part 2: make sure that disconnected roots have corresponding mnt_devname
values stashed into them.

Have nfs*_get_root() stuff a copy of devname into ->d_fsdata of the
found root, provided that it is disconnected.

Have ->d_release() free it when dentry goes away.

Have the places where NFS uses ->d_fsdata for sillyrename (and that
can *never* happen to a disconnected root - dentry will be attached
to its parent) free old devname copies if they find those.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

step 1 of ->mnt_devname fixes: make sure we have the value of devname
available in ..._get_root().
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

__fput doesn't need a cdev_put() for O_PATH handles.

Signed-off-by: mszeredi@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

iprune_sem is continously giving us lockdep warnings because we do take it in
read mode in the reclaim path, but we're also doing non-NOFS allocations under
it taken in write mode.

Taking a bit deeper look at it I think it's fixable quite trivially:

 - for invalidate_inodes we do not need iprune_sem at all.  We have an active
   reference on the superblock, so the filesystem is not going away until it
   has finished.
 - for evict_inodes we do need it, to make sure prune_icache has done it's
   work before we tear down the superblock.  But there is no reason to
   hold it over the actual reclaim operation - it's enough to cycle through
   it after the actual reclaim to make sure we wait for any pending
   prune_icache to complete.  We just have to remove the WARN_ON for
   otherwise busy inodes as they can actually happen now.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

commit 574197e0 had a missing
piece, breaking the loop detection ;-/
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

The new vfs locking scheme introduced in 2.6.38 breaks NFS sillyrename
because the latter relies on being able to determine the parent
directory of the dentry in the ->iput() callback in order to send the
appropriate unlink rpc call.

Looking at the code that cares about races with dput(), there doesn't
seem to be anything that specifically uses d_parent as a test for
whether or not there is a race:
  - __d_lookup_rcu(), __d_lookup() all test for d_hashed() after d_parent
  - shrink_dcache_for_umount() is safe since nothing else can rearrange
    the dentries in that super block.
  - have_submount(), select_parent() and d_genocide() can test for a
    deletion if we set the DCACHE_DISCONNECTED flag when the dentry
    is removed from the parent's d_subdirs list.
Signed-off-by: NTrond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org (2.6.38, needs commit c826cb7d "dcache.c:
	create helper function for duplicated functionality" )
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This creates a helper function for he "try to ascend into the parent
directory" case, which was written out in triplicate before.  With all
the locking and subtle sequence number stuff, we really don't want to
duplicate that kind of code.
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* pull the handling of current->total_link_count into
__do_follow_link()
* put the common "do ->put_link() if needed and path_put() the link"
  stuff into a helper (put_link(nd, link, cookie))
* rename __do_follow_link() to follow_link(), while we are at it
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

The last remaining place (resolution of nested symlink) converted
to the loop of the same kind we have in path_lookupat() and
path_openat().

Note that we still *do* have a recursion in pathname resolution;
can't avoid it, really.  However, it's strictly for nested symlinks
now - i.e. ones in the middle of a pathname.

link_path_walk() has lost the tail now - it always walks everything
except the last component.

do_follow_link() renamed to nested_symlink() and moved down.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Now that link_path_walk() is called without LOOKUP_PARENT
only from do_follow_link(), we can simplify the checks in
last component handling.  First of all, checking if we'd
arrived to a directory is not needed - the caller will check
it anyway.  And LOOKUP_FOLLOW is guaranteed to be there,
since we only get to that place with nd->depth > 0.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Now the only caller of link_path_walk() that does *not* pass
LOOKUP_PARENT is do_follow_link()
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

... and note that we only need to do it for LAST_BIND symlinks
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

new helper: walk_component().  Handles everything except symlinks;
returns negative on error, 0 on success and 1 on symlinks we decided
to follow.  Drops out of RCU mode on such symlinks.

link_path_walk() and do_last() switched to using that.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

We don't want to allow creation of private hardlinks by different application
using the fd passed to them via SCM_RIGHTS. So limit the null relative name
usage in linkat syscall to CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Just need to make sure that AF_UNIX garbage collector won't
confuse O_PATHed socket on filesystem for real AF_UNIX opened
socket.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

For readlinkat() we simply allow empty pathname; it will fail unless
we have dfd equal to O_PATH-opened symlink, so we are outside of
POSIX scope here.  For fchownat() and fstatat() we allow AT_EMPTY_PATH;
let the caller explicitly ask for such behaviour.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

At that point we can't do almost nothing with them.  They can be opened
with O_PATH, we can manipulate such descriptors with dup(), etc. and
we can see them in /proc/*/{fd,fdinfo}/*.

We can't (and won't be able to) follow /proc/*/fd/* symlinks for those;
there's simply not enough information for pathname resolution to go on
from such point - to resolve a symlink we need to know which directory
does it live in.

We will be able to do useful things with them after the next commit, though -
readlinkat() and fchownat() will be possible to use with dfd being an
O_PATH-opened symlink and empty relative pathname.  Combined with
open_by_handle() it'll give us a way to do realink-by-handle and
lchown-by-handle without messing with more redundant syscalls.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

New flag for open(2) - O_PATH.  Semantics:
	* pathname is resolved, but the file itself is _NOT_ opened
as far as filesystem is concerned.
	* almost all operations on the resulting descriptors shall
fail with -EBADF.  Exceptions are:
	1) operations on descriptors themselves (i.e.
		close(), dup(), dup2(), dup3(), fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD),
		fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, ...), fcntl(fd, F_GETFD),
		fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, ...))
	2) fcntl(fd, F_GETFL), for a common non-destructive way to
		check if descriptor is open
	3) "dfd" arguments of ...at(2) syscalls, i.e. the starting
		points of pathname resolution
	* closing such descriptor does *NOT* affect dnotify or
posix locks.
	* permissions are checked as usual along the way to file;
no permission checks are applied to the file itself.  Of course,
giving such thing to syscall will result in permission checks (at
the moment it means checking that starting point of ....at() is
a directory and caller has exec permissions on it).

fget() and fget_light() return NULL on such descriptors; use of
fget_raw() and fget_raw_light() is needed to get them.  That protects
existing code from dealing with those things.

