For architectures that define HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG, instead of having them
provide the complete touch_nmi_watchdog() function, just have them
provide arch_touch_nmi_watchdog().

This gives the generic code more flexibility in implementing this
function, and arch implementations don't miss out on touching the
softlockup watchdog or other generic details.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616065715.18390-3-npiggin@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NNicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NDon Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NBabu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>	[sparc]
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

vmcoreinfo_max_size stands for the vmcoreinfo_data, the correct one we
should use is vmcoreinfo_note whose total size is VMCOREINFO_NOTE_SIZE.

Like explained in commit 77019967 ("kdump: fix exported size of
vmcoreinfo note"), it should not affect the actual function, but we
better fix it, also this change should be safe and backward compatible.

After this, we can get rid of variable vmcoreinfo_max_size, let's use
the corresponding macros directly, fewer variables means more safety for
vmcoreinfo operation.

[xlpang@redhat.com: fix build warning]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494830606-27736-1-git-send-email-xlpang@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1493281021-20737-2-git-send-email-xlpang@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NXunlei Pang <xlpang@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMahesh Salgaonkar <mahesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Michael Holzheu <holzheu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

As Eric said,
 "what we need to do is move the variable vmcoreinfo_note out of the
  kernel's .bss section. And modify the code to regenerate and keep this
  information in something like the control page.

  Definitely something like this needs a page all to itself, and ideally
  far away from any other kernel data structures. I clearly was not
  watching closely the data someone decided to keep this silly thing in
  the kernel's .bss section."

This patch allocates extra pages for these vmcoreinfo_XXX variables, one
advantage is that it enhances some safety of vmcoreinfo, because
vmcoreinfo now is kept far away from other kernel data structures.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1493281021-20737-1-git-send-email-xlpang@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NXunlei Pang <xlpang@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NMichael Holzheu <holzheu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJuergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Suggested-by: NEric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mahesh Salgaonkar <mahesh@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now that explicitly executed loaders are loaded in the mmap region, we
have more freedom to decide where we position PIE binaries in the
address space to avoid possible collisions with mmap or stack regions.

For 64-bit, align to 4GB to allow runtimes to use the entire 32-bit
address space for 32-bit pointers.  On 32-bit use 4MB, which is the
traditional x86 minimum load location, likely to avoid historically
requiring a 4MB page table entry when only a portion of the first 4MB
would be used (since the NULL address is avoided).  For s390 the
position could be 0x10000, but that is needlessly close to the NULL
address.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1498154792-49952-5-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.orgSigned-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Pratyush Anand <panand@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now that explicitly executed loaders are loaded in the mmap region, we
have more freedom to decide where we position PIE binaries in the
address space to avoid possible collisions with mmap or stack regions.

For 64-bit, align to 4GB to allow runtimes to use the entire 32-bit
address space for 32-bit pointers.  On 32-bit use 4MB, which is the
traditional x86 minimum load location, likely to avoid historically
requiring a 4MB page table entry when only a portion of the first 4MB
would be used (since the NULL address is avoided).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1498154792-49952-4-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.orgSigned-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Tested-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Acked-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Pratyush Anand <panand@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now that explicitly executed loaders are loaded in the mmap region, we
have more freedom to decide where we position PIE binaries in the
address space to avoid possible collisions with mmap or stack regions.

For 64-bit, align to 4GB to allow runtimes to use the entire 32-bit
address space for 32-bit pointers.  On 32-bit use 4MB, to match ARM.
This could be 0x8000, the standard ET_EXEC load address, but that is
needlessly close to the NULL address, and anyone running arm compat PIE
will have an MMU, so the tight mapping is not needed.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1498251600-132458-4-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.orgSigned-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now that explicitly executed loaders are loaded in the mmap region, we
have more freedom to decide where we position PIE binaries in the
address space to avoid possible collisions with mmap or stack regions.

4MB is chosen here mainly to have parity with x86, where this is the
traditional minimum load location, likely to avoid historically
requiring a 4MB page table entry when only a portion of the first 4MB
would be used (since the NULL address is avoided).

