__any_online_cpu() is not optimal and also unnecessary.  So, replace its
use by faster cpumask_* operations.
Signed-off-by: NSrivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venki@google.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the on_each_cpu_cond() function that wraps on_each_cpu_mask() and
calculates the cpumask of cpus to IPI by calling a function supplied as a
parameter in order to determine whether to IPI each specific cpu.

The function works around allocation failure of cpumask variable in
CONFIG_CPUMASK_OFFSTACK=y by itereating over cpus sending an IPI a time
via smp_call_function_single().

The function is useful since it allows to seperate the specific code that
decided in each case whether to IPI a specific cpu for a specific request
from the common boilerplate code of handling creating the mask, handling
failures etc.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/gfpflags/gfp_flags/]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: avoid double-evaluation of `info' (per Michal), parenthesise evaluation of `cond_func']
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/CPU/CPUs, use all 80 cols in comment]
Signed-off-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.org>
Cc: Kosaki Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
Cc: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Reviewed-by: N"Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We have lots of infrastructure in place to partition multi-core systems
such that we have a group of CPUs that are dedicated to specific task:
cgroups, scheduler and interrupt affinity, and cpuisol= boot parameter.
Still, kernel code will at times interrupt all CPUs in the system via IPIs
for various needs.  These IPIs are useful and cannot be avoided
altogether, but in certain cases it is possible to interrupt only specific
CPUs that have useful work to do and not the entire system.

This patch set, inspired by discussions with Peter Zijlstra and Frederic
Weisbecker when testing the nohz task patch set, is a first stab at trying
to explore doing this by locating the places where such global IPI calls
are being made and turning the global IPI into an IPI for a specific group
of CPUs.  The purpose of the patch set is to get feedback if this is the
right way to go for dealing with this issue and indeed, if the issue is
even worth dealing with at all.  Based on the feedback from this patch set
I plan to offer further patches that address similar issue in other code
paths.

This patch creates an on_each_cpu_mask() and on_each_cpu_cond()
infrastructure API (the former derived from existing arch specific
versions in Tile and Arm) and uses them to turn several global IPI
invocation to per CPU group invocations.

Core kernel:

on_each_cpu_mask() calls a function on processors specified by cpumask,
which may or may not include the local processor.

You must not call this function with disabled interrupts or from a
hardware interrupt handler or from a bottom half handler.

arch/arm:

Note that the generic version is a little different then the Arm one:

1. It has the mask as first parameter
2. It calls the function on the calling CPU with interrupts disabled,
   but this should be OK since the function is called on the other CPUs
   with interrupts disabled anyway.

arch/tile:

The API is the same as the tile private one, but the generic version
also calls the function on the with interrupts disabled in UP case

This is OK since the function is called on the other CPUs
with interrupts disabled.
Signed-off-by: NGilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: NChris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.org>
Cc: Kosaki Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@gmail.com>
Cc: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Most system calls taking flags first check that the flags passed in are
valid, and that helps userspace to detect when new flags are supported.

But swapon never did so: start checking now, to help if we ever want to
support more swap_flags in future.

It's difficult to get stray bits set in an int, and swapon is not widely
used, so this is most unlikely to break any userspace; but we can just
revert if it turns out to do so.
Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Holepunching filesystems ext4 and xfs are using truncate_inode_pages_range
but forgetting to unmap pages first (ocfs2 remembers).  This is not really
a bug, since races already require truncate_inode_page() to handle that
case once the page is locked; but it can be very inefficient if the file
being punched happens to be mapped into many vmas.

Provide a drop-in replacement truncate_pagecache_range() which does the
unmapping pass first, handling the awkward mismatch between arguments to
truncate_inode_pages_range() and arguments to unmap_mapping_range().

Note that holepunching does not unmap privately COWed pages in the range:
POSIX requires that we do so when truncating, but it's hard to justify,
difficult to implement without an i_size cutoff, and no filesystem is
attempting to implement it.
Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Cc: Alex Elder <elder@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

skb_add_rx_frag() API is misleading.