There are two things still missing (they come in the next commits):
one is handling of symlinks (right now we refuse to open them that
way; see the next commit for semantics related to those) and another
is descriptor passing via SCM_RIGHTS datagrams.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

File system UUID is made available to application
via  /proc/<pid>/mountinfo
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

File system UUID is made available to application
via  /proc/<pid>/mountinfo
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

We add a per superblock uuid field. File systems should
update the uuid in the fill_super callback
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Now that VFS check for inode->i_nlink == 0 and returns proper
error, remove similar check from file system
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Add inode->i_nlink == 0 check in VFS. Some of the file systems
do this internally. A followup patch will remove those instance.
This is needed to ensure that with link by handle we don't allow
to create hardlink of an unlinked file. The check also prevent a race
between unlink and link
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

[AV: duplicate of open() guts removed; file_open_root() used instead]
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

The syscall also return mount id which can be used
to lookup file system specific information such as uuid
in /proc/<pid>/mountinfo
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

For name_to_handle_at(2) we'll want both ...at()-style syscall that
would be usable for non-directory descriptors (with empty relative
pathname).  Introduce new flag (AT_EMPTY_PATH) to deal with that and
corresponding LOOKUP_EMPTY; teach user_path_at() and path_init() to
deal with the latter.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

The kernel automatically evaluates partition tables of storage devices.
The code for evaluating OSF partitions contains a bug that leaks data
from kernel heap memory to userspace for certain corrupted OSF
partitions.

In more detail:

  for (i = 0 ; i < le16_to_cpu(label->d_npartitions); i++, partition++) {

iterates from 0 to d_npartitions - 1, where d_npartitions is read from
the partition table without validation and partition is a pointer to an
array of at most 8 d_partitions.

Add the proper and obvious validation.
Signed-off-by: NTimo Warns <warns@pre-sense.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
[ Changed the patch trivially to not repeat the whole le16_to_cpu()
  thing, and to use an explicit constant for the magic value '8' ]
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The exportfs encode handle function should return the minimum required
handle size. This helps user to find out the handle size by passing 0
handle size in the first step and then redoing to the call again with
the returned handle size value.
Acked-by: NSerge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

New helpers: user_statfs() and fd_statfs(), taking userland pathname and
descriptor resp. and filling struct kstatfs.  Syscalls of statfs family
(native, compat and foreign - osf and hpux on alpha and parisc resp.)
switched to those.  Removes some boilerplate code, simplifies cleanup
on errors...
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

new function: file_open_root(dentry, mnt, name, flags) opens the file
vfs_path_lookup would arrive to.

Note that name can be empty; in that case the usual requirement that
dentry should be a directory is lifted.

open-coded equivalents switched to it, may_open() got down exactly
one caller and became static.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

New lookup flag: LOOKUP_ROOT.  nd->root is set (and held) by caller,
path_init() starts walking from that place and all pathname resolution
machinery never drops nd->root if that flag is set.  That turns
vfs_path_lookup() into a special case of do_path_lookup() *and*
gets us down to 3 callers of link_path_walk(), making it finally
feasible to rip the handling of trailing symlink out of link_path_walk().
That will not only simply the living hell out of it, but make life
much simpler for unionfs merge.  Trailing symlink handling will
become iterative, which is a good thing for stack footprint in
a lot of situations as well.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

That thing has devolved into rats nest of gotos; sane use of unlikely()
gets rid of that horror and gives much more readable structure:
	* make a fast attempt to find a dentry; false negatives are OK.
In RCU mode if everything went fine, we are done, otherwise just drop
out of RCU.  If we'd done (RCU) ->d_revalidate() and it had not refused
outright (i.e. didn't give us -ECHILD), remember its result.
	* now we are not in RCU mode and hopefully have a dentry.  If we
do not, lock parent, do full d_lookup() and if that has not found anything,
allocate and call ->lookup().  If we'd done that ->lookup(), remember that
dentry is good and we don't need to revalidate it.
	* now we have a dentry.  If it has ->d_revalidate() and we can't
skip it, call it.
	* hopefully dentry is good; if not, either fail (in case of error)
or try to invalidate it.  If d_invalidate() has succeeded, drop it and
retry everything as if original attempt had not found a dentry.
	* now we can finish it up - deal with mountpoint crossing and
automount.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

There used to be time when ->d_revalidate() couldn't return an error.
So intents code had lookup_instantiate_filp() stash ERR_PTR(error)
in nd->intent.open.filp and had it checked after lookup_hash(), to
catch the otherwise silent failures.  That had been introduced by
commit 4af4c52f.  These days
->d_revalidate() can and does propagate errors back to callers
explicitly, so this check isn't needed anymore.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

... and clean up a bit more
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

We have a bunch of diverging codepaths in do_last(); some of
them converge, but the case of having to create a new file
duplicates large part of common tail of the rest and exits
separately.  Massage them so that they could be merged.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Lift it to lookup_one_len() and link_path_walk() resp. into the
same place where we calculated default hash function of the same
name.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

only one caller left
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>