fib_semantics.c

/*
 * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
 *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
 *		interface as the means of communication with the user level.
 *
 *		IPv4 Forwarding Information Base: semantics.
 *
 * Authors:	Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
 *
 *		This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *		modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 *		as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 *		2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 */

#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/socket.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
#include <linux/inet.h>
#include <linux/inetdevice.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/if_arp.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>

#include <net/arp.h>
#include <net/ip.h>
#include <net/protocol.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/tcp.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/ip_fib.h>
#include <net/netlink.h>
#include <net/nexthop.h>

#include "fib_lookup.h"

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(fib_info_lock);
static struct hlist_head *fib_info_hash;
static struct hlist_head *fib_info_laddrhash;
static unsigned int fib_hash_size;
static unsigned int fib_info_cnt;

#define DEVINDEX_HASHBITS 8
#define DEVINDEX_HASHSIZE (1U << DEVINDEX_HASHBITS)
static struct hlist_head fib_info_devhash[DEVINDEX_HASHSIZE];

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(fib_multipath_lock);

#define for_nexthops(fi) {						\
	int nhsel; const struct fib_nh *nh;				\
	for (nhsel = 0, nh = (fi)->fib_nh;				\
	     nhsel < (fi)->fib_nhs;					\
	     nh++, nhsel++)

#define change_nexthops(fi) {						\
	int nhsel; struct fib_nh *nexthop_nh;				\
	for (nhsel = 0,	nexthop_nh = (struct fib_nh *)((fi)->fib_nh);	\
	     nhsel < (fi)->fib_nhs;					\
	     nexthop_nh++, nhsel++)

#else /* CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH */

/* Hope, that gcc will optimize it to get rid of dummy loop */

#define for_nexthops(fi) {						\
	int nhsel; const struct fib_nh *nh = (fi)->fib_nh;		\
	for (nhsel = 0; nhsel < 1; nhsel++)

#define change_nexthops(fi) {						\
	int nhsel;							\
	struct fib_nh *nexthop_nh = (struct fib_nh *)((fi)->fib_nh);	\
	for (nhsel = 0; nhsel < 1; nhsel++)

#endif /* CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH */

#define endfor_nexthops(fi) }


static const struct
{
	int	error;
	u8	scope;
} fib_props[RTN_MAX + 1] = {
	[RTN_UNSPEC] = {
		.error	= 0,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_NOWHERE,
	},
	[RTN_UNICAST] = {
		.error	= 0,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
	},
	[RTN_LOCAL] = {
		.error	= 0,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_HOST,
	},
	[RTN_BROADCAST] = {
		.error	= 0,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_LINK,
	},
	[RTN_ANYCAST] = {
		.error	= 0,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_LINK,
	},
	[RTN_MULTICAST] = {
		.error	= 0,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
	},
	[RTN_BLACKHOLE] = {
		.error	= -EINVAL,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
	},
	[RTN_UNREACHABLE] = {
		.error	= -EHOSTUNREACH,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
	},
	[RTN_PROHIBIT] = {
		.error	= -EACCES,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
	},
	[RTN_THROW] = {
		.error	= -EAGAIN,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
	},
	[RTN_NAT] = {
		.error	= -EINVAL,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_NOWHERE,
	},
	[RTN_XRESOLVE] = {
		.error	= -EINVAL,
		.scope	= RT_SCOPE_NOWHERE,
	},
};


/* Release a nexthop info record */

static void free_fib_info_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
{
	struct fib_info *fi = container_of(head, struct fib_info, rcu);

	kfree(fi);
}

void free_fib_info(struct fib_info *fi)
{
	if (fi->fib_dead == 0) {
		pr_warning("Freeing alive fib_info %p\n", fi);
		return;
	}
	change_nexthops(fi) {
		if (nexthop_nh->nh_dev)
			dev_put(nexthop_nh->nh_dev);
		nexthop_nh->nh_dev = NULL;
	} endfor_nexthops(fi);
	fib_info_cnt--;
	release_net(fi->fib_net);
	call_rcu(&fi->rcu, free_fib_info_rcu);
}

void fib_release_info(struct fib_info *fi)
{
	spin_lock_bh(&fib_info_lock);
	if (fi && --fi->fib_treeref == 0) {
		hlist_del(&fi->fib_hash);
		if (fi->fib_prefsrc)
			hlist_del(&fi->fib_lhash);
		change_nexthops(fi) {
			if (!nexthop_nh->nh_dev)
				continue;
			hlist_del(&nexthop_nh->nh_hash);
		} endfor_nexthops(fi)
		fi->fib_dead = 1;
		fib_info_put(fi);
	}
	spin_unlock_bh(&fib_info_lock);
}

static inline int nh_comp(const struct fib_info *fi, const struct fib_info *ofi)
{
	const struct fib_nh *onh = ofi->fib_nh;

