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  1. 17 12月, 2010 1 次提交
    • D
      xfs: convert inode cache lookups to use RCU locking · 1a3e8f3d
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      With delayed logging greatly increasing the sustained parallelism of inode
operations, the inode cache locking is showing significant read vs write
contention when inode reclaim runs at the same time as lookups. There is
also a lot more write lock acquistions than there are read locks (4:1 ratio)
so the read locking is not really buying us much in the way of parallelism.

To avoid the read vs write contention, change the cache to use RCU locking on
the read side. To avoid needing to RCU free every single inode, use the built
in slab RCU freeing mechanism. This requires us to be able to detect lookups of
freed inodes, so enѕure that ever freed inode has an inode number of zero and
the XFS_IRECLAIM flag set. We already check the XFS_IRECLAIM flag in cache hit
lookup path, but also add a check for a zero inode number as well.

We canthen convert all the read locking lockups to use RCU read side locking
and hence remove all read side locking.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NAlex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
      1a3e8f3d
  3. 16 12月, 2010 1 次提交
    • D
      xfs: rcu free inodes · d95b7aaf
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      Introduce RCU freeing of XFS inodes so that we can convert lookup
traversals to use rcu_read_lock() protection. This patch only
introduces the RCU freeing to minimise the potential conflicts with
mainline if this is merged into mainline via a VFS patchset. It
abuses the i_dentry list for the RCU callback structure because the
VFS patches make this a union so it is safe to use like this and
simplifies and merge issues.

This patch uses basic RCU freeing rather than SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU.
The later lookup patches need the same "found free inode" protection
regardless of the RCU freeing method used, so once again the RCU
freeing method can be dealt with apprpriately at merge time without
affecting any other code.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
      d95b7aaf
  5. 23 12月, 2010 1 次提交
    • D
      xfs: don't truncate prealloc from frequently accessed inodes · 6e857567
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      A long standing problem for streaming writeѕ through the NFS server
has been that the NFS server opens and closes file descriptors on an
inode for every write. The result of this behaviour is that the
->release() function is called on every close and that results in
XFS truncating speculative preallocation beyond the EOF.  This has
an adverse effect on file layout when multiple files are being
written at the same time - they interleave their extents and can
result in severe fragmentation.

To avoid this problem, keep track of ->release calls made on a dirty
inode. For most cases, an inode is only going to be opened once for
writing and then closed again during it's lifetime in cache. Hence
if there are multiple ->release calls when the inode is dirty, there
is a good chance that the inode is being accessed by the NFS server.
Hence set a flag the first time ->release is called while there are
delalloc blocks still outstanding on the inode.

If this flag is set when ->release is next called, then do no
truncate away the speculative preallocation - leave it there so that
subsequent writes do not need to reallocate the delalloc space. This
will prevent interleaving of extents of different inodes written
concurrently to the same AG.

If we get this wrong, it is not a big deal as we truncate
speculative allocation beyond EOF anyway in xfs_inactive() when the
inode is thrown out of the cache.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      6e857567
  7. 04 1月, 2011 1 次提交
    • D
      xfs: dynamic speculative EOF preallocation · 055388a3
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      Currently the size of the speculative preallocation during delayed
allocation is fixed by either the allocsize mount option of a
default size. We are seeing a lot of cases where we need to
recommend using the allocsize mount option to prevent fragmentation
when buffered writes land in the same AG.

Rather than using a fixed preallocation size by default (up to 64k),
make it dynamic by basing it on the current inode size. That way the
EOF preallocation will increase as the file size increases.  Hence
for streaming writes we are much more likely to get large
preallocations exactly when we need it to reduce fragementation.

For default settings, the size of the initial extents is determined
by the number of parallel writers and the amount of memory in the
machine. For 4GB RAM and 4 concurrent 32GB file writes:

EXT: FILE-OFFSET           BLOCK-RANGE          AG AG-OFFSET                 TOTAL
   0: [0..1048575]:         1048672..2097247      0 (1048672..2097247)      1048576
   1: [1048576..2097151]:   5242976..6291551      0 (5242976..6291551)      1048576
   2: [2097152..4194303]:   12583008..14680159    0 (12583008..14680159)    2097152
   3: [4194304..8388607]:   25165920..29360223    0 (25165920..29360223)    4194304
   4: [8388608..16777215]:  58720352..67108959    0 (58720352..67108959)    8388608
   5: [16777216..33554423]: 117440584..134217791  0 (117440584..134217791) 16777208
   6: [33554424..50331511]: 184549056..201326143  0 (184549056..201326143) 16777088
   7: [50331512..67108599]: 251657408..268434495  0 (251657408..268434495) 16777088

and for 16 concurrent 16GB file writes:

 EXT: FILE-OFFSET           BLOCK-RANGE          AG AG-OFFSET                 TOTAL
   0: [0..262143]:          2490472..2752615      0 (2490472..2752615)       262144
   1: [262144..524287]:     6291560..6553703      0 (6291560..6553703)       262144
   2: [524288..1048575]:    13631592..14155879    0 (13631592..14155879)     524288
   3: [1048576..2097151]:   30408808..31457383    0 (30408808..31457383)    1048576
   4: [2097152..4194303]:   52428904..54526055    0 (52428904..54526055)    2097152
   5: [4194304..8388607]:   104857704..109052007  0 (104857704..109052007)  4194304
   6: [8388608..16777215]:  209715304..218103911  0 (209715304..218103911)  8388608
   7: [16777216..33554423]: 452984848..469762055  0 (452984848..469762055) 16777208

Because it is hard to take back specualtive preallocation, cases
where there are large slow growing log files on a nearly full
filesystem may cause premature ENOSPC. Hence as the filesystem nears
full, the maximum dynamic prealloc size іs reduced according to this
table (based on 4k block size):

freespace       max prealloc size
  >5%             full extent (8GB)
  4-5%             2GB (8GB >> 2)
  3-4%             1GB (8GB >> 3)
  2-3%           512MB (8GB >> 4)
  1-2%           256MB (8GB >> 5)
  <1%            128MB (8GB >> 6)

This should reduce the amount of space held in speculative
preallocation for such cases.

The allocsize mount option turns off the dynamic behaviour and fixes
the prealloc size to whatever the mount option specifies. i.e. the
behaviour is unchanged.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
      055388a3
  9. 23 12月, 2010 2 次提交
    • D
      xfs: use KM_NOFS for allocations during attribute list operations · 622d8149
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      When listing attributes, we are doiing memory allocations under the
inode ilock using only KM_SLEEP. This allows memory allocation to
recurse back into the filesystem and do writeback, which may the
ilock we already hold on the current inode. THis will deadlock.
Hence use KM_NOFS for such allocations outside of transaction
context to ensure that reclaim recursion does not occur.
Reported-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      622d8149
    • D
      xfs: provide a inode iolock lockdep class · dcfcf205
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      The XFS iolock needs to be re-initialised to a new lock class before
it enters reclaim to prevent lockdep false positives. Unfortunately,
this is not sufficient protection as inodes in the XFS_IRECLAIMABLE
state can be recycled and not re-initialised before being reused.

We need to re-initialise the lock state when transfering out of
XFS_IRECLAIMABLE state to XFS_INEW, but we need to keep the same
class as if the inode was just allocated. Hence we need a specific
lockdep class variable for the iolock so that both initialisations
use the same class.

While there, add a specific class for inodes in the reclaim state so
that it is easy to tell from lockdep reports what state the inode
was in that generated the report.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      dcfcf205
  11. 17 12月, 2010 17 次提交
  13. 10 12月, 2010 1 次提交
    • C
      xfs: log timestamp changes to the source inode in rename · 05340d4a
      由 Christoph Hellwig 提交于 
      Now that we don't mark VFS inodes dirty anymore for internal
timestamp changes, but rely on the transaction subsystem to push
them out, we need to explicitly log the source inode in rename after
updating it's timestamps to make sure the changes actually get
forced out by sync/fsync or an AIL push.

We already account for the fourth inode in the log reservation, as a
rename of directories needs to update the nlink field, so just
adding the xfs_trans_log_inode call is enough.

This fixes the xfsqa 065 regression introduced by:

	"xfs: don't use vfs writeback for pure metadata modifications"
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>
      05340d4a
  15. 01 12月, 2010 5 次提交
    • D
      xfs: only run xfs_error_test if error injection is active · c76febef
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      Recent tests writing lots of small files showed the flusher thread
being CPU bound and taking a long time to do allocations on a debug
kernel. perf showed this as the prime reason:

             samples  pcnt function                    DSO
             _______ _____ ___________________________ _________________

           224648.00 36.8% xfs_error_test              [kernel.kallsyms]
            86045.00 14.1% xfs_btree_check_sblock      [kernel.kallsyms]
            39778.00  6.5% prandom32                   [kernel.kallsyms]
            37436.00  6.1% xfs_btree_increment         [kernel.kallsyms]
            29278.00  4.8% xfs_btree_get_rec           [kernel.kallsyms]
            27717.00  4.5% random32                    [kernel.kallsyms]

Walking btree blocks during allocation checking them requires each
block (a cache hit, so no I/O) call xfs_error_test(), which then
does a random32() call as the first operation.  IOWs, ~50% of the
CPU is being consumed just testing whether we need to inject an
error, even though error injection is not active.

