1. 11 2月, 2009 1 次提交
    • M
      Do not account for the address space used by hugetlbfs using VM_ACCOUNT · 5a6fe125
      Mel Gorman 提交于
      When overcommit is disabled, the core VM accounts for pages used by anonymous
      shared, private mappings and special mappings. It keeps track of VMAs that
      should be accounted for with VM_ACCOUNT and VMAs that never had a reserve
      with VM_NORESERVE.
      
      Overcommit for hugetlbfs is much riskier than overcommit for base pages
      due to contiguity requirements. It avoids overcommiting on both shared and
      private mappings using reservation counters that are checked and updated
      during mmap(). This ensures (within limits) that hugepages exist in the
      future when faults occurs or it is too easy to applications to be SIGKILLed.
      
      As hugetlbfs makes its own reservations of a different unit to the base page
      size, VM_ACCOUNT should never be set. Even if the units were correct, we would
      double account for the usage in the core VM and hugetlbfs. VM_NORESERVE may
      be set because an application can request no reserves be made for hugetlbfs
      at the risk of getting killed later.
      
      With commit fc8744ad, VM_NORESERVE and
      VM_ACCOUNT are getting unconditionally set for hugetlbfs-backed mappings. This
      breaks the accounting for both the core VM and hugetlbfs, can trigger an
      OOM storm when hugepage pools are too small lockups and corrupted counters
      otherwise are used. This patch brings hugetlbfs more in line with how the
      core VM treats VM_NORESERVE but prevents VM_ACCOUNT being set.
      Signed-off-by: NMel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      5a6fe125
  2. 14 1月, 2009 1 次提交
  3. 07 1月, 2009 1 次提交
  4. 20 10月, 2008 1 次提交
  5. 29 7月, 2008 1 次提交
    • A
      mmu-notifiers: core · cddb8a5c
      Andrea Arcangeli 提交于
      With KVM/GFP/XPMEM there isn't just the primary CPU MMU pointing to pages.
       There are secondary MMUs (with secondary sptes and secondary tlbs) too.
      sptes in the kvm case are shadow pagetables, but when I say spte in
      mmu-notifier context, I mean "secondary pte".  In GRU case there's no
      actual secondary pte and there's only a secondary tlb because the GRU
      secondary MMU has no knowledge about sptes and every secondary tlb miss
      event in the MMU always generates a page fault that has to be resolved by
      the CPU (this is not the case of KVM where the a secondary tlb miss will
      walk sptes in hardware and it will refill the secondary tlb transparently
      to software if the corresponding spte is present).  The same way
      zap_page_range has to invalidate the pte before freeing the page, the spte
      (and secondary tlb) must also be invalidated before any page is freed and
      reused.
      
      Currently we take a page_count pin on every page mapped by sptes, but that
      means the pages can't be swapped whenever they're mapped by any spte
      because they're part of the guest working set.  Furthermore a spte unmap
      event can immediately lead to a page to be freed when the pin is released
      (so requiring the same complex and relatively slow tlb_gather smp safe
      logic we have in zap_page_range and that can be avoided completely if the
      spte unmap event doesn't require an unpin of the page previously mapped in
      the secondary MMU).
      
      The mmu notifiers allow kvm/GRU/XPMEM to attach to the tsk->mm and know
      when the VM is swapping or freeing or doing anything on the primary MMU so
      that the secondary MMU code can drop sptes before the pages are freed,
      avoiding all page pinning and allowing 100% reliable swapping of guest
      physical address space.  Furthermore it avoids the code that teardown the
      mappings of the secondary MMU, to implement a logic like tlb_gather in
      zap_page_range that would require many IPI to flush other cpu tlbs, for
      each fixed number of spte unmapped.
      
      To make an example: if what happens on the primary MMU is a protection
      downgrade (from writeable to wrprotect) the secondary MMU mappings will be
      invalidated, and the next secondary-mmu-page-fault will call
      get_user_pages and trigger a do_wp_page through get_user_pages if it
      called get_user_pages with write=1, and it'll re-establishing an updated
      spte or secondary-tlb-mapping on the copied page.  Or it will setup a
      readonly spte or readonly tlb mapping if it's a guest-read, if it calls
      get_user_pages with write=0.  This is just an example.
      
