super.c

/*
 * fs/f2fs/super.c
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2012 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
 *             http://www.samsung.com/
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 */
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/statfs.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/parser.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/exportfs.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/f2fs_fs.h>
#include <linux/sysfs.h>

#include "f2fs.h"
#include "node.h"
#include "segment.h"
#include "xattr.h"
#include "gc.h"
#include "trace.h"

#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
#include <trace/events/f2fs.h>

static struct proc_dir_entry *f2fs_proc_root;
static struct kmem_cache *f2fs_inode_cachep;
static struct kset *f2fs_kset;

/* f2fs-wide shrinker description */
static struct shrinker f2fs_shrinker_info = {
	.scan_objects = f2fs_shrink_scan,
	.count_objects = f2fs_shrink_count,
	.seeks = DEFAULT_SEEKS,
};

enum {
	Opt_gc_background,
	Opt_disable_roll_forward,
	Opt_norecovery,
	Opt_discard,
	Opt_noheap,
	Opt_user_xattr,
	Opt_nouser_xattr,
	Opt_acl,
	Opt_noacl,
	Opt_active_logs,
	Opt_disable_ext_identify,
	Opt_inline_xattr,
	Opt_inline_data,
	Opt_inline_dentry,
	Opt_flush_merge,
	Opt_nobarrier,
	Opt_fastboot,
	Opt_extent_cache,
	Opt_noextent_cache,
	Opt_noinline_data,
	Opt_err,
};

static match_table_t f2fs_tokens = {
	{Opt_gc_background, "background_gc=%s"},
	{Opt_disable_roll_forward, "disable_roll_forward"},
	{Opt_norecovery, "norecovery"},
	{Opt_discard, "discard"},
	{Opt_noheap, "no_heap"},
	{Opt_user_xattr, "user_xattr"},
	{Opt_nouser_xattr, "nouser_xattr"},
	{Opt_acl, "acl"},
	{Opt_noacl, "noacl"},
	{Opt_active_logs, "active_logs=%u"},
	{Opt_disable_ext_identify, "disable_ext_identify"},
	{Opt_inline_xattr, "inline_xattr"},
	{Opt_inline_data, "inline_data"},
	{Opt_inline_dentry, "inline_dentry"},
	{Opt_flush_merge, "flush_merge"},
	{Opt_nobarrier, "nobarrier"},
	{Opt_fastboot, "fastboot"},
	{Opt_extent_cache, "extent_cache"},
	{Opt_noextent_cache, "noextent_cache"},
	{Opt_noinline_data, "noinline_data"},
	{Opt_err, NULL},
};

/* Sysfs support for f2fs */
enum {
	GC_THREAD,	/* struct f2fs_gc_thread */
	SM_INFO,	/* struct f2fs_sm_info */
	NM_INFO,	/* struct f2fs_nm_info */
	F2FS_SBI,	/* struct f2fs_sb_info */
};

struct f2fs_attr {
	struct attribute attr;
	ssize_t (*show)(struct f2fs_attr *, struct f2fs_sb_info *, char *);
	ssize_t (*store)(struct f2fs_attr *, struct f2fs_sb_info *,
			 const char *, size_t);
	int struct_type;
	int offset;
};

static unsigned char *__struct_ptr(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int struct_type)
{
	if (struct_type == GC_THREAD)
		return (unsigned char *)sbi->gc_thread;
	else if (struct_type == SM_INFO)
		return (unsigned char *)SM_I(sbi);
	else if (struct_type == NM_INFO)
		return (unsigned char *)NM_I(sbi);
	else if (struct_type == F2FS_SBI)
		return (unsigned char *)sbi;
	return NULL;
}

static ssize_t f2fs_sbi_show(struct f2fs_attr *a,
			struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, char *buf)
{
	unsigned char *ptr = NULL;
	unsigned int *ui;

	ptr = __struct_ptr(sbi, a->struct_type);
	if (!ptr)
		return -EINVAL;

	ui = (unsigned int *)(ptr + a->offset);

	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", *ui);
}

static ssize_t f2fs_sbi_store(struct f2fs_attr *a,
			struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
			const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	unsigned char *ptr;
	unsigned long t;
	unsigned int *ui;
	ssize_t ret;

	ptr = __struct_ptr(sbi, a->struct_type);
	if (!ptr)
		return -EINVAL;

	ui = (unsigned int *)(ptr + a->offset);

	ret = kstrtoul(skip_spaces(buf), 0, &t);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;
	*ui = t;
	return count;
}

static ssize_t f2fs_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
				struct attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = container_of(kobj, struct f2fs_sb_info,
								s_kobj);
	struct f2fs_attr *a = container_of(attr, struct f2fs_attr, attr);

	return a->show ? a->show(a, sbi, buf) : 0;
}

static ssize_t f2fs_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr,
						const char *buf, size_t len)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = container_of(kobj, struct f2fs_sb_info,
									s_kobj);
	struct f2fs_attr *a = container_of(attr, struct f2fs_attr, attr);

	return a->store ? a->store(a, sbi, buf, len) : 0;
}

static void f2fs_sb_release(struct kobject *kobj)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = container_of(kobj, struct f2fs_sb_info,
								s_kobj);
	complete(&sbi->s_kobj_unregister);
}

#define F2FS_ATTR_OFFSET(_struct_type, _name, _mode, _show, _store, _offset) \
static struct f2fs_attr f2fs_attr_##_name = {			\
	.attr = {.name = __stringify(_name), .mode = _mode },	\
	.show	= _show,					\
	.store	= _store,					\
	.struct_type = _struct_type,				\
	.offset = _offset					\
}

#define F2FS_RW_ATTR(struct_type, struct_name, name, elname)	\
	F2FS_ATTR_OFFSET(struct_type, name, 0644,		\
		f2fs_sbi_show, f2fs_sbi_store,			\
		offsetof(struct struct_name, elname))

