MD RAID10:  Fix a couple potential kernel panics if RAID10 is used by dm-raid

When device-mapper uses the RAID10 personality through dm-raid.c, there is no
'gendisk' structure in mddev and some sysfs information is also not populated.

This patch avoids touching those non-existent structures.
Signed-off-by: NJonathan Brassow <jbrassow@rehdat.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Some ioctls don't need to take the mutex and doing so can cause
a delay as it is held during super-block update.
So move those ioctls out of the mutex and rely on rcu locking
to ensure we don't access stale data.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Change the thread parameter, so the thread can carry extra info. Next patch
will use it.
Signed-off-by: NShaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Previously, there was bio_clone() but it only allocated from the fs bio
set; as a result various users were open coding it and using
__bio_clone().

This changes bio_clone() to become bio_clone_bioset(), and then we add
bio_clone() and bio_clone_kmalloc() as wrappers around it, making use of
the functionality the last patch adedd.

This will also help in a later patch changing how bio cloning works.
Signed-off-by: NKent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
CC: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
CC: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
CC: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Acked-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Now that bios keep track of where they were allocated from,
bio_integrity_alloc_bioset() becomes redundant.

Remove bio_integrity_alloc_bioset() and drop bio_set argument from the
related functions and make them use bio->bi_pool.
Signed-off-by: NKent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

With the old code, when you allocate a bio from a bio pool you have to
implement your own destructor that knows how to find the bio pool the
bio was originally allocated from.

This adds a new field to struct bio (bi_pool) and changes
bio_alloc_bioset() to use it. This makes various bio destructors
unnecessary, so they're then deleted.

v6: Explain the temporary if statement in bio_put
Signed-off-by: NKent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
CC: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
CC: Nicholas Bellinger <nab@linux-iscsi.org>
CC: Lars Ellenberg <lars.ellenberg@linbit.com>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NNicholas Bellinger <nab@linux-iscsi.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

commit 27a7b260
   md: Fix handling for devices from 2TB to 4TB in 0.90 metadata.

changed 0.90 metadata handling to truncated size to 4TB as that is
all that 0.90 can record.
However for RAID0 and Linear, 0.90 doesn't need to record the size, so
this truncation is not needed and causes working arrays to become too small.

So avoid the truncation for RAID0 and Linear

This bug was introduced in 3.1 and is suitable for any stable kernels
from then onwards.
As the offending commit was tagged for 'stable', any stable kernel
that it was applied to should also get this patch.  That includes
at least 2.6.32, 2.6.33 and 3.0. (Thanks to Ben Hutchings for
providing that list).

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>

This will allow md/raid to know why the unplug was called,
and will be able to act according - if !from_schedule it
is safe to perform tasks which could themselves schedule.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Both md and umem has similar code for getting notified on an
blk_finish_plug event.
Centralize this code in block/ and allow each driver to
provide its distinctive difference.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

This seemed like a good idea at the time, but after further thought I
cannot see it making a difference other than very occasionally and
testing to try to exercise the case it is most likely to help did not
show any performance difference by removing it.

So remove the counting of active plugs and allow 'pending writes' to
be activated at any time, not just when no plugs are active.

This is only relevant when there is a write-intent bitmap, and the
updating of the bitmap will likely introduce enough delay that
the single-threading of bitmap updates will be enough to collect large
numbers of updates together.

Removing this will make it easier to centralise the unplug code, and
will clear the other for other unplug enhancements which have a
measurable effect.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

do_md_stop tests mddev->openers while holding ->open_mutex,
and fails if this count is too high.
So callers do not need to check mddev->openers and doing so isn't
very meaningful as they don't hold ->open_mutex so the number could
change.

So remove the unnecessary tests on mddev->openers.
These are not called often enough for there to be any gain in
an early test on ->open_mutex to avoid the need for a slightly more
costly mutex_lock call.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

md will refuse to stop an array if any other fd (or mounted fs) is
using it.
When any fs is unmounted of when the last open fd is closed all
pending IO will be flushed (e.g. sync_blockdev call in __blkdev_put)
so there will be no pending IO to worry about when the array is
stopped.

However in order to send the STOP_ARRAY ioctl to stop the array one
must first get and open fd on the block device.
If some fd is being used to write to the block device and it is closed
after mdadm open the block device, but before mdadm issues the
STOP_ARRAY ioctl, then there will be no last-close on the md device so
__blkdev_put will not call sync_blockdev.

