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  1. 07 3月, 2019 1 次提交
  3. 03 3月, 2019 3 次提交
    • B
      bpf: HBM test script · 4ffd44cf
      由 brakmo 提交于 
      Script for testing HBM (Host Bandwidth Manager) framework.
It creates a cgroup to use for testing and load a BPF program to limit
egress bandwidht. It then uses iperf3 or netperf to create
loads. The output is the goodput in Mbps (unless -D is used).

It can work on a single host using loopback or among two hosts (with netperf).
When using loopback, it is recommended to also introduce a delay of at least
1ms (-d=1), otherwise the assigned bandwidth is likely to be underutilized.

USAGE: $name [out] [-b=<prog>|--bpf=<prog>] [-c=<cc>|--cc=<cc>] [-D]
             [-d=<delay>|--delay=<delay>] [--debug] [-E]
             [-f=<#flows>|--flows=<#flows>] [-h] [-i=<id>|--id=<id >] [-l]
	     [-N] [-p=<port>|--port=<port>] [-P] [-q=<qdisc>]
             [-R] [-s=<server>|--server=<server] [--stats]
	     [-t=<time>|--time=<time>] [-w] [cubic|dctcp]
  Where:
    out               Egress (default egress)
    -b or --bpf       BPF program filename to load and attach.
                      Default is nrm_out_kern.o for egress,
    -c or -cc         TCP congestion control (cubic or dctcp)
    -d or --delay     Add a delay in ms using netem
    -D                In addition to the goodput in Mbps, it also outputs
                      other detailed information. This information is
                      test dependent (i.e. iperf3 or netperf).
    --debug           Print BPF trace buffer
    -E                Enable ECN (not required for dctcp)
    -f or --flows     Number of concurrent flows (default=1)
    -i or --id        cgroup id (an integer, default is 1)
    -l                Do not limit flows using loopback
    -N                Use netperf instead of iperf3
    -h                Help
    -p or --port      iperf3 port (default is 5201)
    -P                Use an iperf3 instance for each flow
    -q                Use the specified qdisc.
    -r or --rate      Rate in Mbps (default 1s 1Gbps)
    -R                Use TCP_RR for netperf. 1st flow has req
                      size of 10KB, rest of 1MB. Reply in all
                      cases is 1 byte.
                      More detailed output for each flow can be found
                      in the files netperf.<cg>.<flow>, where <cg> is the
                      cgroup id as specified with the -i flag, and <flow>
                      is the flow id starting at 1 and increasing by 1 for
                      flow (as specified by -f).
    -s or --server    hostname of netperf server. Used to create netperf
                      test traffic between to hosts (default is within host)
                      netserver must be running on the host.
    --stats           Get HBM stats (marked, dropped, etc.)
    -t or --time      duration of iperf3 in seconds (default=5)
    -w                Work conserving flag. cgroup can increase its
                      bandwidth beyond the rate limit specified
                      while there is available bandwidth. Current
                      implementation assumes there is only one NIC
                      (eth0), but can be extended to support multiple
                      NICs. This is just a proof of concept.
    cubic or dctcp    specify TCP CC to use

Examples:
 ./do_hbm_test.sh -l -d=1 -D --stats
     Runs a 5 second test, using a single iperf3 flow and with the default
     rate limit of 1Gbps and a delay of 1ms (using netem) using the default
     TCP congestion control on the loopback device (hence we use "-l" to
     enforce bandwidth limit on loopback device). Since no direction is
     specified, it defaults to egress. Since no TCP CC algorithm is
     specified it uses the system default (Cubic for this test).
     With no -D flag, only the value of the AGGREGATE OUTPUT would show.
     id refers to the cgroup id and is useful when running multi cgroup
     tests (supported by a future patch).
     This patchset does not support calling TCP's congesion window
     reduction, even when packets are dropped by the BPF program, resulting
     in a large number of packets dropped. It is recommended that the  current
     HBM implemenation only be used with ECN enabled flows. A future patch
     will add support for reducing TCP's cwnd and will increase the
     performance of non-ECN enabled flows.
   Output:
     Details for HBM in cgroup 1
     id:1
     rate_mbps:493
     duration:4.8 secs
     packets:11355
     bytes_MB:590
     pkts_dropped:4497
     bytes_dropped_MB:292
     pkts_marked_percent: 39.60
     bytes_marked_percent: 49.49
     pkts_dropped_percent: 39.60
     bytes_dropped_percent: 49.49
     PING AVG DELAY:2.075
     AGGREGATE_GOODPUT:505