	for_nexthops(fi) {
		if (nh->nh_oif != onh->nh_oif ||
		    nh->nh_gw  != onh->nh_gw ||
		    nh->nh_scope != onh->nh_scope ||
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
		    nh->nh_weight != onh->nh_weight ||
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
		    nh->nh_tclassid != onh->nh_tclassid ||
#endif
		    ((nh->nh_flags ^ onh->nh_flags) & ~RTNH_F_DEAD))
			return -1;
		onh++;
	} endfor_nexthops(fi);
	return 0;
}

static inline unsigned int fib_devindex_hashfn(unsigned int val)
{
	unsigned int mask = DEVINDEX_HASHSIZE - 1;

	return (val ^
		(val >> DEVINDEX_HASHBITS) ^
		(val >> (DEVINDEX_HASHBITS * 2))) & mask;
}

static inline unsigned int fib_info_hashfn(const struct fib_info *fi)
{
	unsigned int mask = (fib_hash_size - 1);
	unsigned int val = fi->fib_nhs;

	val ^= fi->fib_protocol;
	val ^= (__force u32)fi->fib_prefsrc;
	val ^= fi->fib_priority;
	for_nexthops(fi) {
		val ^= fib_devindex_hashfn(nh->nh_oif);
	} endfor_nexthops(fi)

	return (val ^ (val >> 7) ^ (val >> 12)) & mask;
}

static struct fib_info *fib_find_info(const struct fib_info *nfi)
{
	struct hlist_head *head;
	struct hlist_node *node;
	struct fib_info *fi;
	unsigned int hash;

	hash = fib_info_hashfn(nfi);
	head = &fib_info_hash[hash];

	hlist_for_each_entry(fi, node, head, fib_hash) {
		if (!net_eq(fi->fib_net, nfi->fib_net))
			continue;
		if (fi->fib_nhs != nfi->fib_nhs)
			continue;
		if (nfi->fib_protocol == fi->fib_protocol &&
		    nfi->fib_prefsrc == fi->fib_prefsrc &&
		    nfi->fib_priority == fi->fib_priority &&
		    memcmp(nfi->fib_metrics, fi->fib_metrics,
			   sizeof(fi->fib_metrics)) == 0 &&
		    ((nfi->fib_flags ^ fi->fib_flags) & ~RTNH_F_DEAD) == 0 &&
		    (nfi->fib_nhs == 0 || nh_comp(fi, nfi) == 0))
			return fi;
	}

	return NULL;
}

/* Check, that the gateway is already configured.
 * Used only by redirect accept routine.
 */
int ip_fib_check_default(__be32 gw, struct net_device *dev)
{
	struct hlist_head *head;
	struct hlist_node *node;
	struct fib_nh *nh;
	unsigned int hash;

	spin_lock(&fib_info_lock);

	hash = fib_devindex_hashfn(dev->ifindex);
	head = &fib_info_devhash[hash];
	hlist_for_each_entry(nh, node, head, nh_hash) {
		if (nh->nh_dev == dev &&
		    nh->nh_gw == gw &&
		    !(nh->nh_flags & RTNH_F_DEAD)) {
			spin_unlock(&fib_info_lock);
			return 0;
		}
	}

	spin_unlock(&fib_info_lock);

	return -1;
}

static inline size_t fib_nlmsg_size(struct fib_info *fi)
{
	size_t payload = NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(struct rtmsg))
			 + nla_total_size(4) /* RTA_TABLE */
			 + nla_total_size(4) /* RTA_DST */
			 + nla_total_size(4) /* RTA_PRIORITY */
			 + nla_total_size(4); /* RTA_PREFSRC */

	/* space for nested metrics */
	payload += nla_total_size((RTAX_MAX * nla_total_size(4)));

	if (fi->fib_nhs) {
		/* Also handles the special case fib_nhs == 1 */

		/* each nexthop is packed in an attribute */
		size_t nhsize = nla_total_size(sizeof(struct rtnexthop));

		/* may contain flow and gateway attribute */
		nhsize += 2 * nla_total_size(4);

