device_cgroup.c 13.4 KB
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/*
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 * device_cgroup.c - device cgroup subsystem
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 *
 * Copyright 2007 IBM Corp
 */

#include <linux/device_cgroup.h>
#include <linux/cgroup.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
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#include <linux/seq_file.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
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#include <linux/mutex.h>
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#define ACC_MKNOD 1
#define ACC_READ  2
#define ACC_WRITE 4
#define ACC_MASK (ACC_MKNOD | ACC_READ | ACC_WRITE)

#define DEV_BLOCK 1
#define DEV_CHAR  2
#define DEV_ALL   4  /* this represents all devices */

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static DEFINE_MUTEX(devcgroup_mutex);

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/*
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 * exception list locking rules:
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 * hold devcgroup_mutex for update/read.
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 * hold rcu_read_lock() for read.
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 */

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struct dev_exception_item {
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	u32 major, minor;
	short type;
	short access;
	struct list_head list;
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	struct rcu_head rcu;
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};

struct dev_cgroup {
	struct cgroup_subsys_state css;
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	struct list_head exceptions;
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	enum {
		DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW,
		DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY,
	} behavior;
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};

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static inline struct dev_cgroup *css_to_devcgroup(struct cgroup_subsys_state *s)
{
	return container_of(s, struct dev_cgroup, css);
}

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static inline struct dev_cgroup *cgroup_to_devcgroup(struct cgroup *cgroup)
{
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	return css_to_devcgroup(cgroup_subsys_state(cgroup, devices_subsys_id));
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}

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static inline struct dev_cgroup *task_devcgroup(struct task_struct *task)
{
	return css_to_devcgroup(task_subsys_state(task, devices_subsys_id));
}

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struct cgroup_subsys devices_subsys;

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static int devcgroup_can_attach(struct cgroup *new_cgrp,
				struct cgroup_taskset *set)
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{
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	struct task_struct *task = cgroup_taskset_first(set);
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	if (current != task && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return -EPERM;
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	return 0;
}

/*
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 * called under devcgroup_mutex
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 */
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static int dev_exceptions_copy(struct list_head *dest, struct list_head *orig)
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{
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	struct dev_exception_item *ex, *tmp, *new;
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	list_for_each_entry(ex, orig, list) {
		new = kmemdup(ex, sizeof(*ex), GFP_KERNEL);
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		if (!new)
			goto free_and_exit;
		list_add_tail(&new->list, dest);
	}

	return 0;

free_and_exit:
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	list_for_each_entry_safe(ex, tmp, dest, list) {
		list_del(&ex->list);
		kfree(ex);
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	}
	return -ENOMEM;
}

/*
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 * called under devcgroup_mutex
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 */
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static int dev_exception_add(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup,
			     struct dev_exception_item *ex)
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{
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	struct dev_exception_item *excopy, *walk;
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	excopy = kmemdup(ex, sizeof(*ex), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!excopy)
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		return -ENOMEM;

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	list_for_each_entry(walk, &dev_cgroup->exceptions, list) {
		if (walk->type != ex->type)
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			continue;
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		if (walk->major != ex->major)
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			continue;
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		if (walk->minor != ex->minor)
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			continue;

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		walk->access |= ex->access;
		kfree(excopy);
		excopy = NULL;
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	}

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	if (excopy != NULL)
		list_add_tail_rcu(&excopy->list, &dev_cgroup->exceptions);
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	return 0;
}

/*
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 * called under devcgroup_mutex
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 */
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static void dev_exception_rm(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup,
			     struct dev_exception_item *ex)
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{
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	struct dev_exception_item *walk, *tmp;
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	list_for_each_entry_safe(walk, tmp, &dev_cgroup->exceptions, list) {
		if (walk->type != ex->type)
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			continue;
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		if (walk->major != ex->major)
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			continue;
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		if (walk->minor != ex->minor)
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			continue;

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		walk->access &= ~ex->access;
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		if (!walk->access) {
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			list_del_rcu(&walk->list);
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			kfree_rcu(walk, rcu);
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		}
	}
}