      This allows to map any page pointed by any pte (and in turn visible in the
      primary CPU MMU), into a secondary MMU (be it a pure tlb like GRU, or an
      full MMU with both sptes and secondary-tlb like the shadow-pagetable layer
      with kvm), or a remote DMA in software like XPMEM (hence needing of
      schedule in XPMEM code to send the invalidate to the remote node, while no
      need to schedule in kvm/gru as it's an immediate event like invalidating
      primary-mmu pte).
      
      At least for KVM without this patch it's impossible to swap guests
      reliably.  And having this feature and removing the page pin allows
      several other optimizations that simplify life considerably.
      
      Dependencies:
      
      1) mm_take_all_locks() to register the mmu notifier when the whole VM
         isn't doing anything with "mm".  This allows mmu notifier users to keep
         track if the VM is in the middle of the invalidate_range_begin/end
         critical section with an atomic counter incraese in range_begin and
         decreased in range_end.  No secondary MMU page fault is allowed to map
         any spte or secondary tlb reference, while the VM is in the middle of
         range_begin/end as any page returned by get_user_pages in that critical
         section could later immediately be freed without any further
         ->invalidate_page notification (invalidate_range_begin/end works on
         ranges and ->invalidate_page isn't called immediately before freeing
         the page).  To stop all page freeing and pagetable overwrites the
         mmap_sem must be taken in write mode and all other anon_vma/i_mmap
         locks must be taken too.
      
      2) It'd be a waste to add branches in the VM if nobody could possibly
         run KVM/GRU/XPMEM on the kernel, so mmu notifiers will only enabled if
         CONFIG_KVM=m/y.  In the current kernel kvm won't yet take advantage of
         mmu notifiers, but this already allows to compile a KVM external module
         against a kernel with mmu notifiers enabled and from the next pull from
         kvm.git we'll start using them.  And GRU/XPMEM will also be able to
         continue the development by enabling KVM=m in their config, until they
         submit all GRU/XPMEM GPLv2 code to the mainline kernel.  Then they can
         also enable MMU_NOTIFIERS in the same way KVM does it (even if KVM=n).
         This guarantees nobody selects MMU_NOTIFIER=y if KVM and GRU and XPMEM
         are all =n.
      
      The mmu_notifier_register call can fail because mm_take_all_locks may be
      interrupted by a signal and return -EINTR.  Because mmu_notifier_reigster
      is used when a driver startup, a failure can be gracefully handled.  Here
      an example of the change applied to kvm to register the mmu notifiers.
      Usually when a driver startups other allocations are required anyway and
      -ENOMEM failure paths exists already.
      
       struct  kvm *kvm_arch_create_vm(void)
       {
              struct kvm *kvm = kzalloc(sizeof(struct kvm), GFP_KERNEL);
      +       int err;
      
              if (!kvm)
                      return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
      
              INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages);
      
      +       kvm->arch.mmu_notifier.ops = &kvm_mmu_notifier_ops;
      +       err = mmu_notifier_register(&kvm->arch.mmu_notifier, current->mm);
      +       if (err) {
      +               kfree(kvm);
      +               return ERR_PTR(err);
      +       }
      +
              return kvm;
       }
      
      mmu_notifier_unregister returns void and it's reliable.
      
      The patch also adds a few needed but missing includes that would prevent
      kernel to compile after these changes on non-x86 archs (x86 didn't need
      them by luck).
      
      [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
      [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/filemap_xip.c build]
      [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/mmu_notifier.c build]
      Signed-off-by: NAndrea Arcangeli <andrea@qumranet.com>
      Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
      Signed-off-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
      Cc: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
      Cc: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
      Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
      Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
      Cc: Kanoj Sarcar <kanojsarcar@yahoo.com>
      Cc: Roland Dreier <rdreier@cisco.com>
      Cc: Steve Wise <swise@opengridcomputing.com>
      Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
      Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
      Cc: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
      Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@redhat.com>
      Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <marcelo@kvack.org>
      Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
      Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
      Cc: Izik Eidus <izike@qumranet.com>
      Cc: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
      Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      cddb8a5c
  6. 20 3月, 2008 1 次提交
  7. 06 2月, 2008 1 次提交
  8. 17 10月, 2007 2 次提交
  9. 09 10月, 2007 1 次提交
  10. 20 7月, 2007 3 次提交
    • M
      only allow nonlinear vmas for ram backed filesystems · 3ee6dafc
      Miklos Szeredi 提交于
      page_mkclean() doesn't re-protect ptes for non-linear mappings, so a later
      re-dirty through such a mapping will not generate a fault, PG_dirty will
      not reflect the dirty state and the dirty count will be skewed.  This
      implies that msync() is also currently broken for nonlinear mappings.
      