		/* all nexthops are packed in a nested attribute */
		payload += nla_total_size(fi->fib_nhs * nhsize);
	}

	return payload;
}

void rtmsg_fib(int event, __be32 key, struct fib_alias *fa,
	       int dst_len, u32 tb_id, struct nl_info *info,
	       unsigned int nlm_flags)
{
	struct sk_buff *skb;
	u32 seq = info->nlh ? info->nlh->nlmsg_seq : 0;
	int err = -ENOBUFS;

	skb = nlmsg_new(fib_nlmsg_size(fa->fa_info), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (skb == NULL)
		goto errout;

	err = fib_dump_info(skb, info->pid, seq, event, tb_id,
			    fa->fa_type, fa->fa_scope, key, dst_len,
			    fa->fa_tos, fa->fa_info, nlm_flags);
	if (err < 0) {
		/* -EMSGSIZE implies BUG in fib_nlmsg_size() */
		WARN_ON(err == -EMSGSIZE);
		kfree_skb(skb);
		goto errout;
	}
	rtnl_notify(skb, info->nl_net, info->pid, RTNLGRP_IPV4_ROUTE,
		    info->nlh, GFP_KERNEL);
	return;
errout:
	if (err < 0)
		rtnl_set_sk_err(info->nl_net, RTNLGRP_IPV4_ROUTE, err);
}

/* Return the first fib alias matching TOS with
 * priority less than or equal to PRIO.
 */
struct fib_alias *fib_find_alias(struct list_head *fah, u8 tos, u32 prio)
{
	if (fah) {
		struct fib_alias *fa;
		list_for_each_entry(fa, fah, fa_list) {
			if (fa->fa_tos > tos)
				continue;
			if (fa->fa_info->fib_priority >= prio ||
			    fa->fa_tos < tos)
				return fa;
		}
	}
	return NULL;
}

int fib_detect_death(struct fib_info *fi, int order,
		     struct fib_info **last_resort, int *last_idx, int dflt)
{
	struct neighbour *n;
	int state = NUD_NONE;

	n = neigh_lookup(&arp_tbl, &fi->fib_nh[0].nh_gw, fi->fib_dev);
	if (n) {
		state = n->nud_state;
		neigh_release(n);
	}
	if (state == NUD_REACHABLE)
		return 0;
	if ((state & NUD_VALID) && order != dflt)
		return 0;
	if ((state & NUD_VALID) ||
	    (*last_idx < 0 && order > dflt)) {
		*last_resort = fi;
		*last_idx = order;
	}
	return 1;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH

static int fib_count_nexthops(struct rtnexthop *rtnh, int remaining)
{
	int nhs = 0;

	while (rtnh_ok(rtnh, remaining)) {
		nhs++;
		rtnh = rtnh_next(rtnh, &remaining);
	}

	/* leftover implies invalid nexthop configuration, discard it */
	return remaining > 0 ? 0 : nhs;
}

static int fib_get_nhs(struct fib_info *fi, struct rtnexthop *rtnh,
		       int remaining, struct fib_config *cfg)
{
	change_nexthops(fi) {
		int attrlen;

		if (!rtnh_ok(rtnh, remaining))
			return -EINVAL;

		nexthop_nh->nh_flags =
			(cfg->fc_flags & ~0xFF) | rtnh->rtnh_flags;
		nexthop_nh->nh_oif = rtnh->rtnh_ifindex;
		nexthop_nh->nh_weight = rtnh->rtnh_hops + 1;

		attrlen = rtnh_attrlen(rtnh);
		if (attrlen > 0) {
			struct nlattr *nla, *attrs = rtnh_attrs(rtnh);

			nla = nla_find(attrs, attrlen, RTA_GATEWAY);
			nexthop_nh->nh_gw = nla ? nla_get_be32(nla) : 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
			nla = nla_find(attrs, attrlen, RTA_FLOW);
			nexthop_nh->nh_tclassid = nla ? nla_get_u32(nla) : 0;
#endif
		}

		rtnh = rtnh_next(rtnh, &remaining);
	} endfor_nexthops(fi);

	return 0;
}

#endif

int fib_nh_match(struct fib_config *cfg, struct fib_info *fi)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
	struct rtnexthop *rtnh;
	int remaining;
#endif

	if (cfg->fc_priority && cfg->fc_priority != fi->fib_priority)
		return 1;

	if (cfg->fc_oif || cfg->fc_gw) {
		if ((!cfg->fc_oif || cfg->fc_oif == fi->fib_nh->nh_oif) &&
		    (!cfg->fc_gw  || cfg->fc_gw == fi->fib_nh->nh_gw))
			return 0;
		return 1;
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
	if (cfg->fc_mp == NULL)
		return 0;

	rtnh = cfg->fc_mp;
	remaining = cfg->fc_mp_len;

	for_nexthops(fi) {
		int attrlen;

		if (!rtnh_ok(rtnh, remaining))
			return -EINVAL;

		if (rtnh->rtnh_ifindex && rtnh->rtnh_ifindex != nh->nh_oif)
			return 1;

		attrlen = rtnh_attrlen(rtnh);
		if (attrlen < 0) {
			struct nlattr *nla, *attrs = rtnh_attrs(rtnh);

			nla = nla_find(attrs, attrlen, RTA_GATEWAY);
			if (nla && nla_get_be32(nla) != nh->nh_gw)
				return 1;
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
			nla = nla_find(attrs, attrlen, RTA_FLOW);
			if (nla && nla_get_u32(nla) != nh->nh_tclassid)
				return 1;
#endif
		}

