All we need to take care of is using proper RCU list
add/del primitives and inserting a synchronize_rcu()
at one place to make sure the exit notifiers are run
after everybody has stopped iterating the list.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

It turns out that net_alive is unnecessary, and the original problem
that led to it being added was simply that the icmp code thought
it was a network device and wound up being unable to handle packets
while there were still packets in the network namespace.

Now that icmp and tcp have been fixed to properly register themselves
this problem is no longer present and we have a stronger guarantee
that packets will not arrive in a network namespace then that provided
by net_alive in netif_receive_skb.  So remove net_alive allowing
packet reception run a little faster.

Additionally document the strong reason why network namespace cleanup
is safe so that if something happens again someone else will have
a chance of figuring it out.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@aristanetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

It turns out that net_alive is unnecessary, and the original problem
that led to it being added was simply that the icmp code thought
it was a network device and wound up being unable to handle packets
while there were still packets in the network namespace.

Now that icmp and tcp have been fixed to properly register themselves
this problem is no longer present and we have a stronger guarantee
that packets will not arrive in a network namespace then that provided
by net_alive in netif_receive_skb.  So remove net_alive allowing
packet reception run a little faster.

Additionally document the strong reason why network namespace cleanup
is safe so that if something happens again someone else will have
a chance of figuring it out.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@aristanetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch introduces two helpers that deal with reading and writing
struct net pointers in various network structures.

Their implementation depends on CONFIG_NET_NS

For symmetry, both functions work with "struct net **pnet".

Their usage should reduce the number of #ifdef CONFIG_NET_NS,
without adding many helpers for each network structure
that hold a "struct net *pointer"
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

netns ops which are registered with register_pernet_gen_device() are
shutdown strictly before those which are registered with
register_pernet_subsys(). Sometimes this leads to opposite (read: buggy)
shutdown ordering between two modules.

Add register_pernet_gen_subsys()/unregister_pernet_gen_subsys() for modules
which aren't elite enough for entry in struct net, and which can't use
register_pernet_gen_device(). PPTP conntracking module is such one.
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NPatrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

One comment: #ifdefs around #include is necessary to overcome amazing compile
breakages in NOTRACK-in-netns patch (see below).
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NPatrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>

New object: set of sysctls [currently - root and per-net-ns].
Contains: pointer to parent set, list of tables and "should I see this set?"
method (->is_seen(set)).
Current lists of tables are subsumed by that; net-ns contains such a beast.
->lookup() for ctl_table_root returns pointer to ctl_table_set instead of
that to ->list of that ctl_table_set.

[folded compile fixes by rdd for configs without sysctl]
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

The only structure declared within is the netns_mib, which will
carry all our mibs within. I didn't put the mibs in the existing
netns_xxx structures to make it possible to mark this one as
properly aligned and get in a separate "read-mostly" cache-line.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> writes:
> Subject: ICMP sockets destruction vs ICMP packets oops

