Use pr_fmt auto generate "overlayfs: " prefix.
Signed-off-by: Nlijiazi <lijiazi@xiaomi.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

In ovl_rename(), if new upper is hardlinked to old upper underneath
overlayfs before upper dirs are locked, user will get an ESTALE error
and a WARN_ON will be printed.

Changes to underlying layers while overlayfs is mounted may result in
unexpected behavior, but it shouldn't crash the kernel and it shouldn't
trigger WARN_ON() either, so relax this WARN_ON().

Reported-by: syzbot+bb1836a212e69f8e201a@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 804032fa ("ovl: don't check rename to self")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.9+
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Based on 2 normalized pattern(s):

  this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
  it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
  published by the free software foundation

  this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
  it under the terms of the gnu general public license version 2 as
  published by the free software foundation #

extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier

  GPL-2.0-only

has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 4122 file(s).
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: NEnrico Weigelt <info@metux.net>
Reviewed-by: NKate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: NAllison Randal <allison@lohutok.net>
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190604081206.933168790@linutronix.deSigned-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Change first argument to MODULE_PARM_DESC() calls, that each of them
matched the actual module parameter name.  The matching results in
changing (the 'parm' section from) the output of `modinfo overlay` from:

    parm: ovl_check_copy_up:Obsolete; does nothing
    parm: redirect_max:ushort
    parm: ovl_redirect_max:Maximum length of absolute redirect xattr value
    parm: redirect_dir:bool
    parm: ovl_redirect_dir_def:Default to on or off for the redirect_dir feature
    parm: redirect_always_follow:bool
    parm: ovl_redirect_always_follow:Follow redirects even if redirect_dir feature is turned off
    parm: index:bool
    parm: ovl_index_def:Default to on or off for the inodes index feature
    parm: nfs_export:bool
    parm: ovl_nfs_export_def:Default to on or off for the NFS export feature
    parm: xino_auto:bool
    parm: ovl_xino_auto_def:Auto enable xino feature
    parm: metacopy:bool
    parm: ovl_metacopy_def:Default to on or off for the metadata only copy up feature

into:

    parm: check_copy_up:Obsolete; does nothing
    parm: redirect_max:Maximum length of absolute redirect xattr value (ushort)
    parm: redirect_dir:Default to on or off for the redirect_dir feature (bool)
    parm: redirect_always_follow:Follow redirects even if redirect_dir feature is turned off (bool)
    parm: index:Default to on or off for the inodes index feature (bool)
    parm: nfs_export:Default to on or off for the NFS export feature (bool)
    parm: xino_auto:Auto enable xino feature (bool)
    parm: metacopy:Default to on or off for the metadata only copy up feature (bool)
Signed-off-by: NNicolas Schier <n.schier@avm.de>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

This nasty little syzbot repro:
https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/repro.syz?x=12c7a94f400000

Creates overlay mounts where the same directory is both in upper and lower
layers. Simplified example:

  mkdir foo work
  mount -t overlay none foo -o"lowerdir=.,upperdir=foo,workdir=work"

The repro runs several threads in parallel that attempt to chdir into foo
and attempt to symlink/rename/exec/mkdir the file bar.

The repro hits a WARN_ON() I placed in ovl_instantiate(), which suggests
that an overlay inode already exists in cache and is hashed by the pointer
of the real upper dentry that ovl_create_real() has just created. At the
point of the WARN_ON(), for overlay dir inode lock is held and upper dir
inode lock, so at first, I did not see how this was possible.

On a closer look, I see that after ovl_create_real(), because of the
overlapping upper and lower layers, a lookup by another thread can find the
file foo/bar that was just created in upper layer, at overlay path
foo/foo/bar and hash the an overlay inode with the new real dentry as lower
dentry. This is possible because the overlay directory foo/foo is not
locked and the upper dentry foo/bar is in dcache, so ovl_lookup() can find
it without taking upper dir inode shared lock.

Overlapping layers is considered a wrong setup which would result in
unexpected behavior, but it shouldn't crash the kernel and it shouldn't
trigger WARN_ON() either, so relax this WARN_ON() and leave a pr_warn()
instead to cover all cases of failure to get an overlay inode.

The error returned from failure to insert new inode to cache with
inode_insert5() was changed to -EEXIST, to distinguish from the error
-ENOMEM returned on failure to get/allocate inode with iget5_locked().

