提交 · 41cb8ac025dbbf6782eae10d231e7e2336ad3724 · openeuler / Kernel

17 10月, 2007 27 次提交

mm: revert KERNEL_DS buffered write optimisation · 41cb8ac0

由 Nick Piggin 提交于 10月 16, 2007

Revert the patch from Neil Brown to optimise NFSD writev handling.

Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

41cb8ac0

mm: use pagevec to rotate reclaimable page · 902aaed0

由 Hisashi Hifumi 提交于 10月 16, 2007

While running some memory intensive load, system response deteriorated just
after swap-out started.

The cause of this problem is that when a PG_reclaim page is moved to the tail
of the inactive LRU list in rotate_reclaimable_page(), lru_lock spin lock is
acquired every page writeback .  This deteriorates system performance and
makes interrupt hold off time longer when swap-out started.

Following patch solves this problem.  I use pagevec in rotating reclaimable
pages to mitigate LRU spin lock contention and reduce interrupt hold off time.

I did a test that allocating and touching pages in multiple processes, and
pinging to the test machine in flooding mode to measure response under memory
intensive load.

The test result is:

	-2.6.23-rc5
	--- testmachine ping statistics ---
	3000 packets transmitted, 3000 received, 0% packet loss, time 53222ms
	rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.074/0.652/172.228/7.176 ms, pipe 11, ipg/ewma
17.746/0.092 ms

	-2.6.23-rc5-patched
	--- testmachine ping statistics ---
	3000 packets transmitted, 3000 received, 0% packet loss, time 51924ms
	rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.072/0.108/3.884/0.114 ms, pipe 2, ipg/ewma
17.314/0.091 ms

Max round-trip-time was improved.

The test machine spec is that 4CPU(3.16GHz, Hyper-threading enabled)
8GB memory , 8GB swap.

I did ping test again to observe performance deterioration caused by taking
a ref.

	-2.6.23-rc6-with-modifiedpatch
	--- testmachine ping statistics ---
	3000 packets transmitted, 3000 received, 0% packet loss, time 53386ms
	rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.074/0.110/4.716/0.147 ms, pipe 2, ipg/ewma 17.801/0.129 ms

The result for my original patch is as follows.

	-2.6.23-rc5-with-originalpatch
	--- testmachine ping statistics ---
	3000 packets transmitted, 3000 received, 0% packet loss, time 51924ms
	rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.072/0.108/3.884/0.114 ms, pipe 2, ipg/ewma 17.314/0.091 ms

The influence to response was small.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix uninitalised var warning]
[hugh@veritas.com: fix locking]
[randy.dunlap@oracle.com: fix function declaration]
[hugh@veritas.com: fix BUG at include/linux/mm.h:220!]
[hugh@veritas.com: kill redundancy in rotate_reclaimable_page]
[hugh@veritas.com: move_tail_pages into lru_add_drain]
Signed-off-by: NHisashi Hifumi <hifumi.hisashi@oss.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

902aaed0

Mem Policy: add MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED get_mempolicy() flag · 754af6f5

由 Lee Schermerhorn 提交于 10月 16, 2007

Allow an application to query the memories allowed by its context.

Updated numa_memory_policy.txt to mention that applications can use this to
obtain allowed memories for constructing valid policies.

TODO:  update out-of-tree libnuma wrapper[s], or maybe add a new
wrapper--e.g.,  numa_get_mems_allowed() ?

Also, update numa syscall man pages.

Tested with memtoy V>=0.13.
Signed-off-by: NLee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

754af6f5

mm: prevent kswapd from freeing excessive amounts of lowmem · 32a4330d

由 Rik van Riel 提交于 10月 16, 2007

The current VM can get itself into trouble fairly easily on systems with a
small ZONE_HIGHMEM, which is common on i686 computers with 1GB of memory.

On one side, page_alloc() will allocate down to zone->pages_low, while on
the other side, kswapd() and balance_pgdat() will try to free memory from
every zone, until every zone has more free pages than zone->pages_high.

