Now that GCC 5.1 is the minimally supported version, we can drop this
workaround for older versions of GCC.
Signed-off-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When using gcc (SUSE Linux) 7.5.0 (on openSUSE 15.3), I see a build
warning:

  kernel/trace/trace_osnoise.c: In function 'start_kthread':
  kernel/trace/trace_osnoise.c:1461:8: warning: 'main' is usually a function [-Wmain]
    void *main = osnoise_main;
          ^~~~

Quieten that warning by using "-Wno-main".  It's OK to use "main" as a
declaration name in the kernel.

Build-tested on most ARCHes.

[ v2: only do it for gcc, since clang doesn't have that particular warning ]
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20210813224131.25803-1-rdunlap@infradead.org/Suggested-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Suggested-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Marek <michal.lkml@markovi.net>
Cc: linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

... but make it a config option so that broken environments can disable
it when required.

We really should always have a clean build, and will disable specific
over-eager warnings as required, if we can't fix them.  But while I
fairly religiously enforce that in my own tree, it doesn't get enforced
by various build robots that don't necessarily report warnings.

So this just makes '-Werror' a default compiler flag, but allows people
to disable it for their configuration if they have some particular
issues.

Occasionally, new compiler versions end up enabling new warnings, and it
can take a while before we have them fixed (or the warnings disabled if
that is what it takes), so the config option allows for that situation.

Hopefully this will mean that I get fewer pull requests that have new
warnings that were not noticed by various automation we have in place.

Knock wood.
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

-Wunused-but-set-variable and -Wunused-const-variable are both disabled
for the same reason but there is a blank line between them and no blank
line between -Wno-unused-const-variable and the block.

Shuffle the new line so that it is clear that the comment applied to
both flags and the next block is separate from them.
Signed-off-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

Whenever a warning is disabled, it is helpful for future travelers to
understand why the warning is disabled and why it is acceptable to do
so. Add a comment for -Wno-gnu so that people understand why it is
disabled.
Signed-off-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

Turning on -Wformat does not reveal any instances of this warning across
several different builds so remove this line to keep the number of
disabled warnings as slim as possible.

This has been disabled since commit 61163efa ("kbuild: LLVMLinux:
Add Kbuild support for building kernel with Clang"), which does not
explain exactly why it was turned off but since it was so long ago in
terms of both the kernel and LLVM so it is possible that some bug got
fixed along the way.
Signed-off-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

cc-option, cc-option-yn, and cc-disable-warning all invoke the compiler
during build time, and can slow down the build when these checks become
stale for our supported compilers, whose minimally supported versions
increases over time. See Documentation/process/changes.rst for the
current supported minimal versions (GCC 4.9+, clang 10.0.1+). Compiler
version support for these flags may be verified on godbolt.org.

The following flags are GCC only and supported since at least GCC 4.9.
Remove cc-option and cc-disable-warning tests.
* -fno-tree-loop-im
* -Wno-maybe-uninitialized
* -fno-reorder-blocks
* -fno-ipa-cp-clone
* -fno-partial-inlining
* -femit-struct-debug-baseonly
* -fno-inline-functions-called-once
* -fconserve-stack

The following flags are supported by all supported versions of GCC and
Clang. Remove their cc-option, cc-option-yn, and cc-disable-warning tests.
* -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks
* -fno-var-tracking
* -Wno-array-bounds

The following configs are made dependent on GCC, since they use GCC
specific flags.
* READABLE_ASM
* DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH

-mfentry was not supported by s390-linux-gnu-gcc until gcc-9+, add a
comment.

--param=allow-store-data-races=0 was renamed to -fno-allow-store-data-races
in the GCC 10 release; add a comment.

-Wmaybe-uninitialized (GCC specific) was being added for CONFIG_GCOV,
then again unconditionally; add it only once.

Also, base RETPOLINE_CFLAGS and RETPOLINE_VDSO_CFLAGS on CONFIC_CC_IS_*
then remove cc-option tests for Clang.

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1436Acked-by: NMiguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

Commit 23243c1a ("arch: use cross_compiling to check whether it is
a cross build or not") broke 64-bit parisc builds on 32-bit parisc
systems.

Helge mentioned:
  - 64-bit parisc userspace is not supported yet [1]
  - hppa gcc does not support "-m64" flag [2]

That means, parisc developers working on a 32-bit parisc machine need
to use hppa64-linux-gnu-gcc (cross compiler) for building the 64-bit
parisc kernel.