		rtnh = rtnh_next(rtnh, &remaining);
	} endfor_nexthops(fi);
#endif
	return 0;
}


/*
 * Picture
 * -------
 *
 * Semantics of nexthop is very messy by historical reasons.
 * We have to take into account, that:
 * a) gateway can be actually local interface address,
 *    so that gatewayed route is direct.
 * b) gateway must be on-link address, possibly
 *    described not by an ifaddr, but also by a direct route.
 * c) If both gateway and interface are specified, they should not
 *    contradict.
 * d) If we use tunnel routes, gateway could be not on-link.
 *
 * Attempt to reconcile all of these (alas, self-contradictory) conditions
 * results in pretty ugly and hairy code with obscure logic.
 *
 * I chose to generalized it instead, so that the size
 * of code does not increase practically, but it becomes
 * much more general.
 * Every prefix is assigned a "scope" value: "host" is local address,
 * "link" is direct route,
 * [ ... "site" ... "interior" ... ]
 * and "universe" is true gateway route with global meaning.
 *
 * Every prefix refers to a set of "nexthop"s (gw, oif),
 * where gw must have narrower scope. This recursion stops
 * when gw has LOCAL scope or if "nexthop" is declared ONLINK,
 * which means that gw is forced to be on link.
 *
 * Code is still hairy, but now it is apparently logically
 * consistent and very flexible. F.e. as by-product it allows
 * to co-exists in peace independent exterior and interior
 * routing processes.
 *
 * Normally it looks as following.
 *
 * {universe prefix}  -> (gw, oif) [scope link]
 *		  |
 *		  |-> {link prefix} -> (gw, oif) [scope local]
 *					|
 *					|-> {local prefix} (terminal node)
 */
static int fib_check_nh(struct fib_config *cfg, struct fib_info *fi,
			struct fib_nh *nh)
{
	int err;
	struct net *net;
	struct net_device *dev;

	net = cfg->fc_nlinfo.nl_net;
	if (nh->nh_gw) {
		struct fib_result res;

		if (nh->nh_flags & RTNH_F_ONLINK) {

			if (cfg->fc_scope >= RT_SCOPE_LINK)
				return -EINVAL;
			if (inet_addr_type(net, nh->nh_gw) != RTN_UNICAST)
				return -EINVAL;
			dev = __dev_get_by_index(net, nh->nh_oif);
			if (!dev)
				return -ENODEV;
			if (!(dev->flags & IFF_UP))
				return -ENETDOWN;
			nh->nh_dev = dev;
			dev_hold(dev);
			nh->nh_scope = RT_SCOPE_LINK;
			return 0;
		}
		rcu_read_lock();
		{
			struct flowi fl = {
				.nl_u = {
					.ip4_u = {
						.daddr = nh->nh_gw,
						.scope = cfg->fc_scope + 1,
					},
				},
				.oif = nh->nh_oif,
			};

			/* It is not necessary, but requires a bit of thinking */
			if (fl.fl4_scope < RT_SCOPE_LINK)
				fl.fl4_scope = RT_SCOPE_LINK;
			err = fib_lookup(net, &fl, &res);
			if (err) {
				rcu_read_unlock();
				return err;
			}
		}
		err = -EINVAL;
		if (res.type != RTN_UNICAST && res.type != RTN_LOCAL)
			goto out;
		nh->nh_scope = res.scope;
		nh->nh_oif = FIB_RES_OIF(res);
		nh->nh_dev = dev = FIB_RES_DEV(res);
		if (!dev)
			goto out;
		dev_hold(dev);
		err = (dev->flags & IFF_UP) ? 0 : -ENETDOWN;
	} else {
		struct in_device *in_dev;

		if (nh->nh_flags & (RTNH_F_PERVASIVE | RTNH_F_ONLINK))
			return -EINVAL;

		rcu_read_lock();
		err = -ENODEV;
		in_dev = inetdev_by_index(net, nh->nh_oif);
		if (in_dev == NULL)
			goto out;
		err = -ENETDOWN;
		if (!(in_dev->dev->flags & IFF_UP))
			goto out;
		nh->nh_dev = in_dev->dev;
		dev_hold(nh->nh_dev);
		nh->nh_scope = RT_SCOPE_HOST;
		err = 0;
	}
out:
	rcu_read_unlock();
	return err;
}

static inline unsigned int fib_laddr_hashfn(__be32 val)
{
	unsigned int mask = (fib_hash_size - 1);

	return ((__force u32)val ^
		((__force u32)val >> 7) ^
		((__force u32)val >> 14)) & mask;
}

