qemuBuildMemballoonDevStr returns NULL if memballoon doesn't have
the right address type, but it doesn't report an error, leading to:
error: An error occurred, but the cause is unknown

Report a helpful error message instead, e.g.:
error: XML error: memballoon unsupported with address type 'usb'

This adds addresses to domxml-to-native output and chooses
the correct virtio devices for ccw and s390 machines.

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=957077

For long options, print:
* the option as specified by the user if it's unknown
* the canonical long option if its argument is not
  a number (and should be)

And for missing arguments, print both the short and
the long option name.
(Doing only one of those would require either parsing
argv ourselves or let getopt print the errors, since
we can't tell long and short options apart by optopt
or longindex)

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=949373

Unsupported long option:

$ virsh --pm
Before:
error: unsupported option '-
After:
error: unsupported option '--pm'. See --help.

Missing parameter:

$ virsh --deb
Before:
error: option '-d' requires an argument
After:
error: option '-d'/'--debug' requires an argument

$ virsh -rd
Before:
error: option '-d' requires an argument
After:
error: option '-d'/'--debug' requires an argument

Non-numeric parameter:

$ virsh --deb duck
Before:
error: option -d takes a numeric argument
After:
error: option --debug takes a numeric argument

When a user requests auto-allocation of the spice TLS port but spice TLS
is disabled in qemu.conf, we start the machine and let qemu fail instead
of erroring out sooner.

Add an error message so that this doesn't happen.

On the off-chance that creation of persistent configuration file would
fail when defining a network that is already started as transient, the
code would remove the transient data structure and thus the network.

This patch changes the code so that in such case, the network is again
marked as transient and left behind.

The USB-specific cgroup setup had been inserted inline in
qemuDomainAttachHostUsbDevice and qemuSetupCgroup, but now there is a
common cgroup setup function called for all hostdevs, so it makes sens
to put the usb-specific setup there and just rely on that function
being called.

The one thing I'm uncertain of here (and a reason for not pushing
until after release) is that previously hostdev->missing was checked
only when starting a domain (and cgroup setup for the device skipped
if missing was true), but with this consolidation, it is now checked
in the case of hotplug as well. I don't know if this will have any
practical effect (does it make sense to hotplug a "missing" usb
device?)

PCIO device assignment using VFIO requires read/write access by the
qemu process to /dev/vfio/vfio, and /dev/vfio/nn, where "nn" is the
VFIO group number that the assigned device belongs to (and can be
found with the function virPCIDeviceGetVFIOGroupDev)

/dev/vfio/vfio can be accessible to any guest without danger
(according to vfio developers), so it is added to the static ACL.

The group device must be dynamically added to the cgroup ACL for each
vfio hostdev in two places:

1) for any devices in the persistent config when the domain is started
   (done during qemuSetupCgroup())

2) at device attach time for any hotplug devices (done in
   qemuDomainAttachHostDevice)

The group device must be removed from the ACL when a device it
"hot-unplugged" (in qemuDomainDetachHostDevice())

Note that USB devices are already doing their own cgroup setup and
teardown in the hostdev-usb specific function. I chose to make the new
functions generic and call them in a common location though. We can
then move the USB-specific code (which is duplicated in two locations)
to this single location. I'll be posting a followup patch to do that.

My commit 024e9af3 broke this.

I removed it in 5c3d5b22 by accident.

Don't reserve slot 2 for video if the machine has no PCI buses.
Error out when the user specifies a video device without
a PCI address when there are no PCI buses.

(This wouldn't work on a machine with no PCI bus anyway since
we do add PCI addresses for video devices to the command line)

In the past we automatically added a USB controller and assigned
it a PCI address (0:0:1.2) even on machines without a PCI bus.
This didn't break machines with no PCI bus  because the command
line for it is just '-usb', with no mention of the PCI bus.

The implicit IDE controller (reserved address 0:0:1.1) has
no command line at all.

Commit b33eb0dc removed the ability to reserve PCI addresses
on machines without a PCI bus. This made them stop working,
since there would always be the implicit USB controller.

Skip the reservation of addresses for these controllers when
there is no PCI bus, instead of failing.