      The easiest solution is to emulate remap_file_pages on non-linear mappings
      with simple mmap() for non ram-backed filesystems.  Applications continue
      to work (albeit slower), as long as the number of remappings remain below
      the maximum vma count.
      
      However all currently known real uses of non-linear mappings are for ram
      backed filesystems, which this patch doesn't affect.
      Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
      Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
      Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
      Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
      Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      3ee6dafc
    • N
      mm: fault feedback #1 · d0217ac0
      Nick Piggin 提交于
      Change ->fault prototype.  We now return an int, which contains
      VM_FAULT_xxx code in the low byte, and FAULT_RET_xxx code in the next byte.
       FAULT_RET_ code tells the VM whether a page was found, whether it has been
      locked, and potentially other things.  This is not quite the way he wanted
      it yet, but that's changed in the next patch (which requires changes to
      arch code).
      
      This means we no longer set VM_CAN_INVALIDATE in the vma in order to say
      that a page is locked which requires filemap_nopage to go away (because we
      can no longer remain backward compatible without that flag), but we were
      going to do that anyway.
      
      struct fault_data is renamed to struct vm_fault as Linus asked. address
      is now a void __user * that we should firmly encourage drivers not to use
      without really good reason.
      
      The page is now returned via a page pointer in the vm_fault struct.
      Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      d0217ac0
    • N
      mm: merge populate and nopage into fault (fixes nonlinear) · 54cb8821
      Nick Piggin 提交于
      Nonlinear mappings are (AFAIKS) simply a virtual memory concept that encodes
      the virtual address -> file offset differently from linear mappings.
      
      ->populate is a layering violation because the filesystem/pagecache code
      should need to know anything about the virtual memory mapping.  The hitch here
      is that the ->nopage handler didn't pass down enough information (ie.  pgoff).
       But it is more logical to pass pgoff rather than have the ->nopage function
      calculate it itself anyway (because that's a similar layering violation).
      
      Having the populate handler install the pte itself is likewise a nasty thing
      to be doing.
      
      This patch introduces a new fault handler that replaces ->nopage and
      ->populate and (later) ->nopfn.  Most of the old mechanism is still in place
      so there is a lot of duplication and nice cleanups that can be removed if
      everyone switches over.
      
      The rationale for doing this in the first place is that nonlinear mappings are
      subject to the pagefault vs invalidate/truncate race too, and it seemed stupid
      to duplicate the synchronisation logic rather than just consolidate the two.
      
      After this patch, MAP_NONBLOCK no longer sets up ptes for pages present in
      pagecache.  Seems like a fringe functionality anyway.
      
      NOPAGE_REFAULT is removed.  This should be implemented with ->fault, and no
      users have hit mainline yet.
      
      [akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanup]
      [randy.dunlap@oracle.com: doc. fixes for readahead]
      [akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
      Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
      Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
      Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark.fasheh@oracle.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      54cb8821
  11. 23 12月, 2006 1 次提交
  12. 08 12月, 2006 1 次提交
  13. 01 10月, 2006 1 次提交
  14. 26 9月, 2006 1 次提交
  15. 23 6月, 2006 1 次提交
  16. 30 11月, 2005 1 次提交
  17. 29 11月, 2005 1 次提交
    • L
      mm: re-architect the VM_UNPAGED logic · 6aab341e
      Linus Torvalds 提交于
      This replaces the (in my opinion horrible) VM_UNMAPPED logic with very
      explicit support for a "remapped page range" aka VM_PFNMAP.  It allows a
      VM area to contain an arbitrary range of page table entries that the VM
      never touches, and never considers to be normal pages.
      