static struct hlist_head *fib_hash_alloc(int bytes)
{
	if (bytes <= PAGE_SIZE)
		return kzalloc(bytes, GFP_KERNEL);
	else
		return (struct hlist_head *)
			__get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO,
					 get_order(bytes));
}

static void fib_hash_free(struct hlist_head *hash, int bytes)
{
	if (!hash)
		return;

	if (bytes <= PAGE_SIZE)
		kfree(hash);
	else
		free_pages((unsigned long) hash, get_order(bytes));
}

static void fib_hash_move(struct hlist_head *new_info_hash,
			  struct hlist_head *new_laddrhash,
			  unsigned int new_size)
{
	struct hlist_head *old_info_hash, *old_laddrhash;
	unsigned int old_size = fib_hash_size;
	unsigned int i, bytes;

	spin_lock_bh(&fib_info_lock);
	old_info_hash = fib_info_hash;
	old_laddrhash = fib_info_laddrhash;
	fib_hash_size = new_size;

	for (i = 0; i < old_size; i++) {
		struct hlist_head *head = &fib_info_hash[i];
		struct hlist_node *node, *n;
		struct fib_info *fi;

		hlist_for_each_entry_safe(fi, node, n, head, fib_hash) {
			struct hlist_head *dest;
			unsigned int new_hash;

			hlist_del(&fi->fib_hash);

			new_hash = fib_info_hashfn(fi);
			dest = &new_info_hash[new_hash];
			hlist_add_head(&fi->fib_hash, dest);
		}
	}
	fib_info_hash = new_info_hash;

	for (i = 0; i < old_size; i++) {
		struct hlist_head *lhead = &fib_info_laddrhash[i];
		struct hlist_node *node, *n;
		struct fib_info *fi;

		hlist_for_each_entry_safe(fi, node, n, lhead, fib_lhash) {
			struct hlist_head *ldest;
			unsigned int new_hash;

			hlist_del(&fi->fib_lhash);

			new_hash = fib_laddr_hashfn(fi->fib_prefsrc);
			ldest = &new_laddrhash[new_hash];
			hlist_add_head(&fi->fib_lhash, ldest);
		}
	}
	fib_info_laddrhash = new_laddrhash;

	spin_unlock_bh(&fib_info_lock);

	bytes = old_size * sizeof(struct hlist_head *);
	fib_hash_free(old_info_hash, bytes);
	fib_hash_free(old_laddrhash, bytes);
}

struct fib_info *fib_create_info(struct fib_config *cfg)
{
	int err;
	struct fib_info *fi = NULL;
	struct fib_info *ofi;
	int nhs = 1;
	struct net *net = cfg->fc_nlinfo.nl_net;

	/* Fast check to catch the most weird cases */
	if (fib_props[cfg->fc_type].scope > cfg->fc_scope)
		goto err_inval;

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
	if (cfg->fc_mp) {
		nhs = fib_count_nexthops(cfg->fc_mp, cfg->fc_mp_len);
		if (nhs == 0)
			goto err_inval;
	}
#endif

	err = -ENOBUFS;
	if (fib_info_cnt >= fib_hash_size) {
		unsigned int new_size = fib_hash_size << 1;
		struct hlist_head *new_info_hash;
		struct hlist_head *new_laddrhash;
		unsigned int bytes;

		if (!new_size)
			new_size = 1;
		bytes = new_size * sizeof(struct hlist_head *);
		new_info_hash = fib_hash_alloc(bytes);
		new_laddrhash = fib_hash_alloc(bytes);
		if (!new_info_hash || !new_laddrhash) {
			fib_hash_free(new_info_hash, bytes);
			fib_hash_free(new_laddrhash, bytes);
		} else
			fib_hash_move(new_info_hash, new_laddrhash, new_size);

		if (!fib_hash_size)
			goto failure;
	}

	fi = kzalloc(sizeof(*fi)+nhs*sizeof(struct fib_nh), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (fi == NULL)
		goto failure;
	fib_info_cnt++;

	fi->fib_net = hold_net(net);
	fi->fib_protocol = cfg->fc_protocol;
	fi->fib_flags = cfg->fc_flags;
	fi->fib_priority = cfg->fc_priority;
	fi->fib_prefsrc = cfg->fc_prefsrc;

	fi->fib_nhs = nhs;
	change_nexthops(fi) {
		nexthop_nh->nh_parent = fi;
	} endfor_nexthops(fi)

	if (cfg->fc_mx) {
		struct nlattr *nla;
		int remaining;

		nla_for_each_attr(nla, cfg->fc_mx, cfg->fc_mx_len, remaining) {
			int type = nla_type(nla);

			if (type) {
				if (type > RTAX_MAX)
					goto err_inval;
				fi->fib_metrics[type - 1] = nla_get_u32(nla);
			}
		}
	}