./do_nrm_test.sh -l -d=1 -D --stats dctcp
     Same as above but using dctcp. Note that fewer bytes are dropped
     (0.01% vs. 49%).
   Output:
     Details for HBM in cgroup 1
     id:1
     rate_mbps:945
     duration:4.9 secs
     packets:16859
     bytes_MB:578
     pkts_dropped:1
     bytes_dropped_MB:0
     pkts_marked_percent: 28.74
     bytes_marked_percent: 45.15
     pkts_dropped_percent:  0.01
     bytes_dropped_percent:  0.01
     PING AVG DELAY:2.083
     AGGREGATE_GOODPUT:965

./do_nrm_test.sh -d=1 -D --stats
     As first example, but without limiting loopback device (i.e. no
     "-l" flag). Since there is no bandwidth limiting, no details for
     HBM are printed out.
   Output:
     Details for HBM in cgroup 1
     PING AVG DELAY:2.019
     AGGREGATE_GOODPUT:42655

./do_hbm.sh -l -d=1 -D --stats -f=2
     Uses iper3 and does 2 flows
./do_hbm.sh -l -d=1 -D --stats -f=4 -P
     Uses iperf3 and does 4 flows, each flow as a separate process.
./do_hbm.sh -l -d=1 -D --stats -f=4 -N
     Uses netperf, 4 flows
./do_hbm.sh -f=1 -r=2000 -t=5 -N -D --stats dctcp -s=<server-name>
     Uses netperf between two hosts. The remote host name is specified
     with -s= and you need to start the program netserver manually on
     the remote host. It will use 1 flow, a rate limit of 2Gbps and dctcp.
./do_hbm.sh -f=1 -r=2000 -t=5 -N -D --stats -w dctcp \
     -s=<server-name>
     As previous, but allows use of extra bandwidth. For this test the
     rate is 8Gbps vs. 1Gbps of the previous test.
Signed-off-by: NLawrence Brakmo <brakmo@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      4ffd44cf
    • B
      bpf: User program for testing HBM · a1270fe9
      由 brakmo 提交于 
      The program nrm creates a cgroup and attaches a BPF program to the
cgroup for testing HBM (Host Bandwidth Manager) for egress traffic.
One still needs to create network traffic. This can be done through
netesto, netperf or iperf3.
A follow-up patch contains a script to create traffic.

USAGE: hbm [-d] [-l] [-n <id>] [-r <rate>] [-s] [-t <secs>]
           [-w] [-h] [prog]
  Where:
   -d        Print BPF trace debug buffer
   -l        Also limit flows doing loopback
   -n <#>    To create cgroup "/hbm#" and attach prog. Default is /nrm1
             This is convenient when testing HBM in more than 1 cgroup
   -r <rate> Rate limit in Mbps
   -s        Get HBM stats (marked, dropped, etc.)
   -t <time> Exit after specified seconds (deault is 0)
   -w        Work conserving flag. cgroup can increase its bandwidth
             beyond the rate limit specified while there is available
             bandwidth. Current implementation assumes there is only
             NIC (eth0), but can be extended to support multiple NICs.
             Currrently only supported for egress. Note, this is just
	     a proof of concept.
   -h        Print this info
   prog      BPF program file name. Name defaults to hbm_out_kern.o

More information about HBM can be found in the paper "BPF Host Resource
Management" presented at the 2018 Linux Plumbers Conference, Networking Track
(http://vger.kernel.org/lpc_net2018_talks/LPC%20BPF%20Network%20Resource%20Paper.pdf)
Signed-off-by: NLawrence Brakmo <brakmo@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      a1270fe9
    • B
      bpf: Sample HBM BPF program to limit egress bw · 187d0738
      由 brakmo 提交于 
      A cgroup skb BPF program to limit cgroup output bandwidth.
It uses a modified virtual token bucket queue to limit average
egress bandwidth. The implementation uses credits instead of tokens.
Negative credits imply that queueing would have happened (this is
a virtual queue, so no queueing is done by it. However, queueing may
occur at the actual qdisc (which is not used for rate limiting).

