This is due to  commit 86839c56
"xen/block: add multi-page ring support"

When using an guest under UEFI - after the domain is destroyed
the following warning comes from blkback.

------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 95 at
/home/julien/works/linux/drivers/block/xen-blkback/xenbus.c:274
xen_blkif_deferred_free+0x1f4/0x1f8()
Modules linked in:
CPU: 2 PID: 95 Comm: kworker/2:1 Tainted: G        W       4.2.0 #85
Hardware name: APM X-Gene Mustang board (DT)
Workqueue: events xen_blkif_deferred_free
Call trace:
[<ffff8000000890a8>] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x124
[<ffff8000000891dc>] show_stack+0x10/0x1c
[<ffff8000007653bc>] dump_stack+0x78/0x98
[<ffff800000097e88>] warn_slowpath_common+0x9c/0xd4
[<ffff800000097f80>] warn_slowpath_null+0x14/0x20
[<ffff800000557a0c>] xen_blkif_deferred_free+0x1f0/0x1f8
[<ffff8000000ad020>] process_one_work+0x160/0x3b4
[<ffff8000000ad3b4>] worker_thread+0x140/0x494
[<ffff8000000b2e34>] kthread+0xd8/0xf0
---[ end trace 6f859b7883c88cdd ]---

Request allocation has been moved to connect_ring, which is called every
time blkback connects to the frontend (this can happen multiple times during
a blkback instance life cycle). On the other hand, request freeing has not
been moved, so it's only called when destroying the backend instance. Due to
this mismatch, blkback can allocate the request pool multiple times, without
freeing it.

In order to fix it, move the freeing of requests to xen_blkif_disconnect to
restore the symmetry between request allocation and freeing.
Reported-by: NJulien Grall <julien.grall@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Tested-by: NJulien Grall <julien.grall@citrix.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.2
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Extend xen/block to support multi-page ring, so that more requests can be
issued by using more than one pages as the request ring between blkfront
and backend.
As a result, the performance can get improved significantly.

We got some impressive improvements on our highend iscsi storage cluster
backend. If using 64 pages as the ring, the IOPS increased about 15 times
for the throughput testing and above doubled for the latency testing.

The reason was the limit on outstanding requests is 32 if use only one-page
ring, but in our case the iscsi lun was spread across about 100 physical
drives, 32 was really not enough to keep them busy.

Changes in v2:
 - Rebased to 4.0-rc6.
 - Document on how multi-page ring feature working to linux io/blkif.h.

Changes in v3:
 - Remove changes to linux io/blkif.h and follow the protocol defined
   in io/blkif.h of XEN tree.
 - Rebased to 4.1-rc3

Changes in v4:
 - Turn to use 'ring-page-order' and 'max-ring-page-order'.
 - A few comments from Roger.

Changes in v5:
 - Clarify with 4k granularity to comment
 - Address more comments from Roger
Signed-off-by: NBob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

This is a pre-patch for multi-page ring feature.
In connect_ring, we can know exactly how many pages are used for the shared
ring, delay pending_req allocation here so that we won't waste too much memory.
Signed-off-by: NBob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Originally Xen PV drivers only use single-page ring to pass along
information. This might limit the throughput between frontend and
backend.

The patch extends Xenbus driver to support multi-page ring, which in
general should improve throughput if ring is the bottleneck. Changes to
various frontend / backend to adapt to the new interface are also
included.

Affected Xen drivers:
* blkfront/back
* netfront/back
* pcifront/back
* scsifront/back
* vtpmfront

The interface is documented, as before, in xenbus_client.c.
Signed-off-by: NWei Liu <wei.liu2@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaul Durrant <paul.durrant@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NBob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Konrad Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>

Define pr_fmt macro with {xen-blkback: } prefix, then remove all use
of DRV_PFX in the pr sentences. Replace all DPRINTK with pr sentences,
and get rid of DPRINTK macro. It will simplify the code.

And if the pr sentences miss a \n, add it in the end. If the DPRINTK
sentences have redundant \n, remove it. It will format the code.

These all make the readability of the code become better.
Signed-off-by: NTao Chen <boby.chen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>

The blkback name is like blkback.domid.xvd[a-z], if domid has four digits
(means larger than 1000), then the backmost xvd wouldn't be fully shown.

