Commit e912b114
(net: sk_prot_alloc() should not blindly overwrite memory)
took care of not zeroing whole new socket at allocation time.

sock_copy() is another spot where we should be very careful.
We should not set refcnt to a non null value, until
we are sure other fields are correctly setup, or
a lockless reader could catch this socket by mistake,
while not fully (re)initialized.

This patch puts sk_node & sk_refcnt to the very beginning
of struct sock to ease sock_copy() & sk_prot_alloc() job.

We add appropriate smp_wmb() before sk_refcnt initializations
to match our RCU requirements (changes to sock keys should
be committed to memory before sk_refcnt setting)
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Some sockets use SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU, and our RCU code correctness
depends on sk->sk_nulls_node.next being always valid. A NULL
value is not allowed as it might fault a lockless reader.

Current sk_prot_alloc() implementation doesnt respect this hypothesis,
calling kmem_cache_alloc() with __GFP_ZERO. Just call memset() around
the forbidden field.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Adding memory barrier after the poll_wait function, paired with
receive callbacks. Adding fuctions sock_poll_wait and sk_has_sleeper
to wrap the memory barrier.

Without the memory barrier, following race can happen.
The race fires, when following code paths meet, and the tp->rcv_nxt
and __add_wait_queue updates stay in CPU caches.

CPU1                         CPU2

sys_select                   receive packet
  ...                        ...
  __add_wait_queue           update tp->rcv_nxt
  ...                        ...
  tp->rcv_nxt check          sock_def_readable
  ...                        {
  schedule                      ...
                                if (sk->sk_sleep && waitqueue_active(sk->sk_sleep))
                                        wake_up_interruptible(sk->sk_sleep)
                                ...
                             }

If there was no cache the code would work ok, since the wait_queue and
rcv_nxt are opposit to each other.

Meaning that once tp->rcv_nxt is updated by CPU2, the CPU1 either already
passed the tp->rcv_nxt check and sleeps, or will get the new value for
tp->rcv_nxt and will return with new data mask.
In both cases the process (CPU1) is being added to the wait queue, so the
waitqueue_active (CPU2) call cannot miss and will wake up CPU1.

The bad case is when the __add_wait_queue changes done by CPU1 stay in its
cache, and so does the tp->rcv_nxt update on CPU2 side.  The CPU1 will then
endup calling schedule and sleep forever if there are no more data on the
socket.

Calls to poll_wait in following modules were ommited:
	net/bluetooth/af_bluetooth.c
	net/irda/af_irda.c
	net/irda/irnet/irnet_ppp.c
	net/mac80211/rc80211_pid_debugfs.c
	net/phonet/socket.c
	net/rds/af_rds.c
	net/rfkill/core.c
	net/sunrpc/cache.c
	net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
	net/tipc/socket.c
Signed-off-by: NJiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

2009/2/24 Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>:
> ok, this is the last warning i have from today's overnight -tip
> testruns - a 32-bit system warning in sock_init_data():
>
> [    2.610389] NET: Registered protocol family 16
> [    2.616138] initcall netlink_proto_init+0x0/0x170 returned 0 after 7812 usecs
> [    2.620010] WARNING: kmemcheck: Caught 32-bit read from uninitialized memory (f642c184)
> [    2.624002] 010000000200000000000000604990c000000000000000000000000000000000
> [    2.634076]  i i i i i i u u i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
> [    2.641038]          ^
> [    2.643376]
> [    2.644004] Pid: 1, comm: swapper Not tainted (2.6.29-rc6-tip-01751-g4d1c22c-dirty #885)
> [    2.648003] EIP: 0060:[<c07141a1>] EFLAGS: 00010282 CPU: 0
> [    2.652008] EIP is at sock_init_data+0xa1/0x190
> [    2.656003] EAX: 0001a800 EBX: f6836c00 ECX: 00463000 EDX: c0e46fe0
> [    2.660003] ESI: f642c180 EDI: c0b83088 EBP: f6863ed8 ESP: c0c412ec
> [    2.664003]  DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068
> [    2.668003] CR0: 8005003b CR2: f682c400 CR3: 00b91000 CR4: 000006f0
> [    2.672003] DR0: 00000000 DR1: 00000000 DR2: 00000000 DR3: 00000000
> [    2.676003] DR6: ffff4ff0 DR7: 00000400
> [    2.680002]  [<c07423e5>] __netlink_create+0x35/0xa0
> [    2.684002]  [<c07443cc>] netlink_kernel_create+0x4c/0x140
> [    2.688002]  [<c072755e>] rtnetlink_net_init+0x1e/0x40
> [    2.696002]  [<c071b601>] register_pernet_operations+0x11/0x30
> [    2.700002]  [<c071b72c>] register_pernet_subsys+0x1c/0x30
> [    2.704002]  [<c0bf3c8c>] rtnetlink_init+0x4c/0x100
> [    2.708002]  [<c0bf4669>] netlink_proto_init+0x159/0x170
> [    2.712002]  [<c0101124>] do_one_initcall+0x24/0x150
> [    2.716002]  [<c0bbf3c7>] do_initcalls+0x27/0x40
> [    2.723201]  [<c0bbf3fc>] do_basic_setup+0x1c/0x20
> [    2.728002]  [<c0bbfb8a>] kernel_init+0x5a/0xa0
> [    2.732002]  [<c0103e47>] kernel_thread_helper+0x7/0x10
> [    2.736002]  [<ffffffff>] 0xffffffff

