core.c

/*
 * QEMU IDE disk and CD/DVD-ROM Emulator
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Openedhand Ltd.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */
#include <hw/hw.h>
#include <hw/pc.h>
#include <hw/pci.h>
#include "qemu-error.h"
#include "qemu-timer.h"
#include "sysemu.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "blockdev.h"

#include <hw/ide/internal.h>

/* These values were based on a Seagate ST3500418AS but have been modified
   to make more sense in QEMU */
static const int smart_attributes[][12] = {
    /* id,  flags, hflags, val, wrst, raw (6 bytes), threshold */
    /* raw read error rate*/
    { 0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x64, 0x64, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06},
    /* spin up */
    { 0x03, 0x03, 0x00, 0x64, 0x64, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
    /* start stop count */
    { 0x04, 0x02, 0x00, 0x64, 0x64, 0x64, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x14},
    /* remapped sectors */
    { 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x64, 0x64, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x24},
    /* power on hours */
    { 0x09, 0x03, 0x00, 0x64, 0x64, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
    /* power cycle count */
    { 0x0c, 0x03, 0x00, 0x64, 0x64, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
    /* airflow-temperature-celsius */
    { 190,  0x03, 0x00, 0x45, 0x45, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x32},
    /* end of list */
    { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}
};

static int ide_handle_rw_error(IDEState *s, int error, int op);

static void padstr(char *str, const char *src, int len)
{
    int i, v;
    for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        if (*src)
            v = *src++;
        else
            v = ' ';
        str[i^1] = v;
    }
}

static void put_le16(uint16_t *p, unsigned int v)
{
    *p = cpu_to_le16(v);
}

static void ide_identify(IDEState *s)
{
    uint16_t *p;
    unsigned int oldsize;
    IDEDevice *dev = s->unit ? s->bus->slave : s->bus->master;

    if (s->identify_set) {
	memcpy(s->io_buffer, s->identify_data, sizeof(s->identify_data));
	return;
    }

    memset(s->io_buffer, 0, 512);
    p = (uint16_t *)s->io_buffer;
    put_le16(p + 0, 0x0040);
    put_le16(p + 1, s->cylinders);
    put_le16(p + 3, s->heads);
    put_le16(p + 4, 512 * s->sectors); /* XXX: retired, remove ? */
    put_le16(p + 5, 512); /* XXX: retired, remove ? */
    put_le16(p + 6, s->sectors);
    padstr((char *)(p + 10), s->drive_serial_str, 20); /* serial number */
    put_le16(p + 20, 3); /* XXX: retired, remove ? */
    put_le16(p + 21, 512); /* cache size in sectors */
    put_le16(p + 22, 4); /* ecc bytes */
    padstr((char *)(p + 23), s->version, 8); /* firmware version */
    padstr((char *)(p + 27), "QEMU HARDDISK", 40); /* model */
#if MAX_MULT_SECTORS > 1
    put_le16(p + 47, 0x8000 | MAX_MULT_SECTORS);
#endif
    put_le16(p + 48, 1); /* dword I/O */
    put_le16(p + 49, (1 << 11) | (1 << 9) | (1 << 8)); /* DMA and LBA supported */
    put_le16(p + 51, 0x200); /* PIO transfer cycle */
    put_le16(p + 52, 0x200); /* DMA transfer cycle */
    put_le16(p + 53, 1 | (1 << 1) | (1 << 2)); /* words 54-58,64-70,88 are valid */
    put_le16(p + 54, s->cylinders);
    put_le16(p + 55, s->heads);
    put_le16(p + 56, s->sectors);
    oldsize = s->cylinders * s->heads * s->sectors;
    put_le16(p + 57, oldsize);
    put_le16(p + 58, oldsize >> 16);
    if (s->mult_sectors)
        put_le16(p + 59, 0x100 | s->mult_sectors);
    put_le16(p + 60, s->nb_sectors);
    put_le16(p + 61, s->nb_sectors >> 16);
    put_le16(p + 62, 0x07); /* single word dma0-2 supported */
    put_le16(p + 63, 0x07); /* mdma0-2 supported */
    put_le16(p + 64, 0x03); /* pio3-4 supported */
    put_le16(p + 65, 120);
    put_le16(p + 66, 120);
    put_le16(p + 67, 120);
    put_le16(p + 68, 120);
    if (dev && dev->conf.discard_granularity) {
        put_le16(p + 69, (1 << 14)); /* determinate TRIM behavior */
    }

    if (s->ncq_queues) {
        put_le16(p + 75, s->ncq_queues - 1);
        /* NCQ supported */
        put_le16(p + 76, (1 << 8));
    }

    put_le16(p + 80, 0xf0); /* ata3 -> ata6 supported */
    put_le16(p + 81, 0x16); /* conforms to ata5 */
    /* 14=NOP supported, 5=WCACHE supported, 0=SMART supported */
    put_le16(p + 82, (1 << 14) | (1 << 5) | 1);
    /* 13=flush_cache_ext,12=flush_cache,10=lba48 */
    put_le16(p + 83, (1 << 14) | (1 << 13) | (1 <<12) | (1 << 10));
    /* 14=set to 1, 1=SMART self test, 0=SMART error logging */
    put_le16(p + 84, (1 << 14) | 0);
    /* 14 = NOP supported, 5=WCACHE enabled, 0=SMART feature set enabled */
    if (bdrv_enable_write_cache(s->bs))
         put_le16(p + 85, (1 << 14) | (1 << 5) | 1);
    else
         put_le16(p + 85, (1 << 14) | 1);
    /* 13=flush_cache_ext,12=flush_cache,10=lba48 */
    put_le16(p + 86, (1 << 14) | (1 << 13) | (1 <<12) | (1 << 10));
    /* 14=set to 1, 1=smart self test, 0=smart error logging */
    put_le16(p + 87, (1 << 14) | 0);
    put_le16(p + 88, 0x3f | (1 << 13)); /* udma5 set and supported */
    put_le16(p + 93, 1 | (1 << 14) | 0x2000);
    put_le16(p + 100, s->nb_sectors);
    put_le16(p + 101, s->nb_sectors >> 16);
    put_le16(p + 102, s->nb_sectors >> 32);
    put_le16(p + 103, s->nb_sectors >> 48);

    if (dev && dev->conf.physical_block_size)
        put_le16(p + 106, 0x6000 | get_physical_block_exp(&dev->conf));
    if (dev && dev->conf.discard_granularity) {
        put_le16(p + 169, 1); /* TRIM support */
    }

    memcpy(s->identify_data, p, sizeof(s->identify_data));
    s->identify_set = 1;
}

static void ide_atapi_identify(IDEState *s)
{
    uint16_t *p;

    if (s->identify_set) {
	memcpy(s->io_buffer, s->identify_data, sizeof(s->identify_data));
	return;
    }

    memset(s->io_buffer, 0, 512);
    p = (uint16_t *)s->io_buffer;
    /* Removable CDROM, 50us response, 12 byte packets */
    put_le16(p + 0, (2 << 14) | (5 << 8) | (1 << 7) | (2 << 5) | (0 << 0));
    padstr((char *)(p + 10), s->drive_serial_str, 20); /* serial number */
    put_le16(p + 20, 3); /* buffer type */
    put_le16(p + 21, 512); /* cache size in sectors */
    put_le16(p + 22, 4); /* ecc bytes */
    padstr((char *)(p + 23), s->version, 8); /* firmware version */
    padstr((char *)(p + 27), "QEMU DVD-ROM", 40); /* model */
    put_le16(p + 48, 1); /* dword I/O (XXX: should not be set on CDROM) */
#ifdef USE_DMA_CDROM
    put_le16(p + 49, 1 << 9 | 1 << 8); /* DMA and LBA supported */
    put_le16(p + 53, 7); /* words 64-70, 54-58, 88 valid */
    put_le16(p + 62, 7);  /* single word dma0-2 supported */
    put_le16(p + 63, 7);  /* mdma0-2 supported */
#else
    put_le16(p + 49, 1 << 9); /* LBA supported, no DMA */
    put_le16(p + 53, 3); /* words 64-70, 54-58 valid */
    put_le16(p + 63, 0x103); /* DMA modes XXX: may be incorrect */
#endif
    put_le16(p + 64, 3); /* pio3-4 supported */
    put_le16(p + 65, 0xb4); /* minimum DMA multiword tx cycle time */
    put_le16(p + 66, 0xb4); /* recommended DMA multiword tx cycle time */
    put_le16(p + 67, 0x12c); /* minimum PIO cycle time without flow control */
    put_le16(p + 68, 0xb4); /* minimum PIO cycle time with IORDY flow control */

