This avoid a stack frame at zero cost.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Instead of on the stack.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Instead of on the stack.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

That way we don't have to potentially do this in every xfrm_lookup()
caller.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This can be determined from the flow flags instead.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This boolean state is now available in the flow flags.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Since that is what the current vague "flags" argument means.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Commit 0dbaee3b (net: Abstract default ADVMSS behind an
accessor.) introduced a possible crash in tcp_connect_init(), when
dst->default_advmss() is called from dst_metric_advmss()
Reported-by: NGeorge Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The only troublesome bit here is __mkroute_output which wants
to override res->fi and res->type, compute those in local
variables instead.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This allows avoiding multiple writes to the initial __refcnt.

The most simplest cases of wanting an initial reference of "1"
in ipv4 and ipv6 have been converted, the rest have been left
along and kept at the existing "0".
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

This also allows us to combine all the dst->flags settings and avoid
read/modify/write sequences to this struct member.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Simplifies tail of __ip_route_output_key().
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

There's a lot of redundancy and unnecessary stack frames
in the output route creation path.

1) Make __mkroute_output() return error pointers.

2) Eliminate ip_mkroute_output() entirely, made possible by #1.

3) Call __mkroute_output() directly and handling the returning error
   pointers in ip_route_output_slow().
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Note that we do not generate the redirect netevent any longer,
because we don't create a new cached route.

Instead, once the new neighbour is bound to the cached route,
we emit a neigh update event instead.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The general idea is that if we learn new PMTU information, we
bump the peer genid.

This triggers the dst_ops->check() code to validate and if
necessary propagate the new PMTU value into the metrics.

Learned PMTU information self-expires.

This means that it is not necessary to kill a cached route
entry just because the PMTU information is too old.

As a consequence:

1) When the path appears unreachable (dst_ops->link_failure
   or dst_ops->negative_advice) we unwind the PMTU state if
   it is out of date, instead of killing the cached route.

   A redirected route will still be invalidated in these
   situations.

2) rt_check_expire(), rt_worker_func(), et al. are no longer
   necessary at all.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

If we didn't have a routing cache, we would not be able to properly
propagate certain kinds of dynamic path attributes, for example
PMTU information and redirects.

The reason is that if we didn't have a routing cache, then there would
be no way to lookup all of the active cached routes hanging off of
sockets, tunnels, IPSEC bundles, etc.

Consider the case where we created a cached route, but no inetpeer
entry existed and also we were not asked to pre-COW the route metrics
and therefore did not force the creation a new inetpeer entry.

If we later get a PMTU message, or a redirect, and store this
information in a new inetpeer entry, there is no way to teach that
cached route about the newly existing inetpeer entry.

The facilities implemented here handle this problem.

First we create a generation ID.  When we create a cached route of any
kind, we remember the generation ID at the time of attachment.  Any
time we force-create an inetpeer entry in response to new path
information, we bump that generation ID.

The dst_ops->check() callback is where the knowledge of this event
is propagated.  If the global generation ID does not equal the one
stored in the cached route, and the cached route has not attached
to an inetpeer yet, we look it up and attach if one is found.  Now
that we've updated the cached route's information, we update the
route's generation ID too.

This clears the way for implementing PMTU and redirects directly in
the inetpeer cache.  There is absolutely no need to consult cached
route information in order to maintain this information.

At this point nothing bumps the inetpeer genids, that comes in the
later changes which handle PMTUs and redirects using inetpeers.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Nobody actually does anything in response to the event,
so just kill it off.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Like metrics, the ICMP rate limiting bits are cached state about
a destination.  So move it into the inet_peer entries.

If an inet_peer cannot be bound (the reason is memory allocation
failure or similar), the policy is to allow.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Always lookup to see if we have an existing inetpeer entry for
a route.  Let FLOWI_FLAG_PRECOW_METRICS merely influence the
"create" argument to rt_bind_peer().

Also, call rt_bind_peer() unconditionally since it is not
possible for rt->peer to be non-NULL at this point.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Both fib_trie and fib_hash have a local implementation of
fib_table_select_default().  This is completely unnecessary
code duplication.

Since we now remember the fib_table and the head of the fib
alias list of the default route, we can implement one single
generic version of this routine.