After the offending commit, gcc is used in such a case because
both $(SRCARCH) and $(SUBARCH) are 'parisc', hence cross_compiling is
unset.

A correct way is to introduce ARCH=parisc64 because building the 64-bit
parisc kernel on a 32-bit parisc system is not exactly a native build,
but rather a semi-cross build.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-parisc/5dfd81eb-c8ca-b7f5-e80e-8632767c022d@gmx.de/#t
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-parisc/89515325-fc21-31da-d238-6f7a9abbf9a0@gmx.de/

Fixes: 23243c1a ("arch: use cross_compiling to check whether it is a cross build or not")
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reported-by: NMeelis Roos <mroos@linux.ee>
Tested-by: NMeelis Roos <mroos@linux.ee>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v5.13+
Signed-off-by: NHelge Deller <deller@gmx.de>

LLVM_IAS is the user interface to set the -(no-)integrated-as flag,
and it should be used only for that purpose.

LLVM_IAS is checked in some places to determine the assembler type,
but it is not precise.

For example,

 $ make CC=gcc LLVM_IAS=1

... will use the GNU assembler (i.e. binutils) since LLVM_IAS=1 is
effective only when $(CC) is clang.

Of course, 'CC=gcc LLVM_IAS=1' is an odd combination, but the build
system can be more robust against such insane input.

Commit ba64beb1 ("kbuild: check the minimum assembler version in
Kconfig") introduced CONFIG_AS_IS_GNU/LLVM, which is more precise
because Kconfig checks the version string from the assembler in use.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>

With some of the changes we'd like to make to CROSS_COMPILE, the initial
block of clang flag handling which controls things like the target triple,
whether or not to use the integrated assembler and how to find GAS,
and erroring on unknown warnings is becoming unwieldy. Move it into its
own file under scripts/.
Reviewed-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

It is always safe to use the same compiler for the kernel and external
modules, but in reality, some distributions such as Fedora release a
different version of GCC from the one used for building the kernel.

There was a long discussion about mixing different compilers [1].

I do not repeat it here, but at least, showing a heads up in that
case is better than nothing.

Linus suggested [2]:
  And a warning might be more palatable even if different compiler
  version work fine together. Just a heads up on "it looks like you
  might be mixing compiler versions" is a valid note, and isn't
  necessarily wrong. Even when they work well together, maybe you want
  to have people at least _aware_ of it.

This commit shows a warning unless the compiler is exactly the same.

  warning: the compiler differs from the one used to build the kernel
    The kernel was built by: gcc (GCC) 11.1.1 20210531 (Red Hat 11.1.1-3)
    You are using:           gcc (GCC) 11.2.1 20210728 (Red Hat 11.2.1-1)

Check the difference, and if it is OK with you, please proceed at your
risk.

To avoid the locale issue as in commit bcbcf50f ("kbuild: fix
ld-version.sh to not be affected by locale"), pass LC_ALL=C to
"$(CC) --version".

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-hardening/efe6b039a544da8215d5e54aa7c4b6d1986fc2b0.1611607264.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wgjwhDy-y4mQh34L+2aF=n6BjzHdqAW2=8wri5x7O04pA@mail.gmail.com/Acked-by: NJosh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

As explained in commit 3204a7fb ("kbuild: prefix $(srctree)/ to some
included Makefiles"), I want to stop using --include-dir some day.

I already fixed up the top Makefile, but some arch Makefiles (mips, um,
x86) still include check-in Makefiles without $(srctree)/.

Fix them up so 'need-sub-make := 1' can go away for this case.
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

Since commit bcf637f5 ("kbuild: parse C= and M= before changing the
working directory"), external module builds invoked by DKMS fail because
M= option is not parsed.

I wanted to add 'unset sub_make_done' in install.sh but similar scripts,
arch/*/boot/install.sh, are duplicated, so I set sub_make_done empty in
the top Makefile.

Fixes: bcf637f5 ("kbuild: parse C= and M= before changing the working directory")
Reported-by: NJohn S Gruber <johnsgruber@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Tested-by: NJohn S Gruber <johnsgruber@gmail.com>

When building ARCH=riscv allmodconfig with llvm-objcopy, the objcopy
version warning from this script appears:

WARNING: could not find objcopy version or version is less than 2.17.
        Local function references are disabled.

The check_objcopy() function in scripts/recordmcount.pl is set up to
parse GNU objcopy's version string, not llvm-objcopy's, which triggers
the warning.