Define a BLKBACK_NAME_LEN macro to be 20, enlarge the array size of
blkback name, so it will be fully shown in any case.
Signed-off-by: NTao Chen <boby.chen@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>

Prior to the existance of 64-bit backends using the X86_64 ABI,
frontends used the X86_32 ABI.  These old frontends do not specify the
ABI and when used with a 64-bit backend do not work.

On x86, default to the X86_32 ABI if one is not specified.  Backends
on ARM continue to default to their NATIVE ABI.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Acked-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>

The DEFINE_XENBUS_DRIVER() macro looks a bit weird and causes sparse
errors.

Replace the uses with standard structure definitions instead.  This is
similar to pci and usb device registration.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>

blkback does not unmap persistent grants when frontend goes to Closed
state (e.g. when blkfront module is being removed). This leads to the
following in guest's dmesg:

[  343.243825] xen:grant_table: WARNING: g.e. 0x445 still in use!
[  343.243825] xen:grant_table: WARNING: g.e. 0x42a still in use!
...

When load module -> use device -> unload module sequence is performed multiple times
it is possible to hit BUG() condition in blkfront module:

[  343.243825] kernel BUG at drivers/block/xen-blkfront.c:954!
[  343.243825] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
[  343.243825] Modules linked in: xen_blkfront(-) ata_generic pata_acpi [last unloaded: xen_blkfront]
...
[  343.243825] Call Trace:
[  343.243825]  [<ffffffff814111ef>] ? unregister_xenbus_watch+0x16f/0x1e0
[  343.243825]  [<ffffffffa0016fbf>] blkfront_remove+0x3f/0x140 [xen_blkfront]
...
[  343.243825] RIP  [<ffffffffa0016aae>] blkif_free+0x34e/0x360 [xen_blkfront]
[  343.243825]  RSP <ffff88001eb8fdc0>

We don't need to keep these grants if we're disconnecting as frontend might already
forgot about them. Solve the issue by moving xen_blkbk_free_caches() call from
xen_blkif_free() to xen_blkif_disconnect().

Now we can see the following:
[  928.590893] xen:grant_table: WARNING: g.e. 0x587 still in use!
[  928.591861] xen:grant_table: WARNING: g.e. 0x372 still in use!
...
[  929.592146] xen:grant_table: freeing g.e. 0x587
[  929.597174] xen:grant_table: freeing g.e. 0x372
...

Backend does not keep persistent grants any more, reconnect works fine.

CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NVitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Currently xenwatch blocks in VBD disconnect, waiting for all pending I/O
requests to finish. If the VBD is attached to a hot-swappable disk, then
xenwatch can hang for a long period of time, stalling other watches.

 INFO: task xenwatch:39 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
 "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
 ffff880057f01bd0 0000000000000246 ffff880057f01ac0 ffffffff810b0782
 ffff880057f01ad0 00000000000131c0 0000000000000004 ffff880057edb040
 ffff8800344c6080 0000000000000000 ffff880058c00ba0 ffff880057edb040
 Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff810b0782>] ? irq_to_desc+0x12/0x20
 [<ffffffff8128f761>] ? list_del+0x11/0x40
 [<ffffffff8147a080>] ? wait_for_common+0x60/0x160
 [<ffffffff8147bcef>] ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x2f/0x50
 [<ffffffff8147bd49>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x19/0x20
 [<ffffffff8147a26a>] schedule+0x3a/0x60
 [<ffffffffa018fe6a>] xen_blkif_disconnect+0x8a/0x100 [xen_blkback]
 [<ffffffff81079f70>] ? wake_up_bit+0x40/0x40
 [<ffffffffa018ffce>] xen_blkbk_remove+0xae/0x1e0 [xen_blkback]
 [<ffffffff8130b254>] xenbus_dev_remove+0x44/0x90
 [<ffffffff81345cb7>] __device_release_driver+0x77/0xd0
 [<ffffffff81346488>] device_release_driver+0x28/0x40
 [<ffffffff813456e8>] bus_remove_device+0x78/0xe0
 [<ffffffff81342c9f>] device_del+0x12f/0x1a0
 [<ffffffff81342d2d>] device_unregister+0x1d/0x60
 [<ffffffffa0190826>] frontend_changed+0xa6/0x4d0 [xen_blkback]
 [<ffffffffa019c252>] ? frontend_changed+0x192/0x650 [xen_netback]
 [<ffffffff8130ae50>] ? cmp_dev+0x60/0x60
 [<ffffffff81344fe4>] ? bus_for_each_dev+0x94/0xa0
 [<ffffffff8130b06e>] xenbus_otherend_changed+0xbe/0x120
 [<ffffffff8130b4cb>] frontend_changed+0xb/0x10
 [<ffffffff81309c82>] xenwatch_thread+0xf2/0x130
 [<ffffffff81079f70>] ? wake_up_bit+0x40/0x40
 [<ffffffff81309b90>] ? xenbus_directory+0x80/0x80
 [<ffffffff810799d6>] kthread+0x96/0xa0
 [<ffffffff81485934>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
 [<ffffffff814839f3>] ? int_ret_from_sys_call+0x7/0x1b
 [<ffffffff8147c17c>] ? retint_restore_args+0x5/0x6
 [<ffffffff81485930>] ? gs_change+0x13/0x13

With this patch, when there is still pending I/O, the actual disconnect
is done by the last reference holder (last pending I/O request). In this
case, xenwatch doesn't block indefinitely.
Signed-off-by: NValentin Priescu <priescuv@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: NSteven Kady <stevkady@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: NSteven Noonan <snoonan@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Newer toolstacks may provide a boolean property "discard-enable" in the
backend node. Its purpose is to disable discard for file backed storage
to avoid fragmentation. Recognize this setting also for physical
storage.  If that property exists and is false, do not advertise
"feature-discard" to the frontend.
Signed-off-by: NOlaf Hering <olaf@aepfle.de>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Initialize persistent_purge_work work_struct on xen_blkif_alloc (and
remove the previous initialization done in purge_persistent_gnt). This
prevents flush_work from complaining even if purge_persistent_gnt has
not been used.
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Tested-by: NSander Eikelenboom <linux@eikelenboom.it>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

Introduce a new variable to keep track of the number of in-flight
requests. We need to make sure that when xen_blkif_put is called the
request has already been freed and we can safely free xen_blkif, which
was not the case before.
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Reviewed-by: NBoris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Tested-by: NMatt Rushton <mrushton@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Rushton <mrushton@amazon.com>
Cc: Matt Wilson <msw@amazon.com>
Cc: Ian Campbell <Ian.Campbell@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

I've at least identified two possible memory leaks in blkback, both
related to the shutdown path of a VBD:

- blkback doesn't wait for any pending purge work to finish before
  cleaning the list of free_pages. The purge work will call
  put_free_pages and thus we might end up with pages being added to
  the free_pages list after we have emptied it. Fix this by making
  sure there's no pending purge work before exiting
  xen_blkif_schedule, and moving the free_page cleanup code to
  xen_blkif_free.
- blkback doesn't wait for pending requests to end before cleaning
  persistent grants and the list of free_pages. Again this can add
  pages to the free_pages list or persistent grants to the
  persistent_gnts red-black tree. Fixed by moving the persistent
  grants and free_pages cleanup code to xen_blkif_free.

Also, add some checks in xen_blkif_free to make sure we are cleaning
everything.
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Tested-by: NMatt Rushton <mrushton@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: NMatt Rushton <mrushton@amazon.com>
Cc: Matt Wilson <msw@amazon.com>
Cc: Ian Campbell <Ian.Campbell@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

The use of strict_strtoul() is not preferred, because strict_strtoul() is
obsolete.  Thus, kstrtoul() should be used.
Signed-off-by: NJingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Calling kthread_run with a single name parameter causes it to be handled
as a format string. Many callers are passing potentially dynamic string
content, so use "%s" in those cases to avoid any potential accidents.
Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Check that the ring does not have an insane amount of requests
(more than there could fit on the ring).

If we detect this case we will stop processing the requests
and wait until the XenBus disconnects the ring.

The existing check RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW which checks for how
many responses we have created in the past (rsp_prod_pvt) vs
requests consumed (req_cons) and whether said difference is greater or
equal to the size of the ring, does not catch this case.