    put_le16(p + 71, 30); /* in ns */
    put_le16(p + 72, 30); /* in ns */

    if (s->ncq_queues) {
        put_le16(p + 75, s->ncq_queues - 1);
        /* NCQ supported */
        put_le16(p + 76, (1 << 8));
    }

    put_le16(p + 80, 0x1e); /* support up to ATA/ATAPI-4 */
#ifdef USE_DMA_CDROM
    put_le16(p + 88, 0x3f | (1 << 13)); /* udma5 set and supported */
#endif
    memcpy(s->identify_data, p, sizeof(s->identify_data));
    s->identify_set = 1;
}

static void ide_cfata_identify(IDEState *s)
{
    uint16_t *p;
    uint32_t cur_sec;

    p = (uint16_t *) s->identify_data;
    if (s->identify_set)
        goto fill_buffer;

    memset(p, 0, sizeof(s->identify_data));

    cur_sec = s->cylinders * s->heads * s->sectors;

    put_le16(p + 0, 0x848a);			/* CF Storage Card signature */
    put_le16(p + 1, s->cylinders);		/* Default cylinders */
    put_le16(p + 3, s->heads);			/* Default heads */
    put_le16(p + 6, s->sectors);		/* Default sectors per track */
    put_le16(p + 7, s->nb_sectors >> 16);	/* Sectors per card */
    put_le16(p + 8, s->nb_sectors);		/* Sectors per card */
    padstr((char *)(p + 10), s->drive_serial_str, 20); /* serial number */
    put_le16(p + 22, 0x0004);			/* ECC bytes */
    padstr((char *) (p + 23), s->version, 8);	/* Firmware Revision */
    padstr((char *) (p + 27), "QEMU MICRODRIVE", 40);/* Model number */
#if MAX_MULT_SECTORS > 1
    put_le16(p + 47, 0x8000 | MAX_MULT_SECTORS);
#else
    put_le16(p + 47, 0x0000);
#endif
    put_le16(p + 49, 0x0f00);			/* Capabilities */
    put_le16(p + 51, 0x0002);			/* PIO cycle timing mode */
    put_le16(p + 52, 0x0001);			/* DMA cycle timing mode */
    put_le16(p + 53, 0x0003);			/* Translation params valid */
    put_le16(p + 54, s->cylinders);		/* Current cylinders */
    put_le16(p + 55, s->heads);			/* Current heads */
    put_le16(p + 56, s->sectors);		/* Current sectors */
    put_le16(p + 57, cur_sec);			/* Current capacity */
    put_le16(p + 58, cur_sec >> 16);		/* Current capacity */
    if (s->mult_sectors)			/* Multiple sector setting */
        put_le16(p + 59, 0x100 | s->mult_sectors);
    put_le16(p + 60, s->nb_sectors);		/* Total LBA sectors */
    put_le16(p + 61, s->nb_sectors >> 16);	/* Total LBA sectors */
    put_le16(p + 63, 0x0203);			/* Multiword DMA capability */
    put_le16(p + 64, 0x0001);			/* Flow Control PIO support */
    put_le16(p + 65, 0x0096);			/* Min. Multiword DMA cycle */
    put_le16(p + 66, 0x0096);			/* Rec. Multiword DMA cycle */
    put_le16(p + 68, 0x00b4);			/* Min. PIO cycle time */
    put_le16(p + 82, 0x400c);			/* Command Set supported */
    put_le16(p + 83, 0x7068);			/* Command Set supported */
    put_le16(p + 84, 0x4000);			/* Features supported */
    put_le16(p + 85, 0x000c);			/* Command Set enabled */
    put_le16(p + 86, 0x7044);			/* Command Set enabled */
    put_le16(p + 87, 0x4000);			/* Features enabled */
    put_le16(p + 91, 0x4060);			/* Current APM level */
    put_le16(p + 129, 0x0002);			/* Current features option */
    put_le16(p + 130, 0x0005);			/* Reassigned sectors */
    put_le16(p + 131, 0x0001);			/* Initial power mode */
    put_le16(p + 132, 0x0000);			/* User signature */
    put_le16(p + 160, 0x8100);			/* Power requirement */
    put_le16(p + 161, 0x8001);			/* CF command set */

    s->identify_set = 1;

fill_buffer:
    memcpy(s->io_buffer, p, sizeof(s->identify_data));
}

static void ide_set_signature(IDEState *s)
{
    s->select &= 0xf0; /* clear head */
    /* put signature */
    s->nsector = 1;
    s->sector = 1;
    if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CD) {
        s->lcyl = 0x14;
        s->hcyl = 0xeb;
    } else if (s->bs) {
        s->lcyl = 0;
        s->hcyl = 0;
    } else {
        s->lcyl = 0xff;
        s->hcyl = 0xff;
    }
}

typedef struct TrimAIOCB {
    BlockDriverAIOCB common;
    QEMUBH *bh;
    int ret;
} TrimAIOCB;

static void trim_aio_cancel(BlockDriverAIOCB *acb)
{
    TrimAIOCB *iocb = container_of(acb, TrimAIOCB, common);

    qemu_bh_delete(iocb->bh);
    iocb->bh = NULL;
    qemu_aio_release(iocb);
}

static AIOPool trim_aio_pool = {
    .aiocb_size         = sizeof(TrimAIOCB),
    .cancel             = trim_aio_cancel,
};

static void ide_trim_bh_cb(void *opaque)
{
    TrimAIOCB *iocb = opaque;

    iocb->common.cb(iocb->common.opaque, iocb->ret);

    qemu_bh_delete(iocb->bh);
    iocb->bh = NULL;

    qemu_aio_release(iocb);
}

BlockDriverAIOCB *ide_issue_trim(BlockDriverState *bs,
        int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
        BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
{
    TrimAIOCB *iocb;
    int i, j, ret;

    iocb = qemu_aio_get(&trim_aio_pool, bs, cb, opaque);
    iocb->bh = qemu_bh_new(ide_trim_bh_cb, iocb);
    iocb->ret = 0;

    for (j = 0; j < qiov->niov; j++) {
        uint64_t *buffer = qiov->iov[j].iov_base;

        for (i = 0; i < qiov->iov[j].iov_len / 8; i++) {
            /* 6-byte LBA + 2-byte range per entry */
            uint64_t entry = le64_to_cpu(buffer[i]);
            uint64_t sector = entry & 0x0000ffffffffffffULL;
            uint16_t count = entry >> 48;

            if (count == 0) {
                break;
            }

            ret = bdrv_discard(bs, sector, count);
            if (!iocb->ret) {
                iocb->ret = ret;
            }
        }
    }

    qemu_bh_schedule(iocb->bh);

    return &iocb->common;
}

static inline void ide_abort_command(IDEState *s)
{
    s->status = READY_STAT | ERR_STAT;
    s->error = ABRT_ERR;
}

