If final packet (ACK) of 3WHS is lost, it appears we do not properly
account the following incoming segment into tcpi_segs_in

While we are at it, starts segs_in with one, to count the SYN packet.

We do not yet count number of SYN we received for a request sock, we
might add this someday.

packetdrill script showing proper behavior after fix :

// Tests tcpi_segs_in when 3rd packet (ACK) of 3WHS is lost
0.000 socket(..., SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP) = 3
   +0 setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, [1], 4) = 0
   +0 bind(3, ..., ...) = 0
   +0 listen(3, 1) = 0

   +0 < S 0:0(0) win 32792 <mss 1000,sackOK,nop,nop>
   +0 > S. 0:0(0) ack 1 <mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK>
+.020 < P. 1:1001(1000) ack 1 win 32792

   +0 accept(3, ..., ...) = 4

+.000 %{ assert tcpi_segs_in == 2, 'tcpi_segs_in=%d' % tcpi_segs_in }%

Fixes: 2efd055c ("tcp: add tcpi_segs_in and tcpi_segs_out to tcp_info")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Hannes points out that when we generate tcp reset for timewait sockets we
pretend we found no socket and pass NULL sk to tcp_vX_send_reset().

Make it cope with inet tw sockets and then provide tw sk.

This makes RSTs appear on correct interface when SO_BINDTODEVICE is used.

Packetdrill test case:
// want default route to be used, we rely on BINDTODEVICE
`ip route del 192.0.2.0/24 via 192.168.0.2 dev tun0`

0.000 socket(..., SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP) = 3
// test case still works due to BINDTODEVICE
0.001 setsockopt(3, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, "tun0", 4) = 0
0.100...0.200 connect(3, ..., ...) = 0

0.100 > S 0:0(0) <mss 1460,sackOK,nop,nop>
0.200 < S. 0:0(0) ack 1 win 32792 <mss 1460,sackOK,nop,nop>
0.200 > . 1:1(0) ack 1

0.210 close(3) = 0

0.210 > F. 1:1(0) ack 1 win 29200
0.300 < . 1:1(0) ack 2 win 46

// more data while in FIN_WAIT2, expect RST
1.300 < P. 1:1001(1000) ack 1 win 46

// fails without this change -- default route is used
1.301 > R 1:1(0) win 0
Reported-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

For the reasons explained in commit ce105008 ("tcp/dccp: fix
ireq->pktopts race"), we need to make sure we do not access
req->saved_syn unless we own the request sock.

This fixes races for listeners using TCP_SAVE_SYN option.

Fixes: e994b2f0 ("tcp: do not lock listener to process SYN packets")
Fixes: 079096f1 ("tcp/dccp: install syn_recv requests into ehash table")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reported-by: NYing Cai <ycai@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Multiple cpus can process duplicates of incoming ACK messages
matching a SYN_RECV request socket. This is a rare event under
normal operations, but definitely can happen.

Only one must win the race, otherwise corruption would occur.

To fix this without adding new atomic ops, we use logic in
inet_ehash_nolisten() to detect the request was present in the same
ehash bucket where we try to insert the new child.

If request socket was not found, we have to undo the child creation.

This actually removes a spin_lock()/spin_unlock() pair in
reqsk_queue_unlink() for the fast path.

Fixes: e994b2f0 ("tcp: do not lock listener to process SYN packets")
Fixes: 079096f1 ("tcp/dccp: install syn_recv requests into ehash table")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch is the first half of the RACK loss recovery.

RACK loss recovery uses the notion of time instead
of packet sequence (FACK) or counts (dupthresh). It's inspired by the
previous FACK heuristic in tcp_mark_lost_retrans(): when a limited
transmit (new data packet) is sacked, then current retransmitted
sequence below the newly sacked sequence must been lost,
since at least one round trip time has elapsed.