For ARM the position could be 0x8000, the standard ET_EXEC load address,
but that is needlessly close to the NULL address, and anyone running PIE
on 32-bit ARM will have an MMU, so the tight mapping is not needed.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1498154792-49952-2-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.orgSigned-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Pratyush Anand <panand@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: Dmitry Safonov <dsafonov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Grzegorz Andrejczuk <grzegorz.andrejczuk@intel.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Qualys Security Advisory <qsa@qualys.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The ELF_ET_DYN_BASE position was originally intended to keep loaders
away from ET_EXEC binaries.  (For example, running "/lib/ld-linux.so.2
/bin/cat" might cause the subsequent load of /bin/cat into where the
loader had been loaded.)

With the advent of PIE (ET_DYN binaries with an INTERP Program Header),
ELF_ET_DYN_BASE continued to be used since the kernel was only looking
at ET_DYN.  However, since ELF_ET_DYN_BASE is traditionally set at the
top 1/3rd of the TASK_SIZE, a substantial portion of the address space
is unused.

For 32-bit tasks when RLIMIT_STACK is set to RLIM_INFINITY, programs are
loaded above the mmap region.  This means they can be made to collide
(CVE-2017-1000370) or nearly collide (CVE-2017-1000371) with
pathological stack regions.

Lowering ELF_ET_DYN_BASE solves both by moving programs below the mmap
region in all cases, and will now additionally avoid programs falling
back to the mmap region by enforcing MAP_FIXED for program loads (i.e.
if it would have collided with the stack, now it will fail to load
instead of falling back to the mmap region).

To allow for a lower ELF_ET_DYN_BASE, loaders (ET_DYN without INTERP)
are loaded into the mmap region, leaving space available for either an
ET_EXEC binary with a fixed location or PIE being loaded into mmap by
the loader.  Only PIE programs are loaded offset from ELF_ET_DYN_BASE,
which means architectures can now safely lower their values without risk
of loaders colliding with their subsequently loaded programs.

For 64-bit, ELF_ET_DYN_BASE is best set to 4GB to allow runtimes to use
the entire 32-bit address space for 32-bit pointers.

Thanks to PaX Team, Daniel Micay, and Rik van Riel for inspiration and
suggestions on how to implement this solution.

Fixes: d1fd836d ("mm: split ET_DYN ASLR from mmap ASLR")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170621173201.GA114489@beastSigned-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: Qualys Security Advisory <qsa@qualys.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Safonov <dsafonov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Grzegorz Andrejczuk <grzegorz.andrejczuk@intel.com>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Pratyush Anand <panand@redhat.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

[thomas@m3y3r.de: v3: fix arch specific implementations]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1497890858.12931.7.camel@m3y3r.deSigned-off-by: NThomas Meyer <thomas@m3y3r.de>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 7dd96816 ("bitmap: bitmap_equal memcmp optimization") was
rather more restrictive than necessary; we can use memcmp() to implement
bitmap_equal() as long as the number of bits can be proved to be a
multiple of 8.  And architectures other than s390 may be able to make
good use of this optimisation.

[arnd@arndb.de: fix build: add a memcmp() declaration]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170630153908.3439707-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170628153221.11322-5-willy@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: NMatthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: NRasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The global variable 'rd_size' is declared as 'int' in source file
arch/arm/kernel/atags_parse.c and as 'unsigned long' in
drivers/block/brd.c.  Fix this inconsistency.

Additionally, remove the declarations of rd_image_start, rd_prompt and
rd_doload from parse_tag_ramdisk() since these duplicate existing
declarations in <linux/initrd.h>.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170627065024.12347-1-bart.vanassche@wdc.comSigned-off-by: NBart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com>
Acked-by: NRussell King <rmk+kernel@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jason Yan <yanaijie@huawei.com>
Cc: Zhaohongjiang <zhaohongjiang@huawei.com>
Cc: Miao Xie <miaoxie@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

FRV supports 64-bit cmpxchg, which is provided by the arch code as
__cmpxchg_64 and subsequently used to implement atomic64_cmpxchg.