F2FS_RW_ATTR(GC_THREAD, f2fs_gc_kthread, gc_min_sleep_time, min_sleep_time);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(GC_THREAD, f2fs_gc_kthread, gc_max_sleep_time, max_sleep_time);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(GC_THREAD, f2fs_gc_kthread, gc_no_gc_sleep_time, no_gc_sleep_time);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(GC_THREAD, f2fs_gc_kthread, gc_idle, gc_idle);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, reclaim_segments, rec_prefree_segments);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, max_small_discards, max_discards);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, batched_trim_sections, trim_sections);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, ipu_policy, ipu_policy);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, min_ipu_util, min_ipu_util);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, min_fsync_blocks, min_fsync_blocks);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(NM_INFO, f2fs_nm_info, ram_thresh, ram_thresh);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(NM_INFO, f2fs_nm_info, ra_nid_pages, ra_nid_pages);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(F2FS_SBI, f2fs_sb_info, max_victim_search, max_victim_search);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(F2FS_SBI, f2fs_sb_info, dir_level, dir_level);
F2FS_RW_ATTR(F2FS_SBI, f2fs_sb_info, cp_interval, cp_interval);

#define ATTR_LIST(name) (&f2fs_attr_##name.attr)
static struct attribute *f2fs_attrs[] = {
	ATTR_LIST(gc_min_sleep_time),
	ATTR_LIST(gc_max_sleep_time),
	ATTR_LIST(gc_no_gc_sleep_time),
	ATTR_LIST(gc_idle),
	ATTR_LIST(reclaim_segments),
	ATTR_LIST(max_small_discards),
	ATTR_LIST(batched_trim_sections),
	ATTR_LIST(ipu_policy),
	ATTR_LIST(min_ipu_util),
	ATTR_LIST(min_fsync_blocks),
	ATTR_LIST(max_victim_search),
	ATTR_LIST(dir_level),
	ATTR_LIST(ram_thresh),
	ATTR_LIST(ra_nid_pages),
	ATTR_LIST(cp_interval),
	NULL,
};

static const struct sysfs_ops f2fs_attr_ops = {
	.show	= f2fs_attr_show,
	.store	= f2fs_attr_store,
};

static struct kobj_type f2fs_ktype = {
	.default_attrs	= f2fs_attrs,
	.sysfs_ops	= &f2fs_attr_ops,
	.release	= f2fs_sb_release,
};

void f2fs_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *level, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	struct va_format vaf;
	va_list args;

	va_start(args, fmt);
	vaf.fmt = fmt;
	vaf.va = &args;
	printk("%sF2FS-fs (%s): %pV\n", level, sb->s_id, &vaf);
	va_end(args);
}

static void init_once(void *foo)
{
	struct f2fs_inode_info *fi = (struct f2fs_inode_info *) foo;

	inode_init_once(&fi->vfs_inode);
}

static int parse_options(struct super_block *sb, char *options)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(sb);
	struct request_queue *q;
	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
	char *p, *name;
	int arg = 0;

	if (!options)
		return 0;

	while ((p = strsep(&options, ",")) != NULL) {
		int token;
		if (!*p)
			continue;
		/*
		 * Initialize args struct so we know whether arg was
		 * found; some options take optional arguments.
		 */
		args[0].to = args[0].from = NULL;
		token = match_token(p, f2fs_tokens, args);

		switch (token) {
		case Opt_gc_background:
			name = match_strdup(&args[0]);

			if (!name)
				return -ENOMEM;
			if (strlen(name) == 2 && !strncmp(name, "on", 2)) {
				set_opt(sbi, BG_GC);
				clear_opt(sbi, FORCE_FG_GC);
			} else if (strlen(name) == 3 && !strncmp(name, "off", 3)) {
				clear_opt(sbi, BG_GC);
				clear_opt(sbi, FORCE_FG_GC);
			} else if (strlen(name) == 4 && !strncmp(name, "sync", 4)) {
				set_opt(sbi, BG_GC);
				set_opt(sbi, FORCE_FG_GC);
			} else {
				kfree(name);
				return -EINVAL;
			}
			kfree(name);
			break;
		case Opt_disable_roll_forward:
			set_opt(sbi, DISABLE_ROLL_FORWARD);
			break;
		case Opt_norecovery:
			/* this option mounts f2fs with ro */
			set_opt(sbi, DISABLE_ROLL_FORWARD);
			if (!f2fs_readonly(sb))
				return -EINVAL;
			break;
		case Opt_discard:
			q = bdev_get_queue(sb->s_bdev);
			if (blk_queue_discard(q)) {
				set_opt(sbi, DISCARD);
			} else {
				f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
					"mounting with \"discard\" option, but "
					"the device does not support discard");
			}
			break;
		case Opt_noheap:
			set_opt(sbi, NOHEAP);
			break;
#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_XATTR
		case Opt_user_xattr:
			set_opt(sbi, XATTR_USER);
			break;
		case Opt_nouser_xattr:
			clear_opt(sbi, XATTR_USER);
			break;
		case Opt_inline_xattr:
			set_opt(sbi, INLINE_XATTR);
			break;
#else
		case Opt_user_xattr:
			f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
				"user_xattr options not supported");
			break;
		case Opt_nouser_xattr:
			f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
				"nouser_xattr options not supported");
			break;
		case Opt_inline_xattr:
			f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
				"inline_xattr options not supported");
			break;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_POSIX_ACL
		case Opt_acl:
			set_opt(sbi, POSIX_ACL);
			break;
		case Opt_noacl:
			clear_opt(sbi, POSIX_ACL);
			break;
#else
		case Opt_acl:
			f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "acl options not supported");
			break;
		case Opt_noacl:
			f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "noacl options not supported");
			break;
#endif
		case Opt_active_logs:
			if (args->from && match_int(args, &arg))
				return -EINVAL;
			if (arg != 2 && arg != 4 && arg != NR_CURSEG_TYPE)
				return -EINVAL;
			sbi->active_logs = arg;
			break;
		case Opt_disable_ext_identify:
			set_opt(sbi, DISABLE_EXT_IDENTIFY);
			break;
		case Opt_inline_data:
			set_opt(sbi, INLINE_DATA);
			break;
		case Opt_inline_dentry:
			set_opt(sbi, INLINE_DENTRY);
			break;
		case Opt_flush_merge:
			set_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE);
			break;
		case Opt_nobarrier:
			set_opt(sbi, NOBARRIER);
			break;
		case Opt_fastboot:
			set_opt(sbi, FASTBOOT);
			break;
		case Opt_extent_cache:
			set_opt(sbi, EXTENT_CACHE);
			break;
		case Opt_noextent_cache:
			clear_opt(sbi, EXTENT_CACHE);
			break;
		case Opt_noinline_data:
			clear_opt(sbi, INLINE_DATA);
			break;
		default:
			f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
				"Unrecognized mount option \"%s\" or missing value",
				p);
			return -EINVAL;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

static struct inode *f2fs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
{
	struct f2fs_inode_info *fi;

	fi = kmem_cache_alloc(f2fs_inode_cachep, GFP_F2FS_ZERO);
	if (!fi)
		return NULL;

	init_once((void *) fi);

