cookie.c

/* netfs cookie management
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * See Documentation/filesystems/caching/netfs-api.txt for more information on
 * the netfs API.
 */

#define FSCACHE_DEBUG_LEVEL COOKIE
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "internal.h"

struct kmem_cache *fscache_cookie_jar;

static atomic_t fscache_object_debug_id = ATOMIC_INIT(0);

static int fscache_acquire_non_index_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie);
static int fscache_alloc_object(struct fscache_cache *cache,
				struct fscache_cookie *cookie);
static int fscache_attach_object(struct fscache_cookie *cookie,
				 struct fscache_object *object);

/*
 * initialise an cookie jar slab element prior to any use
 */
void fscache_cookie_init_once(void *_cookie)
{
	struct fscache_cookie *cookie = _cookie;

	memset(cookie, 0, sizeof(*cookie));
	spin_lock_init(&cookie->lock);
	spin_lock_init(&cookie->stores_lock);
	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&cookie->backing_objects);
}

/*
 * request a cookie to represent an object (index, datafile, xattr, etc)
 * - parent specifies the parent object
 *   - the top level index cookie for each netfs is stored in the fscache_netfs
 *     struct upon registration
 * - def points to the definition
 * - the netfs_data will be passed to the functions pointed to in *def
 * - all attached caches will be searched to see if they contain this object
 * - index objects aren't stored on disk until there's a dependent file that
 *   needs storing
 * - other objects are stored in a selected cache immediately, and all the
 *   indices forming the path to it are instantiated if necessary
 * - we never let on to the netfs about errors
 *   - we may set a negative cookie pointer, but that's okay
 */
struct fscache_cookie *__fscache_acquire_cookie(
	struct fscache_cookie *parent,
	const struct fscache_cookie_def *def,
	void *netfs_data,
	bool enable)
{
	struct fscache_cookie *cookie;

	BUG_ON(!def);

	_enter("{%s},{%s},%p,%u",
	       parent ? (char *) parent->def->name : "<no-parent>",
	       def->name, netfs_data, enable);

	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_acquires);

	/* if there's no parent cookie, then we don't create one here either */
	if (!parent) {
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_acquires_null);
		_leave(" [no parent]");
		return NULL;
	}

	/* validate the definition */
	BUG_ON(!def->get_key);
	BUG_ON(!def->name[0]);

	BUG_ON(def->type == FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX &&
	       parent->def->type != FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX);

	/* allocate and initialise a cookie */
	cookie = kmem_cache_alloc(fscache_cookie_jar, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!cookie) {
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_acquires_oom);
		_leave(" [ENOMEM]");
		return NULL;
	}

	atomic_set(&cookie->usage, 1);
	atomic_set(&cookie->n_children, 0);

	/* We keep the active count elevated until relinquishment to prevent an
	 * attempt to wake up every time the object operations queue quiesces.
	 */
	atomic_set(&cookie->n_active, 1);

	fscache_cookie_get(parent, fscache_cookie_get_acquire_parent);
	atomic_inc(&parent->n_children);

	cookie->def		= def;
	cookie->parent		= parent;
	cookie->netfs_data	= netfs_data;
	cookie->flags		= (1 << FSCACHE_COOKIE_NO_DATA_YET);

	/* radix tree insertion won't use the preallocation pool unless it's
	 * told it may not wait */
	INIT_RADIX_TREE(&cookie->stores, GFP_NOFS & ~__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM);

	switch (cookie->def->type) {
	case FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX:
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_cookie_index);
		break;
	case FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_DATAFILE:
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_cookie_data);
		break;
	default:
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_cookie_special);
		break;
	}

	trace_fscache_acquire(cookie);

	if (enable) {
		/* if the object is an index then we need do nothing more here
		 * - we create indices on disk when we need them as an index
		 * may exist in multiple caches */
		if (cookie->def->type != FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX) {
			if (fscache_acquire_non_index_cookie(cookie) == 0) {
				set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLED, &cookie->flags);
			} else {
				atomic_dec(&parent->n_children);
				fscache_cookie_put(cookie,
						   fscache_cookie_put_acquire_nobufs);
				fscache_stat(&fscache_n_acquires_nobufs);
				_leave(" = NULL");
				return NULL;
			}
		} else {
			set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLED, &cookie->flags);
		}
	}