If this happens, then IO can still be in-flight while md tears down
the array and bad things can happen (use-after-free and subsequent
havoc).

So in the case where do_md_stop is being called from an open file
descriptor, call sync_block after taking the mutex to ensure there
will be no new openers.

This is needed when setting a read-write device to read-only too.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

commit c6563a8c
    md: add possibility to change data-offset for devices.

introduced a 'new_data_offset' attribute which should normally
be the same as 'data_offset', but can be explicitly set to a different
value to allow a reshape operation to move the data.

Unfortunately when the 'data_offset' is explicitly set through
sysfs, the new_data_offset is not also set, so the two would become
out-of-sync incorrectly.

One result of this is that trying to set the 'size' after the
'data_offset' would fail because it is not permitted to set the size
when the 'data_offset' and 'new_data_offset' are different - as that
can be confusing.
Consequently when mdadm tried to do this while assembling an IMSM
array it would fail.

This bug was introduced in 3.5-rc1.
Reported-by: NBrian Downing <bdowning@lavos.net>
Bisected-by: NBrian Downing <bdowning@lavos.net>
Tested-by: NBrian Downing <bdowning@lavos.net>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

We currently only allow a device to be re-added if it appear to be
in-sync.  This is overly restrictive as it may be desirable to re-add
a device that is in the middle of recovery.

So remove the test for "InSync" - the test on rdev->raid_disk is
sufficient to ensure that the re-add will succeed.
Reported-by: NAlexander Lyakas <alex.bolshoy@gmail.com>
Tested-by: NAlexander Lyakas <alex.bolshoy@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Having the 'name' arg optional and defaulting to the current
personality name is no necessary and leads to errors, as when
changing the level of an array we can end up using the
name of the old level instead of the new one.

So make it non-optional and always explicitly pass the name
of the level that the array will be.
Reported-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Add blk_plug in sync_thread will increase the performance of sync.
Because sync_thread did not blk_plug,so when raid sync, the bio merge
not well.

Testing environment:
SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) SATA AHCI
Controller.
OS:Linux xxx 3.5.0-rc2+ #340 SMP Tue Jun 12 09:00:25 CST 2012
x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux.
RAID5: four ST31000524NS disk.

Without blk_plug:recovery speed about 63M/Sec;
Add blk_plug:recovery speed about 120M/Sec.

Using blktrace:
blktrace -d /dev/sdb -w 60  -o -|blkparse -i -

without blk_plug:
Total (8,16):
 Reads Queued:      309811,     1239MiB	 Writes Queued:           0,        0KiB
 Read Dispatches:   283583,     1189MiB	 Write Dispatches:        0,        0KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0		 Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:   273351,     1149MiB	 Writes Completed:        0,        0KiB
 Read Merges:        23533,    94132KiB	 Write Merges:            0,        0KiB
 IO unplugs:             0        	 Timer unplugs:           0

add blk_plug:
Total (8,16):
 Reads Queued:      428697,     1714MiB	 Writes Queued:           0,        0KiB
 Read Dispatches:     3954,     1714MiB	 Write Dispatches:        0,        0KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0		 Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:     3956,     1715MiB	 Writes Completed:        0,        0KiB
 Read Merges:       424743,     1698MiB	 Write Merges:            0,        0KiB
 IO unplugs:             0        	 Timer unplugs:        3384

The ratio of merge will be markedly increased.
Signed-off-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Check the return of mddev_find(), since it may fail due to out of
memeory or out of usable minor number.

The reason I chose -ENODEV instead of -ENOMEM or something else is
md_alloc() function chose that ;)
Signed-off-by: NYuanhan Liu <yuanhan.liu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Properly initialize MD recovery flags when resuming device-mapper devices.

When a device-mapper device is suspended, all I/O must stop.  This is done by
calling 'md_stop_writes' and 'mddev_suspend'.  These calls in-turn manipulate
the recovery flags - including setting 'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN'.  The DM device
may have been suspended while recovery was not yet complete, so the process
needs to pick-up where it left off.  Since 'mddev_resume' does not unset
'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN' and set 'MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED', we must do it ourselves.
'MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED' can safely be set in 'mddev_resume', but 'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN'
must be set outside of 'mddev_resume' due to how MD handles RAID reshaping.
(e.g.  It is possible for a user to delay reshaping a RAID5->RAID6 by purposefully
setting 'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN'.  Clearing it in 'mddev_resume' would override the
desired behavior.)

