The current sync_action for an array can be one of

   idle  - nothing happening
   resync - reduncancy being recalcualted
   recover - missing device being recoverred to spare
   check   - user initiated check of redundancy
   repair  - like resync but user-initiated and ignores
             bitmap optimisation.

Each of these strings can also be written to the 'sync_action' file to cause
that action to happen (if appropriate).

While 'sync' is not technically correct, as a recovery is *not* a 'sync', I
think it is the most servicable word here.  Also 'action' is a strong word
than 'mode'.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

There are a few loose ends following the conversion of md to use kthreads:

- Some fields in mdk_thread_t that aren't needed (kthreads does it's own
  completion and manages it's own name).

- thread->run is now never NULL, so no need to check

- Some tests for signal_pending that aren't needed (As we don't use signals
  to stop threads any more)

- Some flush_signals are not needed

- Some waits are interruptible and don't need to be.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

The 'auto-readonly' flag (which suppresses resync and superblock updates until
the first write) is not meaningful for personalities that don't support resync
or superblock writes (raid0, linear, etc).

So clear the setting early to avoid it confusing anything - e.g.  appearing in
/proc/mdstat
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

The introduction of 'resync=PENDING' (for read-only devices) caused that
message to appear for non-syncable arrays like raid0 and linear.  Simplest
thing is to not try to print any resync info unless the personality clearly
supports it.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Some, but not all, md array support data redundancy and hence support checking
and restoring that redundancy (resync, rebuild).

Some attributes apply specifically to functions involving this redundancy, and
so should only appear for md arrays for which they are meaningful.  i.e.  they
should not appear for raid0, linear, multpath, faulty.

This patch separates these into a distinct group and creates the group only if
the personality supports sync_request.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Acked-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

1/ I really should be using the __ATTR macros for defining attributes, so
   that the .owner field get set properly, otherwise modules can be removed
   while sysfs files are open.  This also involves some name changes of _show
   routines.

2/ Always lock the mddev (against reconfiguration) for all sysfs attribute
   access.  This easily avoid certain races and is completely consistant with
   other interfaces (ioctl and /proc/mdstat both always lock against
   reconfiguration).

3/ raid5 attributes must check that the 'conf' structure actually exists
   (the array could have been stopped while an attribute file was open).

4/ A missing 'kfree' from when the raid5_conf_t was converted to have a
   kobject embedded, and then converted back again.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Acked-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

A sync of raid5 usually ignore blocks which the bitmap says are in-sync.  But
a user-request check or repair should not ignore these.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Raid1 currently optimises resync using the intent bitmap etc.  This
optimisation is not wanted when we explicitly request a repair through sysfs,
so add appropriate checks.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

If a block_device is a partition, then it's kobject is
  bdev->bd_part->kobj
otherwise (if it is a full device), the kobject is
  bdev->bd_disk->kobj

As md wants back-links to the correct object (whether partition or not), we
need to respect this difference...  (Thus current code shows a link to the
whole device, whether we are using a partition or not, which is wrong).
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Acked-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

When an md array is started, the superblock will be written, and resync may
commense.  This is not good if you want to be completely read-only as, for
example, when preparing to resume from a suspend-to-disk image.

So introduce a module parameter "start_ro" which can be set
to '1' at boot, at module load, or via
  /sys/module/md_mod/parameters/start_ro

When this is set, new arrays get an 'auto-ro' mode, which disables all
internal io (superblock updates, resync, recovery) and is automatically
switched to 'rw' when the first write request arrives.

The array can be set to true 'ro' mode using 'mdadm -r' before the first
write request, or resync can be started without a write using 'mdadm -w'.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

With version-0.90 superblock, component devices on an md device to not have
any stable name related to the array -(version-1 assigns a fixed index when
a device is added to an array, and this remains despit any hot-swap).

The intial code for making these devices appear in sysfs used dynamic
names, which would change whenever a hot-spare was swapped for a failed or
missing device.  This turns out not to be practical in sysfs for a number
of reasons.

This patch changes then naming of component devices to be based on the
result of 'bdevname'.  This is stable and should be unique.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

We can only accept BARRIER requests if all slaves handle
barriers, and that can, of course, change with time....

So we keep track of whether the whole array seems safe for barriers,
and also whether each individual rdev handles barriers.

We initially assumes barriers are OK.

When writing the superblock we try a barrier, and if that fails, we flag
things for no-barriers.  This will usually clear the flags fairly quickly.

If writing the superblock finds that BIO_RW_BARRIER is -ENOTSUPP, we need to
resubmit, so introduce function "md_super_wait" which waits for requests to
finish, and retries ENOTSUPP requests without the barrier flag.

When writing the real raid1, write requests which were BIO_RW_BARRIER but
which aresn't supported need to be retried.  So raid1d is enhanced to do this,
and when any bio write completes (i.e.  no retry needed) we remove it from the
r1bio, so that devices needing retry are easy to find.

We should hardly ever get -ENOTSUPP errors when writing data to the raid.
It should only happen if:
  1/ the device used to support BARRIER, but now doesn't.  Few devices
     change like this, though raid1 can!
or
  2/ the array has no persistent superblock, so there was no opportunity to
     pre-test for barriers when writing the superblock.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Current bitmaps use set_bit et.al and so are host-endian, which means
not-portable.  Oops.

Define a new version number (4) for which bitmaps are little-endian.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This has the advantage of removing the confusion caused by 'rdev_t' and
'mddev_t' both having 'in_sync' fields.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Two refinements to the 'attempt-overwrite-on-read-error' mechanism.
1/ If the array is read-only, don't attempt an over-write.
2/ If there are more than max_nr_stripes read errors on a device with
   no success, fail the drive.  This will make sure a dead
   drive will be eventually kicked even when we aren't trying
   to rewrite (which would normally kick a dead drive more quickly.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

There isn't really a need for raid5 attributes to be an a subdirectory,
so this patch moves them from
  /sys/block/mdX/md/raid5/attribute
to
  /sys/block/mdX/md/attribute

This suggests that all md personalities should co-operate about
namespace usage, but that shouldn't be a problem.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

1/ Use reduce stack usage, because 'gcc' apparently doesn't overlay
   different variables  that are in separate scopes...

2/ Use test_bit instead of ( .. & 1<< ..) which in this case is buggy.

Thanks to Andrew Morton
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Thanks Greg.

Cc:  Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Acked-by: <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NSuzanne Wood <suzannew@cs.pdx.edu>
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

With this, raid5 can be asked to check parity without repairing it.  It also
keeps a count of the number of incorrect parity blocks found (mismatches) and
reports them through sysfs.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

You can trigger a 'check' with
  echo check > /sys/block/mdX/md/scan_mode
or a check-and-repair errors with
  echo repair > /sys/block/mdX/md/scan_mode

and read the current state from the same file.

Note: personalities need to know the different between 'check' and 'repair',
but don't yet.  Until they do, 'check' will be the same as 'repair' and will
just do a normal resync pass.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

/sys/block/mdX/md/raid5/
contains raid5-related attributes.
Currently
  stripe_cache_size
is number of entries in stripe cache, and is settable.
  stripe_cache_active
is number of active entries, and in only readable.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Each device in an md array how has a corresponding
  /sys/block/mdX/md/devNN/
directory which can contain attributes.  Currently there is only 'state' which
summarises the state, nd 'super' which has a copy of the superblock, and
'block' which is a symlink to the block device.

Also, /sys/block/mdX/md/rdNN represents slot 'NN' in the array, and is a
symlink to the relevant 'devNN'.  Obviously spare devices do not have a slot
in the array, and so don't have such a symlink.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Start using kobjects in mddevs, and provide a couple of simple attributes
(level and disks).  Attributes live in
  /sys/block/mdX/md/attr-name
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch changes the behaviour of raid5 when it gets a read error.
Instead of just failing the device, it tried to find out what should have
been there, and writes it over the bad block.  For some media-errors, this
has a reasonable chance of fixing the error.  If the write succeeds, and a
subsequent read succeeds as well, raid5 decided the address is OK and
conitnues.

Instead of failing a drive on read-error, we attempt to re-write the block,
and then re-read.  If that all works, we allow the device to remain in the
array.
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch kills some dead code.
Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Acked-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

The folllowing modules require screen_info but don't depend
on CONFIG_VT:
- vga16fb.ko
- intelfb.ko
Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Acked-by: N"Antonino A. Daplas" <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

The frame buffer layer already had some code dealing with compat ioctls, this
patch moves over the remaining code from fs/compat_ioctl.c
Signed-off-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Delete leftovers of the FB_E1356 and anything that did depend on it.
Signed-off-by: NRalf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Fix possible endian bug(?) when bit testing in slow_imageblit().  This
function is rarely called (only if (width * bpp) % 32 != 0) thus the bug is
not triggered.

However, if the console is rotated at 90 or 270 degrees, the height becomes
the width, and a variety of fonts have heights that will force a call to
slow_imageblit().
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

- Convert vga16fb as a platform device

- use framebuffer_alloc() to dynamically allocate resources, and
  framebuffer_release() to free

- remove unneeded casts

- trivial whitespace changes
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Add documentation as Documentation/fb/fbcon.txt describing the framebuffer
console and its boot options.
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Add ability to set rotation via sysfs.  The attributes are located in
/sys/class/graphics/fb[n] and accepts 0 - unrotated; 1 - clockwise; 2 - upside
down; 3 - counterclockwise.

The attributes are:

con_rotate (r/w) -   set rotation of the active console
con_rotate_all (w) - set rotation of all consoles
rotate (r/w) -       set rotation of the framebuffer, if supported.
Currently, none of the drivers support this.

This is probably temporary, since con_rotate and con_rotate_all are
console-specific and has no business being under the fb device.  However,
until the console layer acquires it's own sysfs class, these attributes will
temporarily reside here.
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Add support for 270-degree (counterclockwise) rotation of the console.  To
activate, boot with:

fbcon=rotate:3
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Add support for 180-degree (upside down) rotation of the console.  To
activate, boot with:

fbcon=rotate:2
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Add support for 90-degree (clockwise) rotation of the console.  To activate,
boot with:

fbcon=rotate:1
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Add support to rotate the font bitmap.  To save on processing time, the entire
fontdata will be rotated on a console switch, then stored in a buffer private
to fbcon.  To further save on processing, the fontdata will only be rotated if
the font has changed or if the angle of rotation has changed.  Only a single
copy of the rotated fontdata will be kept.
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Add support for rotating and positioning of the logo.  Rotation and position
depends on 'int rotate' parameter added to fb_prepare_logo() and
fb_show_logo().
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch series implements generic code to rotate the console at 90, 180,
and 270 degrees. The implementation is completely done in the framebuffer
console level, thus no changes to the framebuffer layer or to the drivers
are needed.

Console rotation is required by some Sharp-based devices where the natural
orientation of the display is not at 0 degrees. Also, users that have
displays that can pivot will benefit by having a console in portrait mode
if they so desire.

The choice to implement the code in the console layer rather than in the
framebuffer layer is due to the following reasons:

- it's fast
- it does not require driver changes
- it can coexist with devices that can rotate the display at the hardware level
- it complements graphics applications that can do display rotation

The changes to core fbcon are minimal-- recognition of the console
rotation angle so it can swap directions, origins and axes (xres vs yres,
xpanstep vs ypanstep, xoffset vs yoffset, etc) and storage of the rotation
angle per display. The bulk of the code that does the actual drawing to the
screen are placed in separate files. Each angle of rotation has separate
methods (bmove, clear, putcs, cursor, update_start which is derived from
update_var, and clear_margins).  To mimimize processing time, the fontdata
are pre-rotated at each console switch (only if the font or the angle has
changed).

The option can be compiled out (CONFIG_FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE_ROTATION = n) if
rotation is not needed.

Choosing the rotation angle can be done in several ways:

1. boot option fbcon=rotate:n, where
     n = 0 - normal
     n = 1 - 90 degrees (clockwise)
     n = 2 - 180 degrees (upside down)
     n = 3 - 270 degrees (counterclockwise)

2. echo n > /sys/class/graphics/fb[num]/con_rotate

     where n is the same as described above. It sets the angle of rotation
of the current console

3 echo n > /sys/class/graphics/fb[num]/con_rotate_all

     where n is the same as described above. Globally sets the angle of
rotation.

GOTCHAS:

	The option, especially at angles of 90 and 270 degrees, will exercise
the least used code of drivers.  Namely, at these angles, panning is done
in the x-axis, so it can reveal bugs in the driver if xpanstep is set
incorrectly. A workaround is to set xpanstep = 0.

	Secondly, at these angles, the framebuffer memory access can be
unaligned if (fontheight * bpp) % 32 ~= 0 which can reveal bugs in the drivers
imageblit, fillrect and copyarea functions.  (I think cfbfillrect may have
this buglet). A workaround is to use a standard 8x16 font.

Speed:

	The scrolling speed difference between 0 and 180 degrees is minimal,
somewhere areound 1-2%.  At 90 or 270 degress, speed drops down to a vicinity
of 30-40%. This is understandable because the blit direction is across the
framebuffer "direction." Scrolling will be helped at these angles if xpanstep
is not equal to zero, use of 8x16 fonts, and setting xres_virtual >= xres * 2.

Note: The code is tested on little-endian only, so I don't know if it will
work in big-endian. Please let me know, it will take only less than a minute
of your time.

This patch prepares fbcon for console rotation and contains the following
changes:

- add rotate field in struct fbcon_ops to keep fbcon's current rotation
  angle

- add con_rotate field in struct display to store per-display rotation angle

- create a private copy of the current var to fbcon.  This will prevent
  fbcon from directly manipulating info->var, especially the fields xoffset,
  yoffset and vmode.

- add ability to swap pertinent axes (xres, yres; xpanstep, ypanstep; etc)
  depending on the rotation angle

- change global update_var() (function that sets the screen start address)
  as an fbcon method update_start.  This is required because the axes, start
  offset, and/or direction can be reversed depending on the rotation angle.

- add fbcon method rotate_font() which will rotate each character bitmap to
  the correct angle of rotation.

- add fbcon boot option 'rotate' to select the angle of rotation at bootime.
   Currently does nothing until all patches are applied.
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch adds the framebuffer mode required for an Apple PowerBook G4
Titanium.
Signed-off-by: NMichael Hanselmann <linux-kernel@hansmi.ch>
Signed-off-by: NAntonino Daplas <adaplas@pol.net>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>