Wha the condition does check if there is a need to process more
as we still have a backlog of responses to finish. Note that both
of those values (rsp_prod_pvt and req_cons) are not exposed on the
shared ring.

To understand this problem a mini crash course in ring protocol
response/request updates is in place.

There are four entries: req_prod and rsp_prod; req_event and rsp_event
to track the ring entries. We are only concerned about the first two -
which set the tone of this bug.

The req_prod is a value incremented by frontend for each request put
on the ring. Conversely the rsp_prod is a value incremented by the backend
for each response put on the ring (rsp_prod gets set by rsp_prod_pvt when
pushing the responses on the ring).  Both values can
wrap and are modulo the size of the ring (in block case that is 32).
Please see RING_GET_REQUEST and RING_GET_RESPONSE for the more details.

The culprit here is that if the difference between the
req_prod and req_cons is greater than the ring size we have a problem.
Fortunately for us, the '__do_block_io_op' loop:

	rc = blk_rings->common.req_cons;
	rp = blk_rings->common.sring->req_prod;

	while (rc != rp) {

		..
		blk_rings->common.req_cons = ++rc; /* before make_response() */

	}

will loop up to the point when rc == rp. The macros inside of the
loop (RING_GET_REQUEST) is smart and is indexing based on the modulo
of the ring size. If the frontend has provided a bogus req_prod value
we will loop until the 'rc == rp' - which means we could be processing
already processed requests (or responses) often.

The reason the RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW is not helping here is
b/c it only tracks how many responses we have internally produced
and whether we would should process more. The astute reader will
notice that the macro RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW provides two
arguments - more on this later.

For example, if we were to enter this function with these values:

       	blk_rings->common.sring->req_prod =  X+31415 (X is the value from
		the last time __do_block_io_op was called).
        blk_rings->common.req_cons = X
        blk_rings->common.rsp_prod_pvt = X

The RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW(&blk_rings->common, blk_rings->common.req_cons)
is doing:

	req_cons - rsp_prod_pvt >= 32

Which is,
	X - X >= 32 or 0 >= 32

And that is false, so we continue on looping (this bug).

If we re-use said macro RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW and pass in the rp
instead (sring->req_prod) of rc, the this macro can do the check:

     req_prod - rsp_prov_pvt >= 32

Which is,
       X + 31415 - X >= 32 , or 31415 >= 32

which is true, so we can error out and break out of the function.

Unfortunatly the difference between rsp_prov_pvt and req_prod can be
at 32 (which would error out in the macro). This condition exists when
the backend is lagging behind with the responses and still has not finished
responding to all of them (so make_response has not been called), and
the rsp_prov_pvt + 32 == req_cons. This ends up with us not being able
to use said macro.

Hence introducing a new macro called RING_REQUEST_PROD_OVERFLOW which does
a simple check of:

    req_prod - rsp_prod_pvt > RING_SIZE

And with the X values from above:

   X + 31415 - X > 32

Returns true. Also not that if the ring is full (which is where
the RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW triggered), we would not hit the
same condition:

   X + 32 - X > 32

Which is false.

Lets use that macro.
Note that in v5 of this patchset the macro was different - we used an
earlier version.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
[v1: Move the check outside the loop]
[v2: Add a pr_warn as suggested by David]
[v3: Use RING_REQUEST_CONS_OVERFLOW as suggested by Jan]
[v4: Move wake_up after kthread_stop as suggested by Jan]
[v5: Use RING_REQUEST_PROD_OVERFLOW instead]
[v6: Use RING_REQUEST_PROD_OVERFLOW - Jan's version]
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>

gadsa

Currently xen-blkback passes the logical sector size over xenbus and
xen-blkfront sets up the paravirt disk with that logical block size.
But newer drives usually have the logical sector size set to 512 for
compatibility reasons and would show the actual sector size only in
physical sector size.
This results in the device being partitioned and accessed in dom0 with
the correct sector size, but the guest thinks 512 bytes is the correct
block size. And that results in poor performance.

To fix this, blkback gets modified to pass also physical-sector-size
over xenbus and blkfront to use both values to set up the paravirt
disk. I did not just change the passed in sector-size because I am
not sure having a bigger logical sector size than the physical one
is valid (and that would happen if a newer dom0 kernel hits an older
domU kernel). Also this way a domU set up before should still be
accessible (just some tools might detect the unaligned setup).