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/**
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 * dev_exception_clean - frees all entries of the exception list
 * @dev_cgroup: dev_cgroup with the exception list to be cleaned
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 *
 * called under devcgroup_mutex
 */
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static void dev_exception_clean(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup)
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{
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	struct dev_exception_item *ex, *tmp;
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	list_for_each_entry_safe(ex, tmp, &dev_cgroup->exceptions, list) {
		list_del(&ex->list);
		kfree(ex);
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	}
}

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/*
 * called from kernel/cgroup.c with cgroup_lock() held.
 */
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static struct cgroup_subsys_state *devcgroup_create(struct cgroup *cgroup)
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{
	struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup, *parent_dev_cgroup;
	struct cgroup *parent_cgroup;
	int ret;

	dev_cgroup = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev_cgroup), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!dev_cgroup)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
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	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev_cgroup->exceptions);
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	parent_cgroup = cgroup->parent;

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	if (parent_cgroup == NULL)
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		dev_cgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW;
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	else {
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		parent_dev_cgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(parent_cgroup);
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		mutex_lock(&devcgroup_mutex);
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		ret = dev_exceptions_copy(&dev_cgroup->exceptions,
					  &parent_dev_cgroup->exceptions);
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		dev_cgroup->behavior = parent_dev_cgroup->behavior;
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		mutex_unlock(&devcgroup_mutex);
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		if (ret) {
			kfree(dev_cgroup);
			return ERR_PTR(ret);
		}
	}

	return &dev_cgroup->css;
}

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static void devcgroup_destroy(struct cgroup *cgroup)
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{
	struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup;

	dev_cgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(cgroup);
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	dev_exception_clean(dev_cgroup);
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	kfree(dev_cgroup);
}

#define DEVCG_ALLOW 1
#define DEVCG_DENY 2
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#define DEVCG_LIST 3

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#define MAJMINLEN 13
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#define ACCLEN 4
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static void set_access(char *acc, short access)
{
	int idx = 0;
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	memset(acc, 0, ACCLEN);
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	if (access & ACC_READ)
		acc[idx++] = 'r';
	if (access & ACC_WRITE)
		acc[idx++] = 'w';
	if (access & ACC_MKNOD)
		acc[idx++] = 'm';
}

static char type_to_char(short type)
{
	if (type == DEV_ALL)
		return 'a';
	if (type == DEV_CHAR)
		return 'c';
	if (type == DEV_BLOCK)
		return 'b';
	return 'X';
}

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static void set_majmin(char *str, unsigned m)
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{
	if (m == ~0)
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		strcpy(str, "*");
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	else
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		sprintf(str, "%u", m);
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}

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static int devcgroup_seq_read(struct cgroup *cgroup, struct cftype *cft,
				struct seq_file *m)
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{
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	struct dev_cgroup *devcgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(cgroup);
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	struct dev_exception_item *ex;
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	char maj[MAJMINLEN], min[MAJMINLEN], acc[ACCLEN];
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	rcu_read_lock();
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	/*
	 * To preserve the compatibility:
	 * - Only show the "all devices" when the default policy is to allow
	 * - List the exceptions in case the default policy is to deny
	 * This way, the file remains as a "whitelist of devices"
	 */
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	if (devcgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) {
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		set_access(acc, ACC_MASK);
		set_majmin(maj, ~0);
		set_majmin(min, ~0);
		seq_printf(m, "%c %s:%s %s\n", type_to_char(DEV_ALL),
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			   maj, min, acc);
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	} else {
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		list_for_each_entry_rcu(ex, &devcgroup->exceptions, list) {
			set_access(acc, ex->access);
			set_majmin(maj, ex->major);
			set_majmin(min, ex->minor);
			seq_printf(m, "%c %s:%s %s\n", type_to_char(ex->type),
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				   maj, min, acc);
		}
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	}
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	rcu_read_unlock();
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	return 0;
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}