Network skbs built with this helper can use uncharged kernel memory and
eventually stress/crash machine in OOM.

Add a 'truesize' parameter and then fix drivers in followup patches.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Wey-Yi Guy <wey-yi.w.guy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Process accounting applications as top, ps visit some files under
/proc/<pid>.  With seq_put_decimal_ull(), we can optimize /proc/<pid>/stat
and /proc/<pid>/statm files.

This patch adds
  - seq_put_decimal_ll() for signed values.
  - allow delimiter == 0.
  - convert seq_printf() to seq_put_decimal_ull/ll in /proc/stat, statm.

Test result on a system with 2000+ procs.

Before patch:
  [kamezawa@bluextal test]$ top -b -n 1 | wc -l
  2223
  [kamezawa@bluextal test]$ time top -b -n 1 > /dev/null

  real    0m0.675s
  user    0m0.044s
  sys     0m0.121s

  [kamezawa@bluextal test]$ time ps -elf > /dev/null

  real    0m0.236s
  user    0m0.056s
  sys     0m0.176s

After patch:
  kamezawa@bluextal ~]$ time top -b -n 1 > /dev/null

  real    0m0.657s
  user    0m0.052s
  sys     0m0.100s

  [kamezawa@bluextal ~]$ time ps -elf > /dev/null

  real    0m0.198s
  user    0m0.050s
  sys     0m0.145s

Considering top, ps tend to scan /proc periodically, this will reduce cpu
consumption by top/ps to some extent.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes]
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

== stat_check.py
num = 0
with open("/proc/stat") as f:
        while num < 1000 :
                data = f.read()
                f.seek(0, 0)
                num = num + 1
==

perf shows

    20.39%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] format_decode
    13.41%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] number
    12.61%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] vsnprintf
    10.85%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] memcpy
     4.85%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] radix_tree_lookup
     4.43%  stat_check.py  [kernel.kallsyms]    [k] seq_printf

This patch removes most of calls to vsnprintf() by adding num_to_str()
and seq_print_decimal_ull(), which prints decimal numbers without rich
functions provided by printf().

On my 8cpu box.
== Before patch ==
[root@bluextal test]# time ./stat_check.py

real    0m0.150s
user    0m0.026s
sys     0m0.121s

== After patch ==
[root@bluextal test]# time ./stat_check.py

real    0m0.055s
user    0m0.022s
sys     0m0.030s

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove incorrect comment, use less statck in num_to_str(), move comment from .h to .c, simplify seq_put_decimal_ull()]
[andrea@betterlinux.com: avoid breaking the ABI in /proc/stat]
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrea Righi <andrea@betterlinux.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since we no longer need the VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag, let's use the freed bit
for 'VM_NODUMP' flag.  The idea is is to add a new madvise() flag:
MADV_DONTDUMP, which can be set by applications to specifically request
memory regions which should not dump core.

The specific application I have in mind is qemu: we can add a flag there
that wouldn't dump all of guest memory when qemu dumps core.  This flag
might also be useful for security sensitive apps that want to absolutely
make sure that parts of memory are not dumped.  To clear the flag use:
MADV_DODUMP.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/MADV_NODUMP/MADV_DONTDUMP/, s/MADV_CLEAR_NODUMP/MADV_DODUMP/, per Roland]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up the architectures which broke]
Signed-off-by: NJason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NRoland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The motivation for this patchset was that I was looking at a way for a
qemu-kvm process, to exclude the guest memory from its core dump, which
can be quite large.  There are already a number of filter flags in
/proc/<pid>/coredump_filter, however, these allow one to specify 'types'
of kernel memory, not specific address ranges (which is needed in this
case).

Since there are no more vma flags available, the first patch eliminates
the need for the 'VM_ALWAYSDUMP' flag.  The flag is used internally by
the kernel to mark vdso and vsyscall pages.  However, it is simple
enough to check if a vma covers a vdso or vsyscall page without the need
for this flag.