	/* Initialize f2fs-specific inode info */
	fi->vfs_inode.i_version = 1;
	atomic_set(&fi->dirty_pages, 0);
	fi->i_current_depth = 1;
	fi->i_advise = 0;
	init_rwsem(&fi->i_sem);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fi->dirty_list);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fi->inmem_pages);
	mutex_init(&fi->inmem_lock);

	set_inode_flag(fi, FI_NEW_INODE);

	if (test_opt(F2FS_SB(sb), INLINE_XATTR))
		set_inode_flag(fi, FI_INLINE_XATTR);

	/* Will be used by directory only */
	fi->i_dir_level = F2FS_SB(sb)->dir_level;

#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_ENCRYPTION
	fi->i_crypt_info = NULL;
#endif
	return &fi->vfs_inode;
}

static int f2fs_drop_inode(struct inode *inode)
{
	/*
	 * This is to avoid a deadlock condition like below.
	 * writeback_single_inode(inode)
	 *  - f2fs_write_data_page
	 *    - f2fs_gc -> iput -> evict
	 *       - inode_wait_for_writeback(inode)
	 */
	if (!inode_unhashed(inode) && inode->i_state & I_SYNC) {
		if (!inode->i_nlink && !is_bad_inode(inode)) {
			/* to avoid evict_inode call simultaneously */
			atomic_inc(&inode->i_count);
			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);

			/* some remained atomic pages should discarded */
			if (f2fs_is_atomic_file(inode))
				commit_inmem_pages(inode, true);

			/* should remain fi->extent_tree for writepage */
			f2fs_destroy_extent_node(inode);

			sb_start_intwrite(inode->i_sb);
			i_size_write(inode, 0);

			if (F2FS_HAS_BLOCKS(inode))
				f2fs_truncate(inode, true);

			sb_end_intwrite(inode->i_sb);

#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_ENCRYPTION
			if (F2FS_I(inode)->i_crypt_info)
				f2fs_free_encryption_info(inode,
					F2FS_I(inode)->i_crypt_info);
#endif
			spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
			atomic_dec(&inode->i_count);
		}
		return 0;
	}
	return generic_drop_inode(inode);
}

/*
 * f2fs_dirty_inode() is called from __mark_inode_dirty()
 *
 * We should call set_dirty_inode to write the dirty inode through write_inode.
 */
static void f2fs_dirty_inode(struct inode *inode, int flags)
{
	set_inode_flag(F2FS_I(inode), FI_DIRTY_INODE);
}

static void f2fs_i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
{
	struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
	kmem_cache_free(f2fs_inode_cachep, F2FS_I(inode));
}

static void f2fs_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
{
	call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, f2fs_i_callback);
}

static void f2fs_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(sb);

	if (sbi->s_proc) {
		remove_proc_entry("segment_info", sbi->s_proc);
		remove_proc_entry(sb->s_id, f2fs_proc_root);
	}
	kobject_del(&sbi->s_kobj);

	stop_gc_thread(sbi);

	/* prevent remaining shrinker jobs */
	mutex_lock(&sbi->umount_mutex);

	/*
	 * We don't need to do checkpoint when superblock is clean.
	 * But, the previous checkpoint was not done by umount, it needs to do
	 * clean checkpoint again.
	 */
	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_DIRTY) ||
			!is_set_ckpt_flags(F2FS_CKPT(sbi), CP_UMOUNT_FLAG)) {
		struct cp_control cpc = {
			.reason = CP_UMOUNT,
		};
		write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
	}

	/* write_checkpoint can update stat informaion */
	f2fs_destroy_stats(sbi);

	/*
	 * normally superblock is clean, so we need to release this.
	 * In addition, EIO will skip do checkpoint, we need this as well.
	 */
	release_ino_entry(sbi);
	release_discard_addrs(sbi);

	f2fs_leave_shrinker(sbi);
	mutex_unlock(&sbi->umount_mutex);

	iput(sbi->node_inode);
	iput(sbi->meta_inode);

	/* destroy f2fs internal modules */
	destroy_node_manager(sbi);
	destroy_segment_manager(sbi);

	kfree(sbi->ckpt);
	kobject_put(&sbi->s_kobj);
	wait_for_completion(&sbi->s_kobj_unregister);

	sb->s_fs_info = NULL;
	kfree(sbi->raw_super);
	kfree(sbi);
}

int f2fs_sync_fs(struct super_block *sb, int sync)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(sb);

	trace_f2fs_sync_fs(sb, sync);

	if (sync) {
		struct cp_control cpc;

		cpc.reason = __get_cp_reason(sbi);

		mutex_lock(&sbi->gc_mutex);
		write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
		mutex_unlock(&sbi->gc_mutex);
	} else {
		f2fs_balance_fs(sbi);
	}
	f2fs_trace_ios(NULL, 1);

	return 0;
}

static int f2fs_freeze(struct super_block *sb)
{
	int err;

	if (f2fs_readonly(sb))
		return 0;

	err = f2fs_sync_fs(sb, 1);
	return err;
}

static int f2fs_unfreeze(struct super_block *sb)
{
	return 0;
}

static int f2fs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
{
	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(sb);
	u64 id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
	block_t total_count, user_block_count, start_count, ovp_count;

	total_count = le64_to_cpu(sbi->raw_super->block_count);
	user_block_count = sbi->user_block_count;
	start_count = le32_to_cpu(sbi->raw_super->segment0_blkaddr);
	ovp_count = SM_I(sbi)->ovp_segments << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg;
	buf->f_type = F2FS_SUPER_MAGIC;
	buf->f_bsize = sbi->blocksize;