      Any user of "remap_pfn_range()" automatically gets this new
      functionality, and doesn't even have to mark the pages reserved or
      indeed mark them any other way.  It just works.  As a side effect, doing
      mmap() on /dev/mem works for arbitrary ranges.
      
      Sparc update from David in the next commit.
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      6aab341e
  18. 23 11月, 2005 2 次提交
    • H
      [PATCH] unpaged: VM_NONLINEAR VM_RESERVED · 101d2be7
      Hugh Dickins 提交于
      There's one peculiar use of VM_RESERVED which the previous patch left behind:
      because VM_NONLINEAR's try_to_unmap_cluster uses vm_private_data as a swapout
      cursor, but should never meet VM_RESERVED vmas, it was a way of extending
      VM_NONLINEAR to VM_RESERVED vmas using vm_private_data for some other purpose.
       But that's an empty set - they don't have the populate function required.  So
      just throw away those VM_RESERVED tests.
      
      But one more interesting in rmap.c has to go too: try_to_unmap_one will want
      to swap out an anonymous page from VM_RESERVED or VM_UNPAGED area.
      Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      101d2be7
    • H
      [PATCH] unpaged: VM_UNPAGED · 0b14c179
      Hugh Dickins 提交于
      Although we tend to associate VM_RESERVED with remap_pfn_range, quite a few
      drivers set VM_RESERVED on areas which are then populated by nopage.  The
      PageReserved removal in 2.6.15-rc1 changed VM_RESERVED not to free pages in
      zap_pte_range, without changing those drivers not to set it: so their pages
      just leak away.
      
      Let's not change miscellaneous drivers now: introduce VM_UNPAGED at the core,
      to flag the special areas where the ptes may have no struct page, or if they
      have then it's not to be touched.  Replace most instances of VM_RESERVED in
      core mm by VM_UNPAGED.  Force it on in remap_pfn_range, and the sparc and
      sparc64 io_remap_pfn_range.
      
      Revert addition of VM_RESERVED to powerpc vdso, it's not needed there.  Is it
      needed anywhere?  It still governs the mm->reserved_vm statistic, and special
      vmas not to be merged, and areas not to be core dumped; but could probably be
      eliminated later (the drivers are probably specifying it because in 2.4 it
      kept swapout off the vma, but in 2.6 we work from the LRU, which these pages
      don't get on).
      
      Use the VM_SHM slot for VM_UNPAGED, and define VM_SHM to 0: it serves no
      purpose whatsoever, and should be removed from drivers when we clean up.
      Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Acked-by: NWilliam Irwin <wli@holomorphy.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      0b14c179
  19. 30 10月, 2005 5 次提交
    • H
      [PATCH] mm: ptd_alloc take ptlock · c74df32c
      Hugh Dickins 提交于
      Second step in pushing down the page_table_lock.  Remove the temporary
      bridging hack from __pud_alloc, __pmd_alloc, __pte_alloc: expect callers not
      to hold page_table_lock, whether it's on init_mm or a user mm; take
      page_table_lock internally to check if a racing task already allocated.
      
      Convert their callers from common code.  But avoid coming back to change them
      again later: instead of moving the spin_lock(&mm->page_table_lock) down,
      switch over to new macros pte_alloc_map_lock and pte_unmap_unlock, which
      encapsulate the mapping+locking and unlocking+unmapping together, and in the
      end may use alternatives to the mm page_table_lock itself.
      
      These callers all hold mmap_sem (some exclusively, some not), so at no level
      can a page table be whipped away from beneath them; and pte_alloc uses the
      "atomic" pmd_present to test whether it needs to allocate.  It appears that on
      all arches we can safely descend without page_table_lock.
      Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      c74df32c
    • H
      [PATCH] mm: update_hiwaters just in time · 365e9c87
      Hugh Dickins 提交于
      update_mem_hiwater has attracted various criticisms, in particular from those
      concerned with mm scalability.  Originally it was called whenever rss or
      total_vm got raised.  Then many of those callsites were replaced by a timer
      tick call from account_system_time.  Now Frank van Maarseveen reports that to
      be found inadequate.  How about this?  Works for Frank.
      