The second patch then replaces the 'VM_ALWAYSDUMP' flag with a new
'VM_NODUMP' flag, which can be set by userspace using new madvise flags:
'MADV_DONTDUMP', and unset via 'MADV_DODUMP'.  The core dump filters
continue to work the same as before unless 'MADV_DONTDUMP' is set on the
region.

The qemu code which implements this features is at:

  http://people.redhat.com/~jbaron/qemu-dump/qemu-dump.patch

In my testing the qemu core dump shrunk from 383MB -> 13MB with this
patch.

I also believe that the 'MADV_DONTDUMP' flag might be useful for
security sensitive apps, which might want to select which areas are
dumped.

This patch:

The VM_ALWAYSDUMP flag is currently used by the coredump code to
indicate that a vma is part of a vsyscall or vdso section.  However, we
can determine if a vma is in one these sections by checking it against
the gate_vma and checking for a non-NULL return value from
arch_vma_name().  Thus, freeing a valuable vma bit.
Signed-off-by: NJason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NRoland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

No functional changes.  It is not sane to use UMH_KILLABLE with enum
umh_wait, but obviously we do not want another argument in
call_usermodehelper_* helpers.  Kill this enum, use the plain int.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Implement UMH_KILLABLE, should be used along with UMH_WAIT_EXEC/PROC.
The caller must ensure that subprocess_info->path/etc can not go away
until call_usermodehelper_freeinfo().

call_usermodehelper_exec(UMH_KILLABLE) does
wait_for_completion_killable.  If it fails, it uses
xchg(&sub_info->complete, NULL) to serialize with umh_complete() which
does the same xhcg() to access sub_info->complete.

If call_usermodehelper_exec wins, it can safely return.  umh_complete()
should get NULL and call call_usermodehelper_freeinfo().

Otherwise we know that umh_complete() was already called, in this case
call_usermodehelper_exec() falls back to wait_for_completion() which
should succeed "very soon".

Note: UMH_NO_WAIT == -1 but it obviously should not be used with
UMH_KILLABLE.  We delay the neccessary cleanup to simplify the back
porting.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

PTRACE_SEIZE code is tested and ready for production use, remove the
code which requires special bit in data argument to make PTRACE_SEIZE
work.

Strace team prepares for a new release of strace, and we would like to
ship the code which uses PTRACE_SEIZE, preferably after this change goes
into released kernel.
Signed-off-by: NDenys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

PTRACE_EVENT_foo and PTRACE_O_TRACEfoo used to match.

New PTRACE_EVENT_STOP is the first event which has no corresponding
PTRACE_O_TRACE option.  If we will ever want to add another such option,
its PTRACE_EVENT's value will collide with PTRACE_EVENT_STOP's value.

This patch changes PTRACE_EVENT_STOP value to prevent this.

While at it, added a comment - the one atop PTRACE_EVENT block, saying
"Wait extended result codes for the above trace options", is not true
for PTRACE_EVENT_STOP.
Signed-off-by: NDenys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Exchange PT_TRACESYSGOOD and PT_PTRACE_CAP bit positions, which makes
PT_option bits contiguous and therefore makes code in
ptrace_setoptions() much simpler.

Every PTRACE_O_TRACEevent is defined to (1 << PTRACE_EVENT_event)
instead of using explicit numeric constants, to ensure we don't mess up
relationship between bit positions and event ids.

PT_EVENT_FLAG_SHIFT was not particularly useful, PT_OPT_FLAG_SHIFT with
value of PT_EVENT_FLAG_SHIFT-1 is easier to use.