This patch hooks up the generic cmpxchg64 API using the same function,
which also provides default definitions of the relaxed, acquire and
release variants.  This fixes the build when COMPILE_TEST=y and
IOMMU_IO_PGTABLE_LPAE=y.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1499084670-6996-1-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.comSigned-off-by: NWill Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reported-by: Nkbuild test robot <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The arch uses a verbatim copy of the asm-generic version and does not
add any own implementations to the header, so use asm-generic/fb.h
instead of duplicating code.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170517083307.1697-1-tklauser@distanz.chSigned-off-by: NTobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

frv's asm/device.h is merely including asm-generic/device.h.  Thus, the
arch specific header can be omitted and the generic header can be used
directly.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170517124915.26904-1-tklauser@distanz.chSigned-off-by: NTobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We used to read several bytes of the shadow memory in advance.
Therefore additional shadow memory mapped to prevent crash if
speculative load would happen near the end of the mapped shadow memory.

Now we don't have such speculative loads, so we no longer need to map
additional shadow memory.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170601162338.23540-3-aryabinin@virtuozzo.comSigned-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We used to read several bytes of the shadow memory in advance.
Therefore additional shadow memory mapped to prevent crash if
speculative load would happen near the end of the mapped shadow memory.

Now we don't have such speculative loads, so we no longer need to map
additional shadow memory.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170601162338.23540-2-aryabinin@virtuozzo.comSigned-off-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Rename function_offset_within_entry() to scope it to kprobe namespace by
using kprobe_ prefix, and to also simplify it.
Suggested-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Suggested-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NNaveen N. Rao <naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3aa6c7e2e4fb6e00f3c24fa306496a66edb558ea.1499443367.git.naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Remove old, dead Kconfig option INET_LRO. It is gone since
commit 7bbf3cae ("ipv4: Remove inet_lro library").
Signed-off-by: NKrzysztof Kozlowski <krzk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NStafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>

openrisc's asm/fixmap.h uses the BUG() and BUG_ON() macros but relies on
implict inclusion of linux/bug.h which means that changes in other
headers could break the build. Thus, add an explicit include.
Signed-off-by: NTobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Signed-off-by: NStafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>

lruvecs are at the intersection of the NUMA node and memcg, which is the
scope for most paging activity.

Introduce a convenient accounting infrastructure that maintains
statistics per node, per memcg, and the lruvec itself.

Then convert over accounting sites for statistics that are already
tracked in both nodes and memcgs and can be easily switched.

[hannes@cmpxchg.org: fix crash in the new cgroup stat keeping code]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170531171450.GA10481@cmpxchg.org
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: don't track uncharged pages at all
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170605175254.GA8547@cmpxchg.org
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: add missing free_percpu()]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170605175354.GB8547@cmpxchg.org
[linux@roeck-us.net: hexagon: fix build error caused by include file order]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170617153721.GA4382@roeck-us.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170530181724.27197-6-hannes@cmpxchg.orgSigned-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: NGuenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Acked-by: NVladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <josef@toxicpanda.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When unmapping a hugepage range, huge_pte_clear() is used to clear the
page table entries that are marked as not present.  huge_pte_clear()
internally just ends up calling pte_clear() which does not correctly
deal with hugepages consisting of contiguous page table entries.

Add a size argument to address this issue and allow architectures to
override huge_pte_clear() by wrapping it in a #ifndef block.

Update s390 implementation with the size parameter as well.

Note that the change only affects huge_pte_clear() - the other generic
hugetlb functions don't need any change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170522162555.4313-1-punit.agrawal@arm.comSigned-off-by: NPunit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>	[s390 bits]
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A poisoned or migrated hugepage is stored as a swap entry in the page
tables.  On architectures that support hugepages consisting of
contiguous page table entries (such as on arm64) this leads to ambiguity
in determining the page table entry to return in huge_pte_offset() when
a poisoned entry is encountered.

Let's remove the ambiguity by adding a size parameter to convey
additional information about the requested address.  Also fixup the
definition/usage of huge_pte_offset() throughout the tree.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170522133604.11392-4-punit.agrawal@arm.comSigned-off-by: NPunit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: NSteve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com> (odd fixer:METAG ARCHITECTURE)
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> (supporter:MIPS)
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We don't need to call huge_ptep_offset as our accessors are already
supplied with the pte_t *.  This patch removes those spurious calls.

[punit.agrawal@arm.com: resolve rebase conflicts due to patch re-ordering]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524115409.31309-3-punit.agrawal@arm.comSigned-off-by: NSteve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NPunit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Cc: David Woods <dwoods@mellanox.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Support for contiguous pte hugepages", v4.