Kill this overhead when error injection is not active by adding a
global counter of active error traps and only calling into
xfs_error_test when fault injection is active.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      c76febef
    • D
      xfs: avoid moving stale inodes in the AIL · de25c181
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      When an inode has been marked stale because the cluster is being
freed, we don't want to (re-)insert this inode into the AIL. There
is a race condition where the cluster buffer may be unpinned before
the inode is inserted into the AIL during transaction committed
processing. If the buffer is unpinned before the inode item has been
committed and inserted, then it is possible for the buffer to be
released and hence processthe stale inode callbacks before the inode
is inserted into the AIL.

In this case, we then insert a clean, stale inode into the AIL which
will never get removed by an IO completion. It will, however, get
reclaimed and that triggers an assert in xfs_inode_free()
complaining about freeing an inode still in the AIL.

This race can be avoided by not moving stale inodes forward in the AIL
during transaction commit completion processing. This closes the
race condition by ensuring we never insert clean stale inodes into
the AIL. It is safe to do this because a dirty stale inode, by
definition, must already be in the AIL.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      de25c181
    • D
      xfs: delayed alloc blocks beyond EOF are valid after writeback · 309c8480
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      There is an assumption in the parts of XFS that flushing a dirty
file will make all the delayed allocation blocks disappear from an
inode. That is, that after calling xfs_flush_pages() then
ip->i_delayed_blks will be zero.

This is an invalid assumption as we may have specualtive
preallocation beyond EOF and they are recorded in
ip->i_delayed_blks. A flush of the dirty pages of an inode will not
change the state of these blocks beyond EOF, so a non-zero
deeelalloc block count after a flush is valid.

The bmap code has an invalid ASSERT() that needs to be removed, and
the swapext code has a bug in that while it swaps the data forks
around, it fails to swap the i_delayed_blks counter associated with
the fork and hence can get the block accounting wrong.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      309c8480
    • D
      xfs: push stale, pinned buffers on trylock failures · 90810b9e
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      As reported by Nick Piggin, XFS is suffering from long pauses under
highly concurrent workloads when hosted on ramdisks. The problem is
that an inode buffer is stuck in the pinned state in memory and as a
result either the inode buffer or one of the inodes within the
buffer is stopping the tail of the log from being moved forward.

The system remains in this state until a periodic log force issued
by xfssyncd causes the buffer to be unpinned. The main problem is
that these are stale buffers, and are hence held locked until the
transaction/checkpoint that marked them state has been committed to
disk. When the filesystem gets into this state, only the xfssyncd
can cause the async transactions to be committed to disk and hence
unpin the inode buffer.

This problem was encountered when scaling the busy extent list, but
only the blocking lock interface was fixed to solve the problem.
Extend the same fix to the buffer trylock operations - if we fail to
lock a pinned, stale buffer, then force the log immediately so that
when the next attempt to lock it comes around, it will have been
unpinned.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      90810b9e
    • D
      xfs: fix failed write truncation handling. · c726de44
      由 Dave Chinner 提交于 
      Since the move to the new truncate sequence we call xfs_setattr to
truncate down excessively instanciated blocks.  As shown by the testcase
in kernel.org BZ #22452 that doesn't work too well.  Due to the confusion
of the internal inode size, and the VFS inode i_size it zeroes data that
it shouldn't.

But full blown truncate seems like overkill here.  We only instanciate
delayed allocations in the write path, and given that we never released
the iolock we can't have converted them to real allocations yet either.

The only nasty case is pre-existing preallocation which we need to skip.
We already do this for page discard during writeback, so make the delayed
allocation block punching a generic function and call it from the failed
write path as well as xfs_aops_discard_page. The callers are
responsible for ensuring that partial blocks are not truncated away,
and that they hold the ilock.

Based on a fix originally from Christoph Hellwig. This version used
filesystem blocks as the range unit.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
      c726de44
  17. 30 11月, 2010 11 次提交