If it is necessary to kick the grace-period kthread, that is a good
time to dump the trace buffer in order to learn why kicking was needed.
This commit therefore does the dump.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Currently, we have four versions of rcu_read_lock_sched_held(), depending
on the combined choices on PREEMPT_COUNT and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC.  However,
there is an existing function preemptible() that already distinguishes
between the PREEMPT_COUNT=y and PREEMPT_COUNT=n cases, and allows these
four implementations to be consolidated down to two.

This commit therefore uses preemptible() to achieve this consolidation.

Note that there could be a small performance regression in the case
of CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC=y && PREEMPT_COUNT=n.  However, given the
overhead associated with CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC=y, this should be
down in the noise.
Signed-off-by: NBoqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Recent kernels can fail to awaken the grace-period kthread for
quiescent-state forcing.  This commit is a crude hack that does
a wakeup if a scheduling-clock interrupt sees that it has been
too long since force-quiescent-state (FQS) processing.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Currently, the force-quiescent-state (FQS) code in rcu_gp_kthread() can
advance the next FQS even if one was not executed last time.  This can
happen due timeout-duration uncertainty.  This commit therefore avoids
advancing the FQS schedule unless an FQS was just executed.  In the
corner case where an FQS was not executed, but is due now, the code does
a one-jiffy wait.

This change prepares for kthread kicking.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Recent kernels can fail to awaken the grace-period kthread for
quiescent-state forcing.  This commit is a crude hack that does
a wakeup any time a stall is detected.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This commit consolidates a couple definitions and several calls for
single-shot ftrace-buffer dumping.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

kcov provides code coverage collection for coverage-guided fuzzing
(randomized testing).  Coverage-guided fuzzing is a testing technique
that uses coverage feedback to determine new interesting inputs to a
system.  A notable user-space example is AFL
(http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/).  However, this technique is not
widely used for kernel testing due to missing compiler and kernel
support.

kcov does not aim to collect as much coverage as possible.  It aims to
collect more or less stable coverage that is function of syscall inputs.
To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard
interrupts and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic or
non-interesting parts of kernel is disbled (e.g.  scheduler, locking).

Currently there is a single coverage collection mode (tracing), but the
API anticipates additional collection modes.  Initially I also
implemented a second mode which exposes coverage in a fixed-size hash
table of counters (what Quentin used in his original patch).  I've
dropped the second mode for simplicity.

This patch adds the necessary support on kernel side.  The complimentary
compiler support was added in gcc revision 231296.

We've used this support to build syzkaller system call fuzzer, which has
found 90 kernel bugs in just 2 months:

  https://github.com/google/syzkaller/wiki/Found-Bugs

We've also found 30+ bugs in our internal systems with syzkaller.
Another (yet unexplored) direction where kcov coverage would greatly
help is more traditional "blob mutation".  For example, mounting a
random blob as a filesystem, or receiving a random blob over wire.

Why not gcov.  Typical fuzzing loop looks as follows: (1) reset
coverage, (2) execute a bit of code, (3) collect coverage, repeat.  A
typical coverage can be just a dozen of basic blocks (e.g.  an invalid
input).  In such context gcov becomes prohibitively expensive as
reset/collect coverage steps depend on total number of basic
blocks/edges in program (in case of kernel it is about 2M).  Cost of
kcov depends only on number of executed basic blocks/edges.  On top of
that, kernel requires per-thread coverage because there are always
background threads and unrelated processes that also produce coverage.
With inlined gcov instrumentation per-thread coverage is not possible.

kcov exposes kernel PCs and control flow to user-space which is
insecure.  But debugfs should not be mapped as user accessible.

Based on a patch by Quentin Casasnovas.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make task_struct.kcov_mode have type `enum kcov_mode']
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: unbreak allmodconfig]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: follow x86 Makefile layout standards]
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@google.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Quentin Casasnovas <quentin.casasnovas@oracle.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

$ make tags
  GEN     tags
ctags: Warning: drivers/acpi/processor_idle.c:64: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: drivers/xen/events/events_2l.c:41: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: kernel/locking/lockdep.c:151: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c:133: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c:135: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: kernel/workqueue.c:323: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: net/ipv4/syncookies.c:53: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: net/ipv6/syncookies.c:44: null expansion of name pattern "\1"
ctags: Warning: net/rds/page.c:45: null expansion of name pattern "\1"