This patchset updates the hugetlb code to fix issues arising from
contiguous pte hugepages (such as on arm64).  Compared to v3, This
version addresses a build failure on arm64 by including two cleanup
patches.  Other than the arm64 cleanups, the rest are generic code
changes.  The remaining arm64 support based on these patches will be
posted separately.  The patches are based on v4.12-rc2.  Previous
related postings can be found at [0], [1], [2], and [3].

The patches fall into three categories -

* Patch 1-2 - arm64 cleanups required to greatly simplify changing
  huge_pte_offset() prototype in Patch 5.

  Catalin, Will - are you happy for these patches to go via mm?

* Patches 3-4 address issues with gup

* Patches 5-8 relate to passing a size argument to hugepage helpers to
  disambiguate the size of the referred page. These changes are
  required to enable arch code to properly handle swap entries for
  contiguous pte hugepages.

  The changes to huge_pte_offset() (patch 5) touch multiple
  architectures but I've managed to minimise these changes for the
  other affected functions - huge_pte_clear() and set_huge_pte_at().

These patches gate the enabling of contiguous hugepages support on arm64
which has been requested for systems using !4k page granule.

The ARM64 architecture supports two flavours of hugepages -

* Block mappings at the pud/pmd level

  These are regular hugepages where a pmd or a pud page table entry
  points to a block of memory. Depending on the PAGE_SIZE in use the
  following size of block mappings are supported -

          PMD	PUD
          ---	---
  4K:      2M	 1G
  16K:    32M
  64K:   512M

  For certain applications/usecases such as HPC and large enterprise
  workloads, folks are using 64k page size but the minimum hugepage size
  of 512MB isn't very practical.

To overcome this ...

* Using the Contiguous bit

  The architecture provides a contiguous bit in the translation table
  entry which acts as a hint to the mmu to indicate that it is one of a
  contiguous set of entries that can be cached in a single TLB entry.

  We use the contiguous bit in Linux to increase the mapping size at the
  pmd and pte (last) level.

  The number of supported contiguous entries varies by page size and
  level of the page table.

  Using the contiguous bit allows additional hugepage sizes -

           CONT PTE    PMD    CONT PMD    PUD
           --------    ---    --------    ---
    4K:         64K     2M         32M     1G
    16K:         2M    32M          1G
    64K:         2M   512M         16G

  Of these, 64K with 4K and 2M with 64K pages have been explicitly
  requested by a few different users.

Entries with the contiguous bit set are required to be modified all
together - which makes things like memory poisoning and migration
impossible to do correctly without knowing the size of hugepage being
dealt with - the reason for adding size parameter to a few of the
hugepage helpers in this series.

This patch (of 8):

As we regularly check for contiguous pte's in the huge accessors, remove
this extra check from find_num_contig.

[punit.agrawal@arm.com: resolve rebase conflicts due to patch re-ordering]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524115409.31309-2-punit.agrawal@arm.comSigned-off-by: NSteve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NPunit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Cc: David Woods <dwoods@mellanox.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

POWER9 supports hugepages of size 2M and 1G in radix MMU mode.  This
patch enables the usage of 1G page size for hugetlbfs.  This also update
the helper such we can do 1G page allocation at runtime.

We still don't enable 1G page size on DD1 version.  This is to avoid
doing workaround mentioned in commit 6d3a0379 ("powerpc/mm: Add
radix__tlb_flush_pte_p9_dd1()").

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494995292-4443-2-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This moves the #ifdef in C code to a Kconfig dependency.  Also we move
the gigantic_page_supported() function to be arch specific.

This allows architectures to conditionally enable runtime allocation of
gigantic huge page.  Architectures like ppc64 supports different
gigantic huge page size (16G and 1G) based on the translation mode
selected.  This provides an opportunity for ppc64 to enable runtime
allocation only w.r.t 1G hugepage.

No functional change in this patch.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494995292-4443-1-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-10-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With generic code now handling hugetlb entries at pgd level and also
supporting hugepage directory format, we can now remove the powerpc
sepcific follow_huge_addr implementation.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-9-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494926612-23928-8-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

arch_add_memory gets for_device argument which then controls whether we
want to create memblocks for created memory sections.  Simplify the
logic by telling whether we want memblocks directly rather than going
through pointless negation.  This also makes the api easier to
understand because it is clear what we want rather than nothing telling
for_device which can mean anything.