	if (cfg->fc_mp) {
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
		err = fib_get_nhs(fi, cfg->fc_mp, cfg->fc_mp_len, cfg);
		if (err != 0)
			goto failure;
		if (cfg->fc_oif && fi->fib_nh->nh_oif != cfg->fc_oif)
			goto err_inval;
		if (cfg->fc_gw && fi->fib_nh->nh_gw != cfg->fc_gw)
			goto err_inval;
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
		if (cfg->fc_flow && fi->fib_nh->nh_tclassid != cfg->fc_flow)
			goto err_inval;
#endif
#else
		goto err_inval;
#endif
	} else {
		struct fib_nh *nh = fi->fib_nh;

		nh->nh_oif = cfg->fc_oif;
		nh->nh_gw = cfg->fc_gw;
		nh->nh_flags = cfg->fc_flags;
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
		nh->nh_tclassid = cfg->fc_flow;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
		nh->nh_weight = 1;
#endif
	}

	if (fib_props[cfg->fc_type].error) {
		if (cfg->fc_gw || cfg->fc_oif || cfg->fc_mp)
			goto err_inval;
		goto link_it;
	}

	if (cfg->fc_scope > RT_SCOPE_HOST)
		goto err_inval;

	if (cfg->fc_scope == RT_SCOPE_HOST) {
		struct fib_nh *nh = fi->fib_nh;

		/* Local address is added. */
		if (nhs != 1 || nh->nh_gw)
			goto err_inval;
		nh->nh_scope = RT_SCOPE_NOWHERE;
		nh->nh_dev = dev_get_by_index(net, fi->fib_nh->nh_oif);
		err = -ENODEV;
		if (nh->nh_dev == NULL)
			goto failure;
	} else {
		change_nexthops(fi) {
			err = fib_check_nh(cfg, fi, nexthop_nh);
			if (err != 0)
				goto failure;
		} endfor_nexthops(fi)
	}

	if (fi->fib_prefsrc) {
		if (cfg->fc_type != RTN_LOCAL || !cfg->fc_dst ||
		    fi->fib_prefsrc != cfg->fc_dst)
			if (inet_addr_type(net, fi->fib_prefsrc) != RTN_LOCAL)
				goto err_inval;
	}

link_it:
	ofi = fib_find_info(fi);
	if (ofi) {
		fi->fib_dead = 1;
		free_fib_info(fi);
		ofi->fib_treeref++;
		return ofi;
	}

	fi->fib_treeref++;
	atomic_inc(&fi->fib_clntref);
	spin_lock_bh(&fib_info_lock);
	hlist_add_head(&fi->fib_hash,
		       &fib_info_hash[fib_info_hashfn(fi)]);
	if (fi->fib_prefsrc) {
		struct hlist_head *head;

		head = &fib_info_laddrhash[fib_laddr_hashfn(fi->fib_prefsrc)];
		hlist_add_head(&fi->fib_lhash, head);
	}
	change_nexthops(fi) {
		struct hlist_head *head;
		unsigned int hash;

		if (!nexthop_nh->nh_dev)
			continue;
		hash = fib_devindex_hashfn(nexthop_nh->nh_dev->ifindex);
		head = &fib_info_devhash[hash];
		hlist_add_head(&nexthop_nh->nh_hash, head);
	} endfor_nexthops(fi)
	spin_unlock_bh(&fib_info_lock);
	return fi;

err_inval:
	err = -EINVAL;

failure:
	if (fi) {
		fi->fib_dead = 1;
		free_fib_info(fi);
	}

	return ERR_PTR(err);
}

/* Note! fib_semantic_match intentionally uses  RCU list functions. */
int fib_semantic_match(struct list_head *head, const struct flowi *flp,
		       struct fib_result *res, int prefixlen, int fib_flags)
{
	struct fib_alias *fa;
	int nh_sel = 0;

	list_for_each_entry_rcu(fa, head, fa_list) {
		int err;

		if (fa->fa_tos &&
		    fa->fa_tos != flp->fl4_tos)
			continue;

		if (fa->fa_scope < flp->fl4_scope)
			continue;

		fib_alias_accessed(fa);

		err = fib_props[fa->fa_type].error;
		if (err == 0) {
			struct fib_info *fi = fa->fa_info;

			if (fi->fib_flags & RTNH_F_DEAD)
				continue;

			switch (fa->fa_type) {
			case RTN_UNICAST:
			case RTN_LOCAL:
			case RTN_BROADCAST:
			case RTN_ANYCAST:
			case RTN_MULTICAST:
				for_nexthops(fi) {
					if (nh->nh_flags & RTNH_F_DEAD)
						continue;
					if (!flp->oif || flp->oif == nh->nh_oif)
						break;
				}
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
				if (nhsel < fi->fib_nhs) {
					nh_sel = nhsel;
					goto out_fill_res;
				}
#else
				if (nhsel < 1)
					goto out_fill_res;
#endif
				endfor_nexthops(fi);
				continue;

