The usage of the 'gpt' kernel parameter is twofold: (i) skip any mbr
integrity checks and (ii) enable the backup GPT header to be used in
situations where the primary one is corrupted.  This last "feature" is not
obvious and needs to be properly documented in the kernel-parameters
document.

Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=63591Signed-off-by: NDavidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Matt Domsch <Matt_Domsch@dell.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Cc: "Chandramouleeswaran,Aswin" <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Chris Murphy <bugzilla@colorremedies.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

/sys/kernel/vmcoreinfo was introduced long back but there is no ABI
documentation.  This patch adds the documentation.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Ken'ichi Ohmichi <oomichi@mxs.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Dan Aloni <da-x@monatomic.org>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

For general-purpose (i.e.  distro) kernel builds it makes sense to build
with CONFIG_KEXEC to allow end users to choose what kind of things they
want to do with kexec.  However, in the face of trying to lock down a
system with such a kernel, there needs to be a way to disable kexec_load
(much like module loading can be disabled).  Without this, it is too easy
for the root user to modify kernel memory even when CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM
and modules_disabled are set.  With this change, it is still possible to
load an image for use later, then disable kexec_load so the image (or lack
of image) can't be altered.

The intention is for using this in environments where "perfect"
enforcement is hard.  Without a verified boot, along with verified
modules, and along with verified kexec, this is trying to give a system a
better chance to defend itself (or at least grow the window of
discoverability) against attack in the face of a privilege escalation.

In my mind, I consider several boot scenarios:

1) Verified boot of read-only verified root fs loading fd-based
   verification of kexec images.
2) Secure boot of writable root fs loading signed kexec images.
3) Regular boot loading kexec (e.g. kcrash) image early and locking it.
4) Regular boot with no control of kexec image at all.

1 and 2 don't exist yet, but will soon once the verified kexec series has
landed.  4 is the state of things now.  The gap between 2 and 4 is too
large, so this change creates scenario 3, a middle-ground above 4 when 2
and 1 are not possible for a system.
Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

As the notifier_block name (i.e.  foobar_cpu_notifer) is different from
the parameter (i.e.foobar_cpu_notifier) of register function, that is
definitely error and it also makes readers confused.
Signed-off-by: NSangjung Woo <sangjung.woo@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: NSrivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the following documentation-files with description :
 -autofs4-mount-control.txt
 -btrfs.txt
 -debugfs.txt
 -devpts.txt
 -fiemap.txt
 -gfs2-glocks.txt
 -gfs2-uevents.txt
 -omfs.txt
 -path-lookup.txt
 -qnx6.txt
 -quota.txt
 -squashfs.txt
 -sysfs-tagging.txt
 -ubifs.txt
 -xfs-delayed-logging-design.txt
 -xfs-self-describing-metadata.txt

Add the following documentation directories with description :
 -caching
 -cifs (replacing cifs.txt)
 -pohmelfs

Remove the following documentation-files reference:
 -dentry-locking.txt
 -reiser4.txt
Signed-off-by: NFabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

- ramdisk_blocksize doesn't exist anymore

- Module parameters added to documentation
Signed-off-by: NFabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Acked-by: NRandy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix a wrong device_attribute declaration example.
Signed-off-by: NAndre Richter <andre.o.richter@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add comments for ioctls in fs/nilfs2/ioctl.c file and describe NILFS2
specific ioctls in Documentation/filesystems/nilfs2.txt.
Signed-off-by: NVyacheslav Dubeyko <slava@dubeyko.com>
Reviewed-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Wenliang Fan <fanwlexca@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add binding documentation for the hym8563 rtc chip.
Signed-off-by: NHeiko Stuebner <heiko@sntech.de>
Cc: Rob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk>
Cc: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Cc: Mike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard.weinberger@gmail.com>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch allows the driver to be enabled with devicetree.
Signed-off-by: NAlexander Shiyan <shc_work@mail.ru>
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

dma_addr_t's can be either u32 or u64 depending on a CONFIG option.

There are a few hundred dma_addr_t's printed via either cast to unsigned
long long, unsigned long or no cast at all.

Add %pad to be able to emit them without the cast.

Update Documentation/printk-formats.txt too.
Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: "Shevchenko, Andriy" <andriy.shevchenko@intel.com>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the usage of using new feature wildcard support.
Signed-off-by: NDu, Changbin <changbin.du@gmail.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add "kmemcheck=xx" to Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt.
Signed-off-by: NXishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegardno@ifi.uio.no>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When irq, preempt and lockdep fields are printed (field 3 in the example
below) in the trace output, the script fails.