	buf->f_blocks = total_count - start_count;
	buf->f_bfree = buf->f_blocks - valid_user_blocks(sbi) - ovp_count;
	buf->f_bavail = user_block_count - valid_user_blocks(sbi);

	buf->f_files = sbi->total_node_count - F2FS_RESERVED_NODE_NUM;
	buf->f_ffree = buf->f_files - valid_inode_count(sbi);

	buf->f_namelen = F2FS_NAME_LEN;
	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);

	return 0;
}

static int f2fs_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *root)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(root->d_sb);

	if (!f2fs_readonly(sbi->sb) && test_opt(sbi, BG_GC)) {
		if (test_opt(sbi, FORCE_FG_GC))
			seq_printf(seq, ",background_gc=%s", "sync");
		else
			seq_printf(seq, ",background_gc=%s", "on");
	} else {
		seq_printf(seq, ",background_gc=%s", "off");
	}
	if (test_opt(sbi, DISABLE_ROLL_FORWARD))
		seq_puts(seq, ",disable_roll_forward");
	if (test_opt(sbi, DISCARD))
		seq_puts(seq, ",discard");
	if (test_opt(sbi, NOHEAP))
		seq_puts(seq, ",no_heap_alloc");
#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_XATTR
	if (test_opt(sbi, XATTR_USER))
		seq_puts(seq, ",user_xattr");
	else
		seq_puts(seq, ",nouser_xattr");
	if (test_opt(sbi, INLINE_XATTR))
		seq_puts(seq, ",inline_xattr");
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_POSIX_ACL
	if (test_opt(sbi, POSIX_ACL))
		seq_puts(seq, ",acl");
	else
		seq_puts(seq, ",noacl");
#endif
	if (test_opt(sbi, DISABLE_EXT_IDENTIFY))
		seq_puts(seq, ",disable_ext_identify");
	if (test_opt(sbi, INLINE_DATA))
		seq_puts(seq, ",inline_data");
	else
		seq_puts(seq, ",noinline_data");
	if (test_opt(sbi, INLINE_DENTRY))
		seq_puts(seq, ",inline_dentry");
	if (!f2fs_readonly(sbi->sb) && test_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE))
		seq_puts(seq, ",flush_merge");
	if (test_opt(sbi, NOBARRIER))
		seq_puts(seq, ",nobarrier");
	if (test_opt(sbi, FASTBOOT))
		seq_puts(seq, ",fastboot");
	if (test_opt(sbi, EXTENT_CACHE))
		seq_puts(seq, ",extent_cache");
	else
		seq_puts(seq, ",noextent_cache");
	seq_printf(seq, ",active_logs=%u", sbi->active_logs);

	return 0;
}

static int segment_info_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *offset)
{
	struct super_block *sb = seq->private;
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(sb);
	unsigned int total_segs =
			le32_to_cpu(sbi->raw_super->segment_count_main);
	int i;

	seq_puts(seq, "format: segment_type|valid_blocks\n"
		"segment_type(0:HD, 1:WD, 2:CD, 3:HN, 4:WN, 5:CN)\n");

	for (i = 0; i < total_segs; i++) {
		struct seg_entry *se = get_seg_entry(sbi, i);

		if ((i % 10) == 0)
			seq_printf(seq, "%-10d", i);
		seq_printf(seq, "%d|%-3u", se->type,
					get_valid_blocks(sbi, i, 1));
		if ((i % 10) == 9 || i == (total_segs - 1))
			seq_putc(seq, '\n');
		else
			seq_putc(seq, ' ');
	}

	return 0;
}

static int segment_info_open_fs(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	return single_open(file, segment_info_seq_show, PDE_DATA(inode));
}

static const struct file_operations f2fs_seq_segment_info_fops = {
	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
	.open = segment_info_open_fs,
	.read = seq_read,
	.llseek = seq_lseek,
	.release = single_release,
};

static void default_options(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
{
	/* init some FS parameters */
	sbi->active_logs = NR_CURSEG_TYPE;

	set_opt(sbi, BG_GC);
	set_opt(sbi, INLINE_DATA);
	set_opt(sbi, EXTENT_CACHE);

#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_XATTR
	set_opt(sbi, XATTR_USER);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_POSIX_ACL
	set_opt(sbi, POSIX_ACL);
#endif
}

static int f2fs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(sb);
	struct f2fs_mount_info org_mount_opt;
	int err, active_logs;
	bool need_restart_gc = false;
	bool need_stop_gc = false;
	bool no_extent_cache = !test_opt(sbi, EXTENT_CACHE);

	sync_filesystem(sb);

	/*
	 * Save the old mount options in case we
	 * need to restore them.
	 */
	org_mount_opt = sbi->mount_opt;
	active_logs = sbi->active_logs;

	sbi->mount_opt.opt = 0;
	default_options(sbi);

	/* parse mount options */
	err = parse_options(sb, data);
	if (err)
		goto restore_opts;

	/*
	 * Previous and new state of filesystem is RO,
	 * so skip checking GC and FLUSH_MERGE conditions.
	 */
	if (f2fs_readonly(sb) && (*flags & MS_RDONLY))
		goto skip;

	/* disallow enable/disable extent_cache dynamically */
	if (no_extent_cache == !!test_opt(sbi, EXTENT_CACHE)) {
		err = -EINVAL;
		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_WARNING,
				"switch extent_cache option is not allowed");
		goto restore_opts;
	}

	/*
	 * We stop the GC thread if FS is mounted as RO
	 * or if background_gc = off is passed in mount
	 * option. Also sync the filesystem.
	 */
	if ((*flags & MS_RDONLY) || !test_opt(sbi, BG_GC)) {
		if (sbi->gc_thread) {
			stop_gc_thread(sbi);
			f2fs_sync_fs(sb, 1);
			need_restart_gc = true;
		}
	} else if (!sbi->gc_thread) {
		err = start_gc_thread(sbi);
		if (err)
			goto restore_opts;
		need_stop_gc = true;
	}