Reported-by: syzbot+9c69c282adc4edd2b540@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 01b39dcc ("ovl: use inode_insert5() to hash a newly...")
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Theodore Ts'o reported a v4.19 regression with docker-dropbox:
https://marc.info/?l=linux-fsdevel&m=154070089431116&w=2

"I was rebuilding my dropbox Docker container, and it failed in 4.19
 with the following error:
 ...
 dpkg: error: error creating new backup file \
              '/var/lib/dpkg/status-old': Invalid cross-device link"

The problem did not reproduce with metacopy feature disabled.
The error was caused by insufficient credentials to set
"trusted.overlay.redirect" xattr on link of a metacopy file.

Reproducer:

 echo Y > /sys/module/overlay/parameters/redirect_dir
 echo Y > /sys/module/overlay/parameters/metacopy
 cd /tmp
 mkdir l u w m
 chmod 777 l u
 touch l/foo
 ln l/foo l/link
 chmod 666 l/foo
 mount -t overlay none -olowerdir=l,upperdir=u,workdir=w m
 su fsgqa
 ln m/foo m/bar
 [   21.455823] overlayfs: failed to set redirect (-1)
 ln: failed to create hard link 'm/bar' => 'm/foo':\
     Invalid cross-device link
Reported-by: NTheodore Y. Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Reported-by: NMaciej Zięba <maciekz82@gmail.com>
Fixes: 4120fe64 ("ovl: Set redirect on upper inode when it is linked")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.19
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Kaixuxia repors that it's possible to crash overlayfs by removing the
whiteout on the upper layer before creating a directory over it.  This is a
reproducer:

 mkdir lower upper work merge
 touch lower/file
 mount -t overlay overlay -olowerdir=lower,upperdir=upper,workdir=work merge
 rm merge/file
 ls -al merge/file
 rm upper/file
 ls -al merge/
 mkdir merge/file

Before commencing with a vfs_rename(..., RENAME_EXCHANGE) verify that the
lookup of "upper" is positive and is a whiteout, and return ESTALE
otherwise.

Reported by: kaixuxia <xiakaixu1987@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Fixes: e9be9d5e ("overlay filesystem")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v3.18

There is no functional change but it seems better to get size by calling
posix_acl_xattr_size() instead of calling posix_acl_to_xattr() with
NULL buffer argument. Additionally, remove unnecessary assignments.
Signed-off-by: NChengguang Xu <cgxu519@gmx.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

It just makes the interface strange without adding any significant value.
The only case where locked is false and return value is 0 is in
ovl_rename() when new is negative, so handle that case explicitly in
ovl_rename().
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

linking a non-copied-up file into a non-copied-up parent results in a
nested call to mutex_lock_interruptible(&oi->lock). Fix this by copying up
target parent before ovl_nlink_start(), same as done in ovl_rename().

~/unionmount-testsuite$ ./run --ov -s
~/unionmount-testsuite$ ln /mnt/a/foo100 /mnt/a/dir100/

 WARNING: possible recursive locking detected
 --------------------------------------------
 ln/1545 is trying to acquire lock:
 00000000bcce7c4c (&ovl_i_lock_key[depth]){+.+.}, at:
     ovl_copy_up_start+0x28/0x7d
 but task is already holding lock:
 0000000026d73d5b (&ovl_i_lock_key[depth]){+.+.}, at:
     ovl_nlink_start+0x3c/0xc1

[SzM: this seems to be a false positive, but doing the copy-up first is
harmless and removes the lockdep splat]

Reported-by: syzbot+3ef5c0d1a5cb0b21e6be@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 5f8415d6 ("ovl: persistent overlay inode nlink for...")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.13
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

...otherwise there will be list corruption due to inode_sb_list_add() being
called for inode already on the sb list.
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Fixes: e950564b ("vfs: don't evict uninitialized inode")
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When we create a hardlink to a metacopy upper file, first the redirect on
that inode.  Path based lookup will not work with newly created link and
redirect will solve that issue.

Also use absolute redirect as two hardlinks could be in different
directores and relative redirect will not work.

I have not put any additional locking around setting redirects while
introducing redirects for non-dir files.  For now it feels like existing
locking is sufficient.  If that's not the case, we will have add more
locking.  Following is my rationale about why do I think current locking
seems ok.

Basic problem for non-dir files is that more than on dentry could be
pointing to same inode and in theory only relying on dentry based locks
(d->d_lock) did not seem sufficient.

We set redirect upon rename and upon link creation.  In both the paