o User can specify max iops value of 32bit (UINT_MAX), through cgroup
  interface. If a user has specified say 4294967294 (UNIT_MAX  - 2), then
  on 32bit platform, following multiplication can overflow.

  io_allowed = (tg->iops[rw] * jiffy_elapsed_rnd)

o Explicitly cast the multiplication to 64bit and then perform division and
  then check whether result is still great then UNINT_MAX.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

o Do not convert jiffies to mili seconds as it is not required. Just work
  with jiffies and HZ.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

o Randy Dunlap reported following linux-next failure. This patch fixes it.

on i386:

blk-throttle.c:(.text+0x1abb8): undefined reference to `__udivdi3'
blk-throttle.c:(.text+0x1b1dc): undefined reference to `__udivdi3'

o bytes_per_second interface is 64bit and I was continuing to do 64 bit
  division even on 32bit platform without help of special macros/functions
  hence the failure.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Reported-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

o Currently any cgroup throttle limit changes are processed asynchronousy and
  the change does not take affect till a new bio is dispatched from same group.

o It might happen that a user sets a redicuously low limit on throttling.
  Say 1 bytes per second on reads. In such cases simple operations like mount
  a disk can wait for a very long time.

o Once bio is throttled, there is no easy way to come out of that wait even if
  user increases the read limit later.

o This patch fixes it. Now if a user changes the cgroup limits, we recalculate
  the bio dispatch time according to new limits.

o Can't take queueu lock under blkcg_lock, hence after the change I wake
  up the dispatch thread again which recalculates the time. So there are some
  variables being synchronized across two threads without lock and I had to
  make use of barriers. Hoping I have used barriers correctly. Any review of
  memory barrier code especially will help.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

o Currently all the dynamically allocated groups, except root grp is added
  to td->tg_list. This was not a problem so far but in next patch I will
  travel through td->tg_list to process any updates of limits on the group.
  If root group is not in tg_list, then root group's updates are not
  processed.

o It is better to root group also to tg_list instead of doing special
  processing for it during limit updates.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

o core logic of implementing IOPS throttling.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

o Actual implementation of throttling policy in block layer. Currently it
  implements READ and WRITE bytes per second throttling logic. IOPS throttling
  comes in later patches.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>