/* prepare data transfer and tell what to do after */
void ide_transfer_start(IDEState *s, uint8_t *buf, int size,
                        EndTransferFunc *end_transfer_func)
{
    s->end_transfer_func = end_transfer_func;
    s->data_ptr = buf;
    s->data_end = buf + size;
    if (!(s->status & ERR_STAT)) {
        s->status |= DRQ_STAT;
    }
    s->bus->dma->ops->start_transfer(s->bus->dma);
}

void ide_transfer_stop(IDEState *s)
{
    s->end_transfer_func = ide_transfer_stop;
    s->data_ptr = s->io_buffer;
    s->data_end = s->io_buffer;
    s->status &= ~DRQ_STAT;
}

int64_t ide_get_sector(IDEState *s)
{
    int64_t sector_num;
    if (s->select & 0x40) {
        /* lba */
	if (!s->lba48) {
	    sector_num = ((s->select & 0x0f) << 24) | (s->hcyl << 16) |
		(s->lcyl << 8) | s->sector;
	} else {
	    sector_num = ((int64_t)s->hob_hcyl << 40) |
		((int64_t) s->hob_lcyl << 32) |
		((int64_t) s->hob_sector << 24) |
		((int64_t) s->hcyl << 16) |
		((int64_t) s->lcyl << 8) | s->sector;
	}
    } else {
        sector_num = ((s->hcyl << 8) | s->lcyl) * s->heads * s->sectors +
            (s->select & 0x0f) * s->sectors + (s->sector - 1);
    }
    return sector_num;
}

void ide_set_sector(IDEState *s, int64_t sector_num)
{
    unsigned int cyl, r;
    if (s->select & 0x40) {
	if (!s->lba48) {
            s->select = (s->select & 0xf0) | (sector_num >> 24);
            s->hcyl = (sector_num >> 16);
            s->lcyl = (sector_num >> 8);
            s->sector = (sector_num);
	} else {
	    s->sector = sector_num;
	    s->lcyl = sector_num >> 8;
	    s->hcyl = sector_num >> 16;
	    s->hob_sector = sector_num >> 24;
	    s->hob_lcyl = sector_num >> 32;
	    s->hob_hcyl = sector_num >> 40;
	}
    } else {
        cyl = sector_num / (s->heads * s->sectors);
        r = sector_num % (s->heads * s->sectors);
        s->hcyl = cyl >> 8;
        s->lcyl = cyl;
        s->select = (s->select & 0xf0) | ((r / s->sectors) & 0x0f);
        s->sector = (r % s->sectors) + 1;
    }
}

static void ide_rw_error(IDEState *s) {
    ide_abort_command(s);
    ide_set_irq(s->bus);
}

void ide_sector_read(IDEState *s)
{
    int64_t sector_num;
    int ret, n;

    s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
    s->error = 0; /* not needed by IDE spec, but needed by Windows */
    sector_num = ide_get_sector(s);
    n = s->nsector;
    if (n == 0) {
        /* no more sector to read from disk */
        ide_transfer_stop(s);
    } else {
#if defined(DEBUG_IDE)
        printf("read sector=%" PRId64 "\n", sector_num);
#endif
        if (n > s->req_nb_sectors)
            n = s->req_nb_sectors;
        ret = bdrv_read(s->bs, sector_num, s->io_buffer, n);
        if (ret != 0) {
            if (ide_handle_rw_error(s, -ret,
                BM_STATUS_PIO_RETRY | BM_STATUS_RETRY_READ))
            {
                return;
            }
        }
        ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 512 * n, ide_sector_read);
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        ide_set_sector(s, sector_num + n);
        s->nsector -= n;
    }
}

static void dma_buf_commit(IDEState *s, int is_write)
{
    qemu_sglist_destroy(&s->sg);
}

void ide_set_inactive(IDEState *s)
{
    s->bus->dma->aiocb = NULL;
    s->bus->dma->ops->set_inactive(s->bus->dma);
}

void ide_dma_error(IDEState *s)
{
    ide_transfer_stop(s);
    s->error = ABRT_ERR;
    s->status = READY_STAT | ERR_STAT;
    ide_set_inactive(s);
    ide_set_irq(s->bus);
}

static int ide_handle_rw_error(IDEState *s, int error, int op)
{
    int is_read = (op & BM_STATUS_RETRY_READ);
    BlockErrorAction action = bdrv_get_on_error(s->bs, is_read);

    if (action == BLOCK_ERR_IGNORE) {
        bdrv_mon_event(s->bs, BDRV_ACTION_IGNORE, is_read);
        return 0;
    }

    if ((error == ENOSPC && action == BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ENOSPC)
            || action == BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ANY) {
        s->bus->dma->ops->set_unit(s->bus->dma, s->unit);
        s->bus->error_status = op;
        bdrv_mon_event(s->bs, BDRV_ACTION_STOP, is_read);
        vm_stop(VMSTOP_DISKFULL);
    } else {
        if (op & BM_STATUS_DMA_RETRY) {
            dma_buf_commit(s, 0);
            ide_dma_error(s);
        } else {
            ide_rw_error(s);
        }
        bdrv_mon_event(s->bs, BDRV_ACTION_REPORT, is_read);
    }

    return 1;
}

void ide_dma_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;
    int n;
    int64_t sector_num;

handle_rw_error:
    if (ret < 0) {
        int op = BM_STATUS_DMA_RETRY;

        if (s->dma_cmd == IDE_DMA_READ)
            op |= BM_STATUS_RETRY_READ;
        else if (s->dma_cmd == IDE_DMA_TRIM)
            op |= BM_STATUS_RETRY_TRIM;

        if (ide_handle_rw_error(s, -ret, op)) {
            return;
        }
    }

    n = s->io_buffer_size >> 9;
    sector_num = ide_get_sector(s);
    if (n > 0) {
        dma_buf_commit(s, ide_cmd_is_read(s));
        sector_num += n;
        ide_set_sector(s, sector_num);
        s->nsector -= n;
    }

    /* end of transfer ? */
    if (s->nsector == 0) {
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        goto eot;
    }

    /* launch next transfer */
    n = s->nsector;
    s->io_buffer_index = 0;
    s->io_buffer_size = n * 512;
    if (s->bus->dma->ops->prepare_buf(s->bus->dma, ide_cmd_is_read(s)) == 0) {
        /* The PRDs were too short. Reset the Active bit, but don't raise an
         * interrupt. */
        goto eot;
    }

#ifdef DEBUG_AIO
    printf("ide_dma_cb: sector_num=%" PRId64 " n=%d, cmd_cmd=%d\n",
           sector_num, n, s->dma_cmd);
#endif

    switch (s->dma_cmd) {
    case IDE_DMA_READ:
        s->bus->dma->aiocb = dma_bdrv_read(s->bs, &s->sg, sector_num,
                                           ide_dma_cb, s);
        break;
    case IDE_DMA_WRITE:
        s->bus->dma->aiocb = dma_bdrv_write(s->bs, &s->sg, sector_num,
                                            ide_dma_cb, s);
        break;
    case IDE_DMA_TRIM:
        s->bus->dma->aiocb = dma_bdrv_io(s->bs, &s->sg, sector_num,
                                         ide_issue_trim, ide_dma_cb, s, 1);
        break;
    }

    if (!s->bus->dma->aiocb) {
        ret = -1;
        goto handle_rw_error;
    }
    return;

eot:
   ide_set_inactive(s);
}

static void ide_sector_start_dma(IDEState *s, enum ide_dma_cmd dma_cmd)
{
    s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT | DRQ_STAT | BUSY_STAT;
    s->io_buffer_index = 0;
    s->io_buffer_size = 0;
    s->dma_cmd = dma_cmd;
    s->bus->dma->ops->start_dma(s->bus->dma, s, ide_dma_cb);
}

static void ide_sector_write_timer_cb(void *opaque)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;
    ide_set_irq(s->bus);
}

void ide_sector_write(IDEState *s)
{
    int64_t sector_num;
    int ret, n, n1;

    s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
    sector_num = ide_get_sector(s);
#if defined(DEBUG_IDE)
    printf("write sector=%" PRId64 "\n", sector_num);
#endif
    n = s->nsector;
    if (n > s->req_nb_sectors)
        n = s->req_nb_sectors;
    ret = bdrv_write(s->bs, sector_num, s->io_buffer, n);

    if (ret != 0) {
        if (ide_handle_rw_error(s, -ret, BM_STATUS_PIO_RETRY))
            return;
    }

    s->nsector -= n;
    if (s->nsector == 0) {
        /* no more sectors to write */
        ide_transfer_stop(s);
    } else {
        n1 = s->nsector;
        if (n1 > s->req_nb_sectors)
            n1 = s->req_nb_sectors;
        ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 512 * n1, ide_sector_write);
    }
    ide_set_sector(s, sector_num + n);

