pidhash is no longer required as all the information can be looked up
from idr tree.  nr_hashed represented the number of pids that had been
hashed.  Since, nr_hashed and PIDNS_HASH_ADDING are no longer relevant,
it has been renamed to pid_allocated and PIDNS_ADDING respectively.

[gs051095@gmail.com: v6]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507760379-21662-3-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507583624-22146-3-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NGargi Sharma <gs051095@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>	[ia64]
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Replacing PID bitmap implementation with IDR API", v4.

This series replaces kernel bitmap implementation of PID allocation with
IDR API.  These patches are written to simplify the kernel by replacing
custom code with calls to generic code.

The following are the stats for pid and pid_namespace object files
before and after the replacement.  There is a noteworthy change between
the IDR and bitmap implementation.

Before
   text       data        bss        dec        hex    filename
   8447       3894         64      12405       3075    kernel/pid.o
After
   text       data        bss        dec        hex    filename
   3397        304          0       3701        e75    kernel/pid.o

Before
   text       data        bss        dec        hex    filename
   5692       1842        192       7726       1e2e    kernel/pid_namespace.o
After
   text       data        bss        dec        hex    filename
   2854        216         16       3086        c0e    kernel/pid_namespace.o

The following are the stats for ps, pstree and calling readdir on /proc
for 10,000 processes.

ps:
        With IDR API    With bitmap
real    0m1.479s        0m2.319s
user    0m0.070s        0m0.060s
sys     0m0.289s        0m0.516s

pstree:
        With IDR API    With bitmap
real    0m1.024s        0m1.794s
user    0m0.348s        0m0.612s
sys     0m0.184s        0m0.264s

proc:
        With IDR API    With bitmap
real    0m0.059s        0m0.074s
user    0m0.000s        0m0.004s
sys     0m0.016s        0m0.016s

This patch (of 2):

Replace the current bitmap implementation for Process ID allocation.
Functions that are no longer required, for example, free_pidmap(),
alloc_pidmap(), etc.  are removed.  The rest of the functions are
modified to use the IDR API.  The change was made to make the PID
allocation less complex by replacing custom code with calls to generic
API.

[gs051095@gmail.com: v6]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507760379-21662-2-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.com
[avagin@openvz.org: restore the old behaviour of the ns_last_pid sysctl]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171106183144.16368-1-avagin@openvz.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507583624-22146-2-git-send-email-gs051095@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NGargi Sharma <gs051095@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <ktkhai@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove unnecessary else block, remove redundant return and call to kfree
in if block.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1510238435-1655-1-git-send-email-mail@okal.noSigned-off-by: NOla N. Kaldestad <mail@okal.no>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAKW4uUyCi=PnKf3epgFVz8z=1tMtHSOHNm+fdNxrNw3-THvRCA@mail.gmail.comSigned-off-by: NKangmin Park <l4stpr0gr4m@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <trivial@kernel.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In case of error, 'dma_map_sg()' returns 0, not a negative value.  There
is BUG_ON() in 'dma_map_sg_attrs()' which makes sure of that.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/d4235bd2b9274e99f6c86ea71b1fa1c7bd8d0c08.1505687047.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.frSigned-off-by: NChristophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Reviewed-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Cc: Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Alexandre Bounine <alexandre.bounine@idt.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Christian K_nig <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

drivers/rapidio/devices/rio_mport_cdev.c: fix resource leak in error handling path in 'rio_dma_transfer()'

If 'dma_map_sg()', we should branch to the existing error handling path
to free some resources before returning.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/61292a4f369229eee03394247385e955027283f8.1505687047.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.frSigned-off-by: NChristophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Reviewed-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Cc: Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Alexandre Bounine <alexandre.bounine@idt.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Christian K_nig <christian.koenig@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

rio_device_id are not supposed to change at runtime.  rio driver is
working with const 'id_table'.  So mark the non-const rio_device_id
structs as const.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1503734627-6058-2-git-send-email-arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1503734627-6058-3-git-send-email-arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1503734627-6058-4-git-send-email-arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1503734627-6058-5-git-send-email-arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1503734627-6058-6-git-send-email-arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NArvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NAlexandre Bounine <alexandre.bounine@idt.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

parse_crashkernel_mem() silently returns if we get zero bytes in the
parsing function.  It is useful for debugging to add a message,
especially if the kernel cannot boot correctly.