An example entry:
  kswapd0-610   [000] ...1   158.112152: mm_vmscan_kswapd_wake: nid=0 order=0
Signed-off-by: NVinayak Menon <vinayakm.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Documentation/vm/locking is a blast from the past.  In the entire git
history, it has had precisely Three modifications.  Two of those look to
be pure renames, and the third was from 2005.

The doc contains such gems as:

> The page_table_lock is grabbed while holding the
> kernel_lock spinning monitor.

> Page stealers hold kernel_lock to protect against a bunch of
> races.

Or this which talks about mmap_sem:

> 4. The exception to this rule is expand_stack, which just
>    takes the read lock and the page_table_lock, this is ok
>    because it doesn't really modify fields anybody relies on.

expand_stack() doesn't take any locks any more directly, and the
mmap_sem acquisition was long ago moved up in to the page fault code
itself.

It could be argued that we need to rewrite this, but it is dangerous to
leave it as-is.  It will confuse more people than it helps.
Signed-off-by: NDave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It seems I forgot to add the vendor prefix for rockchip to the vendor-prefix
list. Therefore add it now.
Signed-off-by: NHeiko Stuebner <heiko@sntech.de>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

The binding document for the vt8500/wm8xxx SoC UART driver is missing.
This patch adds the binding document.
Signed-off-by: NTony Prisk <linux@prisktech.co.nz>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

Some applications that run on HPC clusters are designed around the
availability of RAM and the overcommit ratio is fine tuned to get the
maximum usage of memory without swapping.  With growing memory, the
1%-of-all-RAM grain provided by overcommit_ratio has become too coarse
for these workload (on a 2TB machine it represents no less than 20GB).

This patch adds the new overcommit_kbytes sysctl variable that allow a
much finer grain.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix nommu build]
Signed-off-by: NJerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Many load balancing and workload placing programs check /proc/meminfo to
estimate how much free memory is available.  They generally do this by
adding up "free" and "cached", which was fine ten years ago, but is
pretty much guaranteed to be wrong today.

It is wrong because Cached includes memory that is not freeable as page
cache, for example shared memory segments, tmpfs, and ramfs, and it does
not include reclaimable slab memory, which can take up a large fraction
of system memory on mostly idle systems with lots of files.

Currently, the amount of memory that is available for a new workload,
without pushing the system into swap, can be estimated from MemFree,
Active(file), Inactive(file), and SReclaimable, as well as the "low"
watermarks from /proc/zoneinfo.

However, this may change in the future, and user space really should not
be expected to know kernel internals to come up with an estimate for the
amount of free memory.

It is more convenient to provide such an estimate in /proc/meminfo.  If
things change in the future, we only have to change it in one place.
Signed-off-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reported-by: NErik Mouw <erik.mouw_2@nxp.com>
Acked-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add a diagram in Documentation/scsi/scsi_transport_srp that
illustrates the rport state transitions.
Signed-off-by: NBart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Signed-off-by: NRoland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>

LDO indices start from 1. Fix the example appropriately.
Signed-off-by: NSachin Kamat <sachin.kamat@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NLee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>

The EC has specific timing it requires. Add support for an optional delay
after raising CS to fix timing issues. This is configurable based on
a DT property "google,cros-ec-spi-msg-delay".

If this property isn't set, then no delay will be added. However, if set
it will cause a delay equal to the value passed to it to be inserted at
the end of a transaction.
Signed-off-by: NRhyland Klein <rklein@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: NBernie Thompson <bhthompson@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: NAndrew Bresticker <abrestic@chromium.org>
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NThierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: NLee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>

Bindings for LP3943 MFD, GPIO and PWM controller are added.
Signed-off-by: NMilo Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Acked-by: NThierry Reding <thierry.reding@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NLee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>

Add some guidance documentation about what to do with device tree
bindings and how ABI stability is to be handled.
Signed-off-by: NJason Cooper <jason@lakedaemon.net>
[grant.likely: added some clarification on subsystem binding rules]
Signed-off-by: NGrant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>

Signed-off-by: NLothar Waßmann <LW@KARO-electronics.de>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

Fixup caught by checkpatch.
Signed-off-by: NRichard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>

Using "epfl" for Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Vaussard <florian.vaussard@epfl.ch>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