> After icmp_sk_exit() nuked ICMP sockets, we get an interrupt.
> icmp_reply() wants ICMP socket.
>
> Steps to reproduce:
>
> 	launch shell in new netns
> 	move real NIC to netns
> 	setup routing
> 	ping -i 0
> 	exit from shell
>
> BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000000
> IP: [<ffffffff803fce17>] icmp_sk+0x17/0x30
> PGD 17f3cd067 PUD 17f3ce067 PMD 0 
> Oops: 0000 [1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
> CPU 0 
> Modules linked in: usblp usbcore
> Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.26-rc6-netns-ct #4
> RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff803fce17>]  [<ffffffff803fce17>] icmp_sk+0x17/0x30
> RSP: 0018:ffffffff8057fc30  EFLAGS: 00010286
> RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffff81017c7db900
> RDX: 0000000000000034 RSI: ffff81017c7db900 RDI: ffff81017dc41800
> RBP: ffffffff8057fc40 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 000000000000a815
> R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffffffff8057fd28
> R13: ffffffff8057fd00 R14: ffff81017c7db938 R15: ffff81017dc41800
> FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffffffff80525000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
> CS:  0010 DS: 0018 ES: 0018 CR0: 000000008005003b
> CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 000000017fcda000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
> DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
> DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
> Process swapper (pid: 0, threadinfo ffffffff8053a000, task ffffffff804fa4a0)
> Stack:  0000000000000000 ffff81017c7db900 ffffffff8057fcf0 ffffffff803fcfe4
>  ffffffff804faa38 0000000000000246 0000000000005a40 0000000000000246
>  000000000001ffff ffff81017dd68dc0 0000000000005a40 0000000055342436
> Call Trace:
>  <IRQ>  [<ffffffff803fcfe4>] icmp_reply+0x44/0x1e0
>  [<ffffffff803d3a0a>] ? ip_route_input+0x23a/0x1360
>  [<ffffffff803fd645>] icmp_echo+0x65/0x70
>  [<ffffffff803fd300>] icmp_rcv+0x180/0x1b0
>  [<ffffffff803d6d84>] ip_local_deliver+0xf4/0x1f0
>  [<ffffffff803d71bb>] ip_rcv+0x33b/0x650
>  [<ffffffff803bb16a>] netif_receive_skb+0x27a/0x340
>  [<ffffffff803be57d>] process_backlog+0x9d/0x100
>  [<ffffffff803bdd4d>] net_rx_action+0x18d/0x250
>  [<ffffffff80237be5>] __do_softirq+0x75/0x100
>  [<ffffffff8020c97c>] call_softirq+0x1c/0x30
>  [<ffffffff8020f085>] do_softirq+0x65/0xa0
>  [<ffffffff80237af7>] irq_exit+0x97/0xa0
>  [<ffffffff8020f198>] do_IRQ+0xa8/0x130
>  [<ffffffff80212ee0>] ? mwait_idle+0x0/0x60
>  [<ffffffff8020bc46>] ret_from_intr+0x0/0xf
>  <EOI>  [<ffffffff80212f2c>] ? mwait_idle+0x4c/0x60
>  [<ffffffff80212f23>] ? mwait_idle+0x43/0x60
>  [<ffffffff8020a217>] ? cpu_idle+0x57/0xa0
>  [<ffffffff8040f380>] ? rest_init+0x70/0x80
> Code: 10 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e c9 c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 55 48 89 e5 53
> 48 83 ec 08 48 8b 9f 78 01 00 00 e8 2b c7 f1 ff 89 c0 <48> 8b 04 c3 48 83 c4 08
> 5b c9 c3 66 66 66 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00
> RIP  [<ffffffff803fce17>] icmp_sk+0x17/0x30
>  RSP <ffffffff8057fc30>
> CR2: 0000000000000000
> ---[ end trace ea161157b76b33e8 ]---
> Kernel panic - not syncing: Aiee, killing interrupt handler!

Receiving packets while we are cleaning up a network namespace is a
racy proposition. It is possible when the packet arrives that we have
removed some but not all of the state we need to fully process it.  We
have the choice of either playing wack-a-mole with the cleanup routines
or simply dropping packets when we don't have a network namespace to
handle them.

Since the check looks inexpensive in netif_receive_skb let's just
drop the incoming packets.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This one stores all ctl-heads in one list and restricts the
permissions not give write access to non-init net namespaces.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Make release_net/hold_net noop for performance-hungry people. This is a debug
staff and should be used in the debug mode only.

Add check for net != NULL in hold/release calls. This will be required
later on.

[ Added minor simplifications suggested by Brian Haley. -DaveM ]
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add the elastic array of void * pointer to the struct net.
The access rules are simple:

 1. register the ops with register_pernet_gen_device to get
    the id of your private pointer
 2. call net_assign_generic() to put the private data on the
    struct net (most preferably this should be done in the
    ->init callback of the ops registered)
 3. do not store any private reference on the net_generic array;
 4. do not change this pointer while the net is alive;
 5. use the net_generic() to get the pointer.

When adding a new pointer, I copy the old array, replace it
with a new one and schedule the old for kfree after an RCU
grace period.

Since the net_generic explores the net->gen array inside rcu
read section and once set the net->gen->ptr[x] pointer never 
changes, this grants us a safe access to generic pointers.

