This patch provides performance tuning for the "Bulldozer" CPU. With its
shared instruction cache there is a chance of generating an excessive
number of cache cross-invalidates when running specific workloads on the
cores of a compute module.

This excessive amount of cross-invalidations can be observed if cache
lines backed by shared physical memory alias in bits [14:12] of their
virtual addresses, as those bits are used for the index generation.

This patch addresses the issue by clearing all the bits in the [14:12]
slice of the file mapping's virtual address at generation time, thus
forcing those bits the same for all mappings of a single shared library
across processes and, in doing so, avoids instruction cache aliases.

It also adds the command line option "align_va_addr=(32|64|on|off)" with
which virtual address alignment can be enabled for 32-bit or 64-bit x86
individually, or both, or be completely disabled.

This change leaves virtual region address allocation on other families
and/or vendors unaffected.
Signed-off-by: NBorislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@amd.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1312550110-24160-2-git-send-email-bp@amd64.orgSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Variables that are shared between the vdso and the kernel are
currently a bit of a mess.  They are each defined with their own
magic, they are accessed differently in the kernel, the vsyscall page,
and the vdso, and one of them (vsyscall_clock) doesn't even really
exist.

This changes them all to use a common mechanism.  All of them are
delcared in vvar.h with a fixed address (validated by the linker
script).  In the kernel (as before), they look like ordinary
read-write variables.  In the vsyscall page and the vdso, they are
accessed through a new macro VVAR, which gives read-only access.

The vdso is now loaded verbatim into memory without any fixups.  As a
side bonus, access from the vdso is faster because a level of
indirection is removed.

While we're at it, pack jiffies and vgetcpu_mode into the same
cacheline.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Lutomirski <luto@mit.edu>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/%3C7357882fbb51fa30491636a7b6528747301b7ee9.1306156808.git.luto%40mit.edu%3ESigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

We mapped vdso pages but never unmapped them and the virtual address
is lost after exiting from the function, so unmap vdso pages here.
Signed-off-by: NShaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <20100802004934.GA2505@sli10-desk.sh.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

When initrd is in use and a driver does request_module() in its
module_init (i.e. __initcall or device_initcall), a modprobe process
is created with VDSO mapping. But VDSO is inited even in __initcall,
i.e. on the same level (at the same time), so it may not be inited
yet (link order matters).

Move the VDSO initialization code earlier by switching to something
before rootfs_initcall where initrd is loaded as rootfs. Specifically
to subsys_initcall. Do it for standard 64-bit path (init_vdso_vars)
and for compat (sysenter_setup), just in case people have 32-bit
initrd and ia32 emulation built-in.

i386 (pure 32-bit) is not affected, since sysenter_setup() is called
from check_bugs()->identify_boot_cpu() in start_kernel() before
rest_init()->kernel_thread(kernel_init) where even kernel_init() calls
do_basic_setup()->do_initcalls().

What this patch fixes are early modprobe crashes such as:
Unpacking initramfs...
Freeing initrd memory: 9324k freed
modprobe[368]: segfault at 7fff4429c020 ip 00007fef397e160c \
    sp 00007fff442795c0 error 4 in ld-2.11.2.so[7fef397df000+1f000]
Signed-off-by: NJiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
LKML-Reference: <1276720242-13365-1-git-send-email-jslaby@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h

percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files.  percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.

percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed.  Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability.  As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.

  http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py

The script does the followings.

* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
  only the necessary includes are there.  ie. if only gfp is used,
  gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.

* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
  blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
  to its surrounding.  It's put in the include block which contains
  core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
  alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
  doesn't seem to be any matching order.

* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
  because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
  an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
  file.

The conversion was done in the following steps.

1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
   over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
   and ~3000 slab.h inclusions.  The script emitted errors for ~400
   files.

2. Each error was manually checked.  Some didn't need the inclusion,
   some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
   embedding .c file was more appropriate for others.  This step added
   inclusions to around 150 files.

3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
   from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.

4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
   e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
   APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.

