It is no longer used after commit e837735e
(ip6_tunnel: ensure to always have a link local address).

Cc: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NCong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Userspace applications can use IFA_F_MANAGETEMPADDR with RTM_NEWADDR
already to indicate that the kernel should take care of temporary
address management.

This patch adds related functionality to RTM_DELADDR. By setting
IFA_F_MANAGETEMPADDR a userspace application can indicate that the kernel
should delete all related temporary addresses as well.

A corresponding patch for the "ip addr del" command has been applied to
iproute2 already.
Signed-off-by: NHeiner Kallweit <heiner.kallweit@web.de>
Reviewed-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

addrconf_join_solict and addrconf_join_anycast may cause actions which
need rtnl locked, especially on first address creation.

A new DAD state is introduced which defers processing of the initial
DAD processing into a workqueue.

To get rtnl lock we need to push the code paths which depend on those
calls up to workqueues, specifically addrconf_verify and the DAD
processing.

(v2)
addrconf_dad_failure needs to be queued up to the workqueue, too. This
patch introduces a new DAD state and stop the DAD processing in the
workqueue (this is because of the possible ipv6_del_addr processing
which removes the solicited multicast address from the device).

addrconf_verify_lock is removed, too. After the transition it is not
needed any more.

As we are not processing in bottom half anymore we need to be a bit more
careful about disabling bottom half out when we lock spin_locks which are also
used in bh.

Relevant backtrace:
[  541.030090] RTNL: assertion failed at net/core/dev.c (4496)
[  541.031143] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G           O 3.10.33-1-amd64-vyatta #1
[  541.031145] Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2007
[  541.031146]  ffffffff8148a9f0 000000000000002f ffffffff813c98c1 ffff88007c4451f8
[  541.031148]  0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffffffff813d3540 ffff88007fc03d18
[  541.031150]  0000880000000006 ffff88007c445000 ffffffffa0194160 0000000000000000
[  541.031152] Call Trace:
[  541.031153]  <IRQ>  [<ffffffff8148a9f0>] ? dump_stack+0xd/0x17
[  541.031180]  [<ffffffff813c98c1>] ? __dev_set_promiscuity+0x101/0x180
[  541.031183]  [<ffffffff813d3540>] ? __hw_addr_create_ex+0x60/0xc0
[  541.031185]  [<ffffffff813cfe1a>] ? __dev_set_rx_mode+0xaa/0xc0
[  541.031189]  [<ffffffff813d3a81>] ? __dev_mc_add+0x61/0x90
[  541.031198]  [<ffffffffa01dcf9c>] ? igmp6_group_added+0xfc/0x1a0 [ipv6]
[  541.031208]  [<ffffffff8111237b>] ? kmem_cache_alloc+0xcb/0xd0
[  541.031212]  [<ffffffffa01ddcd7>] ? ipv6_dev_mc_inc+0x267/0x300 [ipv6]
[  541.031216]  [<ffffffffa01c2fae>] ? addrconf_join_solict+0x2e/0x40 [ipv6]
[  541.031219]  [<ffffffffa01ba2e9>] ? ipv6_dev_ac_inc+0x159/0x1f0 [ipv6]
[  541.031223]  [<ffffffffa01c0772>] ? addrconf_join_anycast+0x92/0xa0 [ipv6]
[  541.031226]  [<ffffffffa01c311e>] ? __ipv6_ifa_notify+0x11e/0x1e0 [ipv6]
[  541.031229]  [<ffffffffa01c3213>] ? ipv6_ifa_notify+0x33/0x50 [ipv6]
[  541.031233]  [<ffffffffa01c36c8>] ? addrconf_dad_completed+0x28/0x100 [ipv6]
[  541.031241]  [<ffffffff81075c1d>] ? task_cputime+0x2d/0x50
[  541.031244]  [<ffffffffa01c38d6>] ? addrconf_dad_timer+0x136/0x150 [ipv6]
[  541.031247]  [<ffffffffa01c37a0>] ? addrconf_dad_completed+0x100/0x100 [ipv6]
[  541.031255]  [<ffffffff8105313a>] ? call_timer_fn.isra.22+0x2a/0x90
[  541.031258]  [<ffffffffa01c37a0>] ? addrconf_dad_completed+0x100/0x100 [ipv6]

Hunks and backtrace stolen from a patch by Stephen Hemminger.
Reported-by: NStephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

tmp_prefered_lft is an offset to ifp->tstamp, not now. Therefore
age needs to be added to the condition.