	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_acquires_ok);
	_leave(" = %p", cookie);
	return cookie;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_acquire_cookie);

/*
 * Enable a cookie to permit it to accept new operations.
 */
void __fscache_enable_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie,
			     bool (*can_enable)(void *data),
			     void *data)
{
	_enter("%p", cookie);

	trace_fscache_enable(cookie);

	wait_on_bit_lock(&cookie->flags, FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLEMENT_LOCK,
			 TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);

	if (test_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLED, &cookie->flags))
		goto out_unlock;

	if (can_enable && !can_enable(data)) {
		/* The netfs decided it didn't want to enable after all */
	} else if (cookie->def->type != FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX) {
		/* Wait for outstanding disablement to complete */
		__fscache_wait_on_invalidate(cookie);

		if (fscache_acquire_non_index_cookie(cookie) == 0)
			set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLED, &cookie->flags);
	} else {
		set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLED, &cookie->flags);
	}

out_unlock:
	clear_bit_unlock(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLEMENT_LOCK, &cookie->flags);
	wake_up_bit(&cookie->flags, FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLEMENT_LOCK);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_enable_cookie);

/*
 * acquire a non-index cookie
 * - this must make sure the index chain is instantiated and instantiate the
 *   object representation too
 */
static int fscache_acquire_non_index_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie)
{
	struct fscache_object *object;
	struct fscache_cache *cache;
	uint64_t i_size;
	int ret;

	_enter("");

	set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_UNAVAILABLE, &cookie->flags);

	/* now we need to see whether the backing objects for this cookie yet
	 * exist, if not there'll be nothing to search */
	down_read(&fscache_addremove_sem);

	if (list_empty(&fscache_cache_list)) {
		up_read(&fscache_addremove_sem);
		_leave(" = 0 [no caches]");
		return 0;
	}

	/* select a cache in which to store the object */
	cache = fscache_select_cache_for_object(cookie->parent);
	if (!cache) {
		up_read(&fscache_addremove_sem);
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_acquires_no_cache);
		_leave(" = -ENOMEDIUM [no cache]");
		return -ENOMEDIUM;
	}

	_debug("cache %s", cache->tag->name);

	set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_LOOKING_UP, &cookie->flags);

	/* ask the cache to allocate objects for this cookie and its parent
	 * chain */
	ret = fscache_alloc_object(cache, cookie);
	if (ret < 0) {
		up_read(&fscache_addremove_sem);
		_leave(" = %d", ret);
		return ret;
	}

	/* pass on how big the object we're caching is supposed to be */
	cookie->def->get_attr(cookie->netfs_data, &i_size);

	spin_lock(&cookie->lock);
	if (hlist_empty(&cookie->backing_objects)) {
		spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
		goto unavailable;
	}

	object = hlist_entry(cookie->backing_objects.first,
			     struct fscache_object, cookie_link);

	fscache_set_store_limit(object, i_size);

	/* initiate the process of looking up all the objects in the chain
	 * (done by fscache_initialise_object()) */
	fscache_raise_event(object, FSCACHE_OBJECT_EV_NEW_CHILD);

	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);

	/* we may be required to wait for lookup to complete at this point */
	if (!fscache_defer_lookup) {
		_debug("non-deferred lookup %p", &cookie->flags);
		wait_on_bit(&cookie->flags, FSCACHE_COOKIE_LOOKING_UP,
			    TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
		_debug("complete");
		if (test_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_UNAVAILABLE, &cookie->flags))
			goto unavailable;
	}

	up_read(&fscache_addremove_sem);
	_leave(" = 0 [deferred]");
	return 0;

unavailable:
	up_read(&fscache_addremove_sem);
	_leave(" = -ENOBUFS");
	return -ENOBUFS;
}

/*
 * recursively allocate cache object records for a cookie/cache combination
 * - caller must be holding the addremove sem
 */
static int fscache_alloc_object(struct fscache_cache *cache,
				struct fscache_cookie *cookie)
{
	struct fscache_object *object;
	int ret;

	_enter("%p,%p{%s}", cache, cookie, cookie->def->name);

	spin_lock(&cookie->lock);
	hlist_for_each_entry(object, &cookie->backing_objects,
			     cookie_link) {
		if (object->cache == cache)
			goto object_already_extant;
	}
	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);