5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
   editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
   files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell.  Most gfp.h
   inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
   wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros.  Each
   slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
   necessary.

6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.

7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
   were fixed.  CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
   distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
   more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
   build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).

   * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
   * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * ia64 SMP allmodconfig
   * s390 SMP allmodconfig
   * alpha SMP allmodconfig
   * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig

8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
   a separate patch and serve as bisection point.

Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>

In order to make arch_vma_name() work from inside
install_special_mapping() we need to set the context.vdso
before calling it.

( This is needed for performance counters to be able to track
  this special executable area. )
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup, address sparse warnings

Addresses the problem pointed out by these sparse warning:
  arch/x86/vdso/vma.c:19:28: warning: symbol 'vdso_enabled' was not declared. Should it be static?
  arch/x86/vdso/vma.c:101:5: warning: symbol 'arch_setup_additional_pages' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: NJaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinderrajput@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <1239548845.4170.2.camel@localhost.localdomain>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup

Rename TASK_SIZE64 to TASK_SIZE_MAX, and provide the
define on 32-bit too. (mapped to TASK_SIZE)

This allows 32-bit code to make use of the (former-) TASK_SIZE64
symbol as well, in a clean way.

Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

arch_setup_additional_pages currently gets two arguments, the binary
format descripton and an indication if the process uses an executable
stack or not. The second argument is not used by anybody, it could
be removed without replacement.

What actually does make sense is to pass an indication if the process
uses the elf interpreter or not. The glibc code will not use anything
from the vdso if the process does not use the dynamic linker, so for
statically linked binaries the architecture backend can choose not
to map the vdso.
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

Even though it's only the difference of the two __initdata symbols
that's being calculated, modpost still doesn't like this. So rather
calculate the size once in an __init function and store it for later
use.
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>

This fixes type of "vdso_enabled" on X86_64 to match extern in asm/elf.h.
Signed-off-by: NOGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

This patch changes the kernel's references to addresses in the vDSO image
to be based on the symbols defined by vdso-syms.lds instead of the old
vdso-syms.o symbols.  This is all wrapped up in a macro defined by the new
asm-x86/vdso.h header; that's the only place in the kernel source that has
to know the details of the scheme for getting vDSO symbol values.
Signed-off-by: NRoland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Remove fs.h from mm.h. For this,
 1) Uninline vma_wants_writenotify(). It's pretty huge anyway.
 2) Add back fs.h or less bloated headers (err.h) to files that need it.

As result, on x86_64 allyesconfig, fs.h dependencies cut down from 3929 files
rebuilt down to 3444 (-12.3%).

Cross-compile tested without regressions on my two usual configs and (sigh):