This isn't strictly speaking a bugfix, but I realized I'd gotten a bit
too verbose when I chose the names for
VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_TYPE_*. This shortens them all a bit.

I remembered to document this bit, but somehow forgot to implement it.

This adds <driver name='kvm|vfio'/> as a subelement to the <forward>
element of a network (this puts it parallel to the match between
mode='hostdev' attribute in a network and type='hostdev' in an
<interface>).

Since it's already documented, only the parser, formatter, backend
driver recognition (it just translates/moves the flag into the
<interface> at the appropriate time), and a test case were needed.

(I used a separate enum for the values both because the original is
defined in domain_conf.h, which is unavailable from network_conf.h,
and because in the future it's possible that we may want to support
other non-hostdev oriented driver names in the network parser; this
makes sure that one can be expanded without the other).

<source type='bridge'> uses a helper application to do the necessary
TUN/TAP setup to use an existing network bridge, thus letting
unprivileged users use TUN/TAP interfaces.

However, libvirt should be preventing QEMU from running any setuid
programs at all, which would include this helper program.  From
a security POV, any setuid helper needs to be run by libvirtd itself,
not QEMU.

This is what this patch does.  libvirt now invokes the setuid helper,
gets the TAP fd and then passes it to QEMU in the normal manner.
The path to the helper is specified in qemu.conf.

As a small advantage, this adds a <target dev='tap0'/> element to the
XML of an active domain using <interface type='bridge'>.
Signed-off-by: NPaolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

This will be used on a tap file descriptor returned by the bridge helper
to populate the <target> element, because the helper does not provide
the interface name.
Signed-off-by: NPaolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

Adjust the usb-none test, since it gives the memballoon a lower PCI slot now.
Add a test for 'none' controller on s390, which doesn't have PCI buses.

this patch fix the wrong sequence for fd and timeout register. the sequence
was right in dfa1e1dd for fd register, but it changed in e0622ca2.
in this patch, set priv, xl_priv in info and increase info->priv ref count
before virEventAddHandle. if do this after virEventAddHandle, the fd
callback or fd deregister maybe got the empty priv, xl_priv or wrong ref
count.

after apply this patch, test more than 100 rounds passed compare to fail
within 3 rounds without this patch. each round includes define -> start ->
destroy -> create -> suspend -> resume -> reboot -> shutdown -> save ->
resotre -> dump -> destroy -> create -> setmem -> setvcpus -> destroy.
Signed-off-by: NBamvor Jian Zhang <bjzhang@suse.com>

VFIO requires all of the guest's memory and IO space to be lockable in
RAM. The domain's max_balloon is the maximum amount of memory the
domain can have (in KiB). We add a generous 1GiB to that for IO space
(still much better than KVM device assignment, where the KVM module
actually *ignores* the process limits and locks everything anyway),
and convert from KiB to bytes.

In the case of hotplug, we are changing the limit for the already
existing qemu process (prlimit() is used under the hood), and for
regular commandline additions of vfio devices, we schedule a call to
setrlimit() that will happen after the qemu process is forked.

These were previously being set in a custom hook function, but now
that virCommand directly supports setting them, we can eliminate that
part of the hook and call the APIs directly.

This patch adds two sets of functions:

1) lower level virProcessSet*() functions that will immediately set
the RLIMIT_MEMLOCK. RLIMIT_NPROC, or RLIMIT_NOFILE of either the
current process (using setrlimit()) or any other process (using
prlimit()). "current process" is indicated by passing a 0 for pid.

2) functions for virCommand* that will setup a virCommand object to
set those limits at a later time just after it has forked a new
process, but before it execs the new program.

configure.ac has prlimit and setrlimit added to the list of functions
to check for, and the low level functions log an "unsupported" error)
on platforms that don't support those functions.

If a user cgroup name begins with "cgroup.", "_" or with any of
the controllers from /proc/cgroups followed by a dot, then they
need to be prefixed with a single underscore. eg if there is
an object "cpu.service", then this would end up as "_cpu.service"
in the cgroup filesystem tree, however, "waldo.service" would
stay "waldo.service", at least as long as nobody comes up with
a cgroup controller called "waldo".