    if (win2k_install_hack && ((++s->irq_count % 16) == 0)) {
        /* It seems there is a bug in the Windows 2000 installer HDD
           IDE driver which fills the disk with empty logs when the
           IDE write IRQ comes too early. This hack tries to correct
           that at the expense of slower write performances. Use this
           option _only_ to install Windows 2000. You must disable it
           for normal use. */
        qemu_mod_timer(s->sector_write_timer,
                       qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock) + (get_ticks_per_sec() / 1000));
    } else {
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
    }
}

static void ide_flush_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;

    if (ret < 0) {
        /* XXX: What sector number to set here? */
        if (ide_handle_rw_error(s, -ret, BM_STATUS_RETRY_FLUSH)) {
            return;
        }
    }

    s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
    ide_set_irq(s->bus);
}

void ide_flush_cache(IDEState *s)
{
    BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;

    if (s->bs == NULL) {
        ide_flush_cb(s, 0);
        return;
    }

    acb = bdrv_aio_flush(s->bs, ide_flush_cb, s);
    if (acb == NULL) {
        ide_flush_cb(s, -EIO);
    }
}

static void ide_cfata_metadata_inquiry(IDEState *s)
{
    uint16_t *p;
    uint32_t spd;

    p = (uint16_t *) s->io_buffer;
    memset(p, 0, 0x200);
    spd = ((s->mdata_size - 1) >> 9) + 1;

    put_le16(p + 0, 0x0001);			/* Data format revision */
    put_le16(p + 1, 0x0000);			/* Media property: silicon */
    put_le16(p + 2, s->media_changed);		/* Media status */
    put_le16(p + 3, s->mdata_size & 0xffff);	/* Capacity in bytes (low) */
    put_le16(p + 4, s->mdata_size >> 16);	/* Capacity in bytes (high) */
    put_le16(p + 5, spd & 0xffff);		/* Sectors per device (low) */
    put_le16(p + 6, spd >> 16);			/* Sectors per device (high) */
}

static void ide_cfata_metadata_read(IDEState *s)
{
    uint16_t *p;

    if (((s->hcyl << 16) | s->lcyl) << 9 > s->mdata_size + 2) {
        s->status = ERR_STAT;
        s->error = ABRT_ERR;
        return;
    }

    p = (uint16_t *) s->io_buffer;
    memset(p, 0, 0x200);

    put_le16(p + 0, s->media_changed);		/* Media status */
    memcpy(p + 1, s->mdata_storage + (((s->hcyl << 16) | s->lcyl) << 9),
                    MIN(MIN(s->mdata_size - (((s->hcyl << 16) | s->lcyl) << 9),
                                    s->nsector << 9), 0x200 - 2));
}

static void ide_cfata_metadata_write(IDEState *s)
{
    if (((s->hcyl << 16) | s->lcyl) << 9 > s->mdata_size + 2) {
        s->status = ERR_STAT;
        s->error = ABRT_ERR;
        return;
    }

    s->media_changed = 0;

    memcpy(s->mdata_storage + (((s->hcyl << 16) | s->lcyl) << 9),
                    s->io_buffer + 2,
                    MIN(MIN(s->mdata_size - (((s->hcyl << 16) | s->lcyl) << 9),
                                    s->nsector << 9), 0x200 - 2));
}

/* called when the inserted state of the media has changed */
static void cdrom_change_cb(void *opaque, int reason)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;
    uint64_t nb_sectors;

    if (!(reason & CHANGE_MEDIA)) {
        return;
    }

    bdrv_get_geometry(s->bs, &nb_sectors);
    s->nb_sectors = nb_sectors;

    /*
     * First indicate to the guest that a CD has been removed.  That's
     * done on the next command the guest sends us.
     *
     * Then we set SENSE_UNIT_ATTENTION, by which the guest will
     * detect a new CD in the drive.  See ide_atapi_cmd() for details.
     */
    s->cdrom_changed = 1;
    s->events.new_media = true;
    ide_set_irq(s->bus);
}

static void ide_cmd_lba48_transform(IDEState *s, int lba48)
{
    s->lba48 = lba48;

    /* handle the 'magic' 0 nsector count conversion here. to avoid
     * fiddling with the rest of the read logic, we just store the
     * full sector count in ->nsector and ignore ->hob_nsector from now
     */
    if (!s->lba48) {
	if (!s->nsector)
	    s->nsector = 256;
    } else {
	if (!s->nsector && !s->hob_nsector)
	    s->nsector = 65536;
	else {
	    int lo = s->nsector;
	    int hi = s->hob_nsector;

	    s->nsector = (hi << 8) | lo;
	}
    }
}

static void ide_clear_hob(IDEBus *bus)
{
    /* any write clears HOB high bit of device control register */
    bus->ifs[0].select &= ~(1 << 7);
    bus->ifs[1].select &= ~(1 << 7);
}

void ide_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;

#ifdef DEBUG_IDE
    printf("IDE: write addr=0x%x val=0x%02x\n", addr, val);
#endif

    addr &= 7;

    /* ignore writes to command block while busy with previous command */
    if (addr != 7 && (idebus_active_if(bus)->status & (BUSY_STAT|DRQ_STAT)))
        return;

    switch(addr) {
    case 0:
        break;
    case 1:
	ide_clear_hob(bus);
        /* NOTE: data is written to the two drives */
	bus->ifs[0].hob_feature = bus->ifs[0].feature;
	bus->ifs[1].hob_feature = bus->ifs[1].feature;
        bus->ifs[0].feature = val;
        bus->ifs[1].feature = val;
        break;
    case 2:
	ide_clear_hob(bus);
	bus->ifs[0].hob_nsector = bus->ifs[0].nsector;
	bus->ifs[1].hob_nsector = bus->ifs[1].nsector;
        bus->ifs[0].nsector = val;
        bus->ifs[1].nsector = val;
        break;
    case 3:
	ide_clear_hob(bus);
	bus->ifs[0].hob_sector = bus->ifs[0].sector;
	bus->ifs[1].hob_sector = bus->ifs[1].sector;
        bus->ifs[0].sector = val;
        bus->ifs[1].sector = val;
        break;
    case 4:
	ide_clear_hob(bus);
	bus->ifs[0].hob_lcyl = bus->ifs[0].lcyl;
	bus->ifs[1].hob_lcyl = bus->ifs[1].lcyl;
        bus->ifs[0].lcyl = val;
        bus->ifs[1].lcyl = val;
        break;
    case 5:
	ide_clear_hob(bus);
	bus->ifs[0].hob_hcyl = bus->ifs[0].hcyl;
	bus->ifs[1].hob_hcyl = bus->ifs[1].hcyl;
        bus->ifs[0].hcyl = val;
        bus->ifs[1].hcyl = val;
        break;
    case 6:
	/* FIXME: HOB readback uses bit 7 */
        bus->ifs[0].select = (val & ~0x10) | 0xa0;
        bus->ifs[1].select = (val | 0x10) | 0xa0;
        /* select drive */
        bus->unit = (val >> 4) & 1;
        break;
    default:
    case 7:
        /* command */
        ide_exec_cmd(bus, val);
        break;
    }
}


void ide_exec_cmd(IDEBus *bus, uint32_t val)
{
    IDEState *s;
    int n;
    int lba48 = 0;

#if defined(DEBUG_IDE)
    printf("ide: CMD=%02x\n", val);
#endif
    s = idebus_active_if(bus);
    /* ignore commands to non existant slave */
    if (s != bus->ifs && !s->bs)
        return;