	/* ask the cache to allocate an object (we may end up with duplicate
	 * objects at this stage, but we sort that out later) */
	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_cop_alloc_object);
	object = cache->ops->alloc_object(cache, cookie);
	fscache_stat_d(&fscache_n_cop_alloc_object);
	if (IS_ERR(object)) {
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_object_no_alloc);
		ret = PTR_ERR(object);
		goto error;
	}

	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_object_alloc);

	object->debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&fscache_object_debug_id);

	_debug("ALLOC OBJ%x: %s {%lx}",
	       object->debug_id, cookie->def->name, object->events);

	ret = fscache_alloc_object(cache, cookie->parent);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto error_put;

	/* only attach if we managed to allocate all we needed, otherwise
	 * discard the object we just allocated and instead use the one
	 * attached to the cookie */
	if (fscache_attach_object(cookie, object) < 0) {
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_cop_put_object);
		cache->ops->put_object(object, fscache_obj_put_attach_fail);
		fscache_stat_d(&fscache_n_cop_put_object);
	}

	_leave(" = 0");
	return 0;

object_already_extant:
	ret = -ENOBUFS;
	if (fscache_object_is_dying(object) ||
	    fscache_cache_is_broken(object)) {
		spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
		goto error;
	}
	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
	_leave(" = 0 [found]");
	return 0;

error_put:
	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_cop_put_object);
	cache->ops->put_object(object, fscache_obj_put_alloc_fail);
	fscache_stat_d(&fscache_n_cop_put_object);
error:
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * attach a cache object to a cookie
 */
static int fscache_attach_object(struct fscache_cookie *cookie,
				 struct fscache_object *object)
{
	struct fscache_object *p;
	struct fscache_cache *cache = object->cache;
	int ret;

	_enter("{%s},{OBJ%x}", cookie->def->name, object->debug_id);

	spin_lock(&cookie->lock);

	/* there may be multiple initial creations of this object, but we only
	 * want one */
	ret = -EEXIST;
	hlist_for_each_entry(p, &cookie->backing_objects, cookie_link) {
		if (p->cache == object->cache) {
			if (fscache_object_is_dying(p))
				ret = -ENOBUFS;
			goto cant_attach_object;
		}
	}

	/* pin the parent object */
	spin_lock_nested(&cookie->parent->lock, 1);
	hlist_for_each_entry(p, &cookie->parent->backing_objects,
			     cookie_link) {
		if (p->cache == object->cache) {
			if (fscache_object_is_dying(p)) {
				ret = -ENOBUFS;
				spin_unlock(&cookie->parent->lock);
				goto cant_attach_object;
			}
			object->parent = p;
			spin_lock(&p->lock);
			p->n_children++;
			spin_unlock(&p->lock);
			break;
		}
	}
	spin_unlock(&cookie->parent->lock);

	/* attach to the cache's object list */
	if (list_empty(&object->cache_link)) {
		spin_lock(&cache->object_list_lock);
		list_add(&object->cache_link, &cache->object_list);
		spin_unlock(&cache->object_list_lock);
	}

	/* attach to the cookie */
	object->cookie = cookie;
	fscache_cookie_get(cookie, fscache_cookie_get_attach_object);
	hlist_add_head(&object->cookie_link, &cookie->backing_objects);

	fscache_objlist_add(object);
	ret = 0;

cant_attach_object:
	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Invalidate an object.  Callable with spinlocks held.
 */
void __fscache_invalidate(struct fscache_cookie *cookie)
{
	struct fscache_object *object;

	_enter("{%s}", cookie->def->name);

	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_invalidates);

	/* Only permit invalidation of data files.  Invalidating an index will
	 * require the caller to release all its attachments to the tree rooted
	 * there, and if it's doing that, it may as well just retire the
	 * cookie.
	 */
	ASSERTCMP(cookie->def->type, ==, FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_DATAFILE);

	/* We will be updating the cookie too. */
	BUG_ON(!cookie->def->get_aux);

	/* If there's an object, we tell the object state machine to handle the
	 * invalidation on our behalf, otherwise there's nothing to do.
	 */
	if (!hlist_empty(&cookie->backing_objects)) {
		spin_lock(&cookie->lock);

		if (fscache_cookie_enabled(cookie) &&
		    !hlist_empty(&cookie->backing_objects) &&
		    !test_and_set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_INVALIDATING,
				      &cookie->flags)) {
			object = hlist_entry(cookie->backing_objects.first,
					     struct fscache_object,
					     cookie_link);
			if (fscache_object_is_live(object))
				fscache_raise_event(
					object, FSCACHE_OBJECT_EV_INVALIDATE);
		}

		spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
	}

	_leave("");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_invalidate);