This shouldn't introduce any functional change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-13-mhocko@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Tested-by: NDan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The current memory hotplug implementation relies on having all the
struct pages associate with a zone/node during the physical hotplug
phase (arch_add_memory->__add_pages->__add_section->__add_zone).  In the
vast majority of cases this means that they are added to ZONE_NORMAL.
This has been so since 9d99aaa3 ("[PATCH] x86_64: Support memory
hotadd without sparsemem") and it wasn't a big deal back then because
movable onlining didn't exist yet.

Much later memory hotplug wanted to (ab)use ZONE_MOVABLE for movable
onlining 511c2aba ("mm, memory-hotplug: dynamic configure movable
memory and portion memory") and then things got more complicated.
Rather than reconsidering the zone association which was no longer
needed (because the memory hotplug already depended on SPARSEMEM) a
convoluted semantic of zone shifting has been developed.  Only the
currently last memblock or the one adjacent to the zone_movable can be
onlined movable.  This essentially means that the online type changes as
the new memblocks are added.

Let's simulate memory hot online manually
  $ echo 0x100000000 > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones
  Normal Movable

  $ echo $((0x100000000+(128<<20))) > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  $ echo $((0x100000000+2*(128<<20))) > /sys/devices/system/memory/probe
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  $ echo online_movable > /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/state
  $ grep . /sys/devices/system/memory/memory3?/valid_zones
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable Normal

This is an awkward semantic because an udev event is sent as soon as the
block is onlined and an udev handler might want to online it based on
some policy (e.g.  association with a node) but it will inherently race
with new blocks showing up.

This patch changes the physical online phase to not associate pages with
any zone at all.  All the pages are just marked reserved and wait for
the onlining phase to be associated with the zone as per the online
request.  There are only two requirements

	- existing ZONE_NORMAL and ZONE_MOVABLE cannot overlap

	- ZONE_NORMAL precedes ZONE_MOVABLE in physical addresses

the latter one is not an inherent requirement and can be changed in the
future.  It preserves the current behavior and made the code slightly
simpler.  This is subject to change in future.

This means that the same physical online steps as above will lead to the
following state: Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Normal Movable

  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory32/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory33/valid_zones:Normal Movable
  /sys/devices/system/memory/memory34/valid_zones:Movable

Implementation:
The current move_pfn_range is reimplemented to check the above
requirements (allow_online_pfn_range) and then updates the respective
zone (move_pfn_range_to_zone), the pgdat and links all the pages in the
pfn range with the zone/node.  __add_pages is updated to not require the
zone and only initializes sections in the range.  This allowed to
simplify the arch_add_memory code (s390 could get rid of quite some of
code).

devm_memremap_pages is the only user of arch_add_memory which relies on
the zone association because it only hooks into the memory hotplug only
half way.  It uses it to associate the new memory with ZONE_DEVICE but
doesn't allow it to be {on,off}lined via sysfs.  This means that this
particular code path has to call move_pfn_range_to_zone explicitly.

The original zone shifting code is kept in place and will be removed in
the follow up patch for an easier review.

Please note that this patch also changes the original behavior when
offlining a memory block adjacent to another zone (Normal vs.  Movable)
used to allow to change its movable type.  This will be handled later.

[richard.weiyang@gmail.com: simplify zone_intersects()]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616092335.5177-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
[richard.weiyang@gmail.com: remove duplicate call for set_page_links]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616092335.5177-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unused local `i']
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-12-mhocko@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NWei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com>
Tested-by: NDan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Tested-by: NReza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> # For s390 bits
Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Device memory hotplug hooks into regular memory hotplug only half way.
It needs memory sections to track struct pages but there is no
need/desire to associate those sections with memory blocks and export
them to the userspace via sysfs because they cannot be onlined anyway.

This is currently expressed by for_device argument to arch_add_memory
which then makes sure to associate the given memory range with
ZONE_DEVICE.  register_new_memory then relies on is_zone_device_section
to distinguish special memory hotplug from the regular one.  While this
works now, later patches in this series want to move __add_zone outside
of arch_add_memory path so we have to come up with something else.

Add want_memblock down the __add_pages path and use it to control
whether the section->memblock association should be done.
arch_add_memory then just trivially want memblock for everything but
for_device hotplug.

remove_memory_section doesn't need is_zone_device_section either.  We
can simply skip all the memblock specific cleanup if there is no
memblock for the given section.