Add a pr_info instead of pr_warn because it is expected behavior for
size = 0, eg.  crashkernel=2G-4G:128M, size will be 0 in case system
memory is less than 2G.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171114080129.GA6115@dhcp-128-65.nay.redhat.comSigned-off-by: NDave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Bhupesh Sharma <bhsharma@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

complete_signal() checks SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE before it starts to destroy
the thread group, today this is wrong in many ways.

If nothing else, fatal_signal_pending() should always imply that the
whole thread group (except ->group_exit_task if it is not NULL) is
killed, this check breaks the rule.

After the previous changes we can rely on sig_task_ignored();
sig_fatal(sig) && SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE can only be true if we actually want
to kill this task and sig == SIGKILL OR it is traced and debugger can
intercept the signal.

This should hopefully fix the problem reported by Dmitry.  This
test-case

	static int init(void *arg)
	{
		for (;;)
			pause();
	}

	int main(void)
	{
		char stack[16 * 1024];

		for (;;) {
			int pid = clone(init, stack + sizeof(stack)/2,
					CLONE_NEWPID | SIGCHLD, NULL);
			assert(pid > 0);

			assert(ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0) == 0);
			assert(waitpid(-1, NULL, WSTOPPED) == pid);

			assert(ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, 0, SIGSTOP) == 0);
			assert(syscall(__NR_tkill, pid, SIGKILL) == 0);
			assert(pid == wait(NULL));
		}
	}

triggers the WARN_ON_ONCE(!(task->jobctl & JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING)) in
task_participate_group_stop().  do_signal_stop()->signal_group_exit()
checks SIGNAL_GROUP_EXIT and return false, but task_set_jobctl_pending()
checks fatal_signal_pending() and does not set JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING.

And his should fix the minor security problem reported by Kyle,
SECCOMP_RET_TRACE can miss fatal_signal_pending() the same way if the
task is the root of a pid namespace.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171103184246.GD21036@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reported-by: NDmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reported-by: NKyle Huey <me@kylehuey.com>
Reviewed-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Tested-by: NKyle Huey <me@kylehuey.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Change sig_task_ignored() to drop the SIG_DFL && !sig_kernel_only()
signals even if force == T.  This simplifies the next change and this
matches the same check in get_signal() which will drop these signals
anyway.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171103184227.GC21036@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NKyle Huey <me@kylehuey.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The comment in sig_ignored() says "Tracers may want to know about even
ignored signals" but SIGKILL can not be reported to debugger and it is
just wrong to return 0 in this case: SIGKILL should only kill the
SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE task if it comes from the parent ns.

Change sig_ignored() to ignore ->ptrace if sig == SIGKILL and rely on
sig_task_ignored().

SISGTOP coming from within the namespace is not really right too but at
least debugger can intercept it, and we can't drop it here because this
will break "gdb -p 1": ptrace_attach() won't work.  Perhaps we will add
another ->ptrace check later, we will see.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171103184206.GB21036@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NKyle Huey <me@kylehuey.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The variable slots is being assigned a value of zero that is never read,
slots is being updated again a few lines later.  Remove this redundant
assignment.

Cleans clang warning: Value stored to 'slots' is never read

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171017140258.22536-1-colin.king@canonical.comSigned-off-by: NColin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Acked-by: NOGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Delete variables 'tree' and 'sb', which are set but never used.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507977146-15875-1-git-send-email-chris.gekas@gmail.comSigned-off-by: NChristos Gkekas <chris.gekas@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It's never used in nilfs2.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1510064486-1728-2-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jpSigned-off-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Replace S_IRWXUGO with 0777 because symbolic permissions are considered
harmful:

 https://lwn.net/Articles/696229/

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509367935-3086-5-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jpSigned-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix the following checkpatch warning:

 WARNING: Block comments should align the * on each line
 #633: FILE: sufile.c:633:
 +/**
 +  * nilfs_sufile_truncate_range - truncate range of segment array

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509367935-3086-4-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jpSigned-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

atomic_t variables are currently used to implement reference counters
with the following properties:

 - counter is initialized to 1 using atomic_set()
 - a resource is freed upon counter reaching zero
 - once counter reaches zero, its further
   increments aren't allowed
 - counter schema uses basic atomic operations
   (set, inc, inc_not_zero, dec_and_test, etc.)

Such atomic variables should be converted to a newly provided refcount_t
type and API that prevents accidental counter overflows and underflows.
This is important since overflows and underflows can lead to
use-after-free situation and be exploitable.