    /* Only DEVICE RESET is allowed while BSY or/and DRQ are set */
    if ((s->status & (BUSY_STAT|DRQ_STAT)) && val != WIN_DEVICE_RESET)
        return;

    switch(val) {
    case WIN_DSM:
        switch (s->feature) {
        case DSM_TRIM:
            if (!s->bs) {
                goto abort_cmd;
            }
            ide_sector_start_dma(s, IDE_DMA_TRIM);
            break;
        default:
            goto abort_cmd;
        }
        break;
    case WIN_IDENTIFY:
        if (s->bs && s->drive_kind != IDE_CD) {
            if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CFATA)
                ide_identify(s);
            else
                ide_cfata_identify(s);
            s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
            ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 512, ide_transfer_stop);
        } else {
            if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CD) {
                ide_set_signature(s);
            }
            ide_abort_command(s);
        }
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_SPECIFY:
    case WIN_RECAL:
        s->error = 0;
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_SETMULT:
        if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CFATA && s->nsector == 0) {
            /* Disable Read and Write Multiple */
            s->mult_sectors = 0;
            s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        } else if ((s->nsector & 0xff) != 0 &&
            ((s->nsector & 0xff) > MAX_MULT_SECTORS ||
             (s->nsector & (s->nsector - 1)) != 0)) {
            ide_abort_command(s);
        } else {
            s->mult_sectors = s->nsector & 0xff;
            s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        }
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_VERIFY_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_VERIFY:
    case WIN_VERIFY_ONCE:
        /* do sector number check ? */
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
	case WIN_READ_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_READ:
    case WIN_READ_ONCE:
        if (!s->bs)
            goto abort_cmd;
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        s->req_nb_sectors = 1;
        ide_sector_read(s);
        break;
	case WIN_WRITE_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_WRITE:
    case WIN_WRITE_ONCE:
    case CFA_WRITE_SECT_WO_ERASE:
    case WIN_WRITE_VERIFY:
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        s->error = 0;
        s->status = SEEK_STAT | READY_STAT;
        s->req_nb_sectors = 1;
        ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 512, ide_sector_write);
        s->media_changed = 1;
        break;
	case WIN_MULTREAD_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_MULTREAD:
        if (!s->mult_sectors)
            goto abort_cmd;
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        s->req_nb_sectors = s->mult_sectors;
        ide_sector_read(s);
        break;
    case WIN_MULTWRITE_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_MULTWRITE:
    case CFA_WRITE_MULTI_WO_ERASE:
        if (!s->mult_sectors)
            goto abort_cmd;
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        s->error = 0;
        s->status = SEEK_STAT | READY_STAT;
        s->req_nb_sectors = s->mult_sectors;
        n = s->nsector;
        if (n > s->req_nb_sectors)
            n = s->req_nb_sectors;
        ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 512 * n, ide_sector_write);
        s->media_changed = 1;
        break;
	case WIN_READDMA_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_READDMA:
    case WIN_READDMA_ONCE:
        if (!s->bs)
            goto abort_cmd;
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        ide_sector_start_dma(s, IDE_DMA_READ);
        break;
	case WIN_WRITEDMA_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_WRITEDMA:
    case WIN_WRITEDMA_ONCE:
        if (!s->bs)
            goto abort_cmd;
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        ide_sector_start_dma(s, IDE_DMA_WRITE);
        s->media_changed = 1;
        break;
    case WIN_READ_NATIVE_MAX_EXT:
	lba48 = 1;
    case WIN_READ_NATIVE_MAX:
	ide_cmd_lba48_transform(s, lba48);
        ide_set_sector(s, s->nb_sectors - 1);
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE1:
    case WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE2:
        s->error = 0;
        s->nsector = 0xff; /* device active or idle */
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_SETFEATURES:
        if (!s->bs)
            goto abort_cmd;
        /* XXX: valid for CDROM ? */
        switch(s->feature) {
        case 0xcc: /* reverting to power-on defaults enable */
        case 0x66: /* reverting to power-on defaults disable */
        case 0x02: /* write cache enable */
        case 0x82: /* write cache disable */
        case 0xaa: /* read look-ahead enable */
        case 0x55: /* read look-ahead disable */
        case 0x05: /* set advanced power management mode */
        case 0x85: /* disable advanced power management mode */
        case 0x69: /* NOP */
        case 0x67: /* NOP */
        case 0x96: /* NOP */
        case 0x9a: /* NOP */
        case 0x42: /* enable Automatic Acoustic Mode */
        case 0xc2: /* disable Automatic Acoustic Mode */
            s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
            ide_set_irq(s->bus);
            break;
        case 0x03: { /* set transfer mode */
		uint8_t val = s->nsector & 0x07;
            uint16_t *identify_data = (uint16_t *)s->identify_data;

		switch (s->nsector >> 3) {
		case 0x00: /* pio default */
		case 0x01: /* pio mode */
			put_le16(identify_data + 62,0x07);
			put_le16(identify_data + 63,0x07);
			put_le16(identify_data + 88,0x3f);
			break;
                case 0x02: /* sigle word dma mode*/
			put_le16(identify_data + 62,0x07 | (1 << (val + 8)));
			put_le16(identify_data + 63,0x07);
			put_le16(identify_data + 88,0x3f);
			break;
		case 0x04: /* mdma mode */
			put_le16(identify_data + 62,0x07);
			put_le16(identify_data + 63,0x07 | (1 << (val + 8)));
			put_le16(identify_data + 88,0x3f);
			break;
		case 0x08: /* udma mode */
			put_le16(identify_data + 62,0x07);
			put_le16(identify_data + 63,0x07);
			put_le16(identify_data + 88,0x3f | (1 << (val + 8)));
			break;
		default:
			goto abort_cmd;
		}
            s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
            ide_set_irq(s->bus);
            break;
	}
        default:
            goto abort_cmd;
        }
        break;
    case WIN_FLUSH_CACHE:
    case WIN_FLUSH_CACHE_EXT:
        ide_flush_cache(s);
        break;
    case WIN_STANDBY:
    case WIN_STANDBY2:
    case WIN_STANDBYNOW1:
    case WIN_STANDBYNOW2:
    case WIN_IDLEIMMEDIATE:
    case CFA_IDLEIMMEDIATE:
    case WIN_SETIDLE1:
    case WIN_SETIDLE2:
    case WIN_SLEEPNOW1:
    case WIN_SLEEPNOW2:
        s->status = READY_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_SEEK:
        if(s->drive_kind == IDE_CD)
            goto abort_cmd;
        /* XXX: Check that seek is within bounds */
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
        /* ATAPI commands */
    case WIN_PIDENTIFY:
        if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CD) {
            ide_atapi_identify(s);
            s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
            ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 512, ide_transfer_stop);
        } else {
            ide_abort_command(s);
        }
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_DIAGNOSE:
        ide_set_signature(s);
        if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CD)
            s->status = 0; /* ATAPI spec (v6) section 9.10 defines packet
                            * devices to return a clear status register
                            * with READY_STAT *not* set. */
        else
            s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        s->error = 0x01; /* Device 0 passed, Device 1 passed or not
                          * present.
                          */
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case WIN_SRST:
        if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CD)
            goto abort_cmd;
        ide_set_signature(s);
        s->status = 0x00; /* NOTE: READY is _not_ set */
        s->error = 0x01;
        break;
    case WIN_PACKETCMD:
        if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CD)
            goto abort_cmd;
        /* overlapping commands not supported */
        if (s->feature & 0x02)
            goto abort_cmd;
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        s->atapi_dma = s->feature & 1;
        s->nsector = 1;
        ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, ATAPI_PACKET_SIZE,
                           ide_atapi_cmd);
        break;
    /* CF-ATA commands */
    case CFA_REQ_EXT_ERROR_CODE:
        if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CFATA)
            goto abort_cmd;
        s->error = 0x09;    /* miscellaneous error */
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case CFA_ERASE_SECTORS:
    case CFA_WEAR_LEVEL:
        if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CFATA)
            goto abort_cmd;
        if (val == CFA_WEAR_LEVEL)
            s->nsector = 0;
        if (val == CFA_ERASE_SECTORS)
            s->media_changed = 1;
        s->error = 0x00;
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case CFA_TRANSLATE_SECTOR:
        if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CFATA)
            goto abort_cmd;
        s->error = 0x00;
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        memset(s->io_buffer, 0, 0x200);
        s->io_buffer[0x00] = s->hcyl;			/* Cyl MSB */
        s->io_buffer[0x01] = s->lcyl;			/* Cyl LSB */
        s->io_buffer[0x02] = s->select;			/* Head */
        s->io_buffer[0x03] = s->sector;			/* Sector */
        s->io_buffer[0x04] = ide_get_sector(s) >> 16;	/* LBA MSB */
        s->io_buffer[0x05] = ide_get_sector(s) >> 8;	/* LBA */
        s->io_buffer[0x06] = ide_get_sector(s) >> 0;	/* LBA LSB */
        s->io_buffer[0x13] = 0x00;				/* Erase flag */
        s->io_buffer[0x18] = 0x00;				/* Hot count */
        s->io_buffer[0x19] = 0x00;				/* Hot count */
        s->io_buffer[0x1a] = 0x01;				/* Hot count */
        ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 0x200, ide_transfer_stop);
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case CFA_ACCESS_METADATA_STORAGE:
        if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CFATA)
            goto abort_cmd;
        switch (s->feature) {
        case 0x02:	/* Inquiry Metadata Storage */
            ide_cfata_metadata_inquiry(s);
            break;
        case 0x03:	/* Read Metadata Storage */
            ide_cfata_metadata_read(s);
            break;
        case 0x04:	/* Write Metadata Storage */
            ide_cfata_metadata_write(s);
            break;
        default:
            goto abort_cmd;
        }
        ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 0x200, ide_transfer_stop);
        s->status = 0x00; /* NOTE: READY is _not_ set */
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    case IBM_SENSE_CONDITION:
        if (s->drive_kind != IDE_CFATA)
            goto abort_cmd;
        switch (s->feature) {
        case 0x01:  /* sense temperature in device */
            s->nsector = 0x50;      /* +20 C */
            break;
        default:
            goto abort_cmd;
        }
        s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;