Highmem can be filled up to zone->pages_low with page tables, ramfs,
vmalloc allocations and other unswappable things quite easily and without
many bad side effects, since we still have a huge ZONE_NORMAL to do future
allocations from.

However, as long as the number of free pages in the highmem zone is below
zone->pages_high, kswapd will continue swapping things out from
ZONE_NORMAL, too!

Sami Farin managed to get his system into a stage where kswapd had freed
about 700MB of low memory and was still "going strong".

The attached patch will make kswapd stop paging out data from zones when
there is more than enough memory free.  We do go above zone->pages_high in
order to keep pressure between zones equal in normal circumstances, but the
patch should prevent the kind of excesses that made Sami's computer totally
unusable.
Signed-off-by: NRik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

32a4330d

mm: no need to cast vmalloc() return value in zone_wait_table_init() · 8691f3a7

由 Jesper Juhl 提交于 10月 16, 2007

vmalloc() returns a void pointer, so there's no need to cast its
return value in mm/page_alloc.c::zone_wait_table_init().
Signed-off-by: NJesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

8691f3a7

Slab allocators: fail if ksize is called with a NULL parameter · ef8b4520

由 Christoph Lameter 提交于 10月 16, 2007

A NULL pointer means that the object was not allocated.  One cannot
determine the size of an object that has not been allocated.  Currently we
return 0 but we really should BUG() on attempts to determine the size of
something nonexistent.

krealloc() interprets NULL to mean a zero sized object.  Handle that
separately in krealloc().
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Acked-by: NPekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

ef8b4520

calculation of pgoff in do_linear_fault() uses mixed units · 0da7e01f

由 Dean Nelson 提交于 10月 16, 2007

The calculation of pgoff in do_linear_fault() should use PAGE_SHIFT and not
PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT since vma->vm_pgoff is in units of PAGE_SIZE and not
PAGE_CACHE_SIZE.  At the moment linux/pagemap.h has PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
defined as PAGE_SHIFT, but should that ever change this calculation would
break.
Signed-off-by: NDean Nelson <dcn@sgi.com>
Acked-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

0da7e01f

{slub, slob}: use unlikely() for kfree(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR) check · 2408c550

由 Satyam Sharma 提交于 10月 16, 2007

Considering kfree(NULL) would normally occur only in error paths and
kfree(ZERO_SIZE_PTR) is uncommon as well, so let's use unlikely() for the
condition check in SLUB's and SLOB's kfree() to optimize for the common
case.  SLAB has this already.
Signed-off-by: NSatyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

2408c550

mm: clarify __add_to_swap_cache locking · b55ed816

由 Nick Piggin 提交于 10月 16, 2007

__add_to_swap_cache unconditionally sets the page locked, which can be a bit
alarming to the unsuspecting reader: in the code paths where the page is
visible to other CPUs, the page should be (and is) already locked.

Instead, just add a check to ensure the page is locked here, and teach the one
path relying on the old behaviour to call SetPageLocked itself.

[hugh@veritas.com: locking fix]
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

b55ed816

mm: improve find_lock_page · 45726cb4

由 Nick Piggin 提交于 10月 16, 2007

find_lock_page does not need to recheck ->index because if the page is in the
right mapping then the index must be the same. Also, tree_lock does not need
to be retaken after the page is locked in order to test that ->mapping has not
changed, because holding the page lock pins its mapping.
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

45726cb4

mm: use lockless radix-tree probe · 00128188

由 Nick Piggin 提交于 10月 16, 2007

Probing pages and radix_tree_tagged are lockless operations with the lockless
radix-tree. Convert these users to RCU locking rather than using tree_lock.
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

00128188

remove ZERO_PAGE · 557ed1fa

由 Nick Piggin 提交于 10月 16, 2007

The commit b5810039 contains the note

  A last caveat: the ZERO_PAGE is now refcounted and managed with rmap
  (and thus mapcounted and count towards shared rss).  These writes to
  the struct page could cause excessive cacheline bouncing on big
  systems.  There are a number of ways this could be addressed if it is
  an issue.