			default:
				pr_warning("fib_semantic_match bad type %#x\n",
					   fa->fa_type);
				return -EINVAL;
			}
		}
		return err;
	}
	return 1;

out_fill_res:
	res->prefixlen = prefixlen;
	res->nh_sel = nh_sel;
	res->type = fa->fa_type;
	res->scope = fa->fa_scope;
	res->fi = fa->fa_info;
	if (!(fib_flags & FIB_LOOKUP_NOREF))
		atomic_inc(&res->fi->fib_clntref);
	return 0;
}

/* Find appropriate source address to this destination */

__be32 __fib_res_prefsrc(struct fib_result *res)
{
	return inet_select_addr(FIB_RES_DEV(*res), FIB_RES_GW(*res), res->scope);
}

int fib_dump_info(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 pid, u32 seq, int event,
		  u32 tb_id, u8 type, u8 scope, __be32 dst, int dst_len, u8 tos,
		  struct fib_info *fi, unsigned int flags)
{
	struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
	struct rtmsg *rtm;

	nlh = nlmsg_put(skb, pid, seq, event, sizeof(*rtm), flags);
	if (nlh == NULL)
		return -EMSGSIZE;

	rtm = nlmsg_data(nlh);
	rtm->rtm_family = AF_INET;
	rtm->rtm_dst_len = dst_len;
	rtm->rtm_src_len = 0;
	rtm->rtm_tos = tos;
	if (tb_id < 256)
		rtm->rtm_table = tb_id;
	else
		rtm->rtm_table = RT_TABLE_COMPAT;
	NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_TABLE, tb_id);
	rtm->rtm_type = type;
	rtm->rtm_flags = fi->fib_flags;
	rtm->rtm_scope = scope;
	rtm->rtm_protocol = fi->fib_protocol;

	if (rtm->rtm_dst_len)
		NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_DST, dst);

	if (fi->fib_priority)
		NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_PRIORITY, fi->fib_priority);

	if (rtnetlink_put_metrics(skb, fi->fib_metrics) < 0)
		goto nla_put_failure;

	if (fi->fib_prefsrc)
		NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_PREFSRC, fi->fib_prefsrc);

	if (fi->fib_nhs == 1) {
		if (fi->fib_nh->nh_gw)
			NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_GATEWAY, fi->fib_nh->nh_gw);

		if (fi->fib_nh->nh_oif)
			NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_OIF, fi->fib_nh->nh_oif);
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
		if (fi->fib_nh[0].nh_tclassid)
			NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_FLOW, fi->fib_nh[0].nh_tclassid);
#endif
	}
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
	if (fi->fib_nhs > 1) {
		struct rtnexthop *rtnh;
		struct nlattr *mp;

		mp = nla_nest_start(skb, RTA_MULTIPATH);
		if (mp == NULL)
			goto nla_put_failure;

		for_nexthops(fi) {
			rtnh = nla_reserve_nohdr(skb, sizeof(*rtnh));
			if (rtnh == NULL)
				goto nla_put_failure;

			rtnh->rtnh_flags = nh->nh_flags & 0xFF;
			rtnh->rtnh_hops = nh->nh_weight - 1;
			rtnh->rtnh_ifindex = nh->nh_oif;

			if (nh->nh_gw)
				NLA_PUT_BE32(skb, RTA_GATEWAY, nh->nh_gw);
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ROUTE
			if (nh->nh_tclassid)
				NLA_PUT_U32(skb, RTA_FLOW, nh->nh_tclassid);
#endif
			/* length of rtnetlink header + attributes */
			rtnh->rtnh_len = nlmsg_get_pos(skb) - (void *) rtnh;
		} endfor_nexthops(fi);

		nla_nest_end(skb, mp);
	}
#endif
	return nlmsg_end(skb, nlh);

nla_put_failure:
	nlmsg_cancel(skb, nlh);
	return -EMSGSIZE;
}

/*
 * Update FIB if:
 * - local address disappeared -> we must delete all the entries
 *   referring to it.
 * - device went down -> we must shutdown all nexthops going via it.
 */
int fib_sync_down_addr(struct net *net, __be32 local)
{
	int ret = 0;
	unsigned int hash = fib_laddr_hashfn(local);
	struct hlist_head *head = &fib_info_laddrhash[hash];
	struct hlist_node *node;
	struct fib_info *fi;

	if (fib_info_laddrhash == NULL || local == 0)
		return 0;

	hlist_for_each_entry(fi, node, head, fib_lhash) {
		if (!net_eq(fi->fib_net, net))
			continue;
		if (fi->fib_prefsrc == local) {
			fi->fib_flags |= RTNH_F_DEAD;
			ret++;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

int fib_sync_down_dev(struct net_device *dev, int force)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int scope = RT_SCOPE_NOWHERE;
	struct fib_info *prev_fi = NULL;
	unsigned int hash = fib_devindex_hashfn(dev->ifindex);
	struct hlist_head *head = &fib_info_devhash[hash];
	struct hlist_node *node;
	struct fib_nh *nh;

	if (force)
		scope = -1;

	hlist_for_each_entry(nh, node, head, nh_hash) {
		struct fib_info *fi = nh->nh_parent;
		int dead;