PT_TRACE_MASK constant is nuked, the only its use is replaced by
(PTRACE_O_MASK << PT_OPT_FLAG_SHIFT).
Signed-off-by: NDenys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ptrace_event(PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC) sends SIGTRAP if PT_TRACE_EXEC is not
set.  This is because this SIGTRAP predates PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC option,
we do not need/want this with PT_SEIZED which can set the options during
attach.
Suggested-by: NPedro Alves <palves@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Evans <scarybeasts@gmail.com>
Cc: Indan Zupancic <indan@nul.nu>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Another old/known problem.  If the tracee is killed after it reports
syscall_entry, it starts the syscall and debugger can't control this.
This confuses the users and this creates the security problems for
ptrace jailers.

Change tracehook_report_syscall_entry() to return non-zero if killed,
this instructs syscall_trace_enter() to abort the syscall.
Reported-by: NChris Evans <scarybeasts@gmail.com>
Tested-by: NIndan Zupancic <indan@nul.nu>
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In some cases the poll() implementation in a driver has to do different
things depending on the events the caller wants to poll for.  An example
is when a driver needs to start a DMA engine if the caller polls for
POLLIN, but doesn't want to do that if POLLIN is not requested but instead
only POLLOUT or POLLPRI is requested.  This is something that can happen
in the video4linux subsystem among others.

Unfortunately, the current epoll/poll/select implementation doesn't
provide that information reliably.  The poll_table_struct does have it: it
has a key field with the event mask.  But once a poll() call matches one
or more bits of that mask any following poll() calls are passed a NULL
poll_table pointer.

Also, the eventpoll implementation always left the key field at ~0 instead
of using the requested events mask.

This was changed in eventpoll.c so the key field now contains the actual
events that should be polled for as set by the caller.

The solution to the NULL poll_table pointer is to set the qproc field to
NULL in poll_table once poll() matches the events, not the poll_table
pointer itself.  That way drivers can obtain the mask through a new
poll_requested_events inline.

The poll_table_struct can still be NULL since some kernel code calls it
internally (netfs_state_poll() in ./drivers/staging/pohmelfs/netfs.h).  In
that case poll_requested_events() returns ~0 (i.e.  all events).

Very rarely drivers might want to know whether poll_wait will actually
wait.  If another earlier file descriptor in the set already matched the
events the caller wanted to wait for, then the kernel will return from the
select() call without waiting.  This might be useful information in order
to avoid doing expensive work.

A new helper function poll_does_not_wait() is added that drivers can use
to detect this situation.  This is now used in sock_poll_wait() in
include/net/sock.h.  This was the only place in the kernel that needed
this information.

Drivers should no longer access any of the poll_table internals, but use
the poll_requested_events() and poll_does_not_wait() access functions
instead.  In order to enforce that the poll_table fields are now prepended
with an underscore and a comment was added warning against using them
directly.

This required a change in unix_dgram_poll() in unix/af_unix.c which used
the key field to get the requested events.  It's been replaced by a call
to poll_requested_events().

For qproc it was especially important to change its name since the
behavior of that field changes with this patch since this function pointer
can now be NULL when that wasn't possible in the past.

Any driver accessing the qproc or key fields directly will now fail to compile.

Some notes regarding the correctness of this patch: the driver's poll()
function is called with a 'struct poll_table_struct *wait' argument.  This
pointer may or may not be NULL, drivers can never rely on it being one or
the other as that depends on whether or not an earlier file descriptor in
the select()'s fdset matched the requested events.

There are only three things a driver can do with the wait argument:

1) obtain the key field:

	events = wait ? wait->key : ~0;

   This will still work although it should be replaced with the new
   poll_requested_events() function (which does exactly the same).
   This will now even work better, since wait is no longer set to NULL
   unnecessarily.

2) use the qproc callback. This could be deadly since qproc can now be
   NULL. Renaming qproc should prevent this from happening. There are no
   kernel drivers that actually access this callback directly, BTW.

3) test whether wait == NULL to determine whether poll would return without
   waiting. This is no longer sufficient as the correct test is now
   wait == NULL || wait->_qproc == NULL.