Which are all the result of the DEFINE_PER_CPU pattern:

  scripts/tags.sh:200:	'/\<DEFINE_PER_CPU([^,]*, *\([[:alnum:]_]*\)/\1/v/'
  scripts/tags.sh:201:	'/\<DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED([^,]*, *\([[:alnum:]_]*\)/\1/v/'

The below cures them. All except the workqueue one are within reasonable
distance of the 80 char limit. TJ do you have any preference on how to
fix the wq one, or shall we just not care its too long?
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Make the RCU CPU_DYING_IDLE callback an explicit function call, so it gets
invoked at the proper place.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: "Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa@mit.edu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160226182341.870167933@linutronix.deSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

As of commit dae6e64d ("rcu: Introduce proper blocking to no-CBs kthreads
GP waits") the RCU subsystem started making use of wait queues.

Here we convert all additions of RCU wait queues to use simple wait queues,
since they don't need the extra overhead of the full wait queue features.

Originally this was done for RT kernels[1], since we would get things like...

  BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/rtmutex.c:659
  in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, pid: 8, name: rcu_preempt
  Pid: 8, comm: rcu_preempt Not tainted
  Call Trace:
   [<ffffffff8106c8d0>] __might_sleep+0xd0/0xf0
   [<ffffffff817d77b4>] rt_spin_lock+0x24/0x50
   [<ffffffff8106fcf6>] __wake_up+0x36/0x70
   [<ffffffff810c4542>] rcu_gp_kthread+0x4d2/0x680
   [<ffffffff8105f910>] ? __init_waitqueue_head+0x50/0x50
   [<ffffffff810c4070>] ? rcu_gp_fqs+0x80/0x80
   [<ffffffff8105eabb>] kthread+0xdb/0xe0
   [<ffffffff8106b912>] ? finish_task_switch+0x52/0x100
   [<ffffffff817e0754>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
   [<ffffffff8105e9e0>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x60/0x60
   [<ffffffff817e0750>] ? gs_change+0xb/0xb

...and hence simple wait queues were deployed on RT out of necessity
(as simple wait uses a raw lock), but mainline might as well take
advantage of the more streamline support as well.

[1] This is a carry forward of work from v3.10-rt; the original conversion
was by Thomas on an earlier -rt version, and Sebastian extended it to
additional post-3.10 added RCU waiters; here I've added a commit log and
unified the RCU changes into one, and uprev'd it to match mainline RCU.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Wagner <daniel.wagner@bmw-carit.de>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-rt-users@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455871601-27484-6-git-send-email-wagi@monom.orgSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

rcu_nocb_gp_cleanup() is called while holding rnp->lock. Currently,
this is okay because the wake_up_all() in rcu_nocb_gp_cleanup() will
not enable the IRQs. lockdep is happy.

By switching over using swait this is not true anymore. swake_up_all()
enables the IRQs while processing the waiters. __do_softirq() can now
run and will eventually call rcu_process_callbacks() which wants to
grap nrp->lock.

Let's move the rcu_nocb_gp_cleanup() call outside the lock before we
switch over to swait.

If we would hold the rnp->lock and use swait, lockdep reports
following:

 =================================
 [ INFO: inconsistent lock state ]
 4.2.0-rc5-00025-g9a73ba0 #136 Not tainted
 ---------------------------------
 inconsistent {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} -> {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} usage.
 rcu_preempt/8 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE1:SE1] takes:
  (rcu_node_1){+.?...}, at: [<ffffffff811387c7>] rcu_gp_kthread+0xb97/0xeb0
 {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} state was registered at:
   [<ffffffff81109b9f>] __lock_acquire+0xd5f/0x21e0
   [<ffffffff8110be0f>] lock_acquire+0xdf/0x2b0
   [<ffffffff81841cc9>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x59/0xa0
   [<ffffffff81136991>] rcu_process_callbacks+0x141/0x3c0
   [<ffffffff810b1a9d>] __do_softirq+0x14d/0x670
   [<ffffffff810b2214>] irq_exit+0x104/0x110
   [<ffffffff81844e96>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x46/0x60
   [<ffffffff81842e70>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x70/0x80
   [<ffffffff810dba66>] rq_attach_root+0xa6/0x100
   [<ffffffff810dbc2d>] cpu_attach_domain+0x16d/0x650
   [<ffffffff810e4b42>] build_sched_domains+0x942/0xb00
   [<ffffffff821777c2>] sched_init_smp+0x509/0x5c1
   [<ffffffff821551e3>] kernel_init_freeable+0x172/0x28f
   [<ffffffff8182cdce>] kernel_init+0xe/0xe0
   [<ffffffff8184231f>] ret_from_fork+0x3f/0x70
 irq event stamp: 76
 hardirqs last  enabled at (75): [<ffffffff81841330>] _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x30/0x60
 hardirqs last disabled at (76): [<ffffffff8184116f>] _raw_spin_lock_irq+0x1f/0x90
 softirqs last  enabled at (0): [<ffffffff810a8df2>] copy_process.part.26+0x602/0x1cf0
 softirqs last disabled at (0): [<          (null)>]           (null)
 other info that might help us debug this:
  Possible unsafe locking scenario:
        CPU0
        ----
   lock(rcu_node_1);
   <Interrupt>
     lock(rcu_node_1);
  *** DEADLOCK ***
 1 lock held by rcu_preempt/8:
  #0:  (rcu_node_1){+.?...}, at: [<ffffffff811387c7>] rcu_gp_kthread+0xb97/0xeb0
 stack backtrace:
 CPU: 0 PID: 8 Comm: rcu_preempt Not tainted 4.2.0-rc5-00025-g9a73ba0 #136
 Hardware name: Dell Inc. PowerEdge R820/066N7P, BIOS 2.0.20 01/16/2014
  0000000000000000 000000006d7e67d8 ffff881fb081fbd8 ffffffff818379e0
  0000000000000000 ffff881fb0812a00 ffff881fb081fc38 ffffffff8110813b
  0000000000000000 0000000000000001 ffff881f00000001 ffffffff8102fa4f
 Call Trace:
  [<ffffffff818379e0>] dump_stack+0x4f/0x7b
  [<ffffffff8110813b>] print_usage_bug+0x1db/0x1e0
  [<ffffffff8102fa4f>] ? save_stack_trace+0x2f/0x50
  [<ffffffff811087ad>] mark_lock+0x66d/0x6e0
  [<ffffffff81107790>] ? check_usage_forwards+0x150/0x150
  [<ffffffff81108898>] mark_held_locks+0x78/0xa0
  [<ffffffff81841330>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x30/0x60
  [<ffffffff81108a28>] trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x168/0x220
  [<ffffffff81108aed>] trace_hardirqs_on+0xd/0x10
  [<ffffffff81841330>] _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x30/0x60
  [<ffffffff810fd1c7>] swake_up_all+0xb7/0xe0
  [<ffffffff811386e1>] rcu_gp_kthread+0xab1/0xeb0
  [<ffffffff811089bf>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0xff/0x220
  [<ffffffff81841341>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x41/0x60
  [<ffffffff81137c30>] ? rcu_barrier+0x20/0x20
  [<ffffffff810d2014>] kthread+0x104/0x120
  [<ffffffff81841330>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x30/0x60
  [<ffffffff810d1f10>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x260/0x260
  [<ffffffff8184231f>] ret_from_fork+0x3f/0x70
  [<ffffffff810d1f10>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x260/0x260
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Wagner <daniel.wagner@bmw-carit.de>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-rt-users@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1455871601-27484-5-git-send-email-wagi@monom.orgSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

This commit exports rcu_gp_is_normal() in order to allow it to be used
by rcutorture and rcuperf.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The Kconfig currently controlling compilation of this code is:

init/Kconfig:config TINY_RCU
init/Kconfig:   bool

...meaning that it currently is not being built as a module by anyone.

Lets remove the modular code that is essentially orphaned, so that
when reading the code there is no doubt it is builtin-only.

Since module_init translates to device_initcall in the non-modular
case, the init ordering remains unchanged with this commit.  We could
consider moving this to an earlier initcall (subsys?) if desired.

We also delete the MODULE_LICENSE tag etc. since all that information
is already contained at the top of the file in the comments.

Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

In patch:

"rcu: Add transitivity to remaining rcu_node ->lock acquisitions"

All locking operations on rcu_node::lock are replaced with the wrappers
because of the need of transitivity, which indicates we should never
write code using LOCK primitives alone(i.e. without a proper barrier
following) on rcu_node::lock outside those wrappers. We could detect
this kind of misuses on rcu_node::lock in the future by adding __private
modifier on rcu_node::lock.

