Just copy the inline data into the page using the existing helper.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Add support for reading from and writing to inline data to iomap_dio_rw.
This saves filesystems from having to implement fallback code for this
case.

The inline data is actually cached in the inode, so the I/O is only
direct in the sense that it doesn't go through the page cache.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Split the function up into two helpers for the bio based I/O and hole
case, and a small helper to call the two.  This separates the code a
little better in preparation for supporting I/O to inline data.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

For now just limited to blocksize == PAGE_SIZE, where we can simply read
in the full page in write begin, and just set the whole page dirty after
copying data into it.  This code is enabled by default and XFS will now
be feed pages without buffer heads in ->writepage and ->writepages.

If a file system sets the IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD flag on the iomap the old
path will still be used, this both helps the transition in XFS and
prepares for the gfs2 migration to the iomap infrastructure.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NBrian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Simply use iomap_apply to iterate over the file and a submit a bio for
each non-uptodate but mapped region and zero everything else.  Note that
as-is this can not be used for file systems with a blocksize smaller than
the page size, but that support will be added later.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

This will be used by gfs2 to attach data to transactions for the journaled
data mode.  But the concept is generic enough that we might be able to
use it for other purposes like encryption/integrity post-processing in the
future.

Based on a patch from Andreas Gruenbacher.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Add generic inline data handling by adding a pointer to the inline data
region to struct iomap.  When handling a buffered IOMAP_INLINE write,
iomap_write_begin will copy the current inline data from the inline data
region into the page cache, and iomap_write_end will copy the changes in
the page cache back to the inline data region.

This doesn't cover inline data reads and direct I/O yet because so far,
we have no users.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
[hch: small cleanups to better fit in with other iomap work]
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

According to xfstest generic/240, applications seem to expect direct I/O
writes to either complete as a whole or to fail; short direct I/O writes
are apparently not appreciated.  This means that when only part of an
asynchronous direct I/O write succeeds, we can either fail the entire
write, or we can wait for the partial write to complete and retry the
remaining write as buffered I/O.  The old __blockdev_direct_IO helper
has code for waiting for partial writes to complete; the new
iomap_dio_rw iomap helper does not.

The above mentioned fallback mode is needed for gfs2, which doesn't
allow block allocations under direct I/O to avoid taking cluster-wide
exclusive locks.  As a consequence, an asynchronous direct I/O write to
a file range that contains a hole will result in a short write.  In that
case, wait for the short write to complete to allow gfs2 to recover.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Swap files require that all the file mapping metadata be stable on disk.
It is insufficient to flush dirty pages in the page cache because that
won't necessarily result in filesystems pushing all their metadata out
to disk.  Therefore, call fsync from iomap_swapfile_activate.
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>

This way the implementation doesn't depend on buffer_head internals.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

We only call into this function through the iomap iterators, so we already
know the buffer is unwritten.  In addition to that we always require the
uptodate flag that is ORed with the result anyway.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

This function is only used by the iomap code, depends on being called
from it, and will soon stop poking into buffer head internals.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

This adds a simple iomap-based implementation of the legacy ->bmap
interface.  Note that we can't easily add checks for rt or reflink
files, so these will have to remain in the callers.  This interface
just needs to die..
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Factor the repeated calculation of the on-disk sector for a given logical
block into a littler helper.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

We don't need any merging logic, and this also replaces a BUG_ON with a
WARN_ON_ONCE inside __bio_add_page for the impossible overflow condition.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Inline data is fundamentally different from our normal mapped case in that
it doesn't even have a block address.  So instead of having a flag for it
it should be an entirely separate iomap range type.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Now that kiocb has an ioprio field copy this over to the bio when it is
created from the kiocb during direct IO.
Signed-off-by: NAdam Manzanares <adam.manzanares@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: NJeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

generic_swapfile_activate() doesn't allow holes, so we should be
consistent here. This is also a bit safer: if the user creates a
swapfile with, say, truncate -s $SIZE followed by mkswap, they should
really get an error and not much less swap space than they expected.
swapon(8) will error out before calling swapon(2) if the file has holes,
anyways.

Fixes: 9d93388b0afe ("iomap: add a swapfile activation function")
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NOmar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Currently, for an invalid swap file, we print the same error message
regardless of the reason. This isn't very useful for an admin, who will
likely want to know why exactly they can't use their swap file. So,
let's add specific error messages for each reason, and also move the
bdev check after the flags checks, since the latter are more
fundamental.
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NOmar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Add a new iomap_swapfile_activate function so that filesystems can
activate swap files without having to use the obsolete and slow bmap
function.  This enables XFS to support fallocate'd swap files and
swap files on realtime devices.
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>

If we are doing direct IO writes with datasync semantics, we often
have to flush metadata changes along with the data write. However,
if we are overwriting existing data, there are no metadata changes
that we need to flush. In this case, optimising the IO by using
FUA write makes sense.

We know from the IOMAP_F_DIRTY flag as to whether a specific inode
requires a metadata flush - this is currently used by DAX to ensure
extent modification as stable in page fault operations. For direct
IO writes, we can use it to determine if we need to flush metadata
or not once the data is on disk.