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/**
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 * may_access - verifies if a new exception is part of what is allowed
 *		by a dev cgroup based on the default policy +
 *		exceptions. This is used to make sure a child cgroup
 *		won't have more privileges than its parent or to
 *		verify if a certain access is allowed.
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 * @dev_cgroup: dev cgroup to be tested against
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 * @refex: new exception
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 */
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static int may_access(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup,
		      struct dev_exception_item *refex)
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{
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	struct dev_exception_item *ex;
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	bool match = false;
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	list_for_each_entry(ex, &dev_cgroup->exceptions, list) {
		if ((refex->type & DEV_BLOCK) && !(ex->type & DEV_BLOCK))
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			continue;
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		if ((refex->type & DEV_CHAR) && !(ex->type & DEV_CHAR))
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			continue;
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		if (ex->major != ~0 && ex->major != refex->major)
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			continue;
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		if (ex->minor != ~0 && ex->minor != refex->minor)
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			continue;
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		if (refex->access & (~ex->access))
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			continue;
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		match = true;
		break;
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	}
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	/*
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	 * In two cases we'll consider this new exception valid:
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	 * - the dev cgroup has its default policy to allow + exception list:
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	 *   the new exception should *not* match any of the exceptions
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	 *   (behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW, !match)
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	 * - the dev cgroup has its default policy to deny + exception list:
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	 *   the new exception *should* match the exceptions
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	 *   (behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY, match)
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	 */
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	if ((dev_cgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY) == match)
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		return 1;
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	return 0;
}

/*
 * parent_has_perm:
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 * when adding a new allow rule to a device exception list, the rule
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 * must be allowed in the parent device
 */
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static int parent_has_perm(struct dev_cgroup *childcg,
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				  struct dev_exception_item *ex)
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{
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	struct cgroup *pcg = childcg->css.cgroup->parent;
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	struct dev_cgroup *parent;

	if (!pcg)
		return 1;
	parent = cgroup_to_devcgroup(pcg);
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	return may_access(parent, ex);
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}

/*
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 * Modify the exception list using allow/deny rules.
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 * CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed for this.  It's at least separate from CAP_MKNOD
 * so we can give a container CAP_MKNOD to let it create devices but not
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 * modify the exception list.
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 * It seems likely we'll want to add a CAP_CONTAINER capability to allow
 * us to also grant CAP_SYS_ADMIN to containers without giving away the
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 * device exception list controls, but for now we'll stick with CAP_SYS_ADMIN
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 *
 * Taking rules away is always allowed (given CAP_SYS_ADMIN).  Granting
 * new access is only allowed if you're in the top-level cgroup, or your
 * parent cgroup has the access you're asking for.
 */
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static int devcgroup_update_access(struct dev_cgroup *devcgroup,
				   int filetype, const char *buffer)
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{
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	const char *b;
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	char *endp;
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	int count;
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	struct dev_exception_item ex;
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	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
		return -EPERM;

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	memset(&ex, 0, sizeof(ex));
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	b = buffer;

	switch (*b) {
	case 'a':
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		switch (filetype) {
		case DEVCG_ALLOW:
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			if (!parent_has_perm(devcgroup, &ex))
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				return -EPERM;
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			dev_exception_clean(devcgroup);
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			devcgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW;
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			break;
		case DEVCG_DENY:
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			dev_exception_clean(devcgroup);
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			devcgroup->behavior = DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY;
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			break;
		default:
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		return 0;
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	case 'b':
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		ex.type = DEV_BLOCK;
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		break;
	case 'c':
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		ex.type = DEV_CHAR;
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		break;
	default:
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		return -EINVAL;
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	}
	b++;
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	if (!isspace(*b))
		return -EINVAL;
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	b++;
	if (*b == '*') {
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		ex.major = ~0;
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		b++;
	} else if (isdigit(*b)) {
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		ex.major = simple_strtoul(b, &endp, 10);
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		b = endp;
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	} else {
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		return -EINVAL;
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	}
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	if (*b != ':')
		return -EINVAL;
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	b++;

	/* read minor */
	if (*b == '*') {
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		ex.minor = ~0;
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		b++;
	} else if (isdigit(*b)) {
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		ex.minor = simple_strtoul(b, &endp, 10);
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		b = endp;
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	} else {
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		return -EINVAL;
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	}
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	if (!isspace(*b))
		return -EINVAL;
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	for (b++, count = 0; count < 3; count++, b++) {
		switch (*b) {
		case 'r':
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			ex.access |= ACC_READ;
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			break;
		case 'w':
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			ex.access |= ACC_WRITE;
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			break;
		case 'm':
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			ex.access |= ACC_MKNOD;
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			break;
		case '\n':
		case '\0':
			count = 3;
			break;
		default:
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			return -EINVAL;
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		}
	}