/*
 * Wait for object invalidation to complete.
 */
void __fscache_wait_on_invalidate(struct fscache_cookie *cookie)
{
	_enter("%p", cookie);

	wait_on_bit(&cookie->flags, FSCACHE_COOKIE_INVALIDATING,
		    TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);

	_leave("");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_wait_on_invalidate);

/*
 * update the index entries backing a cookie
 */
void __fscache_update_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie)
{
	struct fscache_object *object;

	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_updates);

	if (!cookie) {
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_updates_null);
		_leave(" [no cookie]");
		return;
	}

	_enter("{%s}", cookie->def->name);

	BUG_ON(!cookie->def->get_aux);

	spin_lock(&cookie->lock);

	if (fscache_cookie_enabled(cookie)) {
		/* update the index entry on disk in each cache backing this
		 * cookie.
		 */
		hlist_for_each_entry(object,
				     &cookie->backing_objects, cookie_link) {
			fscache_raise_event(object, FSCACHE_OBJECT_EV_UPDATE);
		}
	}

	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
	_leave("");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_update_cookie);

/*
 * Disable a cookie to stop it from accepting new requests from the netfs.
 */
void __fscache_disable_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie, bool invalidate)
{
	struct fscache_object *object;
	bool awaken = false;

	_enter("%p,%u", cookie, invalidate);

	trace_fscache_disable(cookie);

	ASSERTCMP(atomic_read(&cookie->n_active), >, 0);

	if (atomic_read(&cookie->n_children) != 0) {
		pr_err("Cookie '%s' still has children\n",
		       cookie->def->name);
		BUG();
	}

	wait_on_bit_lock(&cookie->flags, FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLEMENT_LOCK,
			 TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
	if (!test_and_clear_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLED, &cookie->flags))
		goto out_unlock_enable;

	/* If the cookie is being invalidated, wait for that to complete first
	 * so that we can reuse the flag.
	 */
	__fscache_wait_on_invalidate(cookie);

	/* Dispose of the backing objects */
	set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_INVALIDATING, &cookie->flags);

	spin_lock(&cookie->lock);
	if (!hlist_empty(&cookie->backing_objects)) {
		hlist_for_each_entry(object, &cookie->backing_objects, cookie_link) {
			if (invalidate)
				set_bit(FSCACHE_OBJECT_RETIRED, &object->flags);
			clear_bit(FSCACHE_OBJECT_PENDING_WRITE, &object->flags);
			fscache_raise_event(object, FSCACHE_OBJECT_EV_KILL);
		}
	} else {
		if (test_and_clear_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_INVALIDATING, &cookie->flags))
			awaken = true;
	}
	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
	if (awaken)
		wake_up_bit(&cookie->flags, FSCACHE_COOKIE_INVALIDATING);

	/* Wait for cessation of activity requiring access to the netfs (when
	 * n_active reaches 0).  This makes sure outstanding reads and writes
	 * have completed.
	 */
	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&cookie->n_active)) {
		wait_var_event(&cookie->n_active,
			       !atomic_read(&cookie->n_active));
	}

	/* Make sure any pending writes are cancelled. */
	if (cookie->def->type != FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_INDEX)
		fscache_invalidate_writes(cookie);

	/* Reset the cookie state if it wasn't relinquished */
	if (!test_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_RELINQUISHED, &cookie->flags)) {
		atomic_inc(&cookie->n_active);
		set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_NO_DATA_YET, &cookie->flags);
	}

out_unlock_enable:
	clear_bit_unlock(FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLEMENT_LOCK, &cookie->flags);
	wake_up_bit(&cookie->flags, FSCACHE_COOKIE_ENABLEMENT_LOCK);
	_leave("");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_disable_cookie);

/*
 * release a cookie back to the cache
 * - the object will be marked as recyclable on disk if retire is true
 * - all dependents of this cookie must have already been unregistered
 *   (indices/files/pages)
 */
void __fscache_relinquish_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie, bool retire)
{
	fscache_stat(&fscache_n_relinquishes);
	if (retire)
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_relinquishes_retire);

	if (!cookie) {
		fscache_stat(&fscache_n_relinquishes_null);
		_leave(" [no cookie]");
		return;
	}