	/*
	 * We stop issue flush thread if FS is mounted as RO
	 * or if flush_merge is not passed in mount option.
	 */
	if ((*flags & MS_RDONLY) || !test_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE)) {
		destroy_flush_cmd_control(sbi);
	} else if (!SM_I(sbi)->cmd_control_info) {
		err = create_flush_cmd_control(sbi);
		if (err)
			goto restore_gc;
	}
skip:
	/* Update the POSIXACL Flag */
	 sb->s_flags = (sb->s_flags & ~MS_POSIXACL) |
		(test_opt(sbi, POSIX_ACL) ? MS_POSIXACL : 0);
	return 0;
restore_gc:
	if (need_restart_gc) {
		if (start_gc_thread(sbi))
			f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_WARNING,
				"background gc thread has stopped");
	} else if (need_stop_gc) {
		stop_gc_thread(sbi);
	}
restore_opts:
	sbi->mount_opt = org_mount_opt;
	sbi->active_logs = active_logs;
	return err;
}

static struct super_operations f2fs_sops = {
	.alloc_inode	= f2fs_alloc_inode,
	.drop_inode	= f2fs_drop_inode,
	.destroy_inode	= f2fs_destroy_inode,
	.write_inode	= f2fs_write_inode,
	.dirty_inode	= f2fs_dirty_inode,
	.show_options	= f2fs_show_options,
	.evict_inode	= f2fs_evict_inode,
	.put_super	= f2fs_put_super,
	.sync_fs	= f2fs_sync_fs,
	.freeze_fs	= f2fs_freeze,
	.unfreeze_fs	= f2fs_unfreeze,
	.statfs		= f2fs_statfs,
	.remount_fs	= f2fs_remount,
};

static struct inode *f2fs_nfs_get_inode(struct super_block *sb,
		u64 ino, u32 generation)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_SB(sb);
	struct inode *inode;

	if (check_nid_range(sbi, ino))
		return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);

	/*
	 * f2fs_iget isn't quite right if the inode is currently unallocated!
	 * However f2fs_iget currently does appropriate checks to handle stale
	 * inodes so everything is OK.
	 */
	inode = f2fs_iget(sb, ino);
	if (IS_ERR(inode))
		return ERR_CAST(inode);
	if (unlikely(generation && inode->i_generation != generation)) {
		/* we didn't find the right inode.. */
		iput(inode);
		return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
	}
	return inode;
}

static struct dentry *f2fs_fh_to_dentry(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
		int fh_len, int fh_type)
{
	return generic_fh_to_dentry(sb, fid, fh_len, fh_type,
				    f2fs_nfs_get_inode);
}

static struct dentry *f2fs_fh_to_parent(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
		int fh_len, int fh_type)
{
	return generic_fh_to_parent(sb, fid, fh_len, fh_type,
				    f2fs_nfs_get_inode);
}

static const struct export_operations f2fs_export_ops = {
	.fh_to_dentry = f2fs_fh_to_dentry,
	.fh_to_parent = f2fs_fh_to_parent,
	.get_parent = f2fs_get_parent,
};

static loff_t max_file_size(unsigned bits)
{
	loff_t result = (DEF_ADDRS_PER_INODE - F2FS_INLINE_XATTR_ADDRS);
	loff_t leaf_count = ADDRS_PER_BLOCK;

	/* two direct node blocks */
	result += (leaf_count * 2);

	/* two indirect node blocks */
	leaf_count *= NIDS_PER_BLOCK;
	result += (leaf_count * 2);

	/* one double indirect node block */
	leaf_count *= NIDS_PER_BLOCK;
	result += leaf_count;

	result <<= bits;
	return result;
}

static inline bool sanity_check_area_boundary(struct super_block *sb,
					struct f2fs_super_block *raw_super)
{
	u32 segment0_blkaddr = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment0_blkaddr);
	u32 cp_blkaddr = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->cp_blkaddr);
	u32 sit_blkaddr = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->sit_blkaddr);
	u32 nat_blkaddr = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->nat_blkaddr);
	u32 ssa_blkaddr = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->ssa_blkaddr);
	u32 main_blkaddr = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->main_blkaddr);
	u32 segment_count_ckpt = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_ckpt);
	u32 segment_count_sit = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_sit);
	u32 segment_count_nat = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_nat);
	u32 segment_count_ssa = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_ssa);
	u32 segment_count_main = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_main);
	u32 segment_count = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count);
	u32 log_blocks_per_seg = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_blocks_per_seg);

	if (segment0_blkaddr != cp_blkaddr) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Mismatch start address, segment0(%u) cp_blkaddr(%u)",
			segment0_blkaddr, cp_blkaddr);
		return true;
	}

	if (cp_blkaddr + (segment_count_ckpt << log_blocks_per_seg) !=
							sit_blkaddr) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Wrong CP boundary, start(%u) end(%u) blocks(%u)",
			cp_blkaddr, sit_blkaddr,
			segment_count_ckpt << log_blocks_per_seg);
		return true;
	}

	if (sit_blkaddr + (segment_count_sit << log_blocks_per_seg) !=
							nat_blkaddr) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Wrong SIT boundary, start(%u) end(%u) blocks(%u)",
			sit_blkaddr, nat_blkaddr,
			segment_count_sit << log_blocks_per_seg);
		return true;
	}

	if (nat_blkaddr + (segment_count_nat << log_blocks_per_seg) !=
							ssa_blkaddr) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Wrong NAT boundary, start(%u) end(%u) blocks(%u)",
			nat_blkaddr, ssa_blkaddr,
			segment_count_nat << log_blocks_per_seg);
		return true;
	}

	if (ssa_blkaddr + (segment_count_ssa << log_blocks_per_seg) !=
							main_blkaddr) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Wrong SSA boundary, start(%u) end(%u) blocks(%u)",
			ssa_blkaddr, main_blkaddr,
			segment_count_ssa << log_blocks_per_seg);
		return true;
	}

	if (main_blkaddr + (segment_count_main << log_blocks_per_seg) !=
		segment0_blkaddr + (segment_count << log_blocks_per_seg)) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Wrong MAIN_AREA boundary, start(%u) end(%u) blocks(%u)",
			main_blkaddr,
			segment0_blkaddr + (segment_count << log_blocks_per_seg),
			segment_count_main << log_blocks_per_seg);
		return true;
	}

	return false;
}

static int sanity_check_raw_super(struct super_block *sb,
			struct f2fs_super_block *raw_super)
{
	unsigned int blocksize;

	if (F2FS_SUPER_MAGIC != le32_to_cpu(raw_super->magic)) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Magic Mismatch, valid(0x%x) - read(0x%x)",
			F2FS_SUPER_MAGIC, le32_to_cpu(raw_super->magic));
		return 1;
	}

