap area with a proper one, allowing kernels configured for
large CPU counts to actually boot.

Based-on: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup, remove dead code

The block layer dropped the virtual merge feature
(b8b3e16c).

BIO_VMERGE_BOUNDARY definition is meaningless now.
Signed-off-by: NFUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Acked-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

if HAVE_READQ/HAVE_WRITEQ are defined, the full range of readq/writeq
APIs has to be provided to drivers:

 drivers/infiniband/hw/amso1100/c2.c: In function 'c2_tx_ring_alloc':
 drivers/infiniband/hw/amso1100/c2.c:133: error: implicit declaration of function '__raw_writeq'

So provide them on 32-bit as well. Also, map all the APIs to the
strongest ordering variant. It's way too easy to mess such details
up in drivers and the difference between "memory" and "" constrained
asm() constructs is in the noise range.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: add new API for drivers

Add implementation of readq/writeq to x86_32, and add config value to
the x86 architecture to determine existence of readq/writeq.
Signed-off-by: NHitoshi Mitake <h.mitake@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NSam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: some new sparse warnings in e820.c etc, but no functional change.

As with regular ioremap, iounmap etc, annotate with __iomem.

Fixes the following sparse warnings, will produce some new ones
elsewhere in arch/x86 that will get worked out over time.

arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:402:9: warning: cast removes address space of expression
arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:406:10: warning: cast adds address space to expression (<asn:2>)
arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:782:19: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer
Signed-off-by: NHarvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Change header guards named "ASM_X86__*" to "_ASM_X86_*" since:

a. the double underscore is ugly and pointless.
b. no leading underscore violates namespace constraints.
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

early_ioremap() is also used to map normal memory when constructing
the linear memory mapping.  However, since we sometimes need to be able
to distinguish between actual IO mappings and normal memory mappings,
add a early_memremap() call, which maps with PAGE_KERNEL (as opposed
to PAGE_KERNEL_IO for early_ioremap()), and use it when constructing
pagetables.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

early_ioremap() is redeclared in several places; remove them.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Building 2.6.27-rc1 on x86 with gcc-3.2.3 fails with:

In file included from include/asm/dma.h:12,
                 from include/linux/bootmem.h:8,
                 from init/main.c:26:
include/asm/io.h: In function `readb':
include/asm/io.h:32: syntax error before string constant
include/asm/io.h: In function `readw':
include/asm/io.h:33: syntax error before string constant
include/asm/io.h: In function `readl':
include/asm/io.h:34: syntax error before string constant
include/asm/io.h: In function `__readb':
include/asm/io.h:36: syntax error before string constant
include/asm/io.h: In function `__readw':
include/asm/io.h:37: syntax error before string constant
include/asm/io.h: In function `__readl':
include/asm/io.h:38: syntax error before string constant
make[1]: *** [init/main.o] Error 1
make: *** [init] Error 2

Starting with 2.6.27-rc1 readb() et al are generated by a
build_mmio_read() macro, which generates asm() statements with
output register constraints like "=" "q", i.e. as two adjacent
string literals. This doesn't work with gcc-3.2.3.

Fixed by moving the "=" part into the callers' reg parameter
(as suggested by Ingo).

Build and boot-tested with gcc-3.2.3 on 32 and 64-bit x86.

Fixes <http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11205>.
Signed-off-by: NMikael Pettersson <mikpe@it.uu.se>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>