To privatize rcu_node::lock, unlock wrappers are also needed. Replacing
spinlock unlocks with these wrappers not only privatizes rcu_node::lock
but also makes it easier to figure out critical sections of rcu_node.

This patch adds __private modifier to rcu_node::lock and makes every
access to it wrapped by ACCESS_PRIVATE(). Besides, unlock wrappers are
added and raw_spin_unlock(&rnp->lock) and its friends are replaced with
those wrappers.
Signed-off-by: NBoqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The related warning from gcc 6.0:

  In file included from kernel/rcu/tree.c:4630:0:
  kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h:810:40: warning: ‘rcu_data_p’ defined but not used [-Wunused-const-variable]
   static struct rcu_data __percpu *const rcu_data_p = &rcu_sched_data;
                                          ^~~~~~~~~~

Also remove always redundant rcu_data_p in tree.c.
Signed-off-by: NChen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The "Disabled dynamic grace-period expediting" console message is
currently printed unconditionally.  This commit causes it to be
output only when it is impossible to switch between normal and
expedited grace periods, which was the original intent.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Commit #e3663b10 ("rcu: Handle gpnum/completed wrap while dyntick
idle") sets rdp->gpwrap on the wrong side of the "if" statement in
dyntick_save_progress_counter(), that is, it sets it when the CPU is
not idle instead of when it is idle.  Of course, if the CPU is not idle,
its rdp->gpnum won't be lagging beind the global rsp->gpnum, which means
that rdp->gpwrap will never be set.

This commit therefore moves this code to the proper leg of that "if"
statement.  This change means that the "else" cause is just "return 0"
and the "then" clause ends with "return 1", so also move the "return 0"
to follow the "if", dropping the "else" clause.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Commit 4a81e832 ("Reduce overhead of cond_resched() checks for RCU")
handles the error case where a nohz_full loops indefinitely in the kernel
with the scheduling-clock interrupt disabled.  However, this handling
includes IPIing the CPU running the offending loop, which is not what
we want for real-time workloads.  And there are starting to be real-time
CPU-bound in-kernel workloads, and these must be handled without IPIing
the CPU, at least not in the common case.  Therefore, this situation can
no longer be dismissed as an error case.

This commit therefore splits the handling out, so that the setting of
bits in the per-CPU rcu_sched_qs_mask variable is done relatively early,
but if the problem persists, resched_cpu() is eventually used to IPI the
CPU containing the offending loop.  Assuming that in-kernel CPU-bound
loops used by real-time tasks contain frequent calls cond_resched_rcu_qs()
(as in more than once per few tens of milliseconds), the real-time tasks
will never be IPIed.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The header comment for rcu_report_qs_rsp() was obsolete, dating well
before the advent of RCU grace-period kthreads.  This commit therefore
brings this comment back into alignment with current reality.
Reported-by: NLihao Liang <lihao.liang@cs.ox.ac.uk>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

A zero seems to have escaped earlier true/false substitution efforts,
so this commit changes 0 to false for the ->core_needs_qs boolean field.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The return value from rcu_gp_init() is always used as a bool, so
this commit makes it be a bool.
Reported-by: NIftekhar Ahmed <ahmedi@oregonstate.edu>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This patch removes a potential deadlock hazard by moving the
wake_up_process() in rcu_spawn_gp_kthread() out from under rnp->lock.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This commit replaces a local_irq_save()/local_irq_restore() pair with
a lockdep assertion that interrupts are already disabled.  This should
remove the corresponding overhead from the interrupt entry/exit fastpaths.

This change was inspired by the fact that Iftekhar Ahmed's mutation
testing showed that removing rcu_irq_enter()'s call to local_ird_restore()
had no effect, which might indicate that interrupts were always enabled
anyway.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The cpu_needs_another_gp() function is currently of type int, but only
returns zero or one.  Bow to reality and make it be of type bool.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Now that the rcu_state structure's ->rda field is compile-time initialized,
there is no need to pass the per-CPU rcu_data structure into rcu_init_one().
This commit therefore eliminates this now-unused parameter.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The rcu_expedited, rcu_normal, and rcu_normal_after_boot kernel boot
parameters are pointless in the case of TINY_RCU because in that case
synchronous grace periods, both expedited and normal, are no-ops.
However, these three symbols contribute several hundred bytes of bloat.
This commit therefore uses CPP directives to avoid compiling this code
in TINY_RCU kernels.
Reported-by: Nkbuild test robot <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