Commit 799c4341 ("kbuild: thin archives make default for all archs")
made binutils 2.20 mandatory and commit ba64beb1 ("kbuild: check the
minimum assembler version in Kconfig") enforces this at configuration
time so just remove check_objcopy() and $can_use_local instead, assuming
--globalize-symbol is always available.

llvm-objcopy has supported --globalize-symbol since LLVM 7.0.0 in 2018
and the minimum version for building the kernel with LLVM is 10.0.1 so
there is no issue introduced:

Link: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/ee5be798dae30d5f9414b01f76ff807edbc881aa
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210802210307.3202472-1-nathan@kernel.orgReviewed-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

When CONFIG_ZERO_CALL_USED_REGS is enabled, build the kernel with
"-fzero-call-used-regs=used-gpr" (in GCC 11). This option will zero any
caller-used register contents just before returning from a function,
ensuring that temporary values are not leaked beyond the function
boundary. This means that register contents are less likely to be
available for side channel attacks and information exposures.

Additionally this helps reduce the number of useful ROP gadgets in the
kernel image by about 20%:

$ ROPgadget.py --nosys --nojop --binary vmlinux.stock | tail -n1
Unique gadgets found: 337245

$ ROPgadget.py --nosys --nojop --binary vmlinux.zero-call-regs | tail -n1
Unique gadgets found: 267175

and more notably removes simple "write-what-where" gadgets:

$ ROPgadget.py --ropchain --binary vmlinux.stock | sed -n '/Step 1/,/Step 2/p'
- Step 1 -- Write-what-where gadgets

        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff8102d76c mov qword ptr [rsi], rdx ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81000cf5 pop rsi ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff8104d7c8 pop rdx ; ret
        [-] Can't find the 'xor rdx, rdx' gadget. Try with another 'mov [reg], reg'

        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff814c2b4c mov qword ptr [rsi], rdi ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81000cf5 pop rsi ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81001e51 pop rdi ; ret
        [-] Can't find the 'xor rdi, rdi' gadget. Try with another 'mov [reg], reg'

        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81540d61 mov qword ptr [rsi], rdi ; pop rbx ; pop rbp ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81000cf5 pop rsi ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81001e51 pop rdi ; ret
        [-] Can't find the 'xor rdi, rdi' gadget. Try with another 'mov [reg], reg'

        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff8105341e mov qword ptr [rsi], rax ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81000cf5 pop rsi ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff81029a11 pop rax ; ret
        [+] Gadget found: 0xffffffff811f1c3b xor rax, rax ; ret

- Step 2 -- Init syscall number gadgets

$ ROPgadget.py --ropchain --binary vmlinux.zero* | sed -n '/Step 1/,/Step 2/p'
- Step 1 -- Write-what-where gadgets

        [-] Can't find the 'mov qword ptr [r64], r64' gadget

For an x86_64 parallel build tests, this has a less than 1% performance
impact, and grows the image size less than 1%:

$ size vmlinux.stock vmlinux.zero-call-regs
   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
22437676   8559152 14127340 45124168 2b08a48 vmlinux.stock
22453184   8563248 14110956 45127388 2b096dc vmlinux.zero-call-regs

Impact for other architectures may vary. For example, arm64 sees a 5.5%
image size growth, mainly due to needing to always clear x16 and x17:
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20210510134503.GA88495@C02TD0UTHF1T.local/Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>

When a new CONFIG option is available, Kbuild shows a prompt to get
the user input.

  $ make
  [ snip ]
  Core Scheduling for SMT (SCHED_CORE) [N/y/?] (NEW)

This is the only interactive place in the build process.

Commit 174a1dcc ("kbuild: sink stdout from cmd for silent build")
suppressed Kconfig prompts as well because syncconfig is invoked by
the 'cmd' macro. You cannot notice the fact that Kconfig is waiting
for the user input.

Use 'kecho' to show the equivalent short log without suppressing stdout
from sub-make.

Fixes: 174a1dcc ("kbuild: sink stdout from cmd for silent build")
Reported-by: NTetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Tested-by: NTetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>

This reverts commit b7eb335e.

It turns out that the problem with the clang -Wimplicit-fallthrough
warning is not about the kernel source code, but about clang itself, and
that the warning is unusable until clang fixes its broken ways.

In particular, when you enable this warning for clang, you not only get
warnings about implicit fallthroughs.  You also get this:

   warning: fallthrough annotation in unreachable code [-Wimplicit-fallthrough]

which is completely broken becasue it

 (a) doesn't even tell you where the problem is (seriously: no line
     numbers, no filename, no nothing).

 (b) is fundamentally broken anyway, because there are perfectly valid
     reasons to have a fallthrough statement even if it turns out that
     it can perhaps not be reached.