Looking at the fib_hash implementation you may get the impression
that it's possible for there to be multiple top-level routes in
the table for the default route.  The truth is, it isn't, the
insert code will only allow one entry to exist in the zero
prefix hash table, because all keys evaluate to zero and all
keys in a hash table must be unique.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When an IPSEC SA is still being set up, __xfrm_lookup() will return
-EREMOTE and so ip_route_output_flow() will return a blackhole route.
This can happen in a sndmsg call, and after d33e4553 ("net: Abstract
default MTU metric calculation behind an accessor.") this leads to a
crash in ip_append_data() because the blackhole dst_ops have no
default_mtu() method and so dst_mtu() calls a NULL pointer.

Fix this by adding default_mtu() methods (that simply return 0, matching
the old behavior) to the blackhole dst_ops.

The IPv4 part of this patch fixes a crash that I saw when using an IPSEC
VPN; the IPv6 part is untested because I don't have an IPv6 VPN, but it
looks to be needed as well.
Signed-off-by: NRoland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The fib metric memory in this case is static in the kernel image,
so we don't need to reference count it since it's never going
to go away on us.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

TCP is going to record metrics for the connection,
so pre-COW the route metrics at route cache entry
creation time.

This avoids several atomic operations that have to
occur if we COW the metrics after the entry reaches
global visibility.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Please note that the IPSEC dst entry metrics keep using
the generic metrics COW'ing mechanism using kmalloc/kfree.

This gives the IPSEC routes an opportunity to use metrics
which are unique to their encapsulated paths.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Routing metrics are now copy-on-write.

Initially a route entry points it's metrics at a read-only location.
If a routing table entry exists, it will point there.  Else it will
point at the all zero metric place-holder called 'dst_default_metrics'.

The writeability state of the metrics is stored in the low bits of the
metrics pointer, we have two bits left to spare if we want to store
more states.

For the initial implementation, COW is implemented simply via kmalloc.
However future enhancements will change this to place the writable
metrics somewhere else, in order to increase sharing.  Very likely
this "somewhere else" will be the inetpeer cache.

Note also that this means that metrics updates may transiently fail
if we cannot COW the metrics successfully.

But even by itself, this patch should decrease memory usage and
increase cache locality especially for routing workloads.  In those
cases the read-only metric copies stay in place and never get written
to.

TCP workloads where metrics get updated, and those rare cases where
PMTU triggers occur, will take a very slight performance hit.  But
that hit will be alleviated when the long-term writable metrics
move to a more sharable location.

Since the metrics storage went from a u32 array of RTAX_MAX entries to
what is essentially a pointer, some retooling of the dst_entry layout
was necessary.

Most importantly, we need to preserve the alignment of the reference
count so that it doesn't share cache lines with the read-mostly state,
as per Eric Dumazet's alignment assertion checks.

The only non-trivial bit here is the move of the 'flags' member into
the writeable cacheline.  This is OK since we are always accessing the
flags around the same moment when we made a modification to the
reference count.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Fix dependencies of netfilter realm match: it depends on NET_CLS_ROUTE,
which itself depends on NET_SCHED; this dependency is missing from netfilter.

Since matching on realms is also useful without having NET_SCHED enabled and
the option really only controls whether the tclassid member is included in
route and dst entries, rename the config option to IP_ROUTE_CLASSID and move
it outside of traffic scheduling context to get rid of the NET_SCHED dependeny.
Reported-by: NVladis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: NPatrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>

The preferred source address is currently ignored for local routes,
which results in all local connections having a src address that is the
same as the local dst address. Fix this by respecting the preferred source
address when it is provided for local routes.

This bug can be demonstrated as follows:

 # ifconfig dummy0 192.168.0.1
 # ip route show table local | grep local.*dummy0
 local 192.168.0.1 dev dummy0  proto kernel  scope host  src 192.168.0.1
 # ip route change table local local 192.168.0.1 dev dummy0 \
     proto kernel scope host src 127.0.0.1
 # ip route show table local | grep local.*dummy0
 local 192.168.0.1 dev dummy0  proto kernel  scope host  src 127.0.0.1

We now establish a local connection and verify the source IP
address selection:

 # nc -l 192.168.0.1 3128 &
 # nc 192.168.0.1 3128 &
 # netstat -ant | grep 192.168.0.1:3128.*EST
 tcp        0      0 192.168.0.1:3128        192.168.0.1:33228 ESTABLISHED
 tcp        0      0 192.168.0.1:33228       192.168.0.1:3128  ESTABLISHED
Signed-off-by: NJoel Sing <jsing@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

In ip_route_output_slow(), instead of allowing a route to be created on
a not UPed device, report -ENETUNREACH immediately.

# ip tunnel add mode ipip remote 10.16.0.164 local
10.16.0.72 dev eth0
# (Note : tunl1 is down)
# ping -I tunl1 10.1.2.3
PING 10.1.2.3 (10.1.2.3) from 192.168.18.5 tunl1: 56(84) bytes of data.
(nothing)
# ./a.out tunl1
# ip tunnel del tunl1
Message from syslogd@shelby at Dec 22 10:12:08 ...
  kernel: unregister_netdevice: waiting for tunl1 to become free.
Usage count = 3

After patch:
# ping -I tunl1 10.1.2.3
connect: Network is unreachable
Reported-by: NNicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: NOctavian Purdila <opurdila@ixiacom.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Flush the routing cache only of entries that match the
network namespace in which the purge event occurred.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>

Like RTAX_ADVMSS, make the default calculation go through a dst_ops
method rather than caching the computation in the routing cache
entries.

Now dst metrics are pretty much left as-is when new entries are
created, thus optimizing metric sharing becomes a real possibility.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Make all RTAX_ADVMSS metric accesses go through a new helper function,
dst_metric_advmss().

Leave the actual default metric as "zero" in the real metric slot,
and compute the actual default value dynamically via a new dst_ops
AF specific callback.

For stacked IPSEC routes, we use the advmss of the path which
preserves existing behavior.

Unlike ipv4/ipv6, DecNET ties the advmss to the mtu and thus updates
advmss on pmtu updates.  This inconsistency in advmss handling
results in more raw metric accesses than I wish we ended up with.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Always go through a new ip4_dst_hoplimit() helper, just like ipv6.

This allowed several simplifications:

1) The interim dst_metric_hoplimit() can go as it's no longer
   userd.

2) The sysctl_ip_default_ttl entry no longer needs to use
   ipv4_doint_and_flush, since the sysctl is not cached in
   routing cache metrics any longer.

3) ipv4_doint_and_flush no longer needs to be exported and
   therefore can be marked static.

When ipv4_doint_and_flush_strategy was removed some time ago,
the external declaration in ip.h was mistakenly left around
so kill that off too.

We have to move the sysctl_ip_default_ttl declaration into
ipv4's route cache definition header net/route.h, because
currently net/ip.h (where the declaration lives now) has
a back dependency on net/route.h
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Use helper functions to hide all direct accesses, especially writes,
to dst_entry metrics values.

This will allow us to:

1) More easily change how the metrics are stored.

2) Implement COW for metrics.

In particular this will help us put metrics into the inetpeer
cache if that is what we end up doing.  We can make the _metrics
member a pointer instead of an array, initially have it point
at the read-only metrics in the FIB, and then on the first set
grab an inetpeer entry and point the _metrics member there.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>

And make an inet_getpeer_v4() helper, update callers.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Use the macros defined for the members of flowi to clean the code up.
Signed-off-by: NChangli Gao <xiaosuo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

When we test rt->fl.iif against zero, we're seeing if it's
an output or an input route.

Make that explicit with some helper functions.
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

It seems idev field in struct rtable has no special purpose, but adding
extra atomic ops.

We hold refcounts on the device itself (using percpu data, so pretty
cheap in current kernel).

infiniband case is solved using dst.dev instead of idev->dev

Removal of this field means routing without route cache is now using
shared data, percpu data, and only potential contention is a pair of
atomic ops on struct neighbour per forwarded packet.

About 5% speedup on routing test.
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Cc: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Cc: Hal Rosenstock <hal.rosenstock@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add __rcu annotations to :
        (struct dst_entry)->rt_next
        (struct rt_hash_bucket)->chain

And use appropriate rcu primitives to reduce sparse warnings if
CONFIG_SPARSE_RCU_POINTER=y
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

There is no point using RCU for dst we allocate for a very short time
(used once).

Change dst_release() to take DST_NOCACHE into account, but also change
skb_dst_set_noref() to force a refcount increment for such dst.

This is a _huge_ gain, because we dont waste memory to store xx thousand
of dsts. Instead of queueing them to RCU, we can free them instantly.

CPU caches can stay hot, re-using same memory blocks to hold temporary
dsts.

Note : remove unneeded smp_mb__before_atomic_dec(); in dst_release(),
since atomic_dec_return() implies a full memory barrier.

Stress test, 160.000.000 udp frames sent, IP route cache disabled
(DDOS).

Before:

real    0m38.091s
user    0m13.189s
sys     7m53.018s

After:

real	0m29.946s
user	0m12.157s
sys	7m40.605s

For reference, if IP route cache was enabled :

real	0m32.030s
user	0m10.521s
sys	8m15.243s
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>