This shouldn't introduce any functional change.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515085827.16474-5-mhocko@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Tested-by: NDan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <imammedo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tobias Regnery <tobias.regnery@gmail.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "THP swap: Delay splitting THP during swapping out", v11.

This patchset is to optimize the performance of Transparent Huge Page
(THP) swap.

Recently, the performance of the storage devices improved so fast that
we cannot saturate the disk bandwidth with single logical CPU when do
page swap out even on a high-end server machine.  Because the
performance of the storage device improved faster than that of single
logical CPU.  And it seems that the trend will not change in the near
future.  On the other hand, the THP becomes more and more popular
because of increased memory size.  So it becomes necessary to optimize
THP swap performance.

The advantages of the THP swap support include:

 - Batch the swap operations for the THP to reduce lock
   acquiring/releasing, including allocating/freeing the swap space,
   adding/deleting to/from the swap cache, and writing/reading the swap
   space, etc. This will help improve the performance of the THP swap.

 - The THP swap space read/write will be 2M sequential IO. It is
   particularly helpful for the swap read, which are usually 4k random
   IO. This will improve the performance of the THP swap too.

 - It will help the memory fragmentation, especially when the THP is
   heavily used by the applications. The 2M continuous pages will be
   free up after THP swapping out.

 - It will improve the THP utilization on the system with the swap
   turned on. Because the speed for khugepaged to collapse the normal
   pages into the THP is quite slow. After the THP is split during the
   swapping out, it will take quite long time for the normal pages to
   collapse back into the THP after being swapped in. The high THP
   utilization helps the efficiency of the page based memory management
   too.

There are some concerns regarding THP swap in, mainly because possible
enlarged read/write IO size (for swap in/out) may put more overhead on
the storage device.  To deal with that, the THP swap in should be turned
on only when necessary.  For example, it can be selected via
"always/never/madvise" logic, to be turned on globally, turned off
globally, or turned on only for VMA with MADV_HUGEPAGE, etc.

This patchset is the first step for the THP swap support.  The plan is
to delay splitting THP step by step, finally avoid splitting THP during
the THP swapping out and swap out/in the THP as a whole.

As the first step, in this patchset, the splitting huge page is delayed
from almost the first step of swapping out to after allocating the swap
space for the THP and adding the THP into the swap cache.  This will
reduce lock acquiring/releasing for the locks used for the swap cache
management.

With the patchset, the swap out throughput improves 15.5% (from about
3.73GB/s to about 4.31GB/s) in the vm-scalability swap-w-seq test case
with 8 processes.  The test is done on a Xeon E5 v3 system.  The swap
device used is a RAM simulated PMEM (persistent memory) device.  To test
the sequential swapping out, the test case creates 8 processes, which
sequentially allocate and write to the anonymous pages until the RAM and
part of the swap device is used up.

This patch (of 5):

In this patch, splitting huge page is delayed from almost the first step
of swapping out to after allocating the swap space for the THP
(Transparent Huge Page) and adding the THP into the swap cache.  This
will batch the corresponding operation, thus improve THP swap out
throughput.

This is the first step for the THP swap optimization.  The plan is to
delay splitting the THP step by step and avoid splitting the THP
finally.

In this patch, one swap cluster is used to hold the contents of each THP
swapped out.  So, the size of the swap cluster is changed to that of the
THP (Transparent Huge Page) on x86_64 architecture (512).  For other
architectures which want such THP swap optimization,
ARCH_USES_THP_SWAP_CLUSTER needs to be selected in the Kconfig file for
the architecture.  In effect, this will enlarge swap cluster size by 2
times on x86_64.  Which may make it harder to find a free cluster when
the swap space becomes fragmented.  So that, this may reduce the
continuous swap space allocation and sequential write in theory.  The
performance test in 0day shows no regressions caused by this.

In the future of THP swap optimization, some information of the swapped
out THP (such as compound map count) will be recorded in the
swap_cluster_info data structure.

The mem cgroup swap accounting functions are enhanced to support charge
or uncharge a swap cluster backing a THP as a whole.