This implementation uses 3 thresholds, one to start marking packets and
the other two to drop packets:
                                 CREDIT
       - <--------------------------|------------------------> +
             |    |          |      0
             |  Large pkt    |
             |  drop thresh  |
  Small pkt drop             Mark threshold
      thresh

The effect of marking depends on the type of packet:
a) If the packet is ECN enabled, then the packet is ECN ce marked.
   The current mark threshold is tuned for DCTCP.
c) Else, it is dropped if it is a large packet.

If the credit is below the drop threshold, the packet is dropped.
Note that dropping a packet through the BPF program does not trigger CWR
(Congestion Window Reduction) in TCP packets. A future patch will add
support for triggering CWR.

This BPF program actually uses 2 drop thresholds, one threshold
for larger packets (>= 120 bytes) and another for smaller packets. This
protects smaller packets such as SYNs, ACKs, etc.

The default bandwidth limit is set at 1Gbps but this can be changed by
a user program through a shared BPF map. In addition, by default this BPF
program does not limit connections using loopback. This behavior can be
overwritten by the user program. There is also an option to calculate
some statistics, such as percent of packets marked or dropped, which
the user program can access.

A latter patch provides such a program (hbm.c)
Signed-off-by: NLawrence Brakmo <brakmo@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      187d0738
  5. 02 3月, 2019 1 次提交
    • Y
      samples/bpf: silence compiler warning for xdpsock_user.c · b74e21ab
      由 Yonghong Song 提交于 
      Compiling xdpsock_user.c with 4.8.5, I hit the following
compilation warning:
    HOSTCC  samples/bpf/xdpsock_user.o
  /data/users/yhs/work/net-next/samples/bpf/xdpsock_user.c: In function ‘main’:
  /data/users/yhs/work/net-next/samples/bpf/xdpsock_user.c:449:6: warning: ‘idx_cq’ may be used unini
  tialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
    u32 idx_cq, idx_fq;
        ^
  /data/users/yhs/work/net-next/samples/bpf/xdpsock_user.c:606:7: warning: ‘idx_rx’ may be used unini
  tialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
     u32 idx_rx, idx_tx = 0;
         ^
  /data/users/yhs/work/net-next/samples/bpf/xdpsock_user.c:506:6: warning: ‘idx_rx’ may be used unini
  tialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
    u32 idx_rx, idx_fq = 0;

As an example, the code pattern looks like:
    u32 idx_cq;
    ...
    ret = xsk_ring_prod__reserve(&xsk->umem->fq, rcvd, &idx_fq);
    if (ret) {
      ...
    }
    ... idx_fq ...
The compiler warns since it does not know whether &idx_fq is assigned
or not inside the library function xsk_ring_prod__reserve().

Let us assign an initial value 0 to such auto variables to silence
compiler warning.

Fixes: 248c7f9c ("samples/bpf: convert xdpsock to use libbpf for AF_XDP access")
Signed-off-by: NYonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Acked-by: NJonathan Lemon <jonathan.lemon@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NSong Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      b74e21ab
  7. 01 3月, 2019 3 次提交
  9. 28 2月, 2019 1 次提交
  11. 26 2月, 2019 1 次提交
  13. 22 2月, 2019 1 次提交
  15. 02 2月, 2019 5 次提交
  17. 27 1月, 2019 1 次提交
  19. 16 1月, 2019 1 次提交
    • Y
      samples/bpf: workaround clang asm goto compilation errors · 6bf3bbe1
      由 Yonghong Song 提交于 
      x86 compilation has required asm goto support since 4.17.
Since clang does not support asm goto, at 4.17,
Commit b1ae32db ("x86/cpufeature: Guard asm_volatile_goto usage
for BPF compilation") worked around the issue by permitting an
alternative implementation without asm goto for clang.