	/* Currently, support only 4KB page cache size */
	if (F2FS_BLKSIZE != PAGE_CACHE_SIZE) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Invalid page_cache_size (%lu), supports only 4KB\n",
			PAGE_CACHE_SIZE);
		return 1;
	}

	/* Currently, support only 4KB block size */
	blocksize = 1 << le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_blocksize);
	if (blocksize != F2FS_BLKSIZE) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Invalid blocksize (%u), supports only 4KB\n",
			blocksize);
		return 1;
	}

	/* check log blocks per segment */
	if (le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_blocks_per_seg) != 9) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Invalid log blocks per segment (%u)\n",
			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_blocks_per_seg));
		return 1;
	}

	/* Currently, support 512/1024/2048/4096 bytes sector size */
	if (le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectorsize) >
				F2FS_MAX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE ||
		le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectorsize) <
				F2FS_MIN_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "Invalid log sectorsize (%u)",
			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectorsize));
		return 1;
	}
	if (le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectors_per_block) +
		le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectorsize) !=
			F2FS_MAX_LOG_SECTOR_SIZE) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Invalid log sectors per block(%u) log sectorsize(%u)",
			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectors_per_block),
			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectorsize));
		return 1;
	}

	/* check reserved ino info */
	if (le32_to_cpu(raw_super->node_ino) != 1 ||
		le32_to_cpu(raw_super->meta_ino) != 2 ||
		le32_to_cpu(raw_super->root_ino) != 3) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
			"Invalid Fs Meta Ino: node(%u) meta(%u) root(%u)",
			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->node_ino),
			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->meta_ino),
			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->root_ino));
		return 1;
	}

	/* check CP/SIT/NAT/SSA/MAIN_AREA area boundary */
	if (sanity_check_area_boundary(sb, raw_super))
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

static int sanity_check_ckpt(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
{
	unsigned int total, fsmeta;
	struct f2fs_super_block *raw_super = F2FS_RAW_SUPER(sbi);
	struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt = F2FS_CKPT(sbi);

	total = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count);
	fsmeta = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_ckpt);
	fsmeta += le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_sit);
	fsmeta += le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_nat);
	fsmeta += le32_to_cpu(ckpt->rsvd_segment_count);
	fsmeta += le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_ssa);

	if (unlikely(fsmeta >= total))
		return 1;

	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi))) {
		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_ERR, "A bug case: need to run fsck");
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static void init_sb_info(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
{
	struct f2fs_super_block *raw_super = sbi->raw_super;
	int i;

	sbi->log_sectors_per_block =
		le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_sectors_per_block);
	sbi->log_blocksize = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_blocksize);
	sbi->blocksize = 1 << sbi->log_blocksize;
	sbi->log_blocks_per_seg = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_blocks_per_seg);
	sbi->blocks_per_seg = 1 << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg;
	sbi->segs_per_sec = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segs_per_sec);
	sbi->secs_per_zone = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->secs_per_zone);
	sbi->total_sections = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->section_count);
	sbi->total_node_count =
		(le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count_nat) / 2)
			* sbi->blocks_per_seg * NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK;
	sbi->root_ino_num = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->root_ino);
	sbi->node_ino_num = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->node_ino);
	sbi->meta_ino_num = le32_to_cpu(raw_super->meta_ino);
	sbi->cur_victim_sec = NULL_SECNO;
	sbi->max_victim_search = DEF_MAX_VICTIM_SEARCH;

	for (i = 0; i < NR_COUNT_TYPE; i++)
		atomic_set(&sbi->nr_pages[i], 0);

	sbi->dir_level = DEF_DIR_LEVEL;
	sbi->cp_interval = DEF_CP_INTERVAL;
	clear_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sbi->s_list);
	mutex_init(&sbi->umount_mutex);
}

/*
 * Read f2fs raw super block.
 * Because we have two copies of super block, so read the first one at first,
 * if the first one is invalid, move to read the second one.
 */
static int read_raw_super_block(struct super_block *sb,
			struct f2fs_super_block **raw_super,
			int *valid_super_block, int *recovery)
{
	int block = 0;
	struct buffer_head *bh;
	struct f2fs_super_block *super, *buf;
	int err = 0;

	super = kzalloc(sizeof(struct f2fs_super_block), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!super)
		return -ENOMEM;
retry:
	bh = sb_bread(sb, block);
	if (!bh) {
		*recovery = 1;
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Unable to read %dth superblock",
				block + 1);
		err = -EIO;
		goto next;
	}

	buf = (struct f2fs_super_block *)(bh->b_data + F2FS_SUPER_OFFSET);

	/* sanity checking of raw super */
	if (sanity_check_raw_super(sb, buf)) {
		brelse(bh);
		*recovery = 1;
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
			"Can't find valid F2FS filesystem in %dth superblock",
								block + 1);
		err = -EINVAL;
		goto next;
	}

	if (!*raw_super) {
		memcpy(super, buf, sizeof(*super));
		*valid_super_block = block;
		*raw_super = super;
	}
	brelse(bh);

next:
	/* check the validity of the second superblock */
	if (block == 0) {
		block++;
		goto retry;
	}

	/* No valid superblock */
	if (!*raw_super) {
		kfree(super);
		return err;
	}

	return 0;
}

int __f2fs_commit_super(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int block)
{
	struct f2fs_super_block *super = F2FS_RAW_SUPER(sbi);
	struct buffer_head *bh;
	int err;

	bh = sb_getblk(sbi->sb, block);
	if (!bh)
		return -EIO;

	lock_buffer(bh);
	memcpy(bh->b_data + F2FS_SUPER_OFFSET, super, sizeof(*super));
	set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
	set_buffer_dirty(bh);
	unlock_buffer(bh);

	/* it's rare case, we can do fua all the time */
	err = __sync_dirty_buffer(bh, WRITE_FLUSH_FUA);
	brelse(bh);

	return err;
}

int f2fs_commit_super(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool recover)
{
	int err;

	/* write back-up superblock first */
	err = __f2fs_commit_super(sbi, sbi->valid_super_block ? 0 : 1);