	case WIN_SMART:
	if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CD)
		goto abort_cmd;
	if (s->hcyl != 0xc2 || s->lcyl != 0x4f)
		goto abort_cmd;
	if (!s->smart_enabled && s->feature != SMART_ENABLE)
		goto abort_cmd;
	switch (s->feature) {
	case SMART_DISABLE:
		s->smart_enabled = 0;
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
	case SMART_ENABLE:
		s->smart_enabled = 1;
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
	case SMART_ATTR_AUTOSAVE:
		switch (s->sector) {
		case 0x00:
		s->smart_autosave = 0;
		break;
		case 0xf1:
		s->smart_autosave = 1;
		break;
		default:
		goto abort_cmd;
		}
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
	case SMART_STATUS:
		if (!s->smart_errors) {
		s->hcyl = 0xc2;
		s->lcyl = 0x4f;
		} else {
		s->hcyl = 0x2c;
		s->lcyl = 0xf4;
		}
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
	case SMART_READ_THRESH:
		memset(s->io_buffer, 0, 0x200);
		s->io_buffer[0] = 0x01; /* smart struct version */
		for (n=0; n<30; n++) {
		if (smart_attributes[n][0] == 0)
			break;
		s->io_buffer[2+0+(n*12)] = smart_attributes[n][0];
		s->io_buffer[2+1+(n*12)] = smart_attributes[n][11];
		}
		for (n=0; n<511; n++) /* checksum */
		s->io_buffer[511] += s->io_buffer[n];
		s->io_buffer[511] = 0x100 - s->io_buffer[511];
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 0x200, ide_transfer_stop);
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
	case SMART_READ_DATA:
		memset(s->io_buffer, 0, 0x200);
		s->io_buffer[0] = 0x01; /* smart struct version */
		for (n=0; n<30; n++) {
		    if (smart_attributes[n][0] == 0) {
			break;
		    }
		    int i;
		    for(i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
			s->io_buffer[2+i+(n*12)] = smart_attributes[n][i];
		    }
		}
		s->io_buffer[362] = 0x02 | (s->smart_autosave?0x80:0x00);
		if (s->smart_selftest_count == 0) {
		s->io_buffer[363] = 0;
		} else {
		s->io_buffer[363] =
			s->smart_selftest_data[3 + 
					   (s->smart_selftest_count - 1) *
					   24];
		}
		s->io_buffer[364] = 0x20; 
		s->io_buffer[365] = 0x01; 
		/* offline data collection capacity: execute + self-test*/
		s->io_buffer[367] = (1<<4 | 1<<3 | 1); 
		s->io_buffer[368] = 0x03; /* smart capability (1) */
		s->io_buffer[369] = 0x00; /* smart capability (2) */
		s->io_buffer[370] = 0x01; /* error logging supported */
		s->io_buffer[372] = 0x02; /* minutes for poll short test */
		s->io_buffer[373] = 0x36; /* minutes for poll ext test */
		s->io_buffer[374] = 0x01; /* minutes for poll conveyance */

		for (n=0; n<511; n++) 
		s->io_buffer[511] += s->io_buffer[n];
		s->io_buffer[511] = 0x100 - s->io_buffer[511];
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 0x200, ide_transfer_stop);
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
	case SMART_READ_LOG:
		switch (s->sector) {
		case 0x01: /* summary smart error log */
		memset(s->io_buffer, 0, 0x200);
		s->io_buffer[0] = 0x01;
		s->io_buffer[1] = 0x00; /* no error entries */
		s->io_buffer[452] = s->smart_errors & 0xff;
		s->io_buffer[453] = (s->smart_errors & 0xff00) >> 8;

		for (n=0; n<511; n++)
			s->io_buffer[511] += s->io_buffer[n];
		s->io_buffer[511] = 0x100 - s->io_buffer[511];
		break;
		case 0x06: /* smart self test log */
		memset(s->io_buffer, 0, 0x200);
		s->io_buffer[0] = 0x01;
		if (s->smart_selftest_count == 0) {
			s->io_buffer[508] = 0;
		} else {
			s->io_buffer[508] = s->smart_selftest_count;
			for (n=2; n<506; n++) 
			s->io_buffer[n] = s->smart_selftest_data[n];
		}
		for (n=0; n<511; n++)
			s->io_buffer[511] += s->io_buffer[n];
		s->io_buffer[511] = 0x100 - s->io_buffer[511];
		break;
		default:
		goto abort_cmd;
		}
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_transfer_start(s, s->io_buffer, 0x200, ide_transfer_stop);
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
	case SMART_EXECUTE_OFFLINE:
		switch (s->sector) {
		case 0: /* off-line routine */
		case 1: /* short self test */
		case 2: /* extended self test */
		s->smart_selftest_count++;
		if(s->smart_selftest_count > 21)
			s->smart_selftest_count = 0;
		n = 2 + (s->smart_selftest_count - 1) * 24;
		s->smart_selftest_data[n] = s->sector;
		s->smart_selftest_data[n+1] = 0x00; /* OK and finished */
		s->smart_selftest_data[n+2] = 0x34; /* hour count lsb */
		s->smart_selftest_data[n+3] = 0x12; /* hour count msb */
		s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
		ide_set_irq(s->bus);
		break;
		default:
		goto abort_cmd;
		}
		break;
	default:
		goto abort_cmd;
	}
	break;
    default:
    abort_cmd:
        ide_abort_command(s);
        ide_set_irq(s->bus);
        break;
    }
}

uint32_t ide_ioport_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr1)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;
    IDEState *s = idebus_active_if(bus);
    uint32_t addr;
    int ret, hob;

    addr = addr1 & 7;
    /* FIXME: HOB readback uses bit 7, but it's always set right now */
    //hob = s->select & (1 << 7);
    hob = 0;
    switch(addr) {
    case 0:
        ret = 0xff;
        break;
    case 1:
        if ((!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs) ||
            (s != bus->ifs && !s->bs))
            ret = 0;
        else if (!hob)
            ret = s->error;
	else
	    ret = s->hob_feature;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs)
            ret = 0;
        else if (!hob)
            ret = s->nsector & 0xff;
	else
	    ret = s->hob_nsector;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs)
            ret = 0;
        else if (!hob)
            ret = s->sector;
	else
	    ret = s->hob_sector;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs)
            ret = 0;
        else if (!hob)
            ret = s->lcyl;
	else
	    ret = s->hob_lcyl;
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs)
            ret = 0;
        else if (!hob)
            ret = s->hcyl;
	else
	    ret = s->hob_hcyl;
        break;
    case 6:
        if (!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs)
            ret = 0;
        else
            ret = s->select;
        break;
    default:
    case 7:
        if ((!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs) ||
            (s != bus->ifs && !s->bs))
            ret = 0;
        else
            ret = s->status;
        qemu_irq_lower(bus->irq);
        break;
    }
#ifdef DEBUG_IDE
    printf("ide: read addr=0x%x val=%02x\n", addr1, ret);
#endif
    return ret;
}

uint32_t ide_status_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;
    IDEState *s = idebus_active_if(bus);
    int ret;

    if ((!bus->ifs[0].bs && !bus->ifs[1].bs) ||
        (s != bus->ifs && !s->bs))
        ret = 0;
    else
        ret = s->status;
#ifdef DEBUG_IDE
    printf("ide: read status addr=0x%x val=%02x\n", addr, ret);
#endif
    return ret;
}

void ide_cmd_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;
    IDEState *s;
    int i;