At 5.0, more asm goto usages appeared.
  [yhs@148 x86]$ egrep -r asm_volatile_goto
  include/asm/cpufeature.h:     asm_volatile_goto("1: jmp 6f\n"
  include/asm/jump_label.h:     asm_volatile_goto("1:"
  include/asm/jump_label.h:     asm_volatile_goto("1:"
  include/asm/rmwcc.h:  asm_volatile_goto (fullop "; j" #cc " %l[cc_label]"     \
  include/asm/uaccess.h:        asm_volatile_goto("\n"                          \
  include/asm/uaccess.h:        asm_volatile_goto("\n"                          \
  [yhs@148 x86]$

Compiling samples/bpf directories, most bpf programs failed
compilation with error messages like:
  In file included from /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/samples/bpf/xdp_sample_pkts_kern.c:2:
  In file included from /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/include/linux/ptrace.h:6:
  In file included from /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/include/linux/sched.h:15:
  In file included from /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/include/linux/sem.h:5:
  In file included from /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/include/uapi/linux/sem.h:5:
  In file included from /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/include/linux/ipc.h:9:
  In file included from /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/include/linux/refcount.h:72:
  /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/arch/x86/include/asm/refcount.h:70:9: error: 'asm goto' constructs are not supported yet
        return GEN_BINARY_SUFFIXED_RMWcc(LOCK_PREFIX "subl",
               ^
  /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/arch/x86/include/asm/rmwcc.h:67:2: note: expanded from macro 'GEN_BINARY_SUFFIXED_RMWcc'
        __GEN_RMWcc(op " %[val], %[var]\n\t" suffix, var, cc,           \
        ^
  /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/arch/x86/include/asm/rmwcc.h:21:2: note: expanded from macro '__GEN_RMWcc'
        asm_volatile_goto (fullop "; j" #cc " %l[cc_label]"             \
        ^
  /home/yhs/work/bpf-next/include/linux/compiler_types.h:188:37: note: expanded from macro 'asm_volatile_goto'
  #define asm_volatile_goto(x...) asm goto(x)

Most implementation does not even provide an alternative
implementation. And it is also not practical to make changes
for each call site.

This patch workarounded the asm goto issue by redefining the macro like below:
  #define asm_volatile_goto(x...) asm volatile("invalid use of asm_volatile_goto")

If asm_volatile_goto is not used by bpf programs, which is typically the case, nothing bad
will happen. If asm_volatile_goto is used by bpf programs, which is incorrect, the compiler
will issue an error since "invalid use of asm_volatile_goto" is not valid assembly codes.

With this patch, all bpf programs under samples/bpf can pass compilation.

Note that bpf programs under tools/testing/selftests/bpf/ compiled fine as
they do not access kernel internal headers.

Fixes: e769742d ("Revert "x86/jump-labels: Macrofy inline assembly code to work around GCC inlining bugs"")
Fixes: 18fe5822 ("x86, asm: change the GEN_*_RMWcc() macros to not quote the condition")
Acked-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NYonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      6bf3bbe1
  21. 10 1月, 2019 1 次提交
  23. 08 1月, 2019 1 次提交
  25. 23 12月, 2018 2 次提交
  27. 04 12月, 2018 1 次提交
  29. 01 12月, 2018 2 次提交
  31. 24 11月, 2018 1 次提交
    • D
      samples: bpf: fix: error handling regarding kprobe_events · 5a863813
      由 Daniel T. Lee 提交于 
      Currently, kprobe_events failure won't be handled properly.
Due to calling system() indirectly to write to kprobe_events,
it can't be identified whether an error is derived from kprobe or system.

    // buf = "echo '%c:%s %s' >> /s/k/d/t/kprobe_events"
    err = system(buf);
    if (err < 0) {
        printf("failed to create kprobe ..");
        return -1;
    }

For example, running ./tracex7 sample in ext4 partition,
"echo p:open_ctree open_ctree >> /s/k/d/t/kprobe_events"
gets 256 error code system() failure.
=> The error comes from kprobe, but it's not handled correctly.