But it has several limitations:
1) can't detect tail drops since it depends on limited transmit
2) is disabled upon reordering (assumes no reordering)
3) only enabled in fast recovery ut not timeout recovery

RACK (Recently ACK) addresses these limitations with the notion
of time instead: a packet P1 is lost if a later packet P2 is s/acked,
as at least one round trip has passed.

Since RACK cares about the time sequence instead of the data sequence
of packets, it can detect tail drops when later retransmission is
s/acked while FACK or dupthresh can't. For reordering RACK uses a
dynamically adjusted reordering window ("reo_wnd") to reduce false
positives on ever (small) degree of reordering.

This patch implements tcp_advanced_rack() which tracks the
most recent transmission time among the packets that have been
delivered (ACKed or SACKed) in tp->rack.mstamp. This timestamp
is the key to determine which packet has been lost.

Consider an example that the sender sends six packets:
T1: P1 (lost)
T2: P2
T3: P3
T4: P4
T100: sack of P2. rack.mstamp = T2
T101: retransmit P1
T102: sack of P2,P3,P4. rack.mstamp = T4
T205: ACK of P4 since the hole is repaired. rack.mstamp = T101

We need to be careful about spurious retransmission because it may
falsely advance tp->rack.mstamp by an RTT or an RTO, causing RACK
to falsely mark all packets lost, just like a spurious timeout.

We identify spurious retransmission by the ACK's TS echo value.
If TS option is not applicable but the retransmission is acknowledged
less than min-RTT ago, it is likely to be spurious. We refrain from
using the transmission time of these spurious retransmissions.

The second half is implemented in the next patch that marks packet
lost using RACK timestamp.
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Kathleen Nichols' algorithm for tracking the minimum RTT of a
data stream over some measurement window. It uses constant space
and constant time per update. Yet it almost always delivers
the same minimum as an implementation that has to keep all
the data in the window. The measurement window is tunable via
sysctl.net.ipv4.tcp_min_rtt_wlen with a default value of 5 minutes.

The algorithm keeps track of the best, 2nd best & 3rd best min
values, maintaining an invariant that the measurement time of
the n'th best >= n-1'th best. It also makes sure that the three
values are widely separated in the time window since that bounds
the worse case error when that data is monotonically increasing
over the window.

Upon getting a new min, we can forget everything earlier because
it has no value - the new min is less than everything else in the
window by definition and it's the most recent. So we restart fresh
on every new min and overwrites the 2nd & 3rd choices. The same
property holds for the 2nd & 3rd best.

Therefore we have to maintain two invariants to maximize the
information in the samples, one on values (1st.v <= 2nd.v <=
3rd.v) and the other on times (now-win <=1st.t <= 2nd.t <= 3rd.t <=
now). These invariants determine the structure of the code

The RTT input to the windowed filter is the minimum RTT measured
from ACK or SACK, or as the last resort from TCP timestamps.

The accessor tcp_min_rtt() returns the minimum RTT seen in the
window. ~0U indicates it is not available. The minimum is 1usec
even if the true RTT is below that.
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

One 32bit hole is following skc_refcnt, use it.
skc_incoming_cpu can also be an union for request_sock rcv_wnd.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Before recent TCP listener patches, we were updating listener
sk->sk_rxhash before the cloning of master socket.

children sk_rxhash was therefore correct after the normal 3WHS.

But with lockless listener, we no longer dirty/change listener sk_rxhash
as it would be racy.

We need to correctly update the child sk_rxhash, otherwise first data
packet wont hit correct cpu if RFS is used.

Fixes: 079096f1 ("tcp/dccp: install syn_recv requests into ehash table")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reported-by: NWillem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Cc: Tom Herbert <tom@herbertland.com>
Acked-by: NTom Herbert <tom@herbertland.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Once listener is lockless, its sk_state can change anytime.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This method does not touch the listener socket.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Factorize code to get tcp header from skb. It makes no sense
to duplicate code in callers.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Once we realize tcp_rcv_synsent_state_process() does not use
its 'len' argument and we get rid of it, then it becomes clear
this argument is no longer used in tcp_rcv_state_process()
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Soon, listener socket wont be locked when tcp_openreq_init_rwin()
is called. We need to read socket fields once, as their value
could change under us.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Neal suggested to move sk_txhash init into tcp_create_openreq_child(),
called both from IPv4 and IPv6.