[v2: Make xenbus write failure non-fatal]
[v3: Use xenbus_scanf instead of xenbus_gather]
[v4: Rebased against segment changes]
Signed-off-by: NStefan Bader <stefan.bader@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Allocate pending requests in smaller chunks instead of allocating them
all at the same time.

This change also removes the global array of pending_reqs, it is no
longer necessay.

Variables related to the grant mapping have been grouped into a struct
called "grant_page", this allows to allocate them in smaller chunks,
and also improves memory locality.
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Reported-by: NSander Eikelenboom <linux@eikelenboom.it>
Tested-by: NSander Eikelenboom <linux@eikelenboom.it>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Indirect descriptors introduce a new block operation
(BLKIF_OP_INDIRECT) that passes grant references instead of segments
in the request. This grant references are filled with arrays of
blkif_request_segment_aligned, this way we can send more segments in a
request.

The proposed implementation sets the maximum number of indirect grefs
(frames filled with blkif_request_segment_aligned) to 256 in the
backend and 32 in the frontend. The value in the frontend has been
chosen experimentally, and the backend value has been set to a sane
value that allows expanding the maximum number of indirect descriptors
in the frontend if needed.

The migration code has changed from the previous implementation, in
which we simply remapped the segments on the shared ring. Now the
maximum number of segments allowed in a request can change depending
on the backend, so we have to requeue all the requests in the ring and
in the queue and split the bios in them if they are bigger than the
new maximum number of segments.

[v2: Fixed minor comments by Konrad.
[v1: Added padding to make the indirect request 64bit aligned.
 Added some BUGs, comments; fixed number of indirect pages in
 blkif_get_x86_{32/64}_req. Added description about the indirect operation
 in blkif.h]
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
[v3: Fixed spaces and tabs mix ups]
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Remove the last dependency from blkbk by moving the list of free
requests to blkif. This change reduces the contention on the list of
available requests.
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xen.org
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

This mechanism allows blkback to change the number of grants
persistently mapped at run time.

The algorithm uses a simple LRU mechanism that removes (if needed) the
persistent grants that have not been used since the last LRU run, or
if all grants have been used it removes the first grants in the list
(that are not in use).

The algorithm allows the user to change the maximum number of
persistent grants, by changing max_persistent_grants in sysfs.

Since we are storing the persistent grants used inside the request
struct (to be able to mark them as "unused" when unmapping), we no
longer need the bitmap (unmap_seg).
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xen.org
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Using balloon pages for all granted pages allows us to simplify the
logic in blkback, especially in the xen_blkbk_map function, since now
we can decide if we want to map a grant persistently or not after we
have actually mapped it. This could not be done before because
persistent grants used ballooned pages, whereas non-persistent grants
used pages from the kernel.

This patch also introduces several changes, the first one is that the
list of free pages is no longer global, now each blkback instance has
it's own list of free pages that can be used to map grants. Also, a
run time parameter (max_buffer_pages) has been added in order to tune
the maximum number of free pages each blkback instance will keep in
it's buffer.
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xen.org
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

These values shouldn't be negative, but after an overflow their value
can turn into negative, if they are signed. xentop can show bogus
values in this case.
Signed-off-by: NZoltan Kiss <zoltan.kiss@citrix.com>
Reported-by: NIchiro Ogino <ichiro.ogino@citrix.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

"be->mode" is obtained from xenbus_read(), which does a kmalloc() for
the message body. The short string is never released, so do it along
with freeing "be" itself, and make sure the string isn't kept when
backend_changed() doesn't complete successfully (which made it
desirable to slightly re-structure that function, so that the error
cleanup can be done in one place).
Reported-by: NOlaf Hering <olaf@aepfle.de>
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

This patch contains fixes for persistent grants implementation v2:

 * handle == 0 is a valid handle, so initialize grants in blkback
   setting the handle to BLKBACK_INVALID_HANDLE instead of 0. Reported
   by Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk.

 * new_map is a boolean, use "true" or "false" instead of 1 and 0.
   Reported by Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk.