Age calculation in ipv6_create_tempaddr is different from the one
in addrconf_verify and doesn't consider ADDRCONF_TIMER_FUZZ_MINUS.
This can cause age in ipv6_create_tempaddr to be less than the one
in addrconf_verify and therefore unnecessary temporary address to
be generated.
Use age calculation as in addrconf_modify to avoid this.
Signed-off-by: NHeiner Kallweit <heiner.kallweit@web.de>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This bug was reported by Steinar H. Gunderson and was introduced by commit
f7cb8886 ("sit/gre6: don't try to add the same route two times").

root@morgental:~# ip tunnel add foo mode gre remote 1.2.3.4 ttl 64
root@morgental:~# ip link set foo up mtu 1468
root@morgental:~# ip -6 route show dev foo
fe80::/64  proto kernel  metric 256

but after the above commit, no such route shows up.

There is no link local route because dev->dev_addr is 0 (because local ipv4
address is 0), hence no link local address is configured.

In this scenario, the link local address is added manually: 'ip -6 addr add
fe80::1 dev foo' and because prefix is /128, no link local route is added by the
kernel.

Even if the right things to do is to add the link local address with a /64
prefix, we need to restore the previous behavior to avoid breaking userpace.
Reported-by: NSteinar H. Gunderson <sesse@samfundet.no>
Signed-off-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

commit 25fb6ca4
"net IPv6 : Fix broken IPv6 routing table after loopback down-up"
allocates addrconf router for ipv6 address when lo device up.
but commit a881ae1f
"ipv6:don't call addrconf_dst_alloc again when enable lo" breaks
this behavior.

Since the addrconf router is moved to the garbage list when
lo device down, we should release this router and rellocate
a new one for ipv6 address when lo device up.

This patch solves bug 67951 on bugzilla
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=67951

change from v1:
use ip6_rt_put to repleace ip6_del_rt, thanks Hannes!
change code style, suggested by Sergei.

CC: Sabrina Dubroca <sd@queasysnail.net>
CC: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Reported-by: NWeilong Chen <chenweilong@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NWeilong Chen <chenweilong@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NGao feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

ipv6_link_dev_addr sorts newly added addresses by scope in
ifp->addr_list. Smaller scope addresses are added to the tail of the
list. Use this fact to iterate in reverse over addr_list and break out
as soon as a higher scoped one showes up, so we can spare some cycles
on machines with lot's of addresses.

The ordering of the addresses is not relevant and we are more likely to
get the eui64 generated address with this change anyway.
Suggested-by: NBrian Haley <brian.haley@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In commit 1ec047eb ("ipv6: introduce per-interface counter for
dad-completed ipv6 addresses") I build the detection of the first
operational link-local address much to complex. Additionally this code
now has a race condition.

Replace it with a much simpler variant, which just scans the address
list when duplicate address detection completes, to check if this is
the first valid link local address and send RS and MLD reports then.

Fixes: 1ec047eb ("ipv6: introduce per-interface counter for dad-completed ipv6 addresses")
Reported-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Cc: Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Acked-by: NFlavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Refactor the deletion/update of prefix routes when removing an
address. Now also consider IFA_F_NOPREFIXROUTE and if there is an address
present with this flag, to not cleanup the route. Instead, assume
that userspace is taking care of this route.

Also perform the same cleanup, when userspace changes an existing address
to add NOPREFIXROUTE (to an address that didn't have this flag). This is
done because when the address was added, a prefix route was created for it.
Since the user now wants to handle this route by himself, we cleanup this
route.

This cleanup of the route is not totally robust. There is no guarantee,
that the route we are about to delete was really the one added by the
kernel. This behavior does not change by the patch, and in practice it
should work just fine.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Haller <thaller@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When adding/modifying an IPv6 address, the userspace application needs
a way to suppress adding a prefix route. This is for example relevant
together with IFA_F_MANAGERTEMPADDR, where userspace creates autoconf
generated addresses, but depending on on-link, no route for the
prefix should be added.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Haller <thaller@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NStephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch removes the net_random and net_srandom macros and replaces
them with direct calls to the prandom ones. As new commits only seem to
use prandom_u32 there is no use to keep them around.
This change makes it easier to grep for users of prandom_u32.
Signed-off-by: NAruna-Hewapathirane <aruna.hewapathirane@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In the past the IFA_PERMANENT flag indicated, that the valid and preferred
lifetime where ignored. Since change fad8da3e ("ipv6 addrconf: fix
preferred lifetime state-changing behavior while valid_lft is infinity")
we honour at least the preferred lifetime on those addresses. As such
the valid lifetime gets recalculated and updated to 0.