This opportunity was missed in commit 58d607d3 ("tcp: provide
skb->hash to synack packets")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When creating a timewait socket, we need to arm the timer before
allowing other cpus to find it. The signal allowing cpus to find
the socket is setting tw_refcnt to non zero value.

As we set tw_refcnt in __inet_twsk_hashdance(), we therefore need to
call inet_twsk_schedule() first.

This also means we need to remove tw_refcnt changes from
inet_twsk_schedule() and let the caller handle it.

Note that because we use mod_timer_pinned(), we have the guarantee
the timer wont expire before we set tw_refcnt as we run in BH context.

To make things more readable I introduced inet_twsk_reschedule() helper.

When rearming the timer, we can use mod_timer_pending() to make sure
we do not rearm a canceled timer.

Note: This bug can possibly trigger if packets of a flow can hit
multiple cpus. This does not normally happen, unless flow steering
is broken somehow. This explains this bug was spotted ~5 months after
its introduction.

A similar fix is needed for SYN_RECV sockets in reqsk_queue_hash_req(),
but will be provided in a separate patch for proper tracking.

Fixes: 789f558c ("tcp/dccp: get rid of central timewait timer")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reported-by: NYing Cai <ycai@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Currently SYN/ACK RTT is measured in jiffies. For LAN the SYN/ACK
RTT is often measured as 0ms or sometimes 1ms, which would affect
RTT estimation and min RTT samping used by some congestion control.

This patch improves SYN/ACK RTT to be usec resolution if platform
supports it. While the timestamping of SYN/ACK is done in request
sock, the RTT measurement is carefully arranged to avoid storing
another u64 timestamp in tcp_sock.

For regular handshake w/o SYNACK retransmission, the RTT is sampled
right after the child socket is created and right before the request
sock is released (tcp_check_req() in tcp_minisocks.c)

For Fast Open the child socket is already created when SYN/ACK was
sent, the RTT is sampled in tcp_rcv_state_process() after processing
the final ACK an right before the request socket is released.

If the SYN/ACK was retransmistted or SYN-cookie was used, we rely
on TCP timestamps to measure the RTT. The sample is taken at the
same place in tcp_rcv_state_process() after the timestamp values
are validated in tcp_validate_incoming(). Note that we do not store
TS echo value in request_sock for SYN-cookies, because the value
is already stored in tp->rx_opt used by tcp_ack_update_rtt().

One side benefit is that the RTT measurement now happens before
initializing congestion control (of the passive side). Therefore
the congestion control can use the SYN/ACK RTT.
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

inet_twsk_deschedule() calls are followed by inet_twsk_put().

Only particular case is in inet_twsk_purge() but there is no point
to defer the inet_twsk_put() after re-enabling BH.

Lets rename inet_twsk_deschedule() to inet_twsk_deschedule_put()
and move the inet_twsk_put() inside.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Linux 3.17 and earlier are explicitly engineered so that if the app
doesn't specifically request a CC module on a listener before the SYN
arrives, then the child gets the system default CC when the connection
is established. See tcp_init_congestion_control() in 3.17 or earlier,
which says "if no choice made yet assign the current value set as
default". The change ("net: tcp: assign tcp cong_ops when tcp sk is
created") altered these semantics, so that children got their parent
listener's congestion control even if the system default had changed
after the listener was created.

This commit returns to those original semantics from 3.17 and earlier,
since they are the original semantics from 2007 in 4d4d3d1e ("[TCP]:
Congestion control initialization."), and some Linux congestion
control workflows depend on that.

In summary, if a listener socket specifically sets TCP_CONGESTION to
"x", or the route locks the CC module to "x", then the child gets
"x". Otherwise the child gets current system default from
net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control. That's the behavior in 3.17 and
earlier, and this commit restores that.