alpha              arm-mx1ads        mips-bigsur          powerpc-ebony
alpha-allnoconfig  arm-neponset      mips-capcella        powerpc-g5
alpha-defconfig    arm-netwinder     mips-cobalt          powerpc-holly
alpha-up           arm-netx          mips-db1000          powerpc-iseries
arm                arm-ns9xxx        mips-db1100          powerpc-linkstation
arm-assabet        arm-omap_h2_1610  mips-db1200          powerpc-lite5200
arm-at91rm9200dk   arm-onearm        mips-db1500          powerpc-maple
arm-at91rm9200ek   arm-picotux200    mips-db1550          powerpc-mpc7448_hpc2
arm-at91sam9260ek  arm-pleb          mips-ddb5477         powerpc-mpc8272_ads
arm-at91sam9261ek  arm-pnx4008       mips-decstation      powerpc-mpc8313_rdb
arm-at91sam9263ek  arm-pxa255-idp    mips-e55             powerpc-mpc832x_mds
arm-at91sam9rlek   arm-realview      mips-emma2rh         powerpc-mpc832x_rdb
arm-ateb9200       arm-realview-smp  mips-excite          powerpc-mpc834x_itx
arm-badge4         arm-rpc           mips-fulong          powerpc-mpc834x_itxgp
arm-carmeva        arm-s3c2410       mips-ip22            powerpc-mpc834x_mds
arm-cerfcube       arm-shannon       mips-ip27            powerpc-mpc836x_mds
arm-clps7500       arm-shark         mips-ip32            powerpc-mpc8540_ads
arm-collie         arm-simpad        mips-jazz            powerpc-mpc8544_ds
arm-corgi          arm-spitz         mips-jmr3927         powerpc-mpc8560_ads
arm-csb337         arm-trizeps4      mips-malta           powerpc-mpc8568mds
arm-csb637         arm-versatile     mips-mipssim         powerpc-mpc85xx_cds
arm-ebsa110        i386              mips-mpc30x          powerpc-mpc8641_hpcn
arm-edb7211        i386-allnoconfig  mips-msp71xx         powerpc-mpc866_ads
arm-em_x270        i386-defconfig    mips-ocelot          powerpc-mpc885_ads
arm-ep93xx         i386-up           mips-pb1100          powerpc-pasemi
arm-footbridge     ia64              mips-pb1500          powerpc-pmac32
arm-fortunet       ia64-allnoconfig  mips-pb1550          powerpc-ppc64
arm-h3600          ia64-bigsur       mips-pnx8550-jbs     powerpc-prpmc2800
arm-h7201          ia64-defconfig    mips-pnx8550-stb810  powerpc-ps3
arm-h7202          ia64-gensparse    mips-qemu            powerpc-pseries
arm-hackkit        ia64-sim          mips-rbhma4200       powerpc-up
arm-integrator     ia64-sn2          mips-rbhma4500       s390
arm-iop13xx        ia64-tiger        mips-rm200           s390-allnoconfig
arm-iop32x         ia64-up           mips-sb1250-swarm    s390-defconfig
arm-iop33x         ia64-zx1          mips-sead            s390-up
arm-ixp2000        m68k              mips-tb0219          sparc
arm-ixp23xx        m68k-amiga        mips-tb0226          sparc-allnoconfig
arm-ixp4xx         m68k-apollo       mips-tb0287          sparc-defconfig
arm-jornada720     m68k-atari        mips-workpad         sparc-up
arm-kafa           m68k-bvme6000     mips-wrppmc          sparc64
arm-kb9202         m68k-hp300        mips-yosemite        sparc64-allnoconfig
arm-ks8695         m68k-mac          parisc               sparc64-defconfig
arm-lart           m68k-mvme147      parisc-allnoconfig   sparc64-up
arm-lpd270         m68k-mvme16x      parisc-defconfig     um-x86_64
arm-lpd7a400       m68k-q40          parisc-up            x86_64
arm-lpd7a404       m68k-sun3         powerpc              x86_64-allnoconfig
arm-lubbock        m68k-sun3x        powerpc-cell         x86_64-defconfig
arm-lusl7200       mips              powerpc-celleb       x86_64-up
arm-mainstone      mips-atlas        powerpc-chrp32
Signed-off-by: NAlexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This implements new vDSO for x86-64.  The concept is similar
to the existing vDSOs on i386 and PPC.  x86-64 has had static
vsyscalls before,  but these are not flexible enough anymore.

A vDSO is a ELF shared library supplied by the kernel that is mapped into
user address space.  The vDSO mapping is randomized for each process
for security reasons.

Doing this was needed for clock_gettime, because clock_gettime
always needs a syscall fallback and having one at a fixed
address would have made buffer overflow exploits too easy to write.

The vdso can be disabled with vdso=0

It currently includes a new gettimeofday implemention and optimized
clock_gettime(). The gettimeofday implementation is slightly faster
than the one in the old vsyscall.  clock_gettime is significantly faster
than the syscall for CLOCK_MONOTONIC and CLOCK_REALTIME.

The new calls are generally faster than the old vsyscall.

Advantages over the old x86-64 vsyscalls:
- Extensible
- Randomized
- Cleaner
- Easier to virtualize (the old static address range previously causes
overhead e.g. for Xen because it has to create special page tables for it)

Weak points:
- glibc support still to be written

The VM interface is partly based on Ingo Molnar's i386 version.

Includes compile fix from Joachim Deguara
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>