Because 'mddev_resume' already unconditionally calls 'md_wakeup_thread(mddev->thread)'
there is no need to make this call from 'raid_resume' since it calls 'mddev_resume'.

Also clean up where  level_store calls mddev_resume() - it current
duplicates some of the funcitons of that call. - NB
Signed-off-by: NJonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Now that bitmaps can be resized, we can allow an array to be resized
while the bitmap is present.

This only covers resizing that involves changing the effective size
of member devices, not resizing that changes the number of devices.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

This new 'struct bitmap_storage' reflects the external storage of the
bitmap.
Having this clearly defined will make it easier to change the storage
used while the array is active.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

An md bitmap comprises two parts
 - internal counting of active writes per 'chunk'.
 - external storage of whether there are any active writes on
   each chunk

The second requires the first, but the first doesn't require the
second.

Not having backing storage means that the bitmap cannot expedite
resync after a crash, but it still allows us to expedite the recovery
of a recently-removed device.

So: allow a bitmap to exist even if there is no backing device.
In that case we default to 128M chunks.

A particular value of this is that we can remove and re-add a bitmap
(possibly of a different granularity) on a degraded array, and not
lose the information needed to fast-recover the missing device.

We don't actually activate these bitmaps yet - that will come
in a later patch.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

If we are to allow bitmaps to be resized when the array is resized,
we need to know how much space there is.

So create an attribute to store this information and set appropriate
defaults.

It can be set more precisely via sysfs, or future metadata extensions
may allow it to be recorded.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

This ensures that it is always freed - there were case where
we failed to free the page.
Reported-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

dm-raid currently open-codes the freeing of some members of
and rdev.  It is more maintainable to have it call common code
from md.c which does this for all call-sites.

So remove free_disk_sb to md_rdev_clear, export it, and use it in
dm-raid.c
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Some resync type operations need to act on the address space of the
device, others on the address space of the array.

This only affects RAID10, so it sets resync_max_sectors to the array
size (it defaults to the device size), and that is currently used for
resync only.  However reshape of a RAID10 must be done against the
array size, not device size, so change code to use resync_max_sectors
for both the resync and the reshape cases.
This does not affect RAID5 or RAID1, just RAID10.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Some code in raid1 and raid10 use sync_page_io to
read/write pages when responding to read errors.
As we will shortly support changing data_offset for
raid10, this function must understand new_data_offset.

So add that understanding.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

When reshaping we can avoid costly intermediate backup by
changing the 'start' address of the array on the device
(if there is enough room).

So as a first step, allow such a change to be requested
through sysfs, and recorded in v1.x metadata.

(As we didn't previous check that all 'pad' fields were zero,
 we need a new FEATURE flag for this.
 A (belatedly) check that all remaining 'pad' fields are
 zero to avoid a repeat of this)

The new data offset must be requested separately for each device.
This allows each to have a different change in the data offset.
This is not likely to be used often but as data_offset can be
set per-device, new_data_offset should be too.

This patch also removes the 'acknowledged' arg to rdev_set_badblocks as
it is never used and never will be.  At the same time we add a new
arg ('in_new') which is currently always zero but will be used more
soon.

When a reshape finishes we will need to update the data_offset
and rdev->sectors.  So provide an exported function to do that.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Currently a reshape operation always progresses from the start
of the array to the end unless the number of devices is being
reduced, in which case it progressed in the opposite direction.

To reverse a partial reshape which changes the number of devices
you can stop the array and re-assemble with the raid-disks numbers
reversed and it will undo.

However for a reshape that does not change the number of devices
it is not possible to reverse the reshape in the middle - you have to
wait until it completes.

So add a 'reshape_direction' attribute with is either 'forwards' or
'backwards' and can be explicitly set when delta_disks is zero.

This will become more important when we allow the data_offset to
change in a reshape.  Then the explicit statement of what direction is
being used will be more useful.

This can be enabled in raid5 trivially as it already supports
reverse reshape and just needs to use a different trigger to request it.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

A flush request is usually issued in transaction commit code path, so
using GFP_KERNEL to allocate memory for flush request bio falls into
the classic deadlock issue.

This is suitable for any -stable kernel to which it applies as it
avoids a possible deadlock.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NShaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Use del_timer_sync to remove timer before mddev_suspend finishes.

We don't want a timer going off after an mddev_suspend is called.  This is
especially true with device-mapper, since it can call the destructor function
immediately following a suspend.  This results in the removal (kfree) of the
structures upon which the timer depends - resulting in a very ugly panic.
Therefore, we add a del_timer_sync to mddev_suspend to prevent this.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

commit c744a65c
  md: don't set md arrays to readonly on shutdown.

removed the possibility of a 'BUG' when data is written to an array
that has just been switched to read-only, but also introduced the
possibility that the array metadata could be corrupted.