Using "gumstix" for Gumstix Inc.
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Vaussard <florian.vaussard@epfl.ch>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

Signed-off-by: NLothar Waßmann <LW@KARO-electronics.de>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

This adds interrupt functionality for i2c chips to the driver.
They can act as a interrupt-controller and generate interrupts, if
the inputs change.
This is tested with a mcp23017 chip on an arm based platform.

v3:
- be a bit more clear that the irq functionality is also available
  on spi versions of the chips, but the linux driver does not support
  this yet

v2:
- some more word about irq-mirror property in binding doc
- use of_read_bool instead of of_find_property for
  "interrupt-contrller" and "irq-mirror"
- cache the "interrupt-controller" for remove function
- do set the irq-mirror bit only if device is marked as
  interrupt-controller
- do create the irq mapping and setup of irq_desc of all possible
  interrupts in probe path instead of in gpio_to_irq
- mark gpios as in use as interrupts in irq in irq_startup and
  unlock it in irq_shutdown
- rename virq to child_irq
- remove dev argument from mcp23s08_irq_setup function
- move gpiochip_add before mcp23s08_irq_setup in probe path
Signed-off-by: NLars Poeschel <poeschel@lemonage.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>

Since the support for software and hardware controlled boosting has
been added, update the corresponding documentation.
Signed-off-by: NLukasz Majewski <l.majewski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NMyungjoo Ham <myungjoo.ham@samsung.com>
Acked-by: NViresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

The macb driver uses the clock bindings. Document the required
properties, especially the driver specific clock-names.
Acked-by: NNicolas Ferre <nicolas.ferre@atmel.com>
Signed-off-by: NSoren Brinkmann <soren.brinkmann@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

fix a typo in the "clock specifiers" discussion,
clarify that clock specifiers (the integer cells
part that goes with the phandle) may be empty

Cc: Rob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk>
Cc: devicetree@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NGerhard Sittig <gsi@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: NRob Herring <robh@kernel.org>

Document the multimedia clock controller found on Qualcomm devices

Cc: <devicetree@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: NMike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>

Document the global clock controller found on Qualcomm devices.

Cc: <devicetree@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: NMike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>

Some of Qualcomm's clocks can change their parent and rate at the
same time with a single register write. Add support for this
hardware to the common clock framework by adding a new
set_rate_and_parent() op. When the clock framework determines
that both the parent and the rate are going to change during
clk_set_rate() it will call the .set_rate_and_parent() op if
available and fall back to calling .set_parent() followed by
.set_rate() otherwise.
Reviewed-by: NJames Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: NMike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>

The cache's policy may have been established using the "default" alias,
which is currently the "mq" policy but the default policy may change in
the future.  It is useful to know exactly which policy is being used.

Add a 'real' member to the dm_cache_policy_type structure and have the
"default" dm_cache_policy_type point to the real "mq"
dm_cache_policy_type.  Update dm_cache_policy_get_name() to check if
real is set, if so report the name of the real policy (not the alias).
Requested-by: NJonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NMike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>

device_type is deprecated. There is no need to check for it in device
driver code and no need to specify it in the device tree. Remove the
property from stock .dts files and remove the check for it from device
drivers. This change should be 100% backwards compatible with old device
trees.
Signed-off-by: NGrant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk>
Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>

device_type is deprecated and the kernel doesn't require it in most
cases. The only exceptions for flat tree users are the "gianfar",
"ucc_geth" and "ibm,emac" bindings, and arguably that requirement could
be relaxed for ucc_geth and ibm,emac (that is a task for separate
patches though).

This patch removes references to device_type="network" from the binding
documentation where possible and removes the properties from ARM and
microblaze dts files. This patch does not modify the powerpc .dts files
since there are a much larger number of them affected and I think the
ucc_geth, ibm,emac and gianfar users should be addressed before clearing
out the references to reduce the chance of breakage.
Signed-off-by: NGrant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NMichal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Rob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk>
Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org>

device_type is a deprecated property, but some MDIO bus nodes still have
it. Except for a couple of old binding (compatible="gianfar" and
compatible="ucc_geth_phy") the kernel doesn't look for
device_type="mdio" at all.

This patch removes all instances of device_type="mdio" from the binding
documentation and the .dts files.
Signed-off-by: NGrant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <rob.herring@calxeda.com>
Cc: Pawel Moll <pawel.moll@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ian Campbell <ijc+devicetree@hellion.org.uk>
Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>