	/* if we are in recovery path, skip writing valid superblock */
	if (recover || err)
		return err;

	/* write current valid superblock */
	return __f2fs_commit_super(sbi, sbi->valid_super_block);
}

static int f2fs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
{
	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi;
	struct f2fs_super_block *raw_super;
	struct inode *root;
	long err;
	bool retry = true, need_fsck = false;
	char *options = NULL;
	int recovery, i, valid_super_block;

try_onemore:
	err = -EINVAL;
	raw_super = NULL;
	valid_super_block = -1;
	recovery = 0;

	/* allocate memory for f2fs-specific super block info */
	sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct f2fs_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!sbi)
		return -ENOMEM;

	/* set a block size */
	if (unlikely(!sb_set_blocksize(sb, F2FS_BLKSIZE))) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to set blocksize");
		goto free_sbi;
	}

	err = read_raw_super_block(sb, &raw_super, &valid_super_block,
								&recovery);
	if (err)
		goto free_sbi;

	sb->s_fs_info = sbi;
	default_options(sbi);
	/* parse mount options */
	options = kstrdup((const char *)data, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (data && !options) {
		err = -ENOMEM;
		goto free_sb_buf;
	}

	err = parse_options(sb, options);
	if (err)
		goto free_options;

	sb->s_maxbytes = max_file_size(le32_to_cpu(raw_super->log_blocksize));
	sb->s_max_links = F2FS_LINK_MAX;
	get_random_bytes(&sbi->s_next_generation, sizeof(u32));

	sb->s_op = &f2fs_sops;
	sb->s_xattr = f2fs_xattr_handlers;
	sb->s_export_op = &f2fs_export_ops;
	sb->s_magic = F2FS_SUPER_MAGIC;
	sb->s_time_gran = 1;
	sb->s_flags = (sb->s_flags & ~MS_POSIXACL) |
		(test_opt(sbi, POSIX_ACL) ? MS_POSIXACL : 0);
	memcpy(sb->s_uuid, raw_super->uuid, sizeof(raw_super->uuid));

	/* init f2fs-specific super block info */
	sbi->sb = sb;
	sbi->raw_super = raw_super;
	sbi->valid_super_block = valid_super_block;
	mutex_init(&sbi->gc_mutex);
	mutex_init(&sbi->writepages);
	mutex_init(&sbi->cp_mutex);
	init_rwsem(&sbi->node_write);

	/* disallow all the data/node/meta page writes */
	set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_POR_DOING);
	spin_lock_init(&sbi->stat_lock);

	init_rwsem(&sbi->read_io.io_rwsem);
	sbi->read_io.sbi = sbi;
	sbi->read_io.bio = NULL;
	for (i = 0; i < NR_PAGE_TYPE; i++) {
		init_rwsem(&sbi->write_io[i].io_rwsem);
		sbi->write_io[i].sbi = sbi;
		sbi->write_io[i].bio = NULL;
	}

	init_rwsem(&sbi->cp_rwsem);
	init_waitqueue_head(&sbi->cp_wait);
	init_sb_info(sbi);

	/* get an inode for meta space */
	sbi->meta_inode = f2fs_iget(sb, F2FS_META_INO(sbi));
	if (IS_ERR(sbi->meta_inode)) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Failed to read F2FS meta data inode");
		err = PTR_ERR(sbi->meta_inode);
		goto free_options;
	}

	err = get_valid_checkpoint(sbi);
	if (err) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Failed to get valid F2FS checkpoint");
		goto free_meta_inode;
	}

	/* sanity checking of checkpoint */
	err = -EINVAL;
	if (sanity_check_ckpt(sbi)) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Invalid F2FS checkpoint");
		goto free_cp;
	}

	sbi->total_valid_node_count =
				le32_to_cpu(sbi->ckpt->valid_node_count);
	sbi->total_valid_inode_count =
				le32_to_cpu(sbi->ckpt->valid_inode_count);
	sbi->user_block_count = le64_to_cpu(sbi->ckpt->user_block_count);
	sbi->total_valid_block_count =
				le64_to_cpu(sbi->ckpt->valid_block_count);
	sbi->last_valid_block_count = sbi->total_valid_block_count;
	sbi->alloc_valid_block_count = 0;
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sbi->dir_inode_list);
	spin_lock_init(&sbi->dir_inode_lock);

	init_extent_cache_info(sbi);

	init_ino_entry_info(sbi);

	/* setup f2fs internal modules */
	err = build_segment_manager(sbi);
	if (err) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
			"Failed to initialize F2FS segment manager");
		goto free_sm;
	}
	err = build_node_manager(sbi);
	if (err) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
			"Failed to initialize F2FS node manager");
		goto free_nm;
	}

	build_gc_manager(sbi);

	/* get an inode for node space */
	sbi->node_inode = f2fs_iget(sb, F2FS_NODE_INO(sbi));
	if (IS_ERR(sbi->node_inode)) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Failed to read node inode");
		err = PTR_ERR(sbi->node_inode);
		goto free_nm;
	}

	f2fs_join_shrinker(sbi);

	/* if there are nt orphan nodes free them */
	err = recover_orphan_inodes(sbi);
	if (err)
		goto free_node_inode;

	/* read root inode and dentry */
	root = f2fs_iget(sb, F2FS_ROOT_INO(sbi));
	if (IS_ERR(root)) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Failed to read root inode");
		err = PTR_ERR(root);
		goto free_node_inode;
	}
	if (!S_ISDIR(root->i_mode) || !root->i_blocks || !root->i_size) {
		iput(root);
		err = -EINVAL;
		goto free_node_inode;
	}

	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root); /* allocate root dentry */
	if (!sb->s_root) {
		err = -ENOMEM;
		goto free_root_inode;
	}

	err = f2fs_build_stats(sbi);
	if (err)
		goto free_root_inode;

	if (f2fs_proc_root)
		sbi->s_proc = proc_mkdir(sb->s_id, f2fs_proc_root);

	if (sbi->s_proc)
		proc_create_data("segment_info", S_IRUGO, sbi->s_proc,
				 &f2fs_seq_segment_info_fops, sb);

	sbi->s_kobj.kset = f2fs_kset;
	init_completion(&sbi->s_kobj_unregister);
	err = kobject_init_and_add(&sbi->s_kobj, &f2fs_ktype, NULL,
							"%s", sb->s_id);
	if (err)
		goto free_proc;