We fix this false positive by annotating the bitfield in struct
sock.
Reported-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NVegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>

One of the problem with sock memory accounting is it uses
a pair of sock_hold()/sock_put() for each transmitted packet.

This slows down bidirectional flows because the receive path
also needs to take a refcount on socket and might use a different
cpu than transmit path or transmit completion path. So these
two atomic operations also trigger cache line bounces.

We can see this in tx or tx/rx workloads (media gateways for example),
where sock_wfree() can be in top five functions in profiles.

We use this sock_hold()/sock_put() so that sock freeing
is delayed until all tx packets are completed.

As we also update sk_wmem_alloc, we could offset sk_wmem_alloc
by one unit at init time, until sk_free() is called.
Once sk_free() is called, we atomic_dec_and_test(sk_wmem_alloc)
to decrement initial offset and atomicaly check if any packets
are in flight.

skb_set_owner_w() doesnt call sock_hold() anymore

sock_wfree() doesnt call sock_put() anymore, but check if sk_wmem_alloc
reached 0 to perform the final freeing.

Drawback is that a skb->truesize error could lead to unfreeable sockets, or
even worse, prematurely calling __sk_free() on a live socket.

Nice speedups on SMP. tbench for example, going from 2691 MB/s to 2711 MB/s
on my 8 cpu dev machine, even if tbench was not really hitting sk_refcnt
contention point. 5 % speedup on a UDP transmit workload (depends
on number of flows), lowering TX completion cpu usage.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

IEEE 802.15.4 stack requires several constants to be defined/adjusted.
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Eremin-Solenikov <dbaryshkov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NSergey Lapin <slapin@ossfans.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Pure style cleanup patch.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add support for event-aware wakeups to the sockets code.  Events are
delivered to the wakeup target, so that epoll can avoid spurious wakeups
for non-interesting events.
Signed-off-by: NDavide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
Acked-by: NAlan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@movementarian.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NAndy Grover <andy.grover@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The fix for CVE-2009-0676 (upstream commit df0bca04) is incomplete. Note
that the same problem of leaking kernel memory will reappear if someone
on some architecture uses struct timeval with some internal padding (for
example tv_sec 64-bit and tv_usec 32-bit) --- then, you are going to
leak the padded bytes to userspace.
Signed-off-by: NEugene Teo <eugeneteo@kernel.sg>
Reported-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

A long time ago we had bugs, primarily in TCP, where we would modify
skb->truesize (for TSO queue collapsing) in ways which would corrupt
the socket memory accounting.

skb_truesize_check() was added in order to try and catch this error
more systematically.

However this debugging check has morphed into a Frankenstein of sorts
and these days it does nothing other than catch false-positives.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The overlap with the old SO_TIMESTAMP[NS] options is handled so
that time stamping in software (net_enable_timestamp()) is
enabled when SO_TIMESTAMP[NS] and/or SO_TIMESTAMPING_RX_SOFTWARE
is set.  It's disabled if all of these are off.
Signed-off-by: NPatrick Ohly <patrick.ohly@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In function sock_getsockopt() located in net/core/sock.c, optval v.val
is not correctly initialized and directly returned in userland in case
we have SO_BSDCOMPAT option set.