The variable nilfs_root.count is used as pure reference counter.
Convert it to refcount_t and fix up the operations.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509367935-3086-3-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jpSigned-off-by: NElena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Suggested-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Windsor <dwindsor@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NHans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There is a race condition between nilfs_dirty_inode() and
nilfs_set_file_dirty().

When a file is opened, nilfs_dirty_inode() is called to update the
access timestamp in the inode.  It calls __nilfs_mark_inode_dirty() in a
separate transaction.  __nilfs_mark_inode_dirty() caches the ifile
buffer_head in the i_bh field of the inode info structure and marks it
as dirty.

After some data was written to the file in another transaction, the
function nilfs_set_file_dirty() is called, which adds the inode to the
ns_dirty_files list.

Then the segment construction calls nilfs_segctor_collect_dirty_files(),
which goes through the ns_dirty_files list and checks the i_bh field.
If there is a cached buffer_head in i_bh it is not marked as dirty
again.

Since nilfs_dirty_inode() and nilfs_set_file_dirty() use separate
transactions, it is possible that a segment construction that writes out
the ifile occurs in-between the two.  If this happens the inode is not
on the ns_dirty_files list, but its ifile block is still marked as dirty
and written out.

In the next segment construction, the data for the file is written out
and nilfs_bmap_propagate() updates the b-tree.  Eventually the bmap root
is written into the i_bh block, which is not dirty, because it was
written out in another segment construction.

As a result the bmap update can be lost, which leads to file system
corruption.  Either the virtual block address points to an unallocated
DAT block, or the DAT entry will be reused for something different.

The error can remain undetected for a long time.  A typical error
message would be one of the "bad btree" errors or a warning that a DAT
entry could not be found.

This bug can be reproduced reliably by a simple benchmark that creates
and overwrites millions of 4k files.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509367935-3086-2-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jpSigned-off-by: NAndreas Rohner <andreas.rohner@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Tested-by: NAndreas Rohner <andreas.rohner@gmx.net>
Tested-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In preparation for unconditionally passing the struct timer_list pointer
to all timer callbacks, switch to using the new timer_setup() and
from_timer() to pass the timer pointer explicitly.  This requires adding
a pointer to hold the timer's target task, as the lifetime of sc_task
doesn't appear to match the timer's task.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171016235900.GA102729@beastSigned-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: NRyusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Mikulas noticed in the existing do_proc_douintvec_minmax_conv() and
do_proc_dopipe_max_size_conv() introduced in this patchset, that they
inconsistently handle overflow and min/max range inputs:

For example:

  0 ... param->min - 1 ---> ERANGE
  param->min ... param->max ---> the value is accepted
  param->max + 1 ... 0x100000000L + param->min - 1 ---> ERANGE
  0x100000000L + param->min ... 0x100000000L + param->max ---> EINVAL
  0x100000000L + param->max + 1, 0x200000000L + param->min - 1 ---> ERANGE
  0x200000000L + param->min ... 0x200000000L + param->max ---> EINVAL
  0x200000000L + param->max + 1, 0x300000000L + param->min - 1 ---> ERANGE

In do_proc_do*() routines which store values into unsigned int variables
(4 bytes wide for 64-bit builds), first validate that the input unsigned
long value (8 bytes wide for 64-bit builds) will fit inside the smaller
unsigned int variable.  Then check that the unsigned int value falls
inside the specified parameter min, max range.  Otherwise the unsigned
long -> unsigned int conversion drops leading bits from the input value,
leading to the inconsistent pattern Mikulas documented above.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507658689-11669-5-git-send-email-joe.lawrence@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
Reported-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

pipe_max_size is assigned directly via procfs sysctl:

  static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = {
          ...
          {
                  .procname       = "pipe-max-size",
                  .data           = &pipe_max_size,
                  .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                  .mode           = 0644,
                  .proc_handler   = &pipe_proc_fn,
                  .extra1         = &pipe_min_size,
          },
          ...

  int pipe_proc_fn(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buf,
                   size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
  {
          ...
          ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buf, lenp, ppos)
          ...

and then later rounded in-place a few statements later:

          ...
          pipe_max_size = round_pipe_size(pipe_max_size);
          ...

This leaves a window of time between initial assignment and rounding
that may be visible to other threads.  (For example, one thread sets a
non-rounded value to pipe_max_size while another reads its value.)