Hence if we have been returned a mapped extent that is not new and
the IO mapping is not dirty, then we can use a FUA write to provide
datasync semantics. This allows us to short-cut the
generic_write_sync() call in IO completion and hence avoid
unnecessary operations. This makes pure direct IO data write
behaviour identical to the way block devices use REQ_FUA to provide
datasync semantics.

On a FUA enabled device, a synchronous direct IO write workload
(sequential 4k overwrites in 32MB file) had the following results:

# xfs_io -fd -c "pwrite -V 1 -D 0 32m" /mnt/scratch/boo

kernel		time	write()s	write iops	Write b/w
------		----	--------	----------	---------
(no dsync)	 4s	2173/s		2173		8.5MB/s
vanilla		22s	 370/s		 750		1.4MB/s
patched		19s	 420/s		 420		1.6MB/s

The patched code clearly doesn't send cache flushes anymore, but
instead uses FUA (confirmed via blktrace), and performance improves
a bit as a result. However, the benefits will be higher on workloads
that mix O_DSYNC overwrites with other write IO as we won't be
flushing the entire device cache on every DSYNC overwrite IO
anymore.
Signed-Off-By: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Currently iomap_dio_rw() only handles (data)sync write completions
for AIO. This means we can't optimised non-AIO IO to minimise device
flushes as we can't tell the caller whether a flush is required or
not.

To solve this problem and enable further optimisations, make
iomap_dio_rw responsible for data sync behaviour for all IO, not
just AIO.

In doing so, the sync operation is now accounted as part of the DIO
IO by inode_dio_end(), hence post-IO data stability updates will no
long race against operations that serialise via inode_dio_wait()
such as truncate or hole punch.
Signed-Off-By: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Don't let the iomap callback get away with feeding us a garbage zero
length mapping -- there was a bug in xfs that resulted in those leaking
out to hilarious effect.
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>

If two programs simultaneously try to write to the same part of a file
via direct IO and buffered IO, there's a chance that the post-diowrite
pagecache invalidation will fail on the dirty page.  When this happens,
the dio write succeeded, which means that the page cache is no longer
coherent with the disk!

Programs are not supposed to mix IO types and this is a clear case of
data corruption, so store an EIO which will be reflected to userspace
during the next fsync.  Replace the WARN_ON with a ratelimited pr_crit
so that the developers have /some/ kind of breadcrumb to track down the
offending program(s) and file(s) involved.
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NLiu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>

That we we can also poll non blk-mq queues.  Mostly needed for
the NVMe multipath code, but could also be useful elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NHannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Commit 332391a9 ("fs: Fix page cache inconsistency when mixing
buffered and AIO DIO") moved page cache invalidation from
iomap_dio_rw() to iomap_dio_complete() for iomap based direct write
path, but before the dio->end_io() call, and it re-introdued the bug
fixed by commit c771c14b ("iomap: invalidate page caches should
be after iomap_dio_complete() in direct write").

I found this because fstests generic/418 started failing on XFS with
v4.14-rc3 kernel, which is the regression test for this specific
bug.

So similarly, fix it by moving dio->end_io() (which does the
unwritten extent conversion) before page cache invalidation, to make
sure next buffer read reads the final real allocations not unwritten
extents. I also add some comments about why should end_io() go first
in case we get it wrong again in the future.

Note that, there's no such problem in the non-iomap based direct
write path, because we didn't remove the page cache invalidation
after the ->direct_IO() in generic_file_direct_write() call, but I
decided to fix dio_complete() too so we don't leave a landmine
there, also be consistent with iomap_dio_complete().

Fixes: 332391a9 ("fs: Fix page cache inconsistency when mixing buffered and AIO DIO")
Signed-off-by: NEryu Guan <eguan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: NLukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>

1) Ignoring return value from iov_iter_zero() is wrong
for iovec-backed case as well as for pipes - it can fail.

2) Failure to fault destination pages in 25Mb into a 50Mb iovec
should not act as if nothing in the area had been read, nevermind
that the first 25Mb might have *already* been read by that point.
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Add a new IOMAP_F_DATA_INLINE flag to indicate that a mapping is in a
disk area that contains data as well as metadata.  In iomap_fiemap, map
this flag to FIEMAP_EXTENT_DATA_INLINE.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NTheodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>

Replace iomap->blkno, the sector number, with iomap->addr, the disk
offset in bytes.  For invalid disk offsets, use the special value
IOMAP_NULL_ADDR instead of IOMAP_NULL_BLOCK.

This allows to use iomap for mappings which are not block aligned, such
as inline data on ext4.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NTheodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>  # iomap, xfs
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>

Executing xfs/104 test in a loop on Linux-v4.13 kernel on a ppc64
machine can cause the following NULL pointer dereference,

.queue_work_on+0x4c/0x80
.iomap_dio_bio_end_io+0xbc/0x1f0
.bio_endio+0x118/0x1f0
.blk_update_request+0xd0/0x470
.blk_mq_end_request+0x24/0xc0
.lo_complete_rq+0x40/0xe0
.__blk_mq_complete_request_remote+0x28/0x40
.flush_smp_call_function_queue+0xc4/0x1e0
.smp_ipi_demux_relaxed+0x8c/0x100
.icp_hv_ipi_action+0x54/0xa0
.__handle_irq_event_percpu+0x84/0x2c0
.handle_irq_event_percpu+0x28/0x80
.handle_percpu_irq+0x78/0xc0
.generic_handle_irq+0x40/0x70
.__do_irq+0x88/0x200
.call_do_irq+0x14/0x24
.do_IRQ+0x84/0x130

This occurs due to the following sequence of events,

1. Allocate dio for Direct I/O write.
2. Invoke iomap_apply() until iov_iter_count() bytes have been submitted.
   - Assume that we have submitted atleast one bio. Hence iomap_dio->ref value
     will be >= 2.
   - If during the second iteration, iomap_apply() ends up returning -ENOSPC, we would
     break out of the loop and since the 'ret' value is a negative number we
     end up not allocating memory for super_block->s_dio_done_wq.
3. Meanwhile, iomap_dio_bio_end_io() is invoked for bios that have been
   submitted and here the code ends up dereferencing the NULL pointer stored
   at super_block->s_dio_done_wq.

This commit fixes the bug by allocating memory for
super_block->s_dio_done_wq before iomap_apply() is invoked.
Reported-by: NEryu Guan <eguan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Tested-by: NEryu Guan <eguan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NChandan Rajendra <chandan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Currently when mixing buffered reads and asynchronous direct writes it
is possible to end up with the situation where we have stale data in the
page cache while the new data is already written to disk. This is
permanent until the affected pages are flushed away. Despite the fact
that mixing buffered and direct IO is ill-advised it does pose a thread
for a data integrity, is unexpected and should be fixed.

Fix this by deferring completion of asynchronous direct writes to a
process context in the case that there are mapped pages to be found in
the inode. Later before the completion in dio_complete() invalidate
the pages in question. This ensures that after the completion the pages
in the written area are either unmapped, or populated with up-to-date
data. Also do the same for the iomap case which uses
iomap_dio_complete() instead.

This has a side effect of deferring the completion to a process context
for every AIO DIO that happens on inode that has pages mapped. However
since the consensus is that this is ill-advised practice the performance
implication should not be a problem.

This was based on proposal from Jeff Moyer, thanks!
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NJeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NLukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

All callers will need the VM_FAULT_* flags, so convert in the helper.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NRoss Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

This way we don't need a block_device structure to submit I/O.  The
block_device has different life time rules from the gendisk and
request_queue and is usually only available when the block device node
is open.  Other callers need to explicitly create one (e.g. the lightnvm
passthrough code, or the new nvme multipathing code).

For the actual I/O path all that we need is the gendisk, which exists
once per block device.  But given that the block layer also does
partition remapping we additionally need a partition index, which is
used for said remapping in generic_make_request.

Note that all the block drivers generally want request_queue or
sometimes the gendisk, so this removes a layer of indirection all
over the stack.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Fix the min_t calls in the zeroing and dirtying helpers to perform the
comparisms on 64-bit types, which prevents them from incorrectly
being truncated, and larger zeroing operations being stuck in a never
ending loop.

Special thanks to Markus Stockhausen for spotting the bug.
Reported-by: NPaul Menzel <pmenzel@molgen.mpg.de>
Tested-by: NPaul Menzel <pmenzel@molgen.mpg.de>
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

In the iomap implementations of SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA, make sure we
return -ENXIO for negative offsets.
Inspired-by: NMateusz S <muttdini@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Filesystems can use this for implementing lseek SEEK_HOLE / SEEK_DATA
support via iomap.
Signed-off-by: NAndreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
[hch: split functions, coding style cleanups]
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDarrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>

Reviewed-by: NAndreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>
Reviewed-by: NMartin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

IOCB_NOWAIT translates to IOMAP_NOWAIT for iomaps.
This is used by XFS in the XFS patch.
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NGoldwyn Rodrigues <rgoldwyn@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Replace bi_error with a new bi_status to allow for a clear conversion.
Note that device mapper overloaded bi_error with a private value, which
we'll have to keep arround at least for now and thus propagate to a
proper blk_status_t value.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

Commit afddba49 ("fs: introduce write_begin, write_end, and
perform_write aops") introduced AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE flag which was
checked in pagecache_write_begin(), but that check was removed by
4e02ed4b ("fs: remove prepare_write/commit_write").

Between these two commits, commit d9414774 ("cifs: Convert cifs to
new aops.") added a check in cifs_write_begin(), but that check was soon
removed by commit a98ee8c1 ("[CIFS] fix regression in
cifs_write_begin/cifs_write_end").

Therefore, AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE flag is checked nowhere.  Let's
remove this flag.  This patch has no functionality changes.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1489294781-53494-1-git-send-email-penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jpSigned-off-by: NTetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reviewed-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>