#ifdef DEBUG_IDE
    printf("ide: write control addr=0x%x val=%02x\n", addr, val);
#endif
    /* common for both drives */
    if (!(bus->cmd & IDE_CMD_RESET) &&
        (val & IDE_CMD_RESET)) {
        /* reset low to high */
        for(i = 0;i < 2; i++) {
            s = &bus->ifs[i];
            s->status = BUSY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
            s->error = 0x01;
        }
    } else if ((bus->cmd & IDE_CMD_RESET) &&
               !(val & IDE_CMD_RESET)) {
        /* high to low */
        for(i = 0;i < 2; i++) {
            s = &bus->ifs[i];
            if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CD)
                s->status = 0x00; /* NOTE: READY is _not_ set */
            else
                s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;
            ide_set_signature(s);
        }
    }

    bus->cmd = val;
}

void ide_data_writew(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;
    IDEState *s = idebus_active_if(bus);
    uint8_t *p;

    /* PIO data access allowed only when DRQ bit is set */
    if (!(s->status & DRQ_STAT))
        return;

    p = s->data_ptr;
    *(uint16_t *)p = le16_to_cpu(val);
    p += 2;
    s->data_ptr = p;
    if (p >= s->data_end)
        s->end_transfer_func(s);
}

uint32_t ide_data_readw(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;
    IDEState *s = idebus_active_if(bus);
    uint8_t *p;
    int ret;

    /* PIO data access allowed only when DRQ bit is set */
    if (!(s->status & DRQ_STAT))
        return 0;

    p = s->data_ptr;
    ret = cpu_to_le16(*(uint16_t *)p);
    p += 2;
    s->data_ptr = p;
    if (p >= s->data_end)
        s->end_transfer_func(s);
    return ret;
}

void ide_data_writel(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;
    IDEState *s = idebus_active_if(bus);
    uint8_t *p;

    /* PIO data access allowed only when DRQ bit is set */
    if (!(s->status & DRQ_STAT))
        return;

    p = s->data_ptr;
    *(uint32_t *)p = le32_to_cpu(val);
    p += 4;
    s->data_ptr = p;
    if (p >= s->data_end)
        s->end_transfer_func(s);
}

uint32_t ide_data_readl(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;
    IDEState *s = idebus_active_if(bus);
    uint8_t *p;
    int ret;

    /* PIO data access allowed only when DRQ bit is set */
    if (!(s->status & DRQ_STAT))
        return 0;

    p = s->data_ptr;
    ret = cpu_to_le32(*(uint32_t *)p);
    p += 4;
    s->data_ptr = p;
    if (p >= s->data_end)
        s->end_transfer_func(s);
    return ret;
}

static void ide_dummy_transfer_stop(IDEState *s)
{
    s->data_ptr = s->io_buffer;
    s->data_end = s->io_buffer;
    s->io_buffer[0] = 0xff;
    s->io_buffer[1] = 0xff;
    s->io_buffer[2] = 0xff;
    s->io_buffer[3] = 0xff;
}

static void ide_reset(IDEState *s)
{
#ifdef DEBUG_IDE
    printf("ide: reset\n");
#endif
    if (s->drive_kind == IDE_CFATA)
        s->mult_sectors = 0;
    else
        s->mult_sectors = MAX_MULT_SECTORS;
    /* ide regs */
    s->feature = 0;
    s->error = 0;
    s->nsector = 0;
    s->sector = 0;
    s->lcyl = 0;
    s->hcyl = 0;

    /* lba48 */
    s->hob_feature = 0;
    s->hob_sector = 0;
    s->hob_nsector = 0;
    s->hob_lcyl = 0;
    s->hob_hcyl = 0;

    s->select = 0xa0;
    s->status = READY_STAT | SEEK_STAT;

    s->lba48 = 0;

    /* ATAPI specific */
    s->sense_key = 0;
    s->asc = 0;
    s->cdrom_changed = 0;
    s->packet_transfer_size = 0;
    s->elementary_transfer_size = 0;
    s->io_buffer_index = 0;
    s->cd_sector_size = 0;
    s->atapi_dma = 0;
    /* ATA DMA state */
    s->io_buffer_size = 0;
    s->req_nb_sectors = 0;

    ide_set_signature(s);
    /* init the transfer handler so that 0xffff is returned on data
       accesses */
    s->end_transfer_func = ide_dummy_transfer_stop;
    ide_dummy_transfer_stop(s);
    s->media_changed = 0;
}

void ide_bus_reset(IDEBus *bus)
{
    bus->unit = 0;
    bus->cmd = 0;
    ide_reset(&bus->ifs[0]);
    ide_reset(&bus->ifs[1]);
    ide_clear_hob(bus);

    /* pending async DMA */
    if (bus->dma->aiocb) {
#ifdef DEBUG_AIO
        printf("aio_cancel\n");
#endif
        bdrv_aio_cancel(bus->dma->aiocb);
        bus->dma->aiocb = NULL;
    }

    /* reset dma provider too */
    bus->dma->ops->reset(bus->dma);
}

int ide_init_drive(IDEState *s, BlockDriverState *bs, IDEDriveKind kind,
                   const char *version, const char *serial)
{
    int cylinders, heads, secs;
    uint64_t nb_sectors;

    s->bs = bs;
    s->drive_kind = kind;

    bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &nb_sectors);
    bdrv_guess_geometry(bs, &cylinders, &heads, &secs);
    if (cylinders < 1 || cylinders > 16383) {
        error_report("cyls must be between 1 and 16383");
        return -1;
    }
    if (heads < 1 || heads > 16) {
        error_report("heads must be between 1 and 16");
        return -1;
    }
    if (secs < 1 || secs > 63) {
        error_report("secs must be between 1 and 63");
        return -1;
    }
    s->cylinders = cylinders;
    s->heads = heads;
    s->sectors = secs;
    s->nb_sectors = nb_sectors;
    /* The SMART values should be preserved across power cycles
       but they aren't.  */
    s->smart_enabled = 1;
    s->smart_autosave = 1;
    s->smart_errors = 0;
    s->smart_selftest_count = 0;
    if (kind == IDE_CD) {
        bdrv_set_change_cb(bs, cdrom_change_cb, s);
        bs->buffer_alignment = 2048;
    } else {
        if (!bdrv_is_inserted(s->bs)) {
            error_report("Device needs media, but drive is empty");
            return -1;
        }
        if (bdrv_is_read_only(bs)) {
            error_report("Can't use a read-only drive");
            return -1;
        }
    }
    if (serial) {
        strncpy(s->drive_serial_str, serial, sizeof(s->drive_serial_str));
    } else {
        snprintf(s->drive_serial_str, sizeof(s->drive_serial_str),
                 "QM%05d", s->drive_serial);
    }
    if (version) {
        pstrcpy(s->version, sizeof(s->version), version);
    } else {
        pstrcpy(s->version, sizeof(s->version), QEMU_VERSION);
    }

    ide_reset(s);
    bdrv_set_removable(bs, s->drive_kind == IDE_CD);
    return 0;
}

static void ide_init1(IDEBus *bus, int unit)
{
    static int drive_serial = 1;
    IDEState *s = &bus->ifs[unit];

    s->bus = bus;
    s->unit = unit;
    s->drive_serial = drive_serial++;
    /* we need at least 2k alignment for accessing CDROMs using O_DIRECT */
    s->io_buffer = qemu_memalign(2048, IDE_DMA_BUF_SECTORS*512 + 4);
    s->io_buffer_total_len = IDE_DMA_BUF_SECTORS*512 + 4;
    s->smart_selftest_data = qemu_blockalign(s->bs, 512);
    s->sector_write_timer = qemu_new_timer_ns(vm_clock,
                                           ide_sector_write_timer_cb, s);
}

static void ide_nop_start(IDEDMA *dma, IDEState *s,
                          BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb)
{
}

static int ide_nop(IDEDMA *dma)
{
    return 0;
}

static int ide_nop_int(IDEDMA *dma, int x)
{
    return 0;
}

static void ide_nop_restart(void *opaque, int x, int y)
{
}

static const IDEDMAOps ide_dma_nop_ops = {
    .start_dma      = ide_nop_start,
    .start_transfer = ide_nop,
    .prepare_buf    = ide_nop_int,
    .rw_buf         = ide_nop_int,
    .set_unit       = ide_nop_int,
    .add_status     = ide_nop_int,
    .set_inactive   = ide_nop,
    .restart_cb     = ide_nop_restart,
    .reset          = ide_nop,
};

static IDEDMA ide_dma_nop = {
    .ops = &ide_dma_nop_ops,
    .aiocb = NULL,
};

void ide_init2(IDEBus *bus, qemu_irq irq)
{
    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        ide_init1(bus, i);
        ide_reset(&bus->ifs[i]);
    }
    bus->irq = irq;
    bus->dma = &ide_dma_nop;
}