According to man of system(3), it's return value
just passes the termination status of the child shell
rather than treating the error as -1. (don't care success)

Which means, currently it's not working as desired.
(According to the upper code snippet)

    ex) running ./tracex7 with ext4 env.
    # Current Output
    sh: echo: I/O error
    failed to open event open_ctree

    # Desired Output
    failed to create kprobe 'open_ctree' error 'No such file or directory'

The problem is, error can't be verified whether from child ps
or system. But using write() directly can verify the command
failure, and it will treat all error as -1. So I suggest using
write() directly to 'kprobe_events' rather than calling system().
Signed-off-by: NDaniel T. Lee <danieltimlee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      5a863813
  33. 21 11月, 2018 1 次提交
  35. 08 11月, 2018 1 次提交
  37. 04 10月, 2018 1 次提交
    • B
      bpf, tracex3_user: erase "ARRAY_SIZE" redefined · 20cdeb54
      由 Bo YU 提交于 
      There is a warning when compiling bpf sample programs in sample/bpf:

  make -C /home/foo/bpf/samples/bpf/../../tools/lib/bpf/ RM='rm -rf' LDFLAGS= srctree=/home/foo/bpf/samples/bpf/../../ O=
    HOSTCC  /home/foo/bpf/samples/bpf/tracex3_user.o
  /home/foo/bpf/samples/bpf/tracex3_user.c:20:0: warning: "ARRAY_SIZE" redefined
   #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof(*(x)))

  In file included from /home/foo/bpf/samples/bpf/tracex3_user.c:18:0:
  ./tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bpf_util.h:48:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
   # define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
Signed-off-by: NBo YU <tsu.yubo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      20cdeb54
  39. 01 10月, 2018 1 次提交
    • R
      samples/bpf: extend test_cgrp2_attach2 test to use per-cpu cgroup storage · 5fcbd29b
      由 Roman Gushchin 提交于 
      This commit extends the test_cgrp2_attach2 test to cover per-cpu
cgroup storage. Bpf program will use shared and per-cpu cgroup
storages simultaneously, so a better coverage of corresponding
core code will be achieved.

Expected output:
  $ ./test_cgrp2_attach2
  Attached DROP prog. This ping in cgroup /foo should fail...
  ping: sendmsg: Operation not permitted
  Attached DROP prog. This ping in cgroup /foo/bar should fail...
  ping: sendmsg: Operation not permitted
  Attached PASS prog. This ping in cgroup /foo/bar should pass...
  Detached PASS from /foo/bar while DROP is attached to /foo.
  This ping in cgroup /foo/bar should fail...
  ping: sendmsg: Operation not permitted
  Attached PASS from /foo/bar and detached DROP from /foo.
  This ping in cgroup /foo/bar should pass...
  ### override:PASS
  ### multi:PASS
Signed-off-by: NRoman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: NSong Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      5fcbd29b
  41. 22 9月, 2018 1 次提交
    • P
      samples/bpf: fix compilation failure · 32c00979
      由 Prashant Bhole 提交于 
      following commit:
commit d58e468b ("flow_dissector: implements flow dissector BPF hook")
added struct bpf_flow_keys which conflicts with the struct with
same name in sockex2_kern.c and sockex3_kern.c

similar to commit:
commit 534e0e52 ("samples/bpf: fix a compilation failure")
we tried the rename it "flow_keys" but it also conflicted with struct
having same name in include/net/flow_dissector.h. Hence renaming the
struct to "flow_key_record". Also, this commit doesn't fix the
compilation error completely because the similar struct is present in
sockex3_kern.c. Hence renaming it in both files sockex3_user.c and
sockex3_kern.c
Signed-off-by: NPrashant Bhole <bhole_prashant_q7@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Acked-by: NSong Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      32c00979
  43. 18 9月, 2018 2 次提交
  45. 01 9月, 2018 2 次提交
  47. 30 8月, 2018 1 次提交
  49. 17 8月, 2018 1 次提交
  51. 10 8月, 2018 3 次提交