If loopback address is added manually this problem does not occur.
Also if NetworkManager manages IPv6, those addresses will get added via
inet6_rtm_newaddr and thus will have a correct lifetime, too.
Reported-by: NFrançois-Xavier Le Bail <fx.lebail@yahoo.com>
Reported-by: NDamien Wyart <damien.wyart@gmail.com>
Fixes: fad8da3e ("ipv6 addrconf: fix preferred lifetime state-changing behavior while valid_lft is infinity")
Cc: Yasushi Asano <yasushi.asano@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

It does not make sense to create an anycast address for an /128-prefix.
Suppress it.

As 32019e65 ("ipv6: Do not leave router anycast address for /127
prefixes.") shows we also may not leave them, because we could accidentally
remove an anycast address the user has allocated or got added via another
prefix.

Cc: François-Xavier Le Bail <fx.lebail@yahoo.com>
Cc: Thomas Haller <thaller@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Fixed a problem with setting the lifetime of an IPv6
address. When setting preferred_lft to a value not zero or
infinity, while valid_lft is infinity(0xffffffff) preferred
lifetime is set to forever and does not update. Therefore
preferred lifetime never becomes deprecated. valid lifetime
and preferred lifetime should be set independently, even if
valid lifetime is infinity, preferred lifetime must expire
correctly (meaning it must eventually become deprecated)
Signed-off-by: NYasushi Asano <yasushi.asano@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The function __rtnl_af_register is never called outside this
code, and the return value is always 0.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Since addrconf_get_prefix_route inputs the address prefix to fib6_locate,
which does not uses the data which is out of the prefix_len length,
so do not need to use ipv6_addr_prefix to get address prefix.
Signed-off-by: NLi RongQing <roy.qing.li@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Need to be able to see changes to proxy NDP status on a per
interface basis via netlink (analog to proxy_arp).
Signed-off-by: NStephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Acked-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NJukka Rissanen <jukka.rissanen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NMarcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>

Turned out that applications like ifconfig do not handle the change.
So revert ifa_flag format back to 2-letter hex value.

Introduced by:
commit 479840ff
    "ipv6 addrconf: extend ifa_flags to u32"
Reported-by: NAlexander Aring <alex.aring@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Tested-by: NFLorent Fourcot <florent.fourcot@enst-bretagne.fr>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Make the behaviour similar to ipv4. This will allow user to set sysctl
default neigh param values and these values will be respected even by
devices registered before (that ones what do not have address set yet).
Signed-off-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch converts the neigh param members to an array. This allows easier
manipulation which will be needed later on to provide better management of
default values.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Creating an address with this flag set will result in kernel taking care
of temporary addresses in the same way as if the address was created by
kernel itself (after RA receive). This allows userspace applications
implementing the autoconfiguration (NetworkManager for example) to
implement ipv6 addresses privacy.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Haller <thaller@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

There is no more space in u8 ifa_flags. So do what davem suffested and
add another netlink attr called IFA_FLAGS for carry more flags.
Signed-off-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Haller <thaller@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NFrancois-Xavier Le Bail <fx.lebail@yahoo.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

addrconf_add_linklocal() already adds the link local route, so there is no
reason to add it before calling this function.
Signed-off-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When a link local address was added to a sit interface, the corresponding route
was not configured. This breaks routing protocols that use the link local
address, like OSPFv3.

To ease the code reading, I remove sit_route_add(), which only adds v4 mapped
routes, and add this kind of route directly in sit_add_v4_addrs(). Thus link
local and v4 mapped routes are configured in the same place.
Reported-by: NLi Hongjun <hongjun.li@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When the local IPv4 endpoint is wilcard (0.0.0.0), the prefix length is
correctly set, ie 64 if the address is a link local one or 96 if the address is
a v4 mapped one.
But when the local endpoint is specified, the prefix length is set to 128 for
both kind of address. This patch fix this wrong prefix length.
Signed-off-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In order to enable lockdep on seqcount/seqlock structures, we
must explicitly initialize any locks.

The u64_stats_sync structure, uses a seqcount, and thus we need
to introduce a u64_stats_init() function and use it to initialize
the structure.