In the kernel, an example of that second case is code in the scheduler:

                switch (state) {
                case cpuset:
                        if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPUSETS)) {
                                cpuset_cpus_allowed_fallback(p);
                                state = possible;
                                break;
                        }
                        fallthrough;
                case possible:

where if CONFIG_CPUSETS is enabled you actually never hit the
fallthrough case at all.  But that in no way makes the fallthrough
wrong.

So the warning is completely broken, and enabling it for clang is a very
bad idea.

In the meantime, we can keep the gcc option enabled, and make the gcc
build use

    -Wimplicit-fallthrough=5

which means that we will at least continue to require a proper
fallthrough statement, and that gcc won't silently accept the magic
comment versions. Because gcc does this all correctly, and while the odd
"=5" part is kind of obscure, it's documented in [1]:

  "-Wimplicit-fallthrough=5 doesn’t recognize any comments as
   fallthrough comments, only attributes disable the warning"

so if clang ever fixes its bad behavior we can try enabling it there again.

Link: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Warning-Options.html [1]
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org>
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With the recent fixes for fallthrough warnings, it is now possible to
enable -Wimplicit-fallthrough for Clang.

It's important to mention that since we have adopted the use of the
pseudo-keyword macro fallthrough; we also want to avoid having more
/* fall through */ comments being introduced. Notice that contrary
to GCC, Clang doesn't recognize any comments as implicit fall-through
markings when the -Wimplicit-fallthrough option is enabled. So, in
order to avoid having more comments being introduced, we have to use
the option -Wimplicit-fallthrough=5 for GCC, which similar to Clang,
will cause a warning in case a code comment is intended to be used
as a fall-through marking.
Co-developed-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: NGustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org>

M= (or KBUILD_EXTMOD) generally expects a directory path without any
trailing slashes, like M=a/b/c.

If you add a trailing slash, like M=a/b/c/, you will get ugly build
logs (two slashes in a series), but it still works fine as long as it
is consistent between 'make modules' and 'make modules_install'.

The following commands correctly build and install the modules.

  $ make M=a/b/c/ modules
  $ sudo make M=a/b/c/ modules_install

Since commit ccae4cfa ("kbuild: refactor scripts/Makefile.modinst"),
a problem happens if you add a trailing slash only for modules_install.

  $ make M=a/b/c modules
  $ sudo make M=a/b/c/ modules_install

No module is installed in this case, Johannes Berg reported. [1]

Trim any trailing slashes from $(KBUILD_EXTMOD).

I used the 'dirname' command to remove all the trailing slashes in
case someone adds more slashes like M=a/b/c/////. The Make's built-in
function, $(dir ...) cannot take care of such a case.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/10cc8522b27a051e6a9c3e158a4c4b6414fd04a0.camel@sipsolutions.net/

Fixes: ccae4cfa ("kbuild: refactor scripts/Makefile.modinst")
Reported-by: NJohannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: NMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

Since LLVM commit fc018eb, the '-warn-stack-size' flag has been dropped
[1], leading to the following error message when building with Clang-13
and LLD-13:

    ld.lld: error: -plugin-opt=-: ld.lld: Unknown command line argument
    '-warn-stack-size=2048'.  Try: 'ld.lld --help'
    ld.lld: Did you mean '--asan-stack=2048'?

In the same way as with commit 2398ce80 ("x86, lto: Pass
-stack-alignment only on LLD < 13.0.0") , make '-warn-stack-size'
conditional on LLD < 13.0.0.

[1] https://reviews.llvm.org/D103928

Fixes: 24845dcb ("Makefile: LTO: have linker check -Wframe-larger-than")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1377Signed-off-by: NTor Vic <torvic9@mailbox.org>
Reviewed-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/7631bab7-a8ab-f884-ab54-f4198976125c@mailbox.org

GDB produces the following warning when debugging kernels built with
CONFIG_RELR:

BFD: /android0/linux-next/vmlinux: unknown type [0x13] section `.relr.dyn'

when loading a kernel built with CONFIG_RELR into GDB. It can also
prevent debugging symbols using such relocations.

Peter sugguests:
  [That flag] means that lld will use dynamic tags and section type
  numbers in the OS-specific range rather than the generic range. The
  kernel itself doesn't care about these numbers; it determines the
  location of the RELR section using symbols defined by a linker script.

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1057Suggested-by: NPeter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210522012626.2811297-1-ndesaulniers@google.comSigned-off-by: NWill Deacon <will@kernel.org>