   However, the worst that can happen here is a slight performance hit in
   the case where wait != NULL and wait->_qproc == NULL. In that case the
   driver will assume that poll_wait() will actually add the fd to the set
   of waiting file descriptors. Of course, poll_wait() will not do that
   since it tests for wait->_qproc. This will not break anything, though.

   There is only one place in the whole kernel where this happens
   (sock_poll_wait() in include/net/sock.h) and that code will be replaced
   by a call to poll_does_not_wait() in the next patch.

   Note that even if wait->_qproc != NULL drivers cannot rely on poll_wait()
   actually waiting. The next file descriptor from the set might match the
   event mask and thus any possible waits will never happen.
Signed-off-by: NHans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com>
Reviewed-by: NJonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Reviewed-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
Signed-off-by: NHans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Reuse the existing crc32 code to stamp out a crc32c implementation.
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <djwong@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Bob Pearson <rpearson@systemfabricworks.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It's equivalent to __printf, so prefer __scanf.
Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* add 'struct lm3530_pwm_data' in the platform data
  The pwm data is the platform specific functions which generate the pwm.
  The pwm data is only valid when brightness is pwm input mode.
  Functions should be implemented by the pwm driver.
  pwm_set_intensity() : set duty of pwm.
  pwm_get_intensity() : get current the brightness.

* brightness control by pwm
  If the control mode is pwm, then brightness is changed by the duty of
  pwm=.  So pwm platform function should be called in lm3530_brightness_set().

* do not update brightness register when pwm input mode
  In pwm input mode, brightness register is not used.
  If any value is updated in this register, then the led will be off.

* when input mode is changed, set duty of pwm to 0 if unnecessary.
Signed-off-by: NMilo(Woogyom) Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Cc: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The lp5521 has autonomous operation mode without external control.
Using lp5521_platform_data, various led patterns can be configurable.
For supporting this feature, new functions and device attribute are
added.

Structure of lp5521_led_pattern: 3 channels are supported - red, green
and blue.  Pattern(s) of each channel and numbers of pattern(s) are
defined in the pla= tform data.  Pattern data are hexa codes which
include pattern commands such like set pwm, wait, ramp up/down, branch
and so on.

Pattern mode functions:
 * lp5521_clear_program_memory
	Before running new led pattern, program memory should be cleared.
 * lp5521_write_program_memory
	Pattern data updated in the program memory via the i2c.
 * lp5521_get_pattern
	Get pattern from predefined in the platform data.
 * lp5521_run_led_pattern
	Stop current pattern or run new pattern.
	Transition time is required between different operation mode.

Device attribute - 'led_pattern': To load specific led pattern, new device
attribute is added.

When the lp5521 driver is unloaded, stop current led pattern mode.

Documentation updated : description about how to define the led patterns
and example.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes]
Signed-off-by: NMilo(Woogyom) Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Acked-by: NLinus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Arun MURTHY <arun.murthy@stericsson.com>
Cc: Srinidhi Kasagar <srinidhi.kasagar@stericsson.com>
Cc: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The value of CONFIG register(Addr 08h) is configurable.  For supporting
this feature, update_config is added in the platform data.  If
'update_config' is not defined, the default value is 'LP5521_PWRSAVE_EN |
LP5521_CP_MODE_AUTO | LP5521_R_TO_BATT'.

To define CONFIG register in the platform data, the bit definitions were
mo= ved to the header file.

Documentation updated : description about 'update_config' and example.
Signed-off-by: NMilo(Woogyom) Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Acked-by: NLinus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Arun MURTHY <arun.murthy@stericsson.com>
Cc: Srinidhi Kasagar <srinidhi.kasagar@stericsson.com>
Cc: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The name of each led channel can be configurable.  For the compatibility,
the name is set to default value(xx:channelN) when 'name' is not defined.
Signed-off-by: NMilo(Woogyom) Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Acked-by: NLinus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Arun MURTHY <arun.murthy@stericsson.com>
Cc: Srinidhi Kasagar <srinidhi.kasagar@stericsson.com>
Cc: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Introduce for_each_clear_bit() and for_each_clear_bit_from().  They are
similar to for_each_set_bit() and list_for_each_set_bit_from(), but they
iterate over all the cleared bits in a memory region.
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Stefano Panella <stefano.panella@csr.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@csr.com>
Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove for_each_set_bit_cont() after confirming that no one uses
for_each_set_bit_cont() anymore.