Fixes: 55d8694f ("net: tcp: assign tcp cong_ops when tcp sk is created")
Cc: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Glenn Judd <glenn.judd@morganstanley.com>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch tracks the total number of inbound and outbound segments on a
TCP socket. One may use this number to have an idea on connection
quality when compared against the retransmissions.

RFC4898 named these : tcpEStatsPerfSegsIn and tcpEStatsPerfSegsOut

These are a 32bit field each and can be fetched both from TCP_INFO
getsockopt() if one has a handle on a TCP socket, or from inet_diag
netlink facility (iproute2/ss patch will follow)

Note that tp->segs_out was placed near tp->snd_nxt for good data
locality and minimal performance impact, while tp->segs_in was placed
near tp->bytes_received for the same reason.

Join work with Eric Dumazet.

Note that received SYN are accounted on the listener, but sent SYNACK
are not accounted.
Signed-off-by: NMarcelo Ricardo Leitner <mleitner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

commit 1d13a96c ("ipv6: tcp: fix flowlabel value in ACK messages
send from TIME_WAIT") added the flow label in the last TCP packets.
Unfortunately, it was not casted properly.

This patch replace the buggy shift with be32_to_cpu/cpu_to_be32.

Fixes: 1d13a96c ("ipv6: tcp: fix flowlabel value in ACK messages")
Reported-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NFlorent Fourcot <florent.fourcot@enst-bretagne.fr>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch allows a server application to get the TCP SYN headers for
its passive connections.  This is useful if the server is doing
fingerprinting of clients based on SYN packet contents.

Two socket options are added: TCP_SAVE_SYN and TCP_SAVED_SYN.

The first is used on a socket to enable saving the SYN headers
for child connections. This can be set before or after the listen()
call.

The latter is used to retrieve the SYN headers for passive connections,
if the parent listener has enabled TCP_SAVE_SYN.

TCP_SAVED_SYN is read once, it frees the saved SYN headers.

The data returned in TCP_SAVED_SYN are network (IPv4/IPv6) and TCP
headers.

Original patch was written by Tom Herbert, I changed it to not hold
a full skb (and associated dst and conntracking reference).

We have used such patch for about 3 years at Google.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Tested-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

[ 3897.923145] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at
 0000000000000080
[ 3897.931025] IP: [<ffffffffa9f27686>] reqsk_timer_handler+0x1a6/0x243

There is a race when reqsk_timer_handler() and tcp_check_req() call
inet_csk_reqsk_queue_unlink() on the same req at the same time.

Before commit fa76ce73 ("inet: get rid of central tcp/dccp listener
timer"), listener spinlock was held and race could not happen.

To solve this bug, we change reqsk_queue_unlink() to not assume req
must be found, and we return a status, to conditionally release a
refcount on the request sock.

This also means tcp_check_req() in non fastopen case might or not
consume req refcount, so tcp_v6_hnd_req() & tcp_v4_hnd_req() have
to properly handle this.

(Same remark for dccp_check_req() and its callers)

inet_csk_reqsk_queue_drop() is now too big to be inlined, as it is
called 4 times in tcp and 3 times in dccp.

Fixes: fa76ce73 ("inet: get rid of central tcp/dccp listener timer")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reported-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Using a timer wheel for timewait sockets was nice ~15 years ago when
memory was expensive and machines had a single processor.

This does not scale, code is ugly and source of huge latencies
(Typically 30 ms have been seen, cpus spinning on death_lock spinlock.)

We can afford to use an extra 64 bytes per timewait sock and spread
timewait load to all cpus to have better behavior.