And indeed this cacheline bouncing has shown up on large SGI systems.
There was a situation where an Altix system was essentially livelocked
tearing down ZERO_PAGE pagetables when an HPC app aborted during startup.
This situation can be avoided in userspace, but it does highlight the
potential scalability problem with refcounting ZERO_PAGE, and corner
cases where it can really hurt (we don't want the system to livelock!).

There are several broad ways to fix this problem:
1. add back some special casing to avoid refcounting ZERO_PAGE
2. per-node or per-cpu ZERO_PAGES
3. remove the ZERO_PAGE completely

I will argue for 3. The others should also fix the problem, but they
result in more complex code than does 3, with little or no real benefit
that I can see.

Why? Inserting a ZERO_PAGE for anonymous read faults appears to be a
false optimisation: if an application is performance critical, it would
not be doing many read faults of new memory, or at least it could be
expected to write to that memory soon afterwards. If cache or memory use
is critical, it should not be working with a significant number of
ZERO_PAGEs anyway (a more compact representation of zeroes should be
used).

As a sanity check -- mesuring on my desktop system, there are never many
mappings to the ZERO_PAGE (eg. 2 or 3), thus memory usage here should not
increase much without it.

When running a make -j4 kernel compile on my dual core system, there are
about 1,000 mappings to the ZERO_PAGE created per second, but about 1,000
ZERO_PAGE COW faults per second (less than 1 ZERO_PAGE mapping per second
is torn down without being COWed). So removing ZERO_PAGE will save 1,000
page faults per second when running kbuild, while keeping it only saves
less than 1 page clearing operation per second. 1 page clear is cheaper
than a thousand faults, presumably, so there isn't an obvious loss.

Neither the logical argument nor these basic tests give a guarantee of no
regressions. However, this is a reasonable opportunity to try to remove
the ZERO_PAGE from the pagefault path. If it is found to cause regressions,
we can reintroduce it and just avoid refcounting it.

The /dev/zero ZERO_PAGE usage and TLB tricks also get nuked.  I don't see
much use to them except on benchmarks.  All other users of ZERO_PAGE are
converted just to use ZERO_PAGE(0) for simplicity. We can look at
replacing them all and maybe ripping out ZERO_PAGE completely when we are
more satisfied with this solution.
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus "snif" Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

557ed1fa

SLUB: direct pass through of page size or higher kmalloc requests · aadb4bc4

由 Christoph Lameter 提交于 10月 16, 2007

This gets rid of all kmalloc caches larger than page size.  A kmalloc
request larger than PAGE_SIZE > 2 is going to be passed through to the page
allocator.  This works both inline where we will call __get_free_pages
instead of kmem_cache_alloc and in __kmalloc.

kfree is modified to check if the object is in a slab page. If not then
the page is freed via the page allocator instead. Roughly similar to what
SLOB does.

Advantages:
- Reduces memory overhead for kmalloc array
- Large kmalloc operations are faster since they do not
  need to pass through the slab allocator to get to the
  page allocator.
- Performance increase of 10%-20% on alloc and 50% on free for
  PAGE_SIZEd allocations.
  SLUB must call page allocator for each alloc anyways since
  the higher order pages which that allowed avoiding the page alloc calls
  are not available in a reliable way anymore. So we are basically removing
  useless slab allocator overhead.
- Large kmallocs yields page aligned object which is what
  SLAB did. Bad things like using page sized kmalloc allocations to
  stand in for page allocate allocs can be transparently handled and are not
  distinguishable from page allocator uses.
- Checking for too large objects can be removed since
  it is done by the page allocator.

Drawbacks:
- No accounting for large kmalloc slab allocations anymore
- No debugging of large kmalloc slab allocations.
Signed-off-by: NChristoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

aadb4bc4

filemap: convert some unsigned long to pgoff_t · 57f6b96c