Similar reads of pipe_max_size are potentially racy:

  pipe.c :: alloc_pipe_info()
  pipe.c :: pipe_set_size()

Add a new proc_dopipe_max_size() that consolidates reading the new value
from the user buffer, verifying bounds, and calling round_pipe_size()
with a single assignment to pipe_max_size.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507658689-11669-4-git-send-email-joe.lawrence@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
Reported-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

round_pipe_size() contains a right-bit-shift expression which may
overflow, which would cause undefined results in a subsequent
roundup_pow_of_two() call.

  static inline unsigned int round_pipe_size(unsigned int size)
  {
          unsigned long nr_pages;

          nr_pages = (size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
          return roundup_pow_of_two(nr_pages) << PAGE_SHIFT;
  }

PAGE_SIZE is defined as (1UL << PAGE_SHIFT), so:
  - 4 bytes wide on 32-bit (0 to 0xffffffff)
  - 8 bytes wide on 64-bit (0 to 0xffffffffffffffff)

That means that 32-bit round_pipe_size(), nr_pages may overflow to 0:

  size=0x00000000    nr_pages=0x0
  size=0x00000001    nr_pages=0x1
  size=0xfffff000    nr_pages=0xfffff
  size=0xfffff001    nr_pages=0x0         << !
  size=0xffffffff    nr_pages=0x0         << !

This is bad because roundup_pow_of_two(n) is undefined when n == 0!

64-bit is not a problem as the unsigned int size is 4 bytes wide
(similar to 32-bit) and the larger, 8 byte wide unsigned long, is
sufficient to handle the largest value of the bit shift expression:

  size=0xffffffff    nr_pages=100000

Modify round_pipe_size() to return 0 if n == 0 and updates its callers to
handle accordingly.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507658689-11669-3-git-send-email-joe.lawrence@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
Reported-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "A few round_pipe_size() and pipe-max-size fixups", v3.

While backporting Michael's "pipe: fix limit handling" patchset to a
distro-kernel, Mikulas noticed that current upstream pipe limit handling
contains a few problems:

  1 - procfs signed wrap: echo'ing a large number into
      /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size and then cat'ing it back out shows a
      negative value.

  2 - round_pipe_size() nr_pages overflow on 32bit:  this would
      subsequently try roundup_pow_of_two(0), which is undefined.

  3 - visible non-rounded pipe-max-size value: there is no mutual
      exclusion or protection between the time pipe_max_size is assigned
      a raw value from proc_dointvec_minmax() and when it is rounded.

  4 - unsigned long -> unsigned int conversion makes for potential odd
      return errors from do_proc_douintvec_minmax_conv() and
      do_proc_dopipe_max_size_conv().

This version underwent the same testing as v1:
https://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=150643571406022&w=2

This patch (of 4):

pipe_max_size is defined as an unsigned int:

  unsigned int pipe_max_size = 1048576;

but its procfs/sysctl representation is an integer:

  static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = {
          ...
          {
                  .procname       = "pipe-max-size",
                  .data           = &pipe_max_size,
                  .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                  .mode           = 0644,
                  .proc_handler   = &pipe_proc_fn,
                  .extra1         = &pipe_min_size,
          },
          ...

that is signed:

  int pipe_proc_fn(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buf,
                   size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
  {
          ...
          ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buf, lenp, ppos)

This leads to signed results via procfs for large values of pipe_max_size:

  % echo 2147483647 >/proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
  % cat /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
  -2147483648

Use unsigned operations on this variable to avoid such negative values.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507658689-11669-2-git-send-email-joe.lawrence@redhat.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
Reported-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently if the autofs kernel module gets an error when writing to the
pipe which links to the daemon, then it marks the whole moutpoint as
catatonic, and it will stop working.

It is possible that the error is transient.  This can happen if the
daemon is slow and more than 16 requests queue up.  If a subsequent
process tries to queue a request, and is then signalled, the write to
the pipe will return -ERESTARTSYS and autofs will take that as total
failure.

So change the code to assess -ERESTARTSYS and -ENOMEM as transient
failures which only abort the current request, not the whole mountpoint.

It isn't a crash or a data corruption, but having autofs mountpoints
suddenly stop working is rather inconvenient.

Ian said:

: And given the problems with a half dozen (or so) user space applications
: consuming large amounts of CPU under heavy mount and umount activity this
: could happen more easily than we expect.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87y3norvgp.fsf@notabene.neil.brown.nameSigned-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Acked-by: NIan Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

init/version.c has nothing to do with modules, so remove the
<linux/modude.h>.