Tested:

On following test, /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_tw_recycle is set to 1
on the target (lpaa24)

Before patch :

lpaa23:~# ./super_netperf 200 -H lpaa24 -t TCP_CC -l 60 -- -p0,0
419594

lpaa23:~# ./super_netperf 200 -H lpaa24 -t TCP_CC -l 60 -- -p0,0
437171

While test is running, we can observe 25 or even 33 ms latencies.

lpaa24:~# ping -c 1000 -i 0.02 -qn lpaa23
...
1000 packets transmitted, 1000 received, 0% packet loss, time 20601ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.020/0.217/25.771/1.535 ms, pipe 2

lpaa24:~# ping -c 1000 -i 0.02 -qn lpaa23
...
1000 packets transmitted, 1000 received, 0% packet loss, time 20702ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.019/0.183/33.761/1.441 ms, pipe 2

After patch :

About 90% increase of throughput :

lpaa23:~# ./super_netperf 200 -H lpaa24 -t TCP_CC -l 60 -- -p0,0
810442

lpaa23:~# ./super_netperf 200 -H lpaa24 -t TCP_CC -l 60 -- -p0,0
800992

And latencies are kept to minimal values during this load, even
if network utilization is 90% higher :

lpaa24:~# ping -c 1000 -i 0.02 -qn lpaa23
...
1000 packets transmitted, 1000 received, 0% packet loss, time 19991ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.023/0.064/0.360/0.042 ms
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

FastOpen requests are not like other regular request sockets.

They do not yet use rsk_timer : tcp_fastopen_queue_check()
simply manually removes one expired request from fastopenq->rskq_rst
list.

Therefore, tcp_check_req() must not call mod_timer_pending(),
otherwise we crash because rsk_timer was not initialized.

Fixes: fa76ce73 ("inet: get rid of central tcp/dccp listener timer")
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The ipv4 code uses a mixture of coding styles. In some instances check
for non-NULL pointer is done as x != NULL and sometimes as x. x is
preferred according to checkpatch and this patch makes the code
consistent by adopting the latter form.

No changes detected by objdiff.
Signed-off-by: NIan Morris <ipm@chirality.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The ipv4 code uses a mixture of coding styles. In some instances check
for NULL pointer is done as x == NULL and sometimes as !x. !x is
preferred according to checkpatch and this patch makes the code
consistent by adopting the latter form.

No changes detected by objdiff.
Signed-off-by: NIan Morris <ipm@chirality.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

One of the major issue for TCP is the SYNACK rtx handling,
done by inet_csk_reqsk_queue_prune(), fired by the keepalive
timer of a TCP_LISTEN socket.

This function runs for awful long times, with socket lock held,
meaning that other cpus needing this lock have to spin for hundred of ms.

SYNACK are sent in huge bursts, likely to cause severe drops anyway.

This model was OK 15 years ago when memory was very tight.

We now can afford to have a timer per request sock.

Timer invocations no longer need to lock the listener,
and can be run from all cpus in parallel.

With following patch increasing somaxconn width to 32 bits,
I tested a listener with more than 4 million active request sockets,
and a steady SYNFLOOD of ~200,000 SYN per second.
Host was sending ~830,000 SYNACK per second.

This is ~100 times more what we could achieve before this patch.

Later, we will get rid of the listener hash and use ehash instead.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When request sock are put in ehash table, the whole notion
of having a previous request to update dl_next is pointless.

Also, following patch will get rid of big purge timer,
so we want to delete a request sock without holding listener lock.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Ensure that in state FIN_WAIT2 or TIME_WAIT, where the connection is
represented by a tcp_timewait_sock, we rate limit dupacks in response
to incoming packets (a) with TCP timestamps that fail PAWS checks, or
(b) with sequence numbers that are out of the acceptable window.

We do not send a dupack in response to out-of-window packets if it has
been less than sysctl_tcp_invalid_ratelimit (default 500ms) since we
last sent a dupack in response to an out-of-window packet.
Reported-by: NAvery Fay <avery@mixpanel.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Ensure that in state ESTABLISHED, where the connection is represented
by a tcp_sock, we rate limit dupacks in response to incoming packets
(a) with TCP timestamps that fail PAWS checks, or (b) with sequence
numbers or ACK numbers that are out of the acceptable window.

We do not send a dupack in response to out-of-window packets if it has
been less than sysctl_tcp_invalid_ratelimit (default 500ms) since we
last sent a dupack in response to an out-of-window packet.

There is already a similar (although global) rate-limiting mechanism
for "challenge ACKs". When deciding whether to send a challence ACK,
we first consult the new per-connection rate limit, and then the
global rate limit.
Reported-by: NAvery Fay <avery@mixpanel.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In the SYN_RECV state, where the TCP connection is represented by
tcp_request_sock, we now rate-limit SYNACKs in response to a client's
retransmitted SYNs: we do not send a SYNACK in response to client SYN
if it has been less than sysctl_tcp_invalid_ratelimit (default 500ms)
since we last sent a SYNACK in response to a client's retransmitted
SYN.

This allows the vast majority of legitimate client connections to
proceed unimpeded, even for the most aggressive platforms, iOS and
MacOS, which actually retransmit SYNs 1-second intervals for several
times in a row. They use SYN RTO timeouts following the progression:
1,1,1,1,1,2,4,8,16,32.
Reported-by: NAvery Fay <avery@mixpanel.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This work adds the possibility to define a per route/destination
congestion control algorithm. Generally, this opens up the possibility
for a machine with different links to enforce specific congestion
control algorithms with optimal strategies for each of them based
on their network characteristics, even transparently for a single
application listening on all links.

For our specific use case, this additionally facilitates deployment
of DCTCP, for example, applications can easily serve internal
traffic/dsts in DCTCP and external one with CUBIC. Other scenarios
would also allow for utilizing e.g. long living, low priority
background flows for certain destinations/routes while still being
able for normal traffic to utilize the default congestion control
algorithm. We also thought about a per netns setting (where different
defaults are possible), but given its actually a link specific
property, we argue that a per route/destination setting is the most
natural and flexible.

The administrator can utilize this through ip-route(8) by appending
"congctl [lock] <name>", where <name> denotes the name of a
congestion control algorithm and the optional lock parameter allows
to enforce the given algorithm so that applications in user space
would not be allowed to overwrite that algorithm for that destination.

The dst metric lookups are being done when a dst entry is already
available in order to avoid a costly lookup and still before the
algorithms are being initialized, thus overhead is very low when the
feature is not being used. While the client side would need to drop
the current reference on the module, on server side this can actually
even be avoided as we just got a flat-copied socket clone.

Joint work with Florian Westphal.
Suggested-by: NHannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Suggested by Stephen. Also drop inline keyword and let compiler decide.

gcc 4.7.3 decides to no longer inline tcp_ecn_check_ce, so split it up.
The actual evaluation is not inlined anymore while the ECN_OK test is.
Suggested-by: NStephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Split assignment and initialization from one into two functions.

This is required by followup patches that add Datacenter TCP
(DCTCP) congestion control algorithm - we need to be able to
determine if the connection is moderated by DCTCP before the
3WHS has finished.

As we walk the available congestion control list during the
assignment, we are always guaranteed to have Reno present as
it's fixed compiled-in. Therefore, since we're doing the
early assignment, we don't have a real use for the Reno alias
tcp_init_congestion_ops anymore and can thus remove it.

Actual usage of the congestion control operations are being
made after the 3WHS has finished, in some cases however we
can access get_info() via diag if implemented, therefore we
need to zero out the private area for those modules.

Joint work with Daniel Borkmann and Glenn Judd.
Signed-off-by: NFlorian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NGlenn Judd <glenn.judd@morganstanley.com>
Acked-by: NStephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->when has different meaning in output and input paths.

In output path, it contains a timestamp.
In input path, it contains an ISN, chosen by tcp_timewait_state_process()

Lets add a different name to ease code comprehension.

Note that 'when' field will disappear in following patch,
as skb_mstamp already contains timestamp, the anonymous
union will promptly disappear as well.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When an UDP application switches from AF_INET to AF_INET6 sockets, we
have a small performance degradation for IPv4 communications because of
extra cache line misses to access ipv6only information.

This can also be noticed for TCP listeners, as ipv6_only_sock() is also
used from __inet_lookup_listener()->compute_score()

This is magnified when SO_REUSEPORT is used.

Move ipv6only into struct sock_common so that it is available at
no extra cost in lookups.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

To avoid large code duplication in IPv6, we need to first simplify
the complicate SYN-ACK sending code in tcp_v4_conn_request().

To use tcp_v4(6)_send_synack() to send all SYN-ACKs, we need to
initialize the mini socket's receive window before trying to
create the child socket and/or building the SYN-ACK packet. So we move
that initialization from tcp_make_synack() to tcp_v4_conn_request()
as a new function tcp_openreq_init_req_rwin().

After this refactoring the SYN-ACK sending code is simpler and easier
to implement Fast Open for IPv6.
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Lee <longinus00@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJerry Chu <hkchu@google.com>
Acked-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Several spots in the kernel perform a sequence like:

	skb_queue_tail(&sk->s_receive_queue, skb);
	sk->sk_data_ready(sk, skb->len);

But at the moment we place the SKB onto the socket receive queue it
can be consumed and freed up.  So this skb->len access is potentially
to freed up memory.

Furthermore, the skb->len can be modified by the consumer so it is
possible that the value isn't accurate.

And finally, no actual implementation of this callback actually uses
the length argument.  And since nobody actually cared about it's
value, lots of call sites pass arbitrary values in such as '0' and
even '1'.

So just remove the length argument from the callback, that way there
is no confusion whatsoever and all of these use-after-free cases get
fixed as a side effect.

Based upon a patch by Eric Dumazet and his suggestion to audit this
issue tree-wide.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Upcoming congestion controls for TCP require usec resolution for RTT
estimations. Millisecond resolution is simply not enough these days.

FQ/pacing in DC environments also require this change for finer control
and removal of bimodal behavior due to the current hack in
tcp_update_pacing_rate() for 'small rtt'

TCP_CONG_RTT_STAMP is no longer needed.

As Julian Anastasov pointed out, we need to keep user compatibility :
tcp_metrics used to export RTT and RTTVAR in msec resolution,
so we added RTT_US and RTTVAR_US. An iproute2 patch is needed
to use the new attributes if provided by the kernel.

In this example ss command displays a srtt of 32 usecs (10Gbit link)

lpk51:~# ./ss -i dst lpk52
Netid  State      Recv-Q Send-Q   Local Address:Port       Peer
Address:Port
tcp    ESTAB      0      1         10.246.11.51:42959
10.246.11.52:64614
         cubic wscale:6,6 rto:201 rtt:0.032/0.001 ato:40 mss:1448
cwnd:10 send
3620.0Mbps pacing_rate 7240.0Mbps unacked:1 rcv_rtt:993 rcv_space:29559

Updated iproute2 ip command displays :

lpk51:~# ./ip tcp_metrics | grep 10.246.11.52
10.246.11.52 age 561.914sec cwnd 10 rtt 274us rttvar 213us source
10.246.11.51

Old binary displays :

lpk51:~# ip tcp_metrics | grep 10.246.11.52
10.246.11.52 age 561.914sec cwnd 10 rtt 250us rttvar 125us source
10.246.11.51

With help from Julian Anastasov, Stephen Hemminger and Yuchung Cheng
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Cc: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Cc: Larry Brakmo <brakmo@google.com>
Cc: Julian Anastasov <ja@ssi.bg>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This patch is following the commit b903d324 (ipv6: tcp: fix TCLASS
value in ACK messages sent from TIME_WAIT).

For the same reason than tclass, we have to store the flow label in the
inet_timewait_sock to provide consistency of flow label on the last ACK.
Signed-off-by: NFlorent Fourcot <florent.fourcot@enst-bretagne.fr>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>