Since we require a '.XXXX' suffix on all partitions, there is
no scope for clashing with the kernel 'tasks' and 'release_agent'
files.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>

If the partition named passed in the XML does not already have
a suffix, ensure it gets a '.partition' added to each component.
The exceptions are /machine, /user and /system which do not need
to have a suffix, since they are fixed partitions at the top
level.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>

Recently we changed to create VM cgroups with the naming pattern
$VMNAME.$DRIVER.libvirt. Following discussions with the systemd
community it was decided that only having a single '.' in the
names is preferrable. So this changes the naming scheme to be
$VMNAME.libvirt-$DRIVER. eg for LXC 'mycontainer.libvirt-lxc' or
for KVM 'myvm.libvirt-qemu'.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>

Add a test case for query-tpm-models QMP command.
Signed-off-by: NStefan Berger <stefanb@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

'virsh help | grep nodedev-det' shows only nodedev-detach, but
'virsh help nodedev | grep nodedev-det' also shows the old alias
nodedev-dettach that we intentionally hid in commit af3f9aab.

See also commit 787f4feb and this bug report:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=956966

* tools/virsh.c (vshCmdGrpHelp): Copy suppression of vshCmdHelp.
Signed-off-by: NEric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>

Legacy kvm style pci device assignment requires changes to the
labelling of several sysfs files for each device, but for vfio device
assignment, the only thing that needs to be relabelled/chowned is the
"group" device for the group that contains the device to be assigned.

Given a virPCIDevice, this function returns the path for the device
that controls the vfio group the device belongs to,
e.g. "/dev/vfio/15".

The virsh nodedev-detach command has a new --driver option. If it's
given virsh will attempt to use the new virNodeDeviceDetachFlags API
instead of virNodeDeviceDettach. Validation of the driver name string
is left to the hypervisor (qemu accepts "kvm" or "vfio". The only
other hypervisor that implements these functions is xen, and it only
accepts NULL).

This was the only hypervisor driver other than qemu that implemented
virNodeDeviceDettach. It doesn't currently support multiple pci device
assignment driver backends, but it is simple to plug in this new API,
which will make it easier for Xen people to fill it in later when they
decide to support VFIO (or whatever other) device assignment. Also it
means that management applications will have the same API available to
them for both hypervisors on any given version of libvirt.

The only acceptable value for driverName in this case is NULL, since
there is no alternate, and I'm not willing to pick a name for the
default driver used by Xen.

The differences from virNodeDeviceDettach are very minor:

1) Check that the flags are 0.

2) Set the virPCIDevice's stubDriver according to the driverName that
   is passed in.

3) Call virPCIDeviceDetach with a NULL stubDriver, indicating it
   should get the name of the stub driver from the virPCIDevice
   object.

This requires a custom function for remoteNodeDeviceDetachFlags,
because it is named *NodeDevice, but it goes through the hypervisor
driver rather than nodedevice driver, and so it uses privateData
instead of nodeDevicePrivateData. (It has to go through the hypervisor
driver, because that is the driver that knows about the backend drivers
that will perform the pci device assignment).

The existing virNodeDeviceDettach() assumes that there is only a
single PCI device assignment backend driver appropriate for any
hypervisor. This is no longer true, as the qemu driver is getting
support for PCI device assignment via VFIO. The new API
virNodeDeviceDetachFlags adds a driverName arg that should be set to
the exact same string set in a domain <hostdev>'s <driver name='x'/>
element (i.e. "vfio", "kvm", or NULL for default). It also adds a
flags arg for good measure (and because it's possible we may need it
when we start dealing with VFIO's "device groups").

If the config for a device has specified <driver name='vfio'/>,
"backend" in the pci part of the hostdev object will be set to
..._VFIO. In this case, when creating a virPCIDevice set the
stubDriver to "vfio-pci", otherwise set it to "pci-stub". We will rely
on the lower levels to report an error if the vfio driver isn't
loaded.

The detach/attach functions in virpci.c will pay attention to the
stubDriver setting in the device, and bind/unbind the appropriate
driver when preparing hostdevs for the domain.