 * blkfront announces the persistent-grants feature as
   feature-persistent-grants, use feature-persistent instead which is
   consistent with blkback and the public Xen headers.

 * Add a consistency check in blkfront to make sure we don't try to
   access segments that have not been set.
Reported-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monne <roger.pau@citrix.com>
[v1: The new_map int->bool had already been changed]
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

This patch implements persistent grants for the xen-blk{front,back}
mechanism. The effect of this change is to reduce the number of unmap
operations performed, since they cause a (costly) TLB shootdown. This
allows the I/O performance to scale better when a large number of VMs
are performing I/O.

Previously, the blkfront driver was supplied a bvec[] from the request
queue. This was granted to dom0; dom0 performed the I/O and wrote
directly into the grant-mapped memory and unmapped it; blkfront then
removed foreign access for that grant. The cost of unmapping scales
badly with the number of CPUs in Dom0. An experiment showed that when
Dom0 has 24 VCPUs, and guests are performing parallel I/O to a
ramdisk, the IPIs from performing unmap's is a bottleneck at 5 guests
(at which point 650,000 IOPS are being performed in total). If more
than 5 guests are used, the performance declines. By 10 guests, only
400,000 IOPS are being performed.

This patch improves performance by only unmapping when the connection
between blkfront and back is broken.

On startup blkfront notifies blkback that it is using persistent
grants, and blkback will do the same. If blkback is not capable of
persistent mapping, blkfront will still use the same grants, since it
is compatible with the previous protocol, and simplifies the code
complexity in blkfront.

To perform a read, in persistent mode, blkfront uses a separate pool
of pages that it maps to dom0. When a request comes in, blkfront
transmutes the request so that blkback will write into one of these
free pages. Blkback keeps note of which grefs it has already
mapped. When a new ring request comes to blkback, it looks to see if
it has already mapped that page. If so, it will not map it again. If
the page hasn't been previously mapped, it is mapped now, and a record
is kept of this mapping. Blkback proceeds as usual. When blkfront is
notified that blkback has completed a request, it memcpy's from the
shared memory, into the bvec supplied. A record that the {gref, page}
tuple is mapped, and not inflight is kept.

Writes are similar, except that the memcpy is peformed from the
supplied bvecs, into the shared pages, before the request is put onto
the ring.

Blkback stores a mapping of grefs=>{page mapped to by gref} in
a red-black tree. As the grefs are not known apriori, and provide no
guarantees on their ordering, we have to perform a search
through this tree to find the page, for every gref we receive. This
operation takes O(log n) time in the worst case. In blkfront grants
are stored using a single linked list.

The maximum number of grants that blkback will persistenly map is
currently set to RING_SIZE * BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST, to
prevent a malicios guest from attempting a DoS, by supplying fresh
grefs, causing the Dom0 kernel to map excessively. If a guest
is using persistent grants and exceeds the maximum number of grants to
map persistenly the newly passed grefs will be mapped and unmaped.
Using this approach, we can have requests that mix persistent and
non-persistent grants, and we need to handle them correctly.
This allows us to set the maximum number of persistent grants to a
lower value than RING_SIZE * BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST, although
setting it will lead to unpredictable performance.

In writing this patch, the question arrises as to if the additional
cost of performing memcpys in the guest (to/from the pool of granted
pages) outweigh the gains of not performing TLB shootdowns. The answer
to that question is `no'. There appears to be very little, if any
additional cost to the guest of using persistent grants. There is
perhaps a small saving, from the reduced number of hypercalls
performed in granting, and ending foreign access.
Signed-off-by: NOliver Chick <oliver.chick@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NRoger Pau Monne <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
[v1: Fixed up the misuse of bool as int]

Using kmem_cache_zalloc() instead of kmem_cache_alloc() and memset().

spatch with a semantic match is used to found this problem.
(http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/)
Signed-off-by: NWei Yongjun <yongjun_wei@trendmicro.com.cn>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

drivers/block/xen-blkback/xenbus.c:260:5: warning: symbol 'xenvbd_sysfs_addif' was not declared. Should it be static?
drivers/block/xen-blkback/xenbus.c:284:6: warning: symbol 'xenvbd_sysfs_delif' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

drivers/block/xen-blkback/xenbus.c: In function 'xen_blkbk_discard':
drivers/block/xen-blkback/xenbus.c:419:4: warning: passing argument 1 of 'dev_warn' makes pointer from integer without a cast
+[enabled by default]
include/linux/device.h:894:5: note: expected 'const struct device *' but argument is of type 'long int'

It is unclear how that mistake made it in. It surely is wrong.
Acked-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Reported-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

They were using the xenbus_dev_fatal() function which would
change the state of the connection immediately. Which is not
what we want when we advertise optional features.