	switch (filetype) {
	case DEVCG_ALLOW:
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		if (!parent_has_perm(devcgroup, &ex))
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			return -EPERM;
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		/*
		 * If the default policy is to allow by default, try to remove
		 * an matching exception instead. And be silent about it: we
		 * don't want to break compatibility
		 */
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		if (devcgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_ALLOW) {
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			dev_exception_rm(devcgroup, &ex);
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			return 0;
		}
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		return dev_exception_add(devcgroup, &ex);
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	case DEVCG_DENY:
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		/*
		 * If the default policy is to deny by default, try to remove
		 * an matching exception instead. And be silent about it: we
		 * don't want to break compatibility
		 */
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		if (devcgroup->behavior == DEVCG_DEFAULT_DENY) {
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			dev_exception_rm(devcgroup, &ex);
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			return 0;
		}
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		return dev_exception_add(devcgroup, &ex);
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	default:
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		return -EINVAL;
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	}
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	return 0;
}
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static int devcgroup_access_write(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft,
				  const char *buffer)
{
	int retval;
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	mutex_lock(&devcgroup_mutex);
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	retval = devcgroup_update_access(cgroup_to_devcgroup(cgrp),
					 cft->private, buffer);
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	mutex_unlock(&devcgroup_mutex);
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	return retval;
}

static struct cftype dev_cgroup_files[] = {
	{
		.name = "allow",
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		.write_string  = devcgroup_access_write,
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		.private = DEVCG_ALLOW,
	},
	{
		.name = "deny",
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		.write_string = devcgroup_access_write,
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		.private = DEVCG_DENY,
	},
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	{
		.name = "list",
		.read_seq_string = devcgroup_seq_read,
		.private = DEVCG_LIST,
	},
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	{ }	/* terminate */
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};

struct cgroup_subsys devices_subsys = {
	.name = "devices",
	.can_attach = devcgroup_can_attach,
	.create = devcgroup_create,
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	.destroy = devcgroup_destroy,
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	.subsys_id = devices_subsys_id,
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	.base_cftypes = dev_cgroup_files,
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	/*
	 * While devices cgroup has the rudimentary hierarchy support which
	 * checks the parent's restriction, it doesn't properly propagates
	 * config changes in ancestors to their descendents.  A child
	 * should only be allowed to add more restrictions to the parent's
	 * configuration.  Fix it and remove the following.
	 */
	.broken_hierarchy = true,
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};

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/**
 * __devcgroup_check_permission - checks if an inode operation is permitted
 * @dev_cgroup: the dev cgroup to be tested against
 * @type: device type
 * @major: device major number
 * @minor: device minor number
 * @access: combination of ACC_WRITE, ACC_READ and ACC_MKNOD
 *
 * returns 0 on success, -EPERM case the operation is not permitted
 */
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static int __devcgroup_check_permission(short type, u32 major, u32 minor,
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				        short access)
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{
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	struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup;
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	struct dev_exception_item ex;
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	int rc;
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	memset(&ex, 0, sizeof(ex));
	ex.type = type;
	ex.major = major;
	ex.minor = minor;
	ex.access = access;
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	rcu_read_lock();
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	dev_cgroup = task_devcgroup(current);
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	rc = may_access(dev_cgroup, &ex);
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	rcu_read_unlock();
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	if (!rc)
		return -EPERM;
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	return 0;
}
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int __devcgroup_inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
{
	short type, access = 0;

	if (S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
		type = DEV_BLOCK;
	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode))
		type = DEV_CHAR;
	if (mask & MAY_WRITE)
		access |= ACC_WRITE;
	if (mask & MAY_READ)
		access |= ACC_READ;

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	return __devcgroup_check_permission(type, imajor(inode), iminor(inode),
			access);
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}

int devcgroup_inode_mknod(int mode, dev_t dev)
{
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	short type;
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	if (!S_ISBLK(mode) && !S_ISCHR(mode))
		return 0;

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	if (S_ISBLK(mode))
		type = DEV_BLOCK;
	else
		type = DEV_CHAR;
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	return __devcgroup_check_permission(type, MAJOR(dev), MINOR(dev),
			ACC_MKNOD);
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}