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: regmap: cope with bitops API change]
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This renames for_each_set_bit_cont() to for_each_set_bit_from() because
it is analogous to list_for_each_entry_from() in list.h rather than
list_for_each_entry_continue().

This doesn't remove for_each_set_bit_cont() for now.
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

THis driver supports TI LP8550/LP8551/LP8552/LP8553/LP8556 backlight
devices.

The brightness can be controlled by the I2C or PWM input.  The lp855x
driver provides both modes.  For the PWM control, pwm-specific functions
can be defined in the platform data.  And some information can be read
via the sysfs(lp855x device attributes).

For details, please refer to Documentation/backlight/lp855x-driver.txt.

[axel.lin@gmail.com: add missing mutex_unlock in lp855x_read_byte() error path]
[axel.lin@gmail.com: check platform data in lp855x_probe()]
[axel.lin@gmail.com: small cleanups]
[dan.carpenter@oracle.com: silence a compiler warning]
[axel.lin@gmail.com: use id->driver_data to differentiate lp855x chips]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: simplify boolean return expression]
Signed-off-by: NMilo(Woogyom) Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: NAxel Lin <axel.lin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Userspace service managers/supervisors need to track their started
services.  Many services daemonize by double-forking and get implicitly
re-parented to PID 1.  The service manager will no longer be able to
receive the SIGCHLD signals for them, and is no longer in charge of
reaping the children with wait().  All information about the children is
lost at the moment PID 1 cleans up the re-parented processes.

With this prctl, a service manager process can mark itself as a sort of
'sub-init', able to stay as the parent for all orphaned processes
created by the started services.  All SIGCHLD signals will be delivered
to the service manager.

Receiving SIGCHLD and doing wait() is in cases of a service-manager much
preferred over any possible asynchronous notification about specific
PIDs, because the service manager has full access to the child process
data in /proc and the PID can not be re-used until the wait(), the
service-manager itself is in charge of, has happened.

As a side effect, the relevant parent PID information does not get lost
by a double-fork, which results in a more elaborate process tree and
'ps' output:

before:
  # ps afx
  253 ?        Ss     0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --nofork
  294 ?        Sl     0:00 /usr/libexec/polkit-1/polkitd
  328 ?        S      0:00 /usr/sbin/modem-manager
  608 ?        Sl     0:00 /usr/libexec/colord
  658 ?        Sl     0:00 /usr/libexec/upowerd
  819 ?        Sl     0:00 /usr/libexec/imsettings-daemon
  916 ?        Sl     0:00 /usr/libexec/udisks-daemon
  917 ?        S      0:00  \_ udisks-daemon: not polling any devices

after:
  # ps afx
  294 ?        Ss     0:00 /bin/dbus-daemon --system --nofork
  426 ?        Sl     0:00  \_ /usr/libexec/polkit-1/polkitd
  449 ?        S      0:00  \_ /usr/sbin/modem-manager
  635 ?        Sl     0:00  \_ /usr/libexec/colord
  705 ?        Sl     0:00  \_ /usr/libexec/upowerd
  959 ?        Sl     0:00  \_ /usr/libexec/udisks-daemon
  960 ?        S      0:00  |   \_ udisks-daemon: not polling any devices
  977 ?        Sl     0:00  \_ /usr/libexec/packagekitd

This prctl is orthogonal to PID namespaces.  PID namespaces are isolated
from each other, while a service management process usually requires the
services to live in the same namespace, to be able to talk to each
other.

Users of this will be the systemd per-user instance, which provides
init-like functionality for the user's login session and D-Bus, which
activates bus services on-demand.  Both need init-like capabilities to
be able to properly keep track of the services they start.