Quoting Paul: "... RCU is protecting -only- the net_generic 
structure that net_generic() is traversing, and the [pointer]
returned by net_generic() is protected by a reference counter 
in the upper-level struct net."
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

To make some per-net generic pointers, we need some way to address
them, i.e. - IDs. This is simple IDA-based IDs generator for pernet
subsystems.

Addressing questions about potential checkpoint/restart problems: 
these IDs are "lite-offsets" within the net structure and are by no 
means supposed to be exported to the userspace.

Since it will be used in the nearest future by devices only (tun,
vlan, tunnels, bridge, etc), I make it resemble the functionality
of register_pernet_device().

The new ids is stored in the *id pointer _before_ calling the init
callback to make this id available in this callback.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

According to the overall struct net design, it will be
filled with DCCP-related members.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: NArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This does not look good, but there is no other choice. The compilation
without CONFIG_NET is broken and can not be fixed with ease.

After that there is no need for the following commits:
1567ca7e
3edf8fa5
2d38f9a4

Revert them.
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

There's already some stuff on the struct net, that should better
be folded into netns_core structure. I'm making the per-proto inuse 
counter be per-net also, which is also a candidate for this, so 
introduce this structure and populate it a bit.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Introduce an inline net_eq() to compare two namespaces.
Without CONFIG_NET_NS, since no namespace other than &init_net
exists, it is always 1.

We do not need to convert 1) inline vs inline and
2) inline vs &init_net comparisons.
Signed-off-by: NYOSHIFUJI Hideaki <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>

Current /proc/net is done with so called "shadows", but current
implementation is broken and has little chances to get fixed.

The problem is that dentries subtree of /proc/net directory has
fancy revalidation rules to make processes living in different
net namespaces see different entries in /proc/net subtree, but
currently, tasks see in the /proc/net subdir the contents of any
other namespace, depending on who opened the file first.

The proposed fix is to turn /proc/net into a symlink, which points
to /proc/self/net, which in turn shows what previously was in
/proc/net - the network-related info, from the net namespace the
appropriate task lives in.

# ls -l /proc/net
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 8 Mar  5 15:17 /proc/net -> self/net

In other words - this behaves like /proc/mounts, but unlike
"mounts", "net" is not a file, but a directory.

Changes from v2:
* Fixed discrepancy of /proc/net nlink count and selinux labeling
  screwup pointed out by Stephen.

  To get the correct nlink count the ->getattr callback for /proc/net
  is overridden to read one from the net->proc_net entry.

  To make selinux still work the net->proc_net entry is initialized
  properly, i.e. with the "net" name and the proc_net parent.

Selinux fixes are
Acked-by: NStephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>

Changes from v1:
* Fixed a task_struct leak in get_proc_task_net, pointed out by Paul.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: N"Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In fact all we want is per-netns set of rules, however doing that will
unnecessary complicate routines such as ipt_hook()/ipt_do_table, so
make full xt_table array per-netns.

Every user stubbed with init_net for a while.
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@sw.ru>
Signed-off-by: NPatrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Move static rules_ops & rules_mod_lock to the struct net, register the
pernet subsys to init them and enjoy the fact that the core rules
infrastructure works in the namespace.

Real IPv4 fib rules virtualization requires fib tables support in the
namespace and will be done seriously later in the patchset.
Acked-by: NBenjamin Thery <benjamin.thery@bull.net>
Acked-by: NDaniel Lezcano <dlezcano@fr.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Like the ipv4 part, this patch adds an ipv6 structure in the net
structure to aggregate the different resources to make ipv6 per
namespace.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Lezcano <dlezcano@fr.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The ipv4 will store its parameters inside this structure.
This one is empty now, but it will be eventually filled.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Recently David Miller and Herbert Xu pointed out that struct net becomes
overbloated and un-maintainable. There are two solutions:
- provide a pointer to a network subsystem definition from struct net.
  This costs an additional dereferrence
- place sub-system definition into the structure itself. This will speedup
  run-time access at the cost of recompilation time

The second approach looks better for us. Other sub-systems will follow.
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Acked-by: NDaniel Lezcano <dlezcano@fr.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Just move the variable on the struct net and adjust
its usage.

Others sysctls from sys.net.core table are more
difficult to virtualize (i.e. make them per-namespace),
but I'll look at them as well a bit later.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@oenvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Making them per-namespace is required for the following
two reasons:

 First, some ctl values have a per-namespace meaning.
 Second, making them writable from the sub-namespace
 is an isolation hole.