This unfortunately adds a lot of fairly trivial initialization code
to a number of drivers. But the benefit of ensuring correctness makes
this worth while.

Because these changes are required for lockdep to be enabled, and the
changes are quite trivial, I've not yet split this patch out into 30-some
separate patches, as I figured it would be better to get the various
maintainers thoughts on how to best merge this change along with
the seqcount lockdep enablement.

Feedback would be appreciated!
Signed-off-by: NJohn Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NJulian Anastasov <ja@ssi.bg>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Alexey Kuznetsov <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Hideaki YOSHIFUJI <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Mirko Lindner <mlindner@marvell.com>
Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Cc: Roger Luethi <rl@hellgate.ch>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Simon Horman <horms@verge.net.au>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Wensong Zhang <wensong@linux-vs.org>
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381186321-4906-2-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.orgSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

The code for privacy extentions is very mature, and making it
configurable only gives marginal memory/code savings in exchange
for obfuscation and hard to read code via CPP ifdef'ery.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Consider the scenario where an IPv6 router is advertising a fixed
preferred_lft of 1800 seconds, while the valid_lft begins at 3600
seconds and counts down in realtime.

A client should reset its preferred_lft to 1800 every time the RA is
received, but a bug is causing Linux to ignore the update.

The core problem is here:
  if (prefered_lft != ifp->prefered_lft) {

Note that ifp->prefered_lft is an offset, so it doesn't decrease over
time.  Thus, the comparison is always (1800 != 1800), which fails to
trigger an update.

The most direct solution would be to compute a "stored_prefered_lft",
and use that value in the comparison.  But I think that trying to filter
out unnecessary updates here is a premature optimization.  In order for
the filter to apply, both of these would need to hold:

  - The advertised valid_lft and preferred_lft are both declining in
    real time.
  - No clock skew exists between the router & client.

So in this patch, I've set "update_lft = 1" unconditionally, which
allows the surrounding code to be greatly simplified.
Signed-off-by: NPaul Marks <pmarks@google.com>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When a router is doing DNAT for 6to4/6rd packets the latest
anti-spoofing commit 218774dc ("ipv6: add anti-spoofing checks for
6to4 and 6rd") will drop them because the IPv6 address embedded does
not match the IPv4 destination. This patch will allow them to pass by
testing if we have an address that matches on 6to4/6rd interface.  I
have been hit by this problem using Fedora and IPV6TO4_IPV4ADDR.
Also, log the dropped packets (with rate limit).
Signed-off-by: NCatalin(ux) M. BOIE <catab@embedromix.ro>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This two-liner removes max_addresses variable which is now unecessary related
to patch [ipv6: remove max_addresses check from ipv6_create_tempaddr].
Signed-off-by: NPetr Holasek <pholasek@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Acked-by: NDing Tianhong <dingtianhong@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

in6_dev_put() will be needed by vxlan module, so is
in6_dev_finish_destroy().

Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NCong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Because vxlan module will call ip6_dst_lookup() in TX path,
which will hold write lock. So we have to release this write lock
before calling ndisc_send_rs(), otherwise could deadlock.
Reviewed-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NCong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

It is needed by vxlan module. Noticed by Mike.

Cc: Mike Rapoport <mike.rapoport@ravellosystems.com>
Signed-off-by: NCong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch implements RFC6980: Drop fragmented ndisc packets by
default. If a fragmented ndisc packet is received the user is informed
that it is possible to disable the check.

Cc: Fernando Gont <fernando@gont.com.ar>
Cc: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
Signed-off-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When an Xin6 tunnel is set up, we check other netdevices to inherit the link-
local address. If none is available, the interface will not have any link-local
address. RFC4862 expects that each interface has a link local address.

Now than this kind of tunnels supports x-netns, it's easy to fall in this case
(by creating the tunnel in a netns where ethernet interfaces stand and then
moving it to a other netns where no ethernet interface is available).

RFC4291, Appendix A suggests two methods: the first is the one currently
implemented, the second is to generate a unique identifier, so that we can
always generate the link-local address. Let's use eth_random_addr() to generate
this interface indentifier.

I remove completly the previous method, hence for the whole life of the
interface, the link-local address remains the same (previously, it depends on
which ethernet interfaces were up when the tunnel interface was set up).
Signed-off-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This reverts commit df8372ca.

These changes are buggy and make unintended semantic changes
to ip6_tnl_add_linklocal().
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>