If, when md_notify_reboot gets the mddev lock, the array is
in a state where it is assembled but hasn't been started (as can
happen if the personality module is not available, or in other unusual
situations), then incorrect metadata will be written out making it
impossible to re-assemble the array.

So only call __md_stop_writes() if the array has actually been
activated.

This patch is needed for any stable kernel which has had the above
commit applied.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: NChristoph Nelles <evilazrael@evilazrael.de>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Commit 7bfec5f3

   md/raid5: If there is a spare and a want_replacement device, start replacement.

cause md_check_recovery to call ->add_disk much more often.
Instead of only when the array is degraded, it is now called whenever
md_check_recovery finds anything useful to do, which includes
updating the metadata for clean<->dirty transition.
This causes unnecessary work, and causes info messages from ->add_disk
to be reported much too often.

So refine md_check_recovery to only do any actual recovery checking
(including ->add_disk) if MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED is set.

This fix is suitable for 3.3.y:

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: NJan Ceuleers <jan.ceuleers@computer.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

If there are no unacked bad blocks, then there is no point searching
for them to acknowledge them.
Signed-off-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

In super_1_sync (the first hunk) we need to clear 'changed' before
checking read_seqretry(), otherwise we might race with other code
adding a bad block and so won't retry later.

In md_update_sb (the second hunk), in the case where there is no
metadata (neither persistent nor external), we treat any bad blocks as
an error.  However we need to clear the 'changed' flag before calling
md_ack_all_badblocks, else it won't do anything.

This patch is suitable for -stable release 3.0 and later.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

The part of /proc/mdstat which describes the bitmap should really
be generated by code in bitmap.c.  So move it there.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Currently we don't honour merge_bvec_fn in member devices so if there
is one, we force all requests to be single-page at most.
This is not ideal.

So enhance the raid10 merge_bvec_fn to check that function in children
as well.

This introduces a small problem.  There is no locking around calls
the ->merge_bvec_fn and subsequent calls to ->make_request.  So a
device added between these could end up getting a request which
violates its merge_bvec_fn.

Currently the best we can do is synchronize_sched().  This will work
providing no preemption happens.  If there is preemption, we just
have to hope that new devices are largely consistent with old devices.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

md.h has an 'rdev_for_each()' macro for iterating the rdevs in an
mddev.  However it uses the 'safe' version of list_for_each_entry,
and so requires the extra variable, but doesn't include 'safe' in the
name, which is useful documentation.

Consequently some places use this safe version without needing it, and
many use an explicity list_for_each entry.

So:
 - rename rdev_for_each to rdev_for_each_safe
 - create a new rdev_for_each which uses the plain
   list_for_each_entry,
 - use the 'safe' version only where needed, and convert all other
   list_for_each_entry calls to use rdev_for_each.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

It seems that with recent kernel, writeback can still be happening
while shutdown is happening, and consequently data can be written
after the md reboot notifier switches all arrays to read-only.
This causes a BUG.

So don't switch them to read-only - just mark them clean and
set 'safemode' to '2' which mean that immediately after any
write the array will be switch back to 'clean'.

This could result in the shutdown happening when array is marked
dirty, thus forcing a resync on reboot.  However if you reboot
without performing a "sync" first, you get to keep both halves.

This is suitable for any stable kernel (though there might be some
conflicts with obvious fixes in earlier kernels).

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

1/ If a resync is aborted we should record how far we got
 (recovery_cp) the last request that we know has completed
 (->curr_resync_completed) rather than the last request that was
 submitted (->curr_resync).

2/ When a resync aborts we still want to update the metadata with
 any changes, so set MD_CHANGE_DEVS even if we 'skip'.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Stacking driver queue limits are typically bounded exclusively by the
capabilities of the low level devices, not by the stacking driver
itself.

This patch introduces blk_set_stacking_limits() which has more liberal
metrics than the default queue limits function. This allows us to
inherit topology parameters from bottom devices without manually
tweaking the default limits in each driver prior to calling the stacking
function.

Since there is now a clear distinction between stacking and low-level
devices, blk_set_default_limits() has been modified to carry the more
conservative values that we used to manually set in
blk_queue_make_request().
Signed-off-by: NMartin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NMike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>