The swap cluster allocate/free functions are added to allocate/free a
swap cluster for a THP.  A fair simple algorithm is used for swap
cluster allocation, that is, only the first swap device in priority list
will be tried to allocate the swap cluster.  The function will fail if
the trying is not successful, and the caller will fallback to allocate a
single swap slot instead.  This works good enough for normal cases.  If
the difference of the number of the free swap clusters among multiple
swap devices is significant, it is possible that some THPs are split
earlier than necessary.  For example, this could be caused by big size
difference among multiple swap devices.

The swap cache functions is enhanced to support add/delete THP to/from
the swap cache as a set of (HPAGE_PMD_NR) sub-pages.  This may be
enhanced in the future with multi-order radix tree.  But because we will
split the THP soon during swapping out, that optimization doesn't make
much sense for this first step.

The THP splitting functions are enhanced to support to split THP in swap
cache during swapping out.  The page lock will be held during allocating
the swap cluster, adding the THP into the swap cache and splitting the
THP.  So in the code path other than swapping out, if the THP need to be
split, the PageSwapCache(THP) will be always false.

The swap cluster is only available for SSD, so the THP swap optimization
in this patchset has no effect for HDD.

[ying.huang@intel.com: fix two issues in THP optimize patch]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87k25ed8zo.fsf@yhuang-dev.intel.com
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: extensive cleanups and simplifications, reduce code size]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-2-ying.huang@intel.comSigned-off-by: N"Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> [for config option]
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> [for changes in huge_memory.c and huge_mm.h]
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add a default ioremap function which was not provided in all
circumstances.  (Only when CONFIG_PCI and CONFIG_TILEGX was set).

I have designs to use them in scatterlist.c where they'd likely never be
called with this architecture, but it is needed to compile.  Thus, if
the function is ever hit it returns NULL.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1495726904-27380-1-git-send-email-logang@deltatee.comSigned-off-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Bates <sbates@raithlin.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The mn10300 arch uses a verbatim copy of the asm-generic version and
does not add any own implementations to the header, so use
asm-generic/fb.h instead of duplicating code.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170517083348.1815-1-tklauser@distanz.chSigned-off-by: NTobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

mn10300's asm/device.h is merely including asm-generic/device.h.  Thus,
the arch specific header can be omitted and the generic header can be
used directly.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170517124857.26834-1-tklauser@distanz.chSigned-off-by: NTobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

include/linux/i2c is not for client devices. Move the header file to a
more appropriate location.
Signed-off-by: NWolfram Sang <wsa@the-dreams.de>
Acked-by: NDaniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NBartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <b.zolnierkie@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NLee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>

include/linux/i2c is not for client devices.

Move the header file to a more appropriate location.
Signed-off-by: NWolfram Sang <wsa@the-dreams.de>
Acked-by: NDaniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NMichael Hennerich <michael.hennerich@analog.com>
Signed-off-by: NLee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org>

DMA_ERROR_CODE already went away in linux-next, but parisc unfortunately
added a new instance of it without any review as far as I can tell.

Move the two iommu drivers to report errors through ->mapping_error.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NHelge Deller <deller@gmx.de>

Add the real e820_tabel_firmware[] that will not be modified by the kernel
or the EFI boot stub under any circumstance.

In addition to that modify the code so that e820_table_firmwarep[] is
exposed via sysfs to represent the real firmware memory layout,
rather than exposing the e820_table_kexec[] table.

This fixes a hibernation bug/warning, which uses e820_table_kexec[] to check
RAM layout consistency across hibernation/resume:

  The suspend kernel:
  [    0.000000] e820: update [mem 0x76671018-0x76679457] usable ==> usable

  The resume kernel:
  [    0.000000] e820: update [mem 0x7666f018-0x76677457] usable ==> usable
  ...
  [   15.752088] PM: Using 3 thread(s) for decompression.
  [   15.752088] PM: Loading and decompressing image data (471870 pages)...
  [   15.764971] Hibernate inconsistent memory map detected!
  [   15.770833] PM: Image mismatch: architecture specific data

Actually it is safe to restore these pages because E820_TYPE_RAM and
E820_TYPE_RESERVED_KERN are treated the same during hibernation, so
the original e820 table provided by the bootloader is used for
hibernation MD5 fingerprint checking.

The side effect is that, this newly introduced variable might increase the
kernel size at compile time.
Suggested-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NChen Yu <yu.c.chen@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Xunlei Pang <xlpang@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>