		BUG_ON(!fi->fib_nhs);
		if (nh->nh_dev != dev || fi == prev_fi)
			continue;
		prev_fi = fi;
		dead = 0;
		change_nexthops(fi) {
			if (nexthop_nh->nh_flags & RTNH_F_DEAD)
				dead++;
			else if (nexthop_nh->nh_dev == dev &&
				 nexthop_nh->nh_scope != scope) {
				nexthop_nh->nh_flags |= RTNH_F_DEAD;
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
				spin_lock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
				fi->fib_power -= nexthop_nh->nh_power;
				nexthop_nh->nh_power = 0;
				spin_unlock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
#endif
				dead++;
			}
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
			if (force > 1 && nexthop_nh->nh_dev == dev) {
				dead = fi->fib_nhs;
				break;
			}
#endif
		} endfor_nexthops(fi)
		if (dead == fi->fib_nhs) {
			fi->fib_flags |= RTNH_F_DEAD;
			ret++;
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH

/*
 * Dead device goes up. We wake up dead nexthops.
 * It takes sense only on multipath routes.
 */
int fib_sync_up(struct net_device *dev)
{
	struct fib_info *prev_fi;
	unsigned int hash;
	struct hlist_head *head;
	struct hlist_node *node;
	struct fib_nh *nh;
	int ret;

	if (!(dev->flags & IFF_UP))
		return 0;

	prev_fi = NULL;
	hash = fib_devindex_hashfn(dev->ifindex);
	head = &fib_info_devhash[hash];
	ret = 0;

	hlist_for_each_entry(nh, node, head, nh_hash) {
		struct fib_info *fi = nh->nh_parent;
		int alive;

		BUG_ON(!fi->fib_nhs);
		if (nh->nh_dev != dev || fi == prev_fi)
			continue;

		prev_fi = fi;
		alive = 0;
		change_nexthops(fi) {
			if (!(nexthop_nh->nh_flags & RTNH_F_DEAD)) {
				alive++;
				continue;
			}
			if (nexthop_nh->nh_dev == NULL ||
			    !(nexthop_nh->nh_dev->flags & IFF_UP))
				continue;
			if (nexthop_nh->nh_dev != dev ||
			    !__in_dev_get_rtnl(dev))
				continue;
			alive++;
			spin_lock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
			nexthop_nh->nh_power = 0;
			nexthop_nh->nh_flags &= ~RTNH_F_DEAD;
			spin_unlock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
		} endfor_nexthops(fi)

		if (alive > 0) {
			fi->fib_flags &= ~RTNH_F_DEAD;
			ret++;
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

/*
 * The algorithm is suboptimal, but it provides really
 * fair weighted route distribution.
 */
void fib_select_multipath(const struct flowi *flp, struct fib_result *res)
{
	struct fib_info *fi = res->fi;
	int w;

	spin_lock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
	if (fi->fib_power <= 0) {
		int power = 0;
		change_nexthops(fi) {
			if (!(nexthop_nh->nh_flags & RTNH_F_DEAD)) {
				power += nexthop_nh->nh_weight;
				nexthop_nh->nh_power = nexthop_nh->nh_weight;
			}
		} endfor_nexthops(fi);
		fi->fib_power = power;
		if (power <= 0) {
			spin_unlock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
			/* Race condition: route has just become dead. */
			res->nh_sel = 0;
			return;
		}
	}


	/* w should be random number [0..fi->fib_power-1],
	 * it is pretty bad approximation.
	 */

	w = jiffies % fi->fib_power;

	change_nexthops(fi) {
		if (!(nexthop_nh->nh_flags & RTNH_F_DEAD) &&
		    nexthop_nh->nh_power) {
			w -= nexthop_nh->nh_power;
			if (w <= 0) {
				nexthop_nh->nh_power--;
				fi->fib_power--;
				res->nh_sel = nhsel;
				spin_unlock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
				return;
			}
		}
	} endfor_nexthops(fi);

	/* Race condition: route has just become dead. */
	res->nh_sel = 0;
	spin_unlock_bh(&fib_multipath_lock);
}
#endif