      Replace update_mem_hiwater, a poor combination of two unrelated ops, by macros
      update_hiwater_rss and update_hiwater_vm.  Don't attempt to keep
      mm->hiwater_rss up to date at timer tick, nor every time we raise rss (usually
      by 1): those are hot paths.  Do the opposite, update only when about to lower
      rss (usually by many), or just before final accounting in do_exit.  Handle
      mm->hiwater_vm in the same way, though it's much less of an issue.  Demand
      that whoever collects these hiwater statistics do the work of taking the
      maximum with rss or total_vm.
      
      And there has been no collector of these hiwater statistics in the tree.  The
      new convention needs an example, so match Frank's usage by adding a VmPeak
      line above VmSize to /proc/<pid>/status, and also a VmHWM line above VmRSS
      (High-Water-Mark or High-Water-Memory).
      
      There was a particular anomaly during mremap move, that hiwater_vm might be
      captured too high.  A fleeting such anomaly remains, but it's quickly
      corrected now, whereas before it would stick.
      
      What locking?  None: if the app is racy then these statistics will be racy,
      it's not worth any overhead to make them exact.  But whenever it suits,
      hiwater_vm is updated under exclusive mmap_sem, and hiwater_rss under
      page_table_lock (for now) or with preemption disabled (later on): without
      going to any trouble, minimize the time between reading current values and
      updating, to minimize those occasions when a racing thread bumps a count up
      and back down in between.
      Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      365e9c87
    • H
      [PATCH] mm: zap_pte out of line · 861f2fb8
      Hugh Dickins 提交于
      There used to be just one call to zap_pte, but it shouldn't be inline now
      there are two.  Check for the common case pte_none before calling, and move
      its rss accounting up into install_page or install_file_pte - which helps the
      next patch.
      Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      861f2fb8
    • N
      [PATCH] core remove PageReserved · b5810039
      Nick Piggin 提交于
      Remove PageReserved() calls from core code by tightening VM_RESERVED
      handling in mm/ to cover PageReserved functionality.
      
      PageReserved special casing is removed from get_page and put_page.
      
      All setting and clearing of PageReserved is retained, and it is now flagged
      in the page_alloc checks to help ensure we don't introduce any refcount
      based freeing of Reserved pages.
      
      MAP_PRIVATE, PROT_WRITE of VM_RESERVED regions is tentatively being
      deprecated.  We never completely handled it correctly anyway, and is be
      reintroduced in future if required (Hugh has a proof of concept).
      
      Once PageReserved() calls are removed from kernel/power/swsusp.c, and all
      arch/ and driver code, the Set and Clear calls, and the PG_reserved bit can
      be trivially removed.
      
      Last real user of PageReserved is swsusp, which uses PageReserved to
      determine whether a struct page points to valid memory or not.  This still
      needs to be addressed (a generic page_is_ram() should work).
      
      A last caveat: the ZERO_PAGE is now refcounted and managed with rmap (and
      thus mapcounted and count towards shared rss).  These writes to the struct
      page could cause excessive cacheline bouncing on big systems.  There are a
      number of ways this could be addressed if it is an issue.
      Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
      
      Refcount bug fix for filemap_xip.c
      Signed-off-by: NCarsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      b5810039
    • H
      [PATCH] mm: rss = file_rss + anon_rss · 4294621f
      Hugh Dickins 提交于
      I was lazy when we added anon_rss, and chose to change as few places as
      possible.  So currently each anonymous page has to be counted twice, in rss
      and in anon_rss.  Which won't be so good if those are atomic counts in some
      configurations.
      
      Change that around: keep file_rss and anon_rss separately, and add them
      together (with get_mm_rss macro) when the total is needed - reading two
      atomics is much cheaper than updating two atomics.  And update anon_rss
      upfront, typically in memory.c, not tucked away in page_add_anon_rmap.
      Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
      Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
      Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
      4294621f
  20. 12 10月, 2005 1 次提交
  21. 17 4月, 2005 1 次提交
    • L
      Linux-2.6.12-rc2 · 1da177e4
      Linus Torvalds 提交于
      Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
      even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
      archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
      3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
      git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
      infrastructure for it.
      
      Let it rip!
      1da177e4