/* TODO convert users to qdev and remove */
void ide_init2_with_non_qdev_drives(IDEBus *bus, DriveInfo *hd0,
                                    DriveInfo *hd1, qemu_irq irq)
{
    int i;
    DriveInfo *dinfo;

    for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        dinfo = i == 0 ? hd0 : hd1;
        ide_init1(bus, i);
        if (dinfo) {
            if (ide_init_drive(&bus->ifs[i], dinfo->bdrv,
                               dinfo->media_cd ? IDE_CD : IDE_HD, NULL,
                               *dinfo->serial ? dinfo->serial : NULL) < 0) {
                error_report("Can't set up IDE drive %s", dinfo->id);
                exit(1);
            }
        } else {
            ide_reset(&bus->ifs[i]);
        }
    }
    bus->irq = irq;
    bus->dma = &ide_dma_nop;
}

void ide_init_ioport(IDEBus *bus, int iobase, int iobase2)
{
    register_ioport_write(iobase, 8, 1, ide_ioport_write, bus);
    register_ioport_read(iobase, 8, 1, ide_ioport_read, bus);
    if (iobase2) {
        register_ioport_read(iobase2, 1, 1, ide_status_read, bus);
        register_ioport_write(iobase2, 1, 1, ide_cmd_write, bus);
    }

    /* data ports */
    register_ioport_write(iobase, 2, 2, ide_data_writew, bus);
    register_ioport_read(iobase, 2, 2, ide_data_readw, bus);
    register_ioport_write(iobase, 4, 4, ide_data_writel, bus);
    register_ioport_read(iobase, 4, 4, ide_data_readl, bus);
}

static bool is_identify_set(void *opaque, int version_id)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;

    return s->identify_set != 0;
}

static EndTransferFunc* transfer_end_table[] = {
        ide_sector_read,
        ide_sector_write,
        ide_transfer_stop,
        ide_atapi_cmd_reply_end,
        ide_atapi_cmd,
        ide_dummy_transfer_stop,
};

static int transfer_end_table_idx(EndTransferFunc *fn)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(transfer_end_table); i++)
        if (transfer_end_table[i] == fn)
            return i;

    return -1;
}

static int ide_drive_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;

    if (version_id < 3) {
        if (s->sense_key == SENSE_UNIT_ATTENTION &&
            s->asc == ASC_MEDIUM_MAY_HAVE_CHANGED) {
            s->cdrom_changed = 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static int ide_drive_pio_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;

    if (s->end_transfer_fn_idx > ARRAY_SIZE(transfer_end_table)) {
        return -EINVAL;
    }
    s->end_transfer_func = transfer_end_table[s->end_transfer_fn_idx];
    s->data_ptr = s->io_buffer + s->cur_io_buffer_offset;
    s->data_end = s->data_ptr + s->cur_io_buffer_len;

    return 0;
}

static void ide_drive_pio_pre_save(void *opaque)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;
    int idx;

    s->cur_io_buffer_offset = s->data_ptr - s->io_buffer;
    s->cur_io_buffer_len = s->data_end - s->data_ptr;

    idx = transfer_end_table_idx(s->end_transfer_func);
    if (idx == -1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid end_transfer_func for DRQ_STAT\n",
                        __func__);
        s->end_transfer_fn_idx = 2;
    } else {
        s->end_transfer_fn_idx = idx;
    }
}

static bool ide_drive_pio_state_needed(void *opaque)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;

    return ((s->status & DRQ_STAT) != 0)
        || (s->bus->error_status & BM_STATUS_PIO_RETRY);
}

static bool ide_atapi_gesn_needed(void *opaque)
{
    IDEState *s = opaque;

    return s->events.new_media || s->events.eject_request;
}

static bool ide_error_needed(void *opaque)
{
    IDEBus *bus = opaque;

    return (bus->error_status != 0);
}

/* Fields for GET_EVENT_STATUS_NOTIFICATION ATAPI command */
const VMStateDescription vmstate_ide_atapi_gesn_state = {
    .name ="ide_drive/atapi/gesn_state",
    .version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
    .fields = (VMStateField []) {
        VMSTATE_BOOL(events.new_media, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_BOOL(events.eject_request, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    }
};

const VMStateDescription vmstate_ide_drive_pio_state = {
    .name = "ide_drive/pio_state",
    .version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
    .pre_save = ide_drive_pio_pre_save,
    .post_load = ide_drive_pio_post_load,
    .fields      = (VMStateField []) {
        VMSTATE_INT32(req_nb_sectors, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_VARRAY_INT32(io_buffer, IDEState, io_buffer_total_len, 1,
			     vmstate_info_uint8, uint8_t),
        VMSTATE_INT32(cur_io_buffer_offset, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(cur_io_buffer_len, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(end_transfer_fn_idx, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(elementary_transfer_size, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(packet_transfer_size, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    }
};

const VMStateDescription vmstate_ide_drive = {
    .name = "ide_drive",
    .version_id = 3,
    .minimum_version_id = 0,
    .minimum_version_id_old = 0,
    .post_load = ide_drive_post_load,
    .fields      = (VMStateField []) {
        VMSTATE_INT32(mult_sectors, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_INT32(identify_set, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_BUFFER_TEST(identify_data, IDEState, is_identify_set),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(feature, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(error, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT32(nsector, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(sector, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(lcyl, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(hcyl, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(hob_feature, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(hob_sector, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(hob_nsector, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(hob_lcyl, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(hob_hcyl, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(select, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(status, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(lba48, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(sense_key, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(asc, IDEState),
        VMSTATE_UINT8_V(cdrom_changed, IDEState, 3),
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    },
    .subsections = (VMStateSubsection []) {
        {
            .vmsd = &vmstate_ide_drive_pio_state,
            .needed = ide_drive_pio_state_needed,
        }, {
            .vmsd = &vmstate_ide_atapi_gesn_state,
            .needed = ide_atapi_gesn_needed,
        }, {
            /* empty */
        }
    }
};

const VMStateDescription vmstate_ide_error_status = {
    .name ="ide_bus/error",
    .version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
    .fields = (VMStateField []) {
        VMSTATE_INT32(error_status, IDEBus),
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    }
};

const VMStateDescription vmstate_ide_bus = {
    .name = "ide_bus",
    .version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id = 1,
    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
    .fields      = (VMStateField []) {
        VMSTATE_UINT8(cmd, IDEBus),
        VMSTATE_UINT8(unit, IDEBus),
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    },
    .subsections = (VMStateSubsection []) {
        {
            .vmsd = &vmstate_ide_error_status,
            .needed = ide_error_needed,
        }, {
            /* empty */
        }
    }
};

void ide_drive_get(DriveInfo **hd, int max_bus)
{
    int i;

    if (drive_get_max_bus(IF_IDE) >= max_bus) {
        fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many IDE bus: %d\n", max_bus);
        exit(1);
    }

    for(i = 0; i < max_bus * MAX_IDE_DEVS; i++) {
        hd[i] = drive_get(IF_IDE, i / MAX_IDE_DEVS, i % MAX_IDE_DEVS);
    }
}