Even if the NLA_F_NESTED flag was introduced more than 11 years ago, most
netlink based interfaces (including recently added ones) are still not
setting it in kernel generated messages. Without the flag, message parsers
not aware of attribute semantics (e.g. wireshark dissector or libmnl's
mnl_nlmsg_fprintf()) cannot recognize nested attributes and won't display
the structure of their contents.

Unfortunately we cannot just add the flag everywhere as there may be
userspace applications which check nlattr::nla_type directly rather than
through a helper masking out the flags. Therefore the patch renames
nla_nest_start() to nla_nest_start_noflag() and introduces nla_nest_start()
as a wrapper adding NLA_F_NESTED. The calls which add NLA_F_NESTED manually
are rewritten to use nla_nest_start().

Except for changes in include/net/netlink.h, the patch was generated using
this semantic patch:

@@ expression E1, E2; @@
-nla_nest_start(E1, E2)
+nla_nest_start_noflag(E1, E2)

@@ expression E1, E2; @@
-nla_nest_start_noflag(E1, E2 | NLA_F_NESTED)
+nla_nest_start(E1, E2)
Signed-off-by: NMichal Kubecek <mkubecek@suse.cz>
Acked-by: NJiri Pirko <jiri@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

According to the link FSM, when a link endpoint got RESET_MSG (- a
traditional one without the stopping bit) from its peer, it moves to
PEER_RESET state and raises a LINK_DOWN event which then resets the
link itself. Its state will become ESTABLISHING after the reset event
and the link will be re-established soon after this endpoint starts to
send ACTIVATE_MSG to the peer.

There is no problem with this mechanism, however the link resetting has
cleared the link 'in_session' flag (along with the other important link
data such as: the link 'mtu') that was correctly set up at the 1st step
(i.e. when this endpoint received the peer RESET_MSG). As a result, the
link will become ESTABLISHED, but the 'in_session' flag is not set, and
all STATE_MSG from its peer will be dropped at the link_validate_msg().
It means the link not synced and will sooner or later face a failure.

Since the link reset action is obviously needed for a new link session
(this is also true in the other situations), the problem here is that
the link is re-established a bit too early when the link endpoints are
not really in-sync yet. The commit forces a resync as already done in
the previous commit 91986ee1 ("tipc: fix link session and
re-establish issues") by simply varying the link 'peer_session' value
at the link_reset().
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NTuong Lien <tuong.t.lien@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In commit 0ae955e2656d ("tipc: improve TIPC throughput by Gap ACK
blocks"), we enhance the link transmq by releasing as many packets as
possible with the multi-ACKs from peer node. This also means the queue
is now non-linear and the peer link deferdq becomes vital.

Whereas, in the case of link failover, all messages in the link transmq
need to be transmitted as tunnel messages in such a way that message
sequentiality and cardinality per sender is preserved. This requires us
to maintain the link deferdq somehow, so that when the tunnel messages
arrive, the inner user messages along with the ones in the deferdq will
be delivered to upper layer correctly.

The commit accomplishes this by defining a new queue in the TIPC link
structure to hold the old link deferdq when link failover happens and
process it upon receipt of tunnel messages.

Also, in the case of link syncing, the link deferdq will not be purged
to avoid unnecessary retransmissions that in the worst case will fail
because the packets might have been freed on the sending side.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NTuong Lien <tuong.t.lien@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

For unicast transmission, the current NACK sending althorithm is over-
active that forces the sending side to retransmit a packet that is not
really lost but just arrived at the receiving side with some delay, or
even retransmit same packets that have already been retransmitted
before. As a result, many duplicates are observed also under normal
condition, ie. without packet loss.

One example case is: node1 transmits 1 2 3 4 10 5 6 7 8 9, when node2
receives packet #10, it puts into the deferdq. When the packet #5 comes
it sends NACK with gap [6 - 9]. However, shortly after that, when
packet #6 arrives, it pulls out packet #10 from the deferfq, but it is
still out of order, so it makes another NACK with gap [7 - 9] and so on
... Finally, node1 has to retransmit the packets 5 6 7 8 9 a number of
times, but in fact all the packets are not lost at all, so duplicates!

This commit reduces duplicates by changing the condition to send NACK,
also restricting the retransmissions on individual packets via a timer
of about 1ms. However, it also needs to say that too tricky condition
for NACKs or too long timeout value for retransmissions will result in
performance reducing! The criterias in this commit are found to be
effective for both the requirements to reduce duplicates but not affect
performance.

The tipc_link_rcv() is also improved to only dequeue skb from the link
deferdq if it is expected (ie. its seqno <= rcv_nxt).
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NTuong Lien <tuong.t.lien@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

During unicast link transmission, it's observed very often that because
of one or a few lost/dis-ordered packets, the sending side will fastly
reach the send window limit and must wait for the packets to be arrived
at the receiving side or in the worst case, a retransmission must be
done first. The sending side cannot release a lot of subsequent packets
in its transmq even though all of them might have already been received
by the receiving side.
That is, one or two packets dis-ordered/lost and dozens of packets have
to wait, this obviously reduces the overall throughput!

This commit introduces an algorithm to overcome this by using "Gap ACK
blocks". Basically, a Gap ACK block will consist of <ack, gap> numbers
that describes the link deferdq where packets have been got by the
receiving side but with gaps, for example:

      link deferdq: [1 2 3 4      10 11      13 14 15       20]
--> Gap ACK blocks:       <4, 5>,   <11, 1>,      <15, 4>, <20, 0>

The Gap ACK blocks will be sent to the sending side along with the
traditional ACK or NACK message. Immediately when receiving the message
the sending side will now not only release from its transmq the packets
ack-ed by the ACK but also by the Gap ACK blocks! So, more packets can
be enqueued and transmitted.
In addition, the sending side can now do "multi-retransmissions"
according to the Gaps reported in the Gap ACK blocks.

The new algorithm as verified helps greatly improve the TIPC throughput
especially under packet loss condition.

So far, a maximum of 32 blocks is quite enough without any "Too few Gap
ACK blocks" reports with a 5.0% packet loss rate, however this number
can be increased in the furture if needed.

Also, the patch is backward compatible.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NTuong Lien <tuong.t.lien@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Currently, a multicast stream uses either broadcast or replicast as
transmission method, based on the ratio between number of actual
destinations nodes and cluster size.

However, when an L2 interface (e.g., VXLAN) provides pseudo
broadcast support, this becomes very inefficient, as it blindly
replicates multicast packets to all cluster/subnet nodes,
irrespective of whether they host actual target sockets or not.

The TIPC multicast algorithm is able to distinguish real destination
nodes from other nodes, and hence provides a smarter and more
efficient method for transferring multicast messages than
pseudo broadcast can do.

Because of this, we now make it possible for users to force
the broadcast link to permanently switch to using replicast,
irrespective of which capabilities the bearer provides,
or pretend to provide.
Conversely, we also make it possible to force the broadcast link
to always use true broadcast. While maybe less useful in
deployed systems, this may at least be useful for testing the
broadcast algorithm in small clusters.

We retain the current AUTOSELECT ability, i.e., to let the broadcast link
automatically select which algorithm to use, and to switch back and forth
between broadcast and replicast as the ratio between destination
node number and cluster size changes. This remains the default method.

Furthermore, we make it possible to configure the threshold ratio for
such switches. The default ratio is now set to 10%, down from 25% in the
earlier implementation.
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NHoang Le <hoang.h.le@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When a link endpoint is re-created (e.g. after a node reboot or
interface reset), the link session number is varied by random, the peer
endpoint will be synced with this new session number before the link is
re-established.

However, there is a shortcoming in this mechanism that can lead to the
link never re-established or faced with a failure then. It happens when
the peer endpoint is ready in ESTABLISHING state, the 'peer_session' as
well as the 'in_session' flag have been set, but suddenly this link
endpoint leaves. When it comes back with a random session number, there
are two situations possible:

1/ If the random session number is larger than (or equal to) the
previous one, the peer endpoint will be updated with this new session
upon receipt of a RESET_MSG from this endpoint, and the link can be re-
established as normal. Otherwise, all the RESET_MSGs from this endpoint
will be rejected by the peer. In turn, when this link endpoint receives
one ACTIVATE_MSG from the peer, it will move to ESTABLISHED and start
to send STATE_MSGs, but again these messages will be dropped by the
peer due to wrong session.
The peer link endpoint can still become ESTABLISHED after receiving a
traffic message from this endpoint (e.g. a BCAST_PROTOCOL or
NAME_DISTRIBUTOR), but since all the STATE_MSGs are invalid, the link
will be forced down sooner or later!

Even in case the random session number is larger than the previous one,
it can be that the ACTIVATE_MSG from the peer arrives first, and this
link endpoint moves quickly to ESTABLISHED without sending out any
RESET_MSG yet. Consequently, the peer link will not be updated with the
new session number, and the same link failure scenario as above will
happen.

2/ Another situation can be that, the peer link endpoint was reset due
to any reasons in the meantime, its link state was set to RESET from
ESTABLISHING but still in session, i.e. the 'in_session' flag is not
reset...
Now, if the random session number from this endpoint is less than the
previous one, all the RESET_MSGs from this endpoint will be rejected by
the peer. In the other direction, when this link endpoint receives a
RESET_MSG from the peer, it moves to ESTABLISHING and starts to send
ACTIVATE_MSGs, but all these messages will be rejected by the peer too.
As a result, the link cannot be re-established but gets stuck with this
link endpoint in state ESTABLISHING and the peer in RESET!

Solution:

===========

This link endpoint should not go directly to ESTABLISHED when getting
ACTIVATE_MSG from the peer which may belong to the old session if the
link was re-created. To ensure the session to be correct before the
link is re-established, the peer endpoint in ESTABLISHING state will
send back the last session number in ACTIVATE_MSG for a verification at
this endpoint. Then, if needed, a new and more appropriate session
number will be regenerated to force a re-synch first.

In addition, when a link in ESTABLISHING state is reset, its state will
move to RESET according to the link FSM, along with resetting the
'in_session' flag (and the other data) as a normal link reset, it will
also be deleted if requested.

The solution is backward compatible.
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NTuong Lien <tuong.t.lien@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When we free skb at tipc_data_input, we return a 'false' boolean.
Then, skb passed to subcalling tipc_link_input in tipc_link_rcv,

<snip>
1303 int tipc_link_rcv:
...
1354    if (!tipc_data_input(l, skb, l->inputq))
1355        rc |= tipc_link_input(l, skb, l->inputq);
</snip>

Fix it by simple changing to a 'true' boolean when skb is being free-ed.
Then, tipc_link_rcv will bypassed to subcalling tipc_link_input as above
condition.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <maloy@donjonn.com>
Signed-off-by: NHoang Le <hoang.h.le@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In preparation to enabling -Wimplicit-fallthrough, mark switch cases
where we are expecting to fall through.

This patch fixes the following warnings:

net/tipc/link.c:1125:6: warning: this statement may fall through [-Wimplicit-fallthrough=]
net/tipc/socket.c:736:6: warning: this statement may fall through [-Wimplicit-fallthrough=]
net/tipc/socket.c:2418:7: warning: this statement may fall through [-Wimplicit-fallthrough=]

Warning level 3 was used: -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3

This patch is part of the ongoing efforts to enabling
-Wimplicit-fallthrough.
Signed-off-by: NGustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When sending broadcast message on high load system, there are a lot of
unnecessary packets restranmission. That issue was caused by missing in
initial criteria for retransmission.

To prevent this happen, just initialize this criteria for retransmission
in next 10 milliseconds.

Fixes: 31c4f4cc ("tipc: improve broadcast retransmission algorithm")
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NHoang Le <hoang.h.le@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The commit adds the new trace_events for TIPC link object:

trace_tipc_link_timeout()
trace_tipc_link_fsm()
trace_tipc_link_reset()
trace_tipc_link_too_silent()
trace_tipc_link_retrans()
trace_tipc_link_bc_ack()
trace_tipc_link_conges()

And the traces for PROTOCOL messages at building and receiving:

trace_tipc_proto_build()
trace_tipc_proto_rcv()

Note:
a) The 'tipc_link_too_silent' event will only happen when the
'silent_intv_cnt' is about to reach the 'abort_limit' value (and the
event is enabled). The benefit for this kind of event is that we can
get an early indication about TIPC link loss issue due to timeout, then
can do some necessary actions for troubleshooting.

For example: To trigger the 'tipc_proto_rcv' when the 'too_silent'
event occurs:

echo 'enable_event:tipc:tipc_proto_rcv' > \
      events/tipc/tipc_link_too_silent/trigger

And disable it when TIPC link is reset:

echo 'disable_event:tipc:tipc_proto_rcv' > \
      events/tipc/tipc_link_reset/trigger

b) The 'tipc_link_retrans' or 'tipc_link_bc_ack' event is useful to
trace TIPC retransmission issues.

In addition, the commit adds the 'trace_tipc_list/link_dump()' at the
'retransmission failure' case. Then, if the issue occurs, the link
'transmq' along with the link data can be dumped for post-analysis.
These dump events should be enabled by default since it will only take
effect when the failure happens.

The same approach is also applied for the faulty case that the
validation of protocol message is failed.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Tested-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NTuong Lien <tuong.t.lien@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

As for the sake of debugging/tracing, the commit enables tracepoints in
TIPC along with some general trace_events as shown below. It also
defines some 'tipc_*_dump()' functions that allow to dump TIPC object
data whenever needed, that is, for general debug purposes, ie. not just
for the trace_events.

The following trace_events are now available:

- trace_tipc_skb_dump(): allows to trace and dump TIPC msg & skb data,
  e.g. message type, user, droppable, skb truesize, cloned skb, etc.

- trace_tipc_list_dump(): allows to trace and dump any TIPC buffers or
  queues, e.g. TIPC link transmq, socket receive queue, etc.

- trace_tipc_sk_dump(): allows to trace and dump TIPC socket data, e.g.
  sk state, sk type, connection type, rmem_alloc, socket queues, etc.

- trace_tipc_link_dump(): allows to trace and dump TIPC link data, e.g.
  link state, silent_intv_cnt, gap, bc_gap, link queues, etc.

- trace_tipc_node_dump(): allows to trace and dump TIPC node data, e.g.
  node state, active links, capabilities, link entries, etc.

How to use:
Put the trace functions at any places where we want to dump TIPC data
or events.

Note:
a) The dump functions will generate raw data only, that is, to offload
the trace event's processing, it can require a tool or script to parse
the data but this should be simple.

b) The trace_tipc_*_dump() should be reserved for a failure cases only
(e.g. the retransmission failure case) or where we do not expect to
happen too often, then we can consider enabling these events by default
since they will almost not take any effects under normal conditions,
but once the rare condition or failure occurs, we get the dumped data
fully for post-analysis.

For other trace purposes, we can reuse these trace classes as template
but different events.

c) A trace_event is only effective when we enable it. To enable the
TIPC trace_events, echo 1 to 'enable' files in the events/tipc/
directory in the 'debugfs' file system. Normally, they are located at:

/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/tipc/

For example:

To enable the tipc_link_dump event:

echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/tipc/tipc_link_dump/enable

To enable all the TIPC trace_events:

echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/tipc/enable

To collect the trace data:

cat trace

or

cat trace_pipe > /trace.out &

To disable all the TIPC trace_events:

echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/tipc/enable

To clear the trace buffer:

echo > trace

d) Like the other trace_events, the feature like 'filter' or 'trigger'
is also usable for the tipc trace_events.
For more details, have a look at:

Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt

MAINTAINERS | add two new files 'trace.h' & 'trace.c' in tipc
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Tested-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NTuong Lien <tuong.t.lien@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When a link failure is detected locally, the link is reset, the flag
link->in_session is set to false, and a RESET_MSG with the 'stopping'
bit set is sent to the peer.

The purpose of this bit is to inform the peer that this endpoint just
is going down, and that the peer should handle the reception of this
particular RESET message as a local failure. This forces the peer to
accept another RESET or ACTIVATE message from this endpoint before it
can re-establish the link. This again is necessary to ensure that
link session numbers are properly exchanged before the link comes up
again.

If a failure is detected locally at the same time at the peer endpoint
this will do the same, which is also a correct behavior.

However, when receiving such messages, the endpoints will not
distinguish between 'stopping' RESETs and ordinary ones when it comes
to updating session numbers. Both endpoints will copy the received
session number and set their 'in_session' flags to true at the
reception, while they are still expecting another RESET from the
peer before they can go ahead and re-establish. This is contradictory,
since, after applying the validation check referred to below, the
'in_session' flag will cause rejection of all such messages, and the
link will never come up again.

We now fix this by not only handling received RESET/STOPPING messages
as a local failure, but also by omitting to set a new session number
and the 'in_session' flag in such cases.

Fixes: 7ea817f4 ("tipc: check session number before accepting link protocol messages")
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Currently, the broadcast retransmission algorithm is using the
'prev_retr' field in struct tipc_link to time stamp the latest broadcast
retransmission occasion. This helps to restrict retransmission of
individual broadcast packets to max once per 10 milliseconds, even
though all other criteria for retransmission are met.

We now move this time stamp to the control block of each individual
packet, and remove other limiting criteria. This simplifies the
retransmission algorithm, and eliminates any risk of logical errors
in selecting which packets can be retransmitted.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NLUU Duc Canh <canh.d.luu@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In the commit referred to below we added link tolerance as an additional
criteria for declaring broadcast transmission "stale" and resetting the
unicast links to the affected node.

Unfortunately, this 'improvement' introduced two bugs, which each and
one alone cause only limited problems, but combined lead to seemingly
stochastic unicast link resets, depending on the amount of broadcast
traffic transmitted.

The first issue, a missing initialization of the 'tolerance' field of
the receiver broadcast link, was recently fixed by commit 047491ea
("tipc: set link tolerance correctly in broadcast link").

Ths second issue, where we omit to reset the 'stale_cnt' field of
the same link after a 'stale' period is over, leads to this counter
accumulating over time, and in the absence of the 'tolerance' criteria
leads to the above described symptoms. This commit adds the missing
initialization.

Fixes: a4dc70d4 ("tipc: extend link reset criteria for stale packet retransmission")
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When booting kernel with LOCKDEP option, below warning info was found:

WARNING: possible recursive locking detected
4.19.0-rc7+ #14 Not tainted
--------------------------------------------
swapper/0/1 is trying to acquire lock:
00000000dcfc0fc8 (&(&list->lock)->rlock#4){+...}, at: spin_lock_bh
include/linux/spinlock.h:334 [inline]
00000000dcfc0fc8 (&(&list->lock)->rlock#4){+...}, at:
tipc_link_reset+0x125/0xdf0 net/tipc/link.c:850

but task is already holding lock:
00000000cbb9b036 (&(&list->lock)->rlock#4){+...}, at: spin_lock_bh
include/linux/spinlock.h:334 [inline]
00000000cbb9b036 (&(&list->lock)->rlock#4){+...}, at:
tipc_link_reset+0xfa/0xdf0 net/tipc/link.c:849

other info that might help us debug this:
 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0
       ----
  lock(&(&list->lock)->rlock#4);
  lock(&(&list->lock)->rlock#4);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

 May be due to missing lock nesting notation

2 locks held by swapper/0/1:
 #0: 00000000f7539d34 (pernet_ops_rwsem){+.+.}, at:
register_pernet_subsys+0x19/0x40 net/core/net_namespace.c:1051
 #1: 00000000cbb9b036 (&(&list->lock)->rlock#4){+...}, at:
spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:334 [inline]
 #1: 00000000cbb9b036 (&(&list->lock)->rlock#4){+...}, at:
tipc_link_reset+0xfa/0xdf0 net/tipc/link.c:849

stack backtrace:
CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.19.0-rc7+ #14
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.10.2-1 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
 dump_stack+0x1af/0x295 lib/dump_stack.c:113
 print_deadlock_bug kernel/locking/lockdep.c:1759 [inline]
 check_deadlock kernel/locking/lockdep.c:1803 [inline]
 validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2399 [inline]
 __lock_acquire+0xf1e/0x3c60 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3411
 lock_acquire+0x1db/0x520 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3900
 __raw_spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:135 [inline]
 _raw_spin_lock_bh+0x31/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:168
 spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:334 [inline]
 tipc_link_reset+0x125/0xdf0 net/tipc/link.c:850
 tipc_link_bc_create+0xb5/0x1f0 net/tipc/link.c:526
 tipc_bcast_init+0x59b/0xab0 net/tipc/bcast.c:521
 tipc_init_net+0x472/0x610 net/tipc/core.c:82
 ops_init+0xf7/0x520 net/core/net_namespace.c:129
 __register_pernet_operations net/core/net_namespace.c:940 [inline]
 register_pernet_operations+0x453/0xac0 net/core/net_namespace.c:1011
 register_pernet_subsys+0x28/0x40 net/core/net_namespace.c:1052
 tipc_init+0x83/0x104 net/tipc/core.c:140
 do_one_initcall+0x109/0x70a init/main.c:885
 do_initcall_level init/main.c:953 [inline]
 do_initcalls init/main.c:961 [inline]
 do_basic_setup init/main.c:979 [inline]
 kernel_init_freeable+0x4bd/0x57f init/main.c:1144
 kernel_init+0x13/0x180 init/main.c:1063
 ret_from_fork+0x3a/0x50 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:413

The reason why the noise above was complained by LOCKDEP is because we
nested to hold l->wakeupq.lock and l->inputq->lock in tipc_link_reset
function. In fact it's unnecessary to move skb buffer from l->wakeupq
queue to l->inputq queue while holding the two locks at the same time.
Instead, we can move skb buffers in l->wakeupq queue to a temporary
list first and then move the buffers of the temporary list to l->inputq
queue, which is also safe for us.

Fixes: 3f32d0be ("tipc: lock wakeup & inputq at tipc_link_reset()")
Reported-by: NDmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In the patch referred to below we added link tolerance as an additional
criteria for declaring broadcast transmission "stale" and resetting the
affected links.

However, the 'tolerance' field of the broadcast link is never set, and
remains at zero. This renders the whole commit without the intended
improving effect, but luckily also with no negative effect.

In this commit we add the missing initialization.

Fixes: a4dc70d4 ("tipc: extend link reset criteria for stale packet retransmission")
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The initial session number when a link is created is based on a random
value, taken from struct tipc_net->random. It is then incremented for
each link reset to avoid mixing protocol messages from different link
sessions.

However, when a bearer is reset all its links are deleted, and will
later be re-created using the same random value as the first time.
This means that if the link never went down between creation and
deletion we will still sometimes have two subsequent sessions with
the same session number. In virtual environments with potentially
long transmission times this has turned out to be a real problem.

We now fix this by randomizing the session number each time a link
is created.

With a session number size of 16 bits this gives a risk of session
collision of 1/64k. To reduce this further, we also introduce a sanity
check on the very first STATE message arriving at a link. If this has
an acknowledge value differing from 0, which is logically impossible,
we ignore the message. The final risk for session collision is hence
reduced to 1/4G, which should be sufficient.
Signed-off-by: NLUU Duc Canh <canh.d.luu@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We see the following scenario:
1) Link endpoint B on node 1 discovers that its peer endpoint is gone.
   Since there is a second working link, failover procedure is started.
2) Link endpoint A on node 1 sends a FAILOVER message to peer endpoint
   A on node 2. The node item 1->2 goes to state FAILINGOVER.
3) Linke endpoint A/2 receives the failover, and is supposed to take
   down its parallell link endpoint B/2, while producing a FAILOVER
   message to send back to A/1.
4) However, B/2 has already been deleted, so no FAILOVER message can
   created.
5) Node 1->2 remains in state FAILINGOVER forever, refusing to receive
   any messages that can bring B/1 up again. We are left with a non-
   redundant link between node 1 and 2.

We fix this with letting endpoint A/2 build a dummy FAILOVER message
to send to back to A/1, so that the situation can be resolved.
Signed-off-by: NLUU Duc Canh <canh.d.luu@dektech.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In tipc_link_reset() we copy the wakeup queue to input queue using
skb_queue_splice_init(link->wakeupq, link->inputq).
This is performed without holding any locks. The lists might be
simultaneously be accessed by other cpu threads in tipc_sk_rcv(),
something leading to to random missing packets.
Signed-off-by: NParthasarathy Bhuvaragan <parthasarathy.bhuvaragan@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Fixes the following sparse warnings:

net/tipc/link.c:376:5: warning: symbol 'link_bc_rcv_gap' was not declared. Should it be static?
net/tipc/link.c:823:6: warning: symbol 'link_prepare_wakeup' was not declared. Should it be static?
net/tipc/link.c:959:6: warning: symbol 'tipc_link_advance_backlog' was not declared. Should it be static?
net/tipc/link.c:1009:5: warning: symbol 'tipc_link_retrans' was not declared. Should it be static?
net/tipc/monitor.c:687:5: warning: symbol '__tipc_nl_add_monitor_peer' was not declared. Should it be static?
net/tipc/group.c:230:20: warning: symbol 'tipc_group_find_member' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: NYueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

tipc_link_is_active is no longer used and can be removed.
Signed-off-by: NYueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com>
Acked-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In some virtual environments we observe a significant higher number of
packet reordering and delays than we have been used to traditionally.

This makes it necessary with stricter checks on incoming link protocol
messages' session number, which until now only has been validated for
RESET messages.

Since the other two message types, ACTIVATE and STATE messages also
carry this number, it is easy to extend the validation check to those
messages.

We also introduce a flag indicating if a link has a valid peer session
number or not. This eliminates the mixing of 32- and 16-bit arithmethics
we are currently using to achieve this.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Some switch infrastructures produce huge amounts of packet duplicates.
This becomes a problem if those messages are STATE/NACK protocol
messages, causing unnecessary retransmissions of already accepted
packets.

We now introduce a unique sequence number per STATE protocol message
so that duplicates can be identified and ignored. This will also be
useful when tracing such cases, and to avert replay attacks when TIPC
is encrypted.

For compatibility reasons we have to introduce a new capability flag
TIPC_LINK_PROTO_SEQNO to handle this new feature.
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Currently a link is declared stale and reset if there has been 100
repeated attempts to retransmit the same packet. However, in certain
infrastructures we see that packet (NACK) duplicates and delays may
cause such retransmit attempts to occur at a high rate, so that the
peer doesn't have a reasonable chance to acknowledge the reception
before the 100-limit is hit. This may take much less than the
stipulated link tolerance time, and despite that probe/probe replies
otherwise go through as normal.

We now extend the criteria for link reset to also being time based.
I.e., we don't reset the link until the link tolerance time is passed
AND we have made 100 retransmissions attempts.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In preparation to enabling -Wimplicit-fallthrough, mark switch cases
where we are expecting to fall through.

Warning level 2 was used: -Wimplicit-fallthrough=2
Signed-off-by: NGustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

gcc points out that the combined length of the fixed-length inputs to
l->name is larger than the destination buffer size:

net/tipc/link.c: In function 'tipc_link_create':
net/tipc/link.c:465:26: error: '%s' directive writing up to 32 bytes
into a region of size between 26 and 58 [-Werror=format-overflow=]
sprintf(l->name, "%s:%s-%s:unknown", self_str, if_name, peer_str);

net/tipc/link.c:465:2: note: 'sprintf' output 11 or more bytes
(assuming 75) into a destination of size 60
sprintf(l->name, "%s:%s-%s:unknown", self_str, if_name, peer_str);

A detailed analysis reveals that the theoretical maximum length of
a link name is:
max self_str + 1 + max if_name + 1 + max peer_str + 1 + max if_name =
16 + 1 + 15 + 1 + 16 + 1 + 15 = 65
Since we also need space for a trailing zero we now set MAX_LINK_NAME
to 68.

Just to be on the safe side we also replace the sprintf() call with
snprintf().

Fixes: 25b0b9c4 ("tipc: handle collisions of 32-bit node address
hash values")
Reported-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The current design of the binding table has an unnecessary memory
consuming and complex data structure. It aggregates the service range
items into an array, which is expanded by a factor two every time it
becomes too small to hold a new item. Furthermore, the arrays never
shrink when the number of ranges diminishes.

We now replace this array with an RB tree that is holding the range
items as tree nodes, each range directly holding a list of bindings.

This, along with a few name changes, improves both readability and
volume of the code, as well as reducing memory consumption and hopefully
improving cache hit rate.
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When a 32-bit node address is generated from a 128-bit identifier,
there is a risk of collisions which must be discovered and handled.

We do this as follows:
- We don't apply the generated address immediately to the node, but do
  instead initiate a 1 sec trial period to allow other cluster members
  to discover and handle such collisions.

- During the trial period the node periodically sends out a new type
  of message, DSC_TRIAL_MSG, using broadcast or emulated broadcast,
  to all the other nodes in the cluster.

- When a node is receiving such a message, it must check that the
  presented 32-bit identifier either is unused, or was used by the very
  same peer in a previous session. In both cases it accepts the request
  by not responding to it.

- If it finds that the same node has been up before using a different
  address, it responds with a DSC_TRIAL_FAIL_MSG containing that
  address.

- If it finds that the address has already been taken by some other
  node, it generates a new, unused address and returns it to the
  requester.

- During the trial period the requesting node must always be prepared
  to accept a failure message, i.e., a message where a peer suggests a
  different (or equal)  address to the one tried. In those cases it
  must apply the suggested value as trial address and restart the trial
  period.

This algorithm ensures that in the vast majority of cases a node will
have the same address before and after a reboot. If a legacy user
configures the address explicitly, there will be no trial period and
messages, so this protocol addition is completely backwards compatible.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We add a 128-bit node identity, as an alternative to the currently used
32-bit node address.

For the sake of compatibility and to minimize message header changes
we retain the existing 32-bit address field. When not set explicitly by
the user, this field will be filled with a hash value generated from the
much longer node identity, and be used as a shorthand value for the
latter.

We permit either the address or the identity to be set by configuration,
but not both, so when the address value is set by a legacy user the
corresponding 128-bit node identity is generated based on the that value.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

As a preparation to changing the addressing structure of TIPC we replace
all direct accesses to the tipc_net::own_addr field with the function
dedicated for this, tipc_own_addr().

There are no changes to program logics in this commit.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Nominally, TIPC organizes network nodes into a three-level network
hierarchy consisting of the levels 'zone', 'cluster' and 'node'. This
hierarchy is reflected in the node address format, - it is sub-divided
into an 8-bit zone id, and 12 bit cluster id, and a 12-bit node id.

However, the 'zone' and 'cluster' levels have in reality never been
fully implemented,and never will be. The result of this has been
that the first 20 bits the node identity structure have been wasted,
and the usable node identity range within a cluster has been limited
to 12 bits. This is starting to become a problem.

In the following commits, we will need to be able to connect between
nodes which are using the whole 32-bit value space of the node address.
We therefore remove the restrictions on which values can be assigned
to node identity, -it is from now on only a 32-bit integer with no
assumed internal structure.

Isolation between clusters is now achieved only by setting different
values for the 'network id' field used during neighbor discovery, in
practice leading to the latter becoming the new cluster identity.

The rules for accepting discovery requests/responses from neighboring
nodes now become:

- If the user is using legacy address format on both peers, reception
  of discovery messages is subject to the legacy lookup domain check
  in addition to the cluster id check.

- Otherwise, the discovery request/response is always accepted, provided
  both peers have the same network id.

This secures backwards compatibility for users who have been using zone
or cluster identities as cluster separators, instead of the intended
'network id'.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Currently, the default link tolerance set in struct tipc_bearer only
has effect on links going up after that moment. I.e., a user has to
reset all the node's links across that bearer to have the new value
applied. This is too limiting and disturbing on a running cluster to
be useful.

We now change this so that also already existing links are updated
dynamically, without any need for a reset, when the bearer value is
changed. We leverage the already existing per-link functionality
for this to achieve the wanted effect.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When sending node local messages the code is using an 'mtu' of 66060
bytes to avoid unnecessary fragmentation. During situations of low
memory tipc_msg_build() may sometimes fail to allocate such large
buffers, resulting in unnecessary send failures. This can easily be
remedied by falling back to a smaller MTU, and then reassemble the
buffer chain as if the message were arriving from a remote node.

At the same time, we change the initial MTU setting of the broadcast
link to a lower value, so that large messages always are fragmented
into smaller buffers even when we run in single node mode. Apart from
obtaining the same advantage as for the 'fallback' solution above, this
turns out to give a significant performance improvement. This can
probably be explained with the __pskb_copy() operation performed on the
buffer for each recipient during reception. We found the optimal value
for this, considering the most relevant skb pool, to be 3744 bytes.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Currently, the TIPC RPS dissector is based only on the incoming packets'
source node address, hence steering all traffic from a node to the same
core. We have seen that this makes the links vulnerable to starvation
and unnecessary resets when we turn down the link tolerance to very low
values.

To reduce the risk of this happening, we exempt probe and probe replies
packets from the convergence to one core per source node. Instead, we do
the opposite, - we try to diverge those packets across as many cores as
possible, by randomizing the flow selector key.

To make such packets identifiable to the dissector, we add a new
'is_keepalive' bit to word 0 of the LINK_PROTOCOL header. This bit is
set both for PROBE and PROBE_REPLY messages, and only for those.

It should be noted that these packets are not part of any flow anyway,
and only constitute a minuscule fraction of all packets sent across a
link. Hence, there is no risk that this will affect overall performance.
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In commit 2f487712 ("tipc: guarantee that group broadcast doesn't
bypass group unicast") there was introduced a last-minute rebasing
error that broke non-group communication.

We fix this here.
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The following scenario is possible:
- A user joins a group, and immediately sends out a broadcast message
  to its members.
- The broadcast message, following a different data path than the
  initial JOIN message sent out during the joining procedure, arrives
  to a receiver before the latter..
- The receiver drops the message, since it is not ready to accept any
  messages until the JOIN has arrived.

We avoid this by treating group protocol JOIN messages like unicast
messages.
- We let them pass through the recipient's multicast input queue, just
  like ordinary unicasts.
- We force the first following broadacst to be sent as replicated
  unicast and being acknowledged by the recipient before accepting
  any more broadcast transmissions.
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

We need a mechanism guaranteeing that group unicasts sent out from a
socket are not bypassed by later sent broadcasts from the same socket.
We do this as follows:

- Each time a unicast is sent, we set a the broadcast method for the
  socket to "replicast" and "mandatory". This forces the first
  subsequent broadcast message to follow the same network and data path
  as the preceding unicast to a destination, hence preventing it from
  overtaking the latter.

- In order to make the 'same data path' statement above true, we let
  group unicasts pass through the multicast link input queue, instead
  of as previously through the unicast link input queue.

- In the first broadcast following a unicast, we set a new header flag,
  requiring all recipients to immediately acknowledge its reception.

- During the period before all the expected acknowledges are received,
  the socket refuses to accept any more broadcast attempts, i.e., by
  blocking or returning EAGAIN. This period should typically not be
  longer than a few microseconds.

- When all acknowledges have been received, the sending socket will
  open up for subsequent broadcasts, this time giving the link layer
  freedom to itself select the best transmission method.

- The forced and/or abrupt transmission method changes described above
  may lead to broadcasts arriving out of order to the recipients. We
  remedy this by introducing code that checks and if necessary
  re-orders such messages at the receiving end.
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

As a preparation for introducing flow control for multicast and datagram
messaging we need a more strictly defined framework than we have now. A
socket must be able keep track of exactly how many and which other
sockets it is allowed to communicate with at any moment, and keep the
necessary state for those.

We therefore introduce a new concept we have named Communication Group.
Sockets can join a group via a new setsockopt() call TIPC_GROUP_JOIN.
The call takes four parameters: 'type' serves as group identifier,
'instance' serves as an logical member identifier, and 'scope' indicates
the visibility of the group (node/cluster/zone). Finally, 'flags' makes
it possible to set certain properties for the member. For now, there is
only one flag, indicating if the creator of the socket wants to receive
a copy of broadcast or multicast messages it is sending via the socket,
and if wants to be eligible as destination for its own anycasts.

A group is closed, i.e., sockets which have not joined a group will
not be able to send messages to or receive messages from members of
the group, and vice versa.

Any member of a group can send multicast ('group broadcast') messages
to all group members, optionally including itself, using the primitive
send(). The messages are received via the recvmsg() primitive. A socket
can only be member of one group at a time.
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When the broadcast send link after 100 attempts has failed to
transfer a packet to all peers, we consider it stale, and reset
it. Thereafter it needs to re-synchronize with the peers, something
currently done by just resetting and re-establishing all links to
all peers. This has turned out to be overkill, with potentially
unwanted consequences for the remaining cluster.

A closer analysis reveals that this can be done much simpler. When
this kind of failure happens, for reasons that may lie outside the
TIPC protocol, it is typically only one peer which is failing to
receive and acknowledge packets. It is hence sufficient to identify
and reset the links only to that peer to resolve the situation, without
having to reset the broadcast link at all. This solution entails a much
lower risk of negative consequences for the own node as well as for
the overall cluster.

We implement this change in this commit.
Reviewed-by: NParthasarathy Bhuvaragan <parthasarathy.bhuvaragan@ericsson.com>
Acked-by: NYing Xue <ying.xue@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NJon Maloy <jon.maloy@ericsson.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>