So I introduce the pernet operations to create these
tables. For init_net I use the existing statically
declared tables, for sub-namespace they are duplicated
and the write bits are removed from the mode.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This is the core.

 * add the ctl_table_header on the struct net;
 * make the unix_sysctl_register and _unregister clone the table;
 * moves calls to them into per-net init and exit callbacks;
 * move the .data pointer in the proper place.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This will make all the sub-namespaces always use the
default value (10) and leave the tuning via sysctl
to the init namespace only.

Per-namespace tuning is coming.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Acked-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The user interface is: register_net_sysctl_table and
unregister_net_sysctl_table.  Very much like the current
interface except there is a network namespace parameter.

With this any sysctl registered with register_net_sysctl_table
will only show up to tasks in the same network namespace.

All other sysctls continue to be globally visible.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <dlezcano@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NHerbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This is done by making packet_sklist_lock and packet_sklist per
network namespace and adding an additional filter condition on
received packets to ensure they came from the proper network
namespace.

Changes from v1:
- prohibit to call inet_dgram_ops.ioctl in other than init_net
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

After this patch none of the netlink callback support anything
except the initial network namespace but the rtnetlink infrastructure
now handles multiple network namespaces.

Changes from v2:
- IPv6 addrlabel processing

Changes from v1:
- no need for special rtnl_unlock handling
- fixed IPv6 ndisc
Signed-off-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch reverts Eric's commit 2b008b0a

It diets .text & .data section of the kernel if CONFIG_NET_NS is not set.
This is safe after list operations cleanup.
Signed-of-by: NDenis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When the CONFIG_NET_NS is n there's no need in refcounting
the initial net namespace. So relax this code by making a
stupid stubs for the "n" case.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

It is not safe to to place struct pernet_operations in a special section.
We need struct pernet_operations to last until we call unregister_pernet_subsys.
Which doesn't happen until module unload.

So marking struct pernet_operations is a disaster for modules in two ways.
- We discard it before we call the exit method it points to.
- Because I keep struct pernet_operations on a linked list discarding
  it for compiled in code removes elements in the middle of a linked
  list and does horrible things for linked insert.

So this looks safe assuming __exit_refok is not discarded
for modules.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

With the net namespaces many code leaved the __init section,
thus making the kernel occupy more memory than it did before.
Since we have a config option that prohibits the namespace
creation, the functions that initialize/finalize some netns
stuff are simply not needed and can be freed after the boot.

Currently, this is almost not noticeable, since few calls
are no longer in __init, but when the namespaces will be
merged it will be possible to free more code. I propose to
use the __net_init, __net_exit and __net_initdata "attributes"
for functions/variables that are not used if the CONFIG_NET_NS
is not set to save more space in memory.

The exiting functions cannot just reside in the __exit section,
as noticed by David, since the init section will have
references on it and the compilation will fail due to modpost
checks. These references can exist, since the init namespace
never dies and the exit callbacks are never called. So I
introduce the __exit_refok attribute just like it is already
done with the __init_refok.
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Denis V. Lunev <den@sw.ru> noticed that the locking rules
for the network namespace list are over complicated and broken.

In particular the current register_netdev_notifier currently
does not take any lock making the for_each_net iteration racy
with network namespace creation and destruction. Oops.

The fact that we need to use for_each_net in rtnl_unlock() when
the rtnetlink support becomes per network namespace makes designing
the proper locking tricky.  In addition we need to be able to call
rtnl_lock() and rtnl_unlock() when we have the net_mutex held.

After thinking about it and looking at the alternatives carefully
it looks like the simplest and most maintainable solution is
to remove net_list_mutex altogether, and to use the rtnl_mutex instead.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch makes loopback_dev per network namespace.  Adding
code to create a different loopback device for each network
namespace and adding the code to free a loopback device
when a network namespace exits.

This patch modifies all users the loopback_dev so they
access it as init_net.loopback_dev, keeping all of the
code compiling and working.  A later pass will be needed to
update the users to use something other than the initial network
namespace.
Signed-off-by: NEric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>