	_enter("%p{%s,%p,%d},%d",
	       cookie, cookie->def->name, cookie->netfs_data,
	       atomic_read(&cookie->n_active), retire);

	trace_fscache_relinquish(cookie, retire);

	/* No further netfs-accessing operations on this cookie permitted */
	if (test_and_set_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_RELINQUISHED, &cookie->flags))
		BUG();

	__fscache_disable_cookie(cookie, retire);

	/* Clear pointers back to the netfs */
	cookie->netfs_data	= NULL;
	cookie->def		= NULL;
	BUG_ON(cookie->stores.rnode);

	if (cookie->parent) {
		ASSERTCMP(atomic_read(&cookie->parent->usage), >, 0);
		ASSERTCMP(atomic_read(&cookie->parent->n_children), >, 0);
		atomic_dec(&cookie->parent->n_children);
	}

	/* Dispose of the netfs's link to the cookie */
	ASSERTCMP(atomic_read(&cookie->usage), >, 0);
	fscache_cookie_put(cookie, fscache_cookie_put_relinquish);

	_leave("");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_relinquish_cookie);

/*
 * Drop a reference to a cookie.
 */
void fscache_cookie_put(struct fscache_cookie *cookie,
			enum fscache_cookie_trace where)
{
	struct fscache_cookie *parent;
	int usage;

	_enter("%p", cookie);

	do {
		usage = atomic_dec_return(&cookie->usage);
		trace_fscache_cookie(cookie, where, usage);

		if (usage > 0)
			return;
		BUG_ON(usage < 0);

		parent = cookie->parent;
		BUG_ON(!hlist_empty(&cookie->backing_objects));
		kmem_cache_free(fscache_cookie_jar, cookie);

		cookie = parent;
		where = fscache_cookie_put_parent;
	} while (cookie);

	_leave("");
}

/*
 * check the consistency between the netfs inode and the backing cache
 *
 * NOTE: it only serves no-index type
 */
int __fscache_check_consistency(struct fscache_cookie *cookie)
{
	struct fscache_operation *op;
	struct fscache_object *object;
	bool wake_cookie = false;
	int ret;

	_enter("%p,", cookie);

	ASSERTCMP(cookie->def->type, ==, FSCACHE_COOKIE_TYPE_DATAFILE);

	if (fscache_wait_for_deferred_lookup(cookie) < 0)
		return -ERESTARTSYS;

	if (hlist_empty(&cookie->backing_objects))
		return 0;

	op = kzalloc(sizeof(*op), GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | __GFP_NORETRY);
	if (!op)
		return -ENOMEM;

	fscache_operation_init(op, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	op->flags = FSCACHE_OP_MYTHREAD |
		(1 << FSCACHE_OP_WAITING) |
		(1 << FSCACHE_OP_UNUSE_COOKIE);

	spin_lock(&cookie->lock);

	if (!fscache_cookie_enabled(cookie) ||
	    hlist_empty(&cookie->backing_objects))
		goto inconsistent;
	object = hlist_entry(cookie->backing_objects.first,
			     struct fscache_object, cookie_link);
	if (test_bit(FSCACHE_IOERROR, &object->cache->flags))
		goto inconsistent;

	op->debug_id = atomic_inc_return(&fscache_op_debug_id);

	__fscache_use_cookie(cookie);
	if (fscache_submit_op(object, op) < 0)
		goto submit_failed;

	/* the work queue now carries its own ref on the object */
	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);

	ret = fscache_wait_for_operation_activation(object, op, NULL, NULL);
	if (ret == 0) {
		/* ask the cache to honour the operation */
		ret = object->cache->ops->check_consistency(op);
		fscache_op_complete(op, false);
	} else if (ret == -ENOBUFS) {
		ret = 0;
	}

	fscache_put_operation(op);
	_leave(" = %d", ret);
	return ret;

submit_failed:
	wake_cookie = __fscache_unuse_cookie(cookie);
inconsistent:
	spin_unlock(&cookie->lock);
	if (wake_cookie)
		__fscache_wake_unused_cookie(cookie);
	kfree(op);
	_leave(" = -ESTALE");
	return -ESTALE;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__fscache_check_consistency);