So make 'feature-discard','feature-barrier','feature-flush-cache'
optional.
Suggested-by: NJan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com>
[v1: Made the discard function void and static]
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

The only reason for the distinction was for the special case of
'file' (which is assumed to be loopback device), was to reach inside
the loopback device, find the underlaying file, and call fallocate on it.
Fortunately "xen-blkback: convert hole punching to discard request on
loop devices" removes that use-case and we now based the discard
support based on blk_queue_discard(q) and extract all appropriate
parameters from the 'struct request_queue'.

CC: Li Dongyang <lidongyang@novell.com>
Acked-by: NJan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com>
[v1: Dropping pointless initializer and keeping blank line]
[v2: Remove the kfree as it is not used anymore]
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

The 'name', 'owner', and 'mod_name' members are redundant with the
identically named fields in the 'driver' sub-structure. Rather than
switching each instance to specify these fields explicitly, introduce
a macro to simplify this.

Eliminate further redundancy by allowing the drvname argument to
DEFINE_XENBUS_DRIVER() to be blank (in which case the first entry from
the ID table will be used for .driver.name).

Also eliminate the questionable xenbus_register_{back,front}end()
wrappers - their sole remaining purpose was the checking of the
'owner' field, proper setting of which shouldn't be an issue anymore
when the macro gets used.

v2: Restore DRV_NAME for the driver name in xen-pciback.
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Cc: Florian Tobias Schandinat <FlorianSchandinat@gmx.de>
Cc: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

The below patch fixes some typos in various parts of the kernel, as well as fixes some comments.
Please let me know if I missed anything, and I will try to get it changed and resent.
Signed-off-by: NJustin P. Mattock <justinmattock@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NRandy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: NJiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>

Part of the blkdev_issue_discard(xx) operation is that it can also
issue a secure discard operation that will permanantly remove the
sectors in question. We advertise that we can support that via the
'discard-secure' attribute and on the request, if the 'secure' bit
is set, we will attempt to pass in REQ_DISCARD | REQ_SECURE.

CC: Li Dongyang <lidongyang@novell.com>
[v1: Used 'flag' instead of 'secure:1' bit]
[v2: Use 'reserved' uint8_t instead of adding a new value]
[v3: Check for nseg when mapping instead of operation]
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

The xenbus module provides xenbus_map_ring_valloc() and
xenbus_map_ring_vfree().  Use these to map the ring pages granted by
the frontend.
Acked-by: NJens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

We emulate the barrier requests by draining the outstanding bio's
and then sending the WRITE_FLUSH command. To drain the I/Os
we use the refcnt that is used during disconnect to wait for all
the I/Os before disconnecting from the frontend. We latch on its
value and if it reaches either the threshold for disconnect or when
there are no more outstanding I/Os, then we have drained all I/Os.
Suggested-by: NChristopher Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

This patch fixes belows:

1. Fix code style issue.
2. Fix incorrect functions name in comments.
Signed-off-by: NJoe Jin <joe.jin@oracle.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Cc: Ian Campbell <Ian.Campbell@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

..aka ATA TRIM/SCSI UNMAP command to be passed through the frontend
and used as appropiately by the backend. We also advertise
certain granulity parameters to the frontend so it can plug them in.
If the backend is a realy device - we just end up using
'blkdev_issue_discard' while for loopback devices - we just punch
a hole in the image file.
Signed-off-by: NLi Dongyang <lidongyang@novell.com>
[v1: Fixed up pr_debug and commit description]
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

This patch fixes belows:

1. Fix code style issue.
2. Fix incorrect functions name in comments.
Signed-off-by: NJoe Jin <joe.jin@oracle.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Cc: Ian Campbell <Ian.Campbell@eu.citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>