Currently, ->gp_state is printed as an integer, which slows debugging.
This commit therefore prints a symbolic name in addition to the integer.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Updated to fix relational operator called out by Dan Carpenter. ]
[ paulmck: More "const", as suggested by Josh Triplett. ]
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

Currently, rcu_torture_writer_state is printed as an integer, which slows
debugging.  This commit therefore prints a symbolic name in addition to
the integer.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: More "const", as suggested by Josh Triplett. ]
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

This commit increases debug information in the case where the grace-period
kthread is being prevented from running by dumping that kthread's stack.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Split into prior commit and this commit, as suggested by
  Josh Triplett. ]
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

Currently, if the RCU grace-period kthread has not yet been created,
in which case the starvation-check code will print zero for the state,
which maps to TASK_RUNNING.  This could clearly be quite confusing, so
this commit prints ~0, which does not map to any legal ->state value.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

We need the scheduler's fastpaths to be, well, fast, and unnecessarily
disabling and re-enabling interrupts is not necessarily consistent with
this goal.  Especially given that there are regions of the scheduler that
already have interrupts disabled.

This commit therefore moves the call to rcu_note_context_switch()
to one of the interrupts-disabled regions of the scheduler, and
removes the now-redundant disabling and re-enabling of interrupts from
rcu_note_context_switch() and the functions it calls.
Reported-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Shift rcu_note_context_switch() to avoid deadlock, as suggested
  by Peter Zijlstra. ]

Currently, rcu_prepare_for_idle() checks for tick_nohz_active, even on
individual NOCBs CPUs, unless all CPUs are marked as NOCBs CPUs at build
time.  This check is pointless on NOCBs CPUs because they never have any
callbacks posted, given that all of their callbacks are handed off to the
corresponding rcuo kthread.  There is a check for individually designated
NOCBs CPUs, but it pointelessly follows the check for tick_nohz_active.

This commit therefore moves the check for individually designated NOCBs
CPUs up with the check for CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU_ALL.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This function no longer has #ifdefs, so this commit removes the
header comment calling them out.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Several releases have come and gone without the warning triggering,
so remove the lock-acquisition loop.  Retain the WARN_ON_ONCE()
out of sheer paranoia.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

This commit applies an early-exit approach to rcu_sched_qs(), reducing
the nesting level and saving a line of code.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The Kconfig currently controlling compilation of this code is:

init/Kconfig:config TREE_RCU_TRACE
init/Kconfig:   def_bool RCU_TRACE && ( TREE_RCU || PREEMPT_RCU )

...meaning that it currently is not being built as a module by anyone.

Lets remove the modular code that is essentially orphaned, so that
when reading the file there is no doubt it is builtin-only.

Since module_init translates to device_initcall in the non-modular
case, the init ordering remains unchanged with this commit.  We could
consider moving this to an earlier initcall if desired.

We don't replace module.h with init.h since the file already has that.
We also delete the moduleparam.h include that is left over from
commit 64db4cff (""Tree RCU": scalable
classic RCU implementation") since it is not needed here either.

We morph some tags like MODULE_AUTHOR into the comments at the top of
the file for documentation purposes.

Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Currently, the rcu_node_class[], rcu_fqs_class[], and rcu_exp_class[]
arrays needlessly pollute the global namespace within tree.c.  This
commit therefore converts them to static local variables within
rcu_init_one().
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Expedited grace periods can speed up boot, but are undesirable in
aggressive real-time systems.  This commit therefore introduces a
kernel parameter rcupdate.rcu_normal_after_boot that disables
expedited grace periods just before init is spawned.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Although expedited grace periods can be quite useful, and although their
OS jitter has been greatly reduced, they can still pose problems for
extreme real-time workloads.  This commit therefore adds a rcu_normal
kernel boot parameter (which can also be manipulated via sysfs)
to suppress expedited grace periods, that is, to treat requests for
expedited grace periods as if they were requests for normal grace periods.
If both rcu_expedited and rcu_normal are specified, rcu_normal wins.
This means that if you are relying on expedited grace periods to speed up
boot, you will want to specify rcu_expedited on the kernel command line,
and then specify rcu_normal via sysfs once boot completes.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>