Note that we don't yet attempt to do anything to mark active any other
devices in the same vfio "group" as a single device that is being
marked active. We do need to do that, but in order to get basic VFIO
functionality testing sooner rather than later, initially we'll just
live with more cryptic errors when someone tries to do that.

This can be set when the virPCIDevice is created and placed on a list,
then used later when traversing the list to determine which stub
driver to bind/unbind for managed devices.

The existing Detach and Attach functions' signatures haven't been
changed (they still accept a stub driver name in the arg list), but if
the arg list has NULL for stub driver and one is available in the
device's object, that will be used. (we may later deprecate and remove
the arg from those functions).

The device option for vfio-pci is nearly identical to that for
pci-assign - only the configfd parameter isn't supported (or needed).

Checking for presence of the bootindex parameter is done separately
from constructing the commandline, similar to how it is done for
pci-assign.

This patch contains tests to check for proper commandline
construction. It also includes tests for parser-formatter-parser
roundtrips (xml2xml), because those tests use the same data files, and
would have failed had they been included before now.

qemu: xml/args tests for VFIO hostdev and <interface type='hostdev'/>

These should be squashed in with the patch that adds commandline
handling of vfio (they would fail at any earlier time).

A domain's <interface> or <hostdev>, as well as a <network>'s
<forward>, can now have an optional <driver name='kvm|vfio'/>
element. As of this patch, there is no functionality behind this new
knob - this patch adds support to the domain and network
formatter/parser, and to the RNG and documentation.

When the backend is added, legacy KVM PCI device assignment will
continue to be used when no driver name is specified (or if <driver
name='kvm'/> is specified), but if driver name is 'vfio', the new UEFI
Secure Boot compatible VFIO device assignment will be used.

Note that the parser doesn't automatically insert the current default
value of this setting. This is done on purpose because the two
possibilities are functionally equivalent from the guest's point of
view, and we want to be able to automatically start using vfio as the
default (even for existing domains) at some time in the future. This
is similar to what was done with the "vhost" driver option in
<interface>.

There will soon be other items related to pci hostdevs that need to be
in the same part of the hostdevsubsys union as the pci address (which
is currently a single member called "pci". This patch replaces the
single member named pci with a struct named pci that contains a single
member named "addr".

QEMU_CAPS_DEVICE_VFIO_PCI is set if the device named "vfio-pci" is
supported in the qemu binary.

QEMU_CAPS_VFIO_PCI_BOOTINDEX is set if the vfio-pci device supports
the "bootindex" parameter;  for some reason, the bootindex parameter
wasn't included in early versions of vfio support (qemu 1.4) so we
have to check for it separately from vfio itself.

POSIX says that both basename() and dirname() may return static
storage (aka they need not be thread-safe); and that they may but
not must modify their input argument.  Furthermore, <libgen.h>
is not available on all platforms.  For these reasons, you should
never use these functions in a multi-threaded library.

Gnulib instead recommends a way to avoid the portability nightmare:
gnulib's "dirname.h" provides useful thread-safe counterparts.  The
obvious dir_name() and base_name() are GPL (because they malloc(),
but call exit() on failure) so we can't use them; but the LGPL
variants mdir_name() (malloc's or returns NULL) and last_component
(always points into the incoming string without modifying it,
differing from basename semantics only on corner cases like the
empty string that we shouldn't be hitting in the first place) are
already in use in libvirt.  This finishes the swap over to the safe
functions.

* cfg.mk (sc_prohibit_libgen): New rule.
* src/util/vircgroup.c: Fix offenders.
* src/parallels/parallels_storage.c (parallelsPoolAddByDomain):
Likewise.
* src/parallels/parallels_network.c (parallelsGetBridgedNetInfo):
Likewise.
* src/node_device/node_device_udev.c (udevProcessSCSIHost)
(udevProcessSCSIDevice): Likewise.
* src/storage/storage_backend_disk.c
(virStorageBackendDiskDeleteVol): Likewise.
* src/util/virpci.c (virPCIGetDeviceAddressFromSysfsLink):
Likewise.
* src/util/virstoragefile.h (_virStorageFileMetadata): Avoid false
positive.
Signed-off-by: NEric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>

It was written VIR_DOMAIN_EVENT_ID_PMSuspend