Many thanks to Oleg for several rounds of review and insights.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment layout and spelling]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add lengthy code comment from Oleg]
Reviewed-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NLennart Poettering <lennart@poettering.net>
Signed-off-by: NKay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Acked-by: NValdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Due to the alignment of following variables, these typically consume
more than just the single byte that 'bool' requires, and as there are a
few hundred instances, the cache pollution (not so much the waste of
memory) sums up.  Put these variables into their own section, outside of
any half way frequently used memory range.

Do the same also to the __warned variable of rcu_lockdep_assert().
(Don't, however, include the ones used by printk_once() and alike, as
they can potentially be hot.)
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This addresses some header check warnings.  DRM headers which include
"drm.h" have been excluded, as they indirectly include types.h.
Signed-off-by: NBobby Powers <bobbypowers@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ARCH_HAS_NMI_WATCHDOG is a macro defined by arch, but config
HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR depends on it.  This is wrong, ARCH_HAS_NMI_WATCHDOG
has to be a Kconfig config, and arch's need it should select it
explicitly.
Signed-off-by: NWANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NDon Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

- Move open-coded filesystem magic numbers into magic.h

- Rearrange magic.h so that the filesystem-related constants are grouped
  together.
Signed-off-by: NMuthukumar R <muthur@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch introduces nf_conntrack_l4proto_find_get() and
nf_conntrack_l4proto_put() to fix module dependencies between
timeout objects and l4-protocol conntrack modules.

Thus, we make sure that the module cannot be removed if it is
used by any of the cttimeout objects.
Signed-off-by: NPablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

Change the name (and type) of a few CRC-related Boolean local
variables so they contain the word "do", to distingish their purpose
from variables used for holding an actual CRC value.

Note that in the process of doing this I identified a fairly serious
logic error in write_partial_msg_pages():  the value of "do_crc"
assigned appears to be the opposite of what it should be.  No
attempt to fix this is made here; this change preserves the
erroneous behavior.  The problem I found is documented here:
    http://tracker.newdream.net/issues/2064Signed-off-by: NAlex Elder <elder@dreamhost.com>
Signed-off-by: NSage Weil <sage@newdream.net>

The messenger workqueue has no need to be public.  So give it static
scope.
Signed-off-by: NAlex Elder <elder@dreamhost.com>
Signed-off-by: NSage Weil <sage@newdream.net>

ceph_parse_options() takes the address of a pointer as an argument
and uses it to return the address of an allocated structure if
successful.  With this interface is not evident at call sites that
the pointer is always initialized.  Change the interface to return
the address instead (or a pointer-coded error code) to make the
validity of the returned pointer obvious.
Signed-off-by: NAlex Elder <elder@dreamhost.com>
Signed-off-by: NSage Weil <sage@newdream.net>

Each messenger allocates a page to be used when writing zeroes
out in the event of error or other abnormal condition.  Instead,
use the kernel ZERO_PAGE() for that purpose.
Signed-off-by: NAlex Elder <elder@dreamhost.com>
Signed-off-by: NSage Weil <sage@newdream.net>

Remove the 'sb_mark_dirty()', 'sb_mark_clean()' and 'sb_is_dirty()'
helpers which are not used. I introduced them 2 years and the
intention was to make all file-systems use them in order to be able to
optimize 'sync_supers()'.  However, Al Viro vetoed my patches at the
end and asked me to push superblock management down to file-systems
and get rid of the 's_dirt' flag completely, as well as kill
'sync_supers()' altogether. Thus, remove the helpers.
Signed-off-by: NArtem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: N"Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>

These macros will be used in a later patch, where all usages are expected
to be optimized away without #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE.  But to
detect unexpected usages, we convert the existing BUG() to BUILD_BUG().

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build in mm/pgtable-generic.c]
Signed-off-by: NNaoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: NHillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NAndrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>