This dummy code should trigger the bug:

int main(void)
{
	unsigned char buf[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
	int len;
	int sock;
	sock = socket(33, 2, 2);
	getsockopt(sock, 1, SO_BSDCOMPAT, &buf, &len);
	printf("%x%x%x%x\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], buf[3]);
	close(sock);
}

Here is a patch that fix this bug by initalizing v.val just after its
declaration.
Signed-off-by: NClément Lecigne <clement.lecigne@netasq.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The function sock_alloc_send_pskb is completely useless if not
exported since most of the code in it won't be used as is.  In
fact, this code has already been duplicated in the tun driver.

Now that we need accounting in the tun driver, we can in fact
use this function as is.  So this patch marks it for export again.
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This reverts commit 70355602.

As pointed out by Mark McLoughlin IP_PKTINFO cmsg data is one
post-queueing user, so this optimization is not valid right
now.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When queuing a skb to sk->sk_receive_queue, we can release its dst,
not anymore needed.  Since current cpu did the dst_hold(), refcount is
probably still hot int this cpu caches.

This avoids readers to access the original dst to decrement its
refcount, possibly a long time after packet reception. This should
speedup UDP and RAW receive path.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Instead of using one atomic_t per protocol, use a percpu_counter
for "sockets_allocated", to reduce cache line contention on
heavy duty network servers. 

Note : We revert commit (248969ae
net: af_unix can make unix_nr_socks visbile in /proc),
since it is not anymore used after sock_prot_inuse_add() addition
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

If the slub allocator is used, kmem_cache_create() may merge two or more
kmem_cache's into one but the cache name pointer is not updated and
kmem_cache_name() is no longer guaranteed to return the pointer passed
to the former function. This patch stores the kmalloc'ed pointers in the
corresponding request_sock_ops and timewait_sock_ops structures.
Signed-off-by: NCatalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Converting /proc/net/protocols to be namespace aware is quite easy
and permits us to use sock_prot_inuse_get().

This provides seperate counters for each protocol. For example
we can really count TCPv6 sockets and TCPv4 sockets, while previously,
we had the same value, and this value was not namespace aware.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

RCU was added to UDP lookups, using a fast infrastructure :
- sockets kmem_cache use SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU and dont pay the
  price of call_rcu() at freeing time.
- hlist_nulls permits to use few memory barriers.

This patch uses same infrastructure for TCP/DCCP established
and timewait sockets.

Thanks to SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU, no slowdown for applications
using short lived TCP connections. A followup patch, converting
rwlocks to spinlocks will even speedup this case.

__inet_lookup_established() is pretty fast now we dont have to
dirty a contended cache line (read_lock/read_unlock)

Only established and timewait hashtable are converted to RCU
(bind table and listen table are still using traditional locking)
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

fix this warning:

  net/bluetooth/af_bluetooth.c:60: warning: ‘bt_key_strings’ defined but not used
  net/bluetooth/af_bluetooth.c:71: warning: ‘bt_slock_key_strings’ defined but not used

this is a lockdep macro problem in the !LOCKDEP case.

We cannot convert it to an inline because the macro works on multiple types,
but we can mark the parameter used.

[ also clean up a misaligned tab in sock_lock_init_class_and_name() ]

[ also remove #ifdefs from around af_family_clock_key strings - which
  were certainly added to get rid of the ugly build warnings. ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

fix this warning:

  net/bluetooth/af_bluetooth.c:60: warning: ‘bt_key_strings’ defined but not used
  net/bluetooth/af_bluetooth.c:71: warning: ‘bt_slock_key_strings’ defined but not used

this is a lockdep macro problem in the !LOCKDEP case.

We cannot convert it to an inline because the macro works on multiple types,
but we can mark the parameter used.

[ also clean up a misaligned tab in sock_lock_init_class_and_name() ]

[ also remove #ifdefs from around af_family_clock_key strings - which
  were certainly added to get rid of the ugly build warnings. ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Goals are :

1) Optimizing handling of incoming Unicast UDP frames, so that no memory
 writes should happen in the fast path.

 Note: Multicasts and broadcasts still will need to take a lock,
 because doing a full lockless lookup in this case is difficult.

2) No expensive operations in the socket bind/unhash phases :
  - No expensive synchronize_rcu() calls.