Instead, include <linux/export.h> for EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL.

This cuts off a lot of unnecessary header parsing.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1505920984-8523-1-git-send-email-yamada.masahiro@socionext.comSigned-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The use of ep_call_nested() in ep_eventpoll_poll(), which is the .poll
routine for an epoll fd, is used to prevent excessively deep epoll
nesting, and to prevent circular paths.

However, we are already preventing these conditions during
EPOLL_CTL_ADD.  In terms of too deep epoll chains, we do in fact allow
deep nesting of the epoll fds themselves (deeper than EP_MAX_NESTS),
however we don't allow more than EP_MAX_NESTS when an epoll file
descriptor is actually connected to a wakeup source.  Thus, we do not
require the use of ep_call_nested(), since ep_eventpoll_poll(), which is
called via ep_scan_ready_list() only continues nesting if there are
events available.

Since ep_call_nested() is implemented using a global lock, applications
that make use of nested epoll can see large performance improvements
with this change.

Davidlohr said:

: Improvements are quite obscene actually, such as for the following
: epoll_wait() benchmark with 2 level nesting on a 80 core IvyBridge:
:
: ncpus  vanilla     dirty     delta
: 1      2447092     3028315   +23.75%
: 4      231265      2986954   +1191.57%
: 8      121631      2898796   +2283.27%
: 16     59749       2902056   +4757.07%
: 32     26837	     2326314   +8568.30%
: 64     12926       1341281   +10276.61%
:
: (http://linux-scalability.org/epoll/epoll-test.c)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509430214-5599-1-git-send-email-jbaron@akamai.comSigned-off-by: NJason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Salman Qazi <sqazi@google.com>
Cc: Hou Tao <houtao1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ep_poll_safewake() is used to wakeup potentially nested epoll file
descriptors.  The function uses ep_call_nested() to prevent entering the
same wake up queue more than once, and to prevent excessively deep
wakeup paths (deeper than EP_MAX_NESTS).  However, this is not necessary
since we are already preventing these conditions during EPOLL_CTL_ADD.
This saves extra function calls, and avoids taking a global lock during
the ep_call_nested() calls.

I have, however, left ep_call_nested() for the CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
case, since ep_call_nested() keeps track of the nesting level, and this
is required by the call to spin_lock_irqsave_nested().  It would be nice
to remove the ep_call_nested() calls for the CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
case as well, however its not clear how to simply pass the nesting level
through multiple wake_up() levels without more surgery.  In any case, I
don't think CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC is generally used for production.
This patch, also apparently fixes a workload at Google that Salman Qazi
reported by completely removing the poll_safewake_ncalls->lock from
wakeup paths.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507920533-8812-1-git-send-email-jbaron@akamai.comSigned-off-by: NJason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Acked-by: NDavidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Salman Qazi <sqazi@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A userspace application can directly trigger the allocations from
eventpoll_epi and eventpoll_pwq slabs.  A buggy or malicious application
can consume a significant amount of system memory by triggering such
allocations.  Indeed we have seen in production where a buggy
application was leaking the epoll references and causing a burst of
eventpoll_epi and eventpoll_pwq slab allocations.  This patch opt-in the
charging of eventpoll_epi and eventpoll_pwq slabs.

There is a per-user limit (~4% of total memory if no highmem) on these
caches.  I think it is too generous particularly in the scenario where
jobs of multiple users are running on the system and the administrator
is reducing cost by overcomitting the memory.  This is unaccounted
kernel memory and will not be considered by the oom-killer.  I think by
accounting it to kmemcg, for systems with kmem accounting enabled, we
can provide better isolation between jobs of different users.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171003021519.23907-1-shakeelb@google.comSigned-off-by: NShakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Acked-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

checkpatch.pl does not check missing blank line before module_*_driver.
I want it to behave likewise for builtin_*_driver.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1505700081-12854-1-git-send-email-yamada.masahiro@socionext.comSigned-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Lines that end in an open bracket or open parenthesis are generally hard
to follow.  Lines following those ending with open parenthesis are also
rarely aligned to that open parenthesis.

Suggest not ending lines with '[' or '('

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8fd0b2b4a7482064254e37931eb9302a81d5aa2f.1508340786.git.joe@perches.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Suggested-by: NVivien Didelot <vivien.didelot@savoirfairelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

So the line length check can be bypassed by its callers.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/7de542c08a6e79f2ebe7c1416c9f403c23fdcc09.1508282823.git.joe@perches.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reported-by: NSong Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Tested-by: NSong Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Some of the definitions are very long and can't be split into multiple
lines because ctags is limited.

Exempt these lines from the line length checks.

See commit 25528213 ("tags: Fix DEFINE_PER_CPU expansions") for more
details.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508170320.6530.15.camel@perches.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: NMark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There was code in checkpatch that allowed continuation printks to be
used without KERN_CONT.  Remove the continuation check and always
require a KERN_<LEVEL>.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/61980ef41d5b9b6543da1c49055042e0ab74d308.1507047008.git.joe@perches.comSigned-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

void foo(int a)
	switch (a) {
	case 'h':
		fun1();
		exit(1);
	default:
}

creates a warning "Possible switch case/default not preceded by break or
fallthrough comment".

exit( should be treated like return.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170910154618.25819-1-xypron.glpk@gmx.deSigned-off-by: NHeinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Acked-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Current unnamed function definition argument does not include function
pointer cases and it reports something like:

  WARNING: function definition argument 'void' should also have an identifier name
  +unsigned int (*dummy)(void);

Support function pointers for unnamed function arguments

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1505389925-31087-1-git-send-email-miles.chen@mediatek.comSigned-off-by: NMiles Chen <miles.chen@mediatek.com>
Acked-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

find_bit functions are widely used in the kernel, including hot paths.
This module tests performance of those functions in 2 typical scenarios:
randomly filled bitmap with relatively equal distribution of set and
cleared bits, and sparse bitmap which has 1 set bit for 500 cleared
bits.

On ThunderX machine:

	 Start testing find_bit() with random-filled bitmap
	find_next_bit:          240043 cycles,  164062 iterations
	find_next_zero_bit:     312848 cycles,  163619 iterations
	find_last_bit:          193748 cycles,  164062 iterations
	find_first_bit:      177720874 cycles,  164062 iterations

	 Start testing find_bit() with sparse bitmap
	find_next_bit:            3633 cycles,     656 iterations
	find_next_zero_bit:     620399 cycles,  327025 iterations
	find_last_bit:            3038 cycles,     656 iterations
	find_first_bit:         691407 cycles,     656 iterations

[arnd@arndb.de: use correct format string for find-bit tests]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171113135605.3166307-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171109140714.13168-1-ynorov@caviumnetworks.comSigned-off-by: NYury Norov <ynorov@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: NClement Courbet <courbet@google.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fengguang reported soft lockups while running the rbtree and interval
tree test modules.  The logic for these tests all occur in init phase,
and we currently are pounding with the default values for number of
nodes and number of iterations of each test.  Reduce the latter by two
orders of magnitude.  This does not influence the value of the tests in
that one thousand times by default is enough to get the picture.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171109161715.xai2dtwqw2frhkcm@linux-n805Signed-off-by: NDavidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Reported-by: NFengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The uniform structure filter_arg sets its union based on the difference
of enum filter_arg_type, However, some functions use implicit type
conversion obviously.

warning: implicit conversion from enumeration type 'enum filter_exp_type'
	 to different enumeration type 'enum filter_op_type'

warning: implicit conversion from enumeration type 'enum filter_cmp_type'
	 to different enumeration type 'enum filter_exp_type'

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509938415-113825-1-git-send-email-cj.chengjian@huawei.comSigned-off-by: NCheng Jian <cj.chengjian@huawei.com>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Cc: Li Bin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (Red Hat) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Don't leak idle function address in NMI backtrace.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171106165648.GA95243@sofiaSigned-off-by: NLiu Changcheng <changcheng.liu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NPetr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: NJosh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

If the amount of resources allocated to a gen_pool exceeds 2^32 then the
avail atomic overflows and this causes problems when clients try and
borrow resources from the pool.  This is only expected to be an issue on
64 bit systems.

Add the <linux/atomic.h> header to pull in atomic_long* operations.  So
that 32 bit systems continue to use atomic32_t but 64 bit systems can
use atomic64_t.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509033843-25667-1-git-send-email-sbates@raithlin.comSigned-off-by: NStephen Bates <sbates@raithlin.com>
Reviewed-by: NLogan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Reviewed-by: NMathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Reviewed-by: NDaniel Mentz <danielmentz@google.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>