	/* recover fsynced data */
	if (!test_opt(sbi, DISABLE_ROLL_FORWARD)) {
		/*
		 * mount should be failed, when device has readonly mode, and
		 * previous checkpoint was not done by clean system shutdown.
		 */
		if (bdev_read_only(sb->s_bdev) &&
				!is_set_ckpt_flags(sbi->ckpt, CP_UMOUNT_FLAG)) {
			err = -EROFS;
			goto free_kobj;
		}

		if (need_fsck)
			set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);

		err = recover_fsync_data(sbi);
		if (err) {
			need_fsck = true;
			f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
				"Cannot recover all fsync data errno=%ld", err);
			goto free_kobj;
		}
	}
	/* recover_fsync_data() cleared this already */
	clear_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_POR_DOING);

	/*
	 * If filesystem is not mounted as read-only then
	 * do start the gc_thread.
	 */
	if (test_opt(sbi, BG_GC) && !f2fs_readonly(sb)) {
		/* After POR, we can run background GC thread.*/
		err = start_gc_thread(sbi);
		if (err)
			goto free_kobj;
	}
	kfree(options);

	/* recover broken superblock */
	if (recovery && !f2fs_readonly(sb) && !bdev_read_only(sb->s_bdev)) {
		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "Recover invalid superblock");
		f2fs_commit_super(sbi, true);
	}

	sbi->cp_expires = round_jiffies_up(jiffies);

	return 0;

free_kobj:
	kobject_del(&sbi->s_kobj);
	kobject_put(&sbi->s_kobj);
	wait_for_completion(&sbi->s_kobj_unregister);
free_proc:
	if (sbi->s_proc) {
		remove_proc_entry("segment_info", sbi->s_proc);
		remove_proc_entry(sb->s_id, f2fs_proc_root);
	}
	f2fs_destroy_stats(sbi);
free_root_inode:
	dput(sb->s_root);
	sb->s_root = NULL;
free_node_inode:
	mutex_lock(&sbi->umount_mutex);
	f2fs_leave_shrinker(sbi);
	iput(sbi->node_inode);
	mutex_unlock(&sbi->umount_mutex);
free_nm:
	destroy_node_manager(sbi);
free_sm:
	destroy_segment_manager(sbi);
free_cp:
	kfree(sbi->ckpt);
free_meta_inode:
	make_bad_inode(sbi->meta_inode);
	iput(sbi->meta_inode);
free_options:
	kfree(options);
free_sb_buf:
	kfree(raw_super);
free_sbi:
	kfree(sbi);

	/* give only one another chance */
	if (retry) {
		retry = false;
		shrink_dcache_sb(sb);
		goto try_onemore;
	}
	return err;
}

static struct dentry *f2fs_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
			const char *dev_name, void *data)
{
	return mount_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, f2fs_fill_super);
}

static void kill_f2fs_super(struct super_block *sb)
{
	if (sb->s_root)
		set_sbi_flag(F2FS_SB(sb), SBI_IS_CLOSE);
	kill_block_super(sb);
}

static struct file_system_type f2fs_fs_type = {
	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
	.name		= "f2fs",
	.mount		= f2fs_mount,
	.kill_sb	= kill_f2fs_super,
	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
};
MODULE_ALIAS_FS("f2fs");

static int __init init_inodecache(void)
{
	f2fs_inode_cachep = f2fs_kmem_cache_create("f2fs_inode_cache",
			sizeof(struct f2fs_inode_info));
	if (!f2fs_inode_cachep)
		return -ENOMEM;
	return 0;
}

static void destroy_inodecache(void)
{
	/*
	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
	 * destroy cache.
	 */
	rcu_barrier();
	kmem_cache_destroy(f2fs_inode_cachep);
}

static int __init init_f2fs_fs(void)
{
	int err;

	f2fs_build_trace_ios();

	err = init_inodecache();
	if (err)
		goto fail;
	err = create_node_manager_caches();
	if (err)
		goto free_inodecache;
	err = create_segment_manager_caches();
	if (err)
		goto free_node_manager_caches;
	err = create_checkpoint_caches();
	if (err)
		goto free_segment_manager_caches;
	err = create_extent_cache();
	if (err)
		goto free_checkpoint_caches;
	f2fs_kset = kset_create_and_add("f2fs", NULL, fs_kobj);
	if (!f2fs_kset) {
		err = -ENOMEM;
		goto free_extent_cache;
	}
	err = f2fs_init_crypto();
	if (err)
		goto free_kset;

	err = register_shrinker(&f2fs_shrinker_info);
	if (err)
		goto free_crypto;

	err = register_filesystem(&f2fs_fs_type);
	if (err)
		goto free_shrinker;
	err = f2fs_create_root_stats();
	if (err)
		goto free_filesystem;
	f2fs_proc_root = proc_mkdir("fs/f2fs", NULL);
	return 0;

free_filesystem:
	unregister_filesystem(&f2fs_fs_type);
free_shrinker:
	unregister_shrinker(&f2fs_shrinker_info);
free_crypto:
	f2fs_exit_crypto();
free_kset:
	kset_unregister(f2fs_kset);
free_extent_cache:
	destroy_extent_cache();
free_checkpoint_caches:
	destroy_checkpoint_caches();
free_segment_manager_caches:
	destroy_segment_manager_caches();
free_node_manager_caches:
	destroy_node_manager_caches();
free_inodecache:
	destroy_inodecache();
fail:
	return err;
}

static void __exit exit_f2fs_fs(void)
{
	remove_proc_entry("fs/f2fs", NULL);
	f2fs_destroy_root_stats();
	unregister_shrinker(&f2fs_shrinker_info);
	unregister_filesystem(&f2fs_fs_type);
	f2fs_exit_crypto();
	destroy_extent_cache();
	destroy_checkpoint_caches();
	destroy_segment_manager_caches();
	destroy_node_manager_caches();
	destroy_inodecache();
	kset_unregister(f2fs_kset);
	f2fs_destroy_trace_ios();
}

module_init(init_f2fs_fs)
module_exit(exit_f2fs_fs)

MODULE_AUTHOR("Samsung Electronics's Praesto Team");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Flash Friendly File System");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");