  - No added rcu_head in socket structure, increasing memory needs,
  but more important, forcing us to use call_rcu() calls,
  that have the bad property of making sockets structure cold.
  (rcu grace period between socket freeing and its potential reuse
   make this socket being cold in CPU cache).
  David did a previous patch using call_rcu() and noticed a 20%
  impact on TCP connection rates.
  Quoting Cristopher Lameter :
   "Right. That results in cacheline cooldown. You'd want to recycle
    the object as they are cache hot on a per cpu basis. That is screwed
    up by the delayed regular rcu processing. We have seen multiple
    regressions due to cacheline cooldown.
    The only choice in cacheline hot sensitive areas is to deal with the
    complexity that comes with SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU or give up on RCU."

  - Because udp sockets are allocated from dedicated kmem_cache,
  use of SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU can help here.

Theory of operation :
---------------------

As the lookup is lockfree (using rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock()),
special attention must be taken by readers and writers.

Use of SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU is tricky too, because a socket can be freed,
reused, inserted in a different chain or in worst case in the same chain
while readers could do lookups in the same time.

In order to avoid loops, a reader must check each socket found in a chain
really belongs to the chain the reader was traversing. If it finds a
mismatch, lookup must start again at the begining. This *restart* loop
is the reason we had to use rdlock for the multicast case, because
we dont want to send same message several times to the same socket.

We use RCU only for fast path.
Thus, /proc/net/udp still takes spinlocks.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Wrap calling sk->sk_backlog_rcv() in a function. This will allow extending the
generic sk_backlog_rcv behaviour.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NRemi Denis-Courmont <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NRémi Denis-Courmont <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In the merge phase of the CAN subsystem the 
af_family_clock_key_strings[] have been added to sock.c in commit 
443aef0e 
(lockdep: fixup sk_callback_lock annotation). This trivial patch adds 
the missing name for address family 29 (AF_CAN).
Signed-off-by: NOliver Hartkopp <oliver@hartkopp.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The tcp_enter_memory_pressure calls NET_INC_STATS, but doesn't
have where to get the net from.

I decided to add a sk argument, not the net itself, only to factor
all the required sock_net(sk) calls inside the enter_memory_pressure 
callback itself.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In order to more easily grep for all things that set
sk->sk_socket, add sk_set_socket() helper inline function.

Suggested (although only half-seriously) by Evgeniy Polyakov.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch removes CVS keywords that weren't updated for a long time
from comments.
Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In sock_queue_rcv_skb()  (net/core/sock.c) it should be:
"Cast sk->rcvbuf ..." instead of: "Cast skb->rcvbuf ..."
Signed-off-by: NRami Rosen <ramirose@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

One finds all kinds of crazy things with some shell pipelining.
Signed-off-by: NIlpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

As you can see, there's no zero_it arg (in fact code always uses __GFP_ZERO).
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NJesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>

As per Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Protocol control sockets and netlink kernel sockets should not prevent the
namespace stop request. They are initialized and disposed in a special way by
sk_change_net/sk_release_kernel.
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Problem spotted by Andrew Brampton
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Such an accounting would cost us two more dereferences to get the
percpu variable from the struct net, so I make sock_prot_inuse_get
and _add calls work differently depending on CONFIG_NET_NS - without
it old optimized routines are used.

The per-cpu counter for init_net is prepared in core_initcall, so
that even af_inet, that starts as fs_initcall, will already have the
init_net prepared.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This counter is about to become per-proto-and-per-net, so we'll need 
two arguments to determine which cell in this "table" to work with.

All the places, but proc already pass proper net to it - proc will be
tuned a bit later.

Some indentation with spaces in proc files is done to keep the file
coding style consistent.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Constructive part of the set is finished here. We have to remove the
pcounter, so start with its init and free functions.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

And redirect sock_prot_inuse_add and _get to use one.

As far as the dereferences are concerned. Before the patch we made
1 dereference to proto->inuse.add call, the call itself and then
called the __get_cpu_var() on a static variable. After the patch we 
make a direct call, then one dereference to proto->inuse_idx and 
then the same __get_cpu_var() on a still static variable. So this 
patch doesn't seem to produce performance penalty on SMP.

This is not per-net yet, but I will deliberately make NET_NS=y case
separated from NET_NS=n one, since it'll cost us one-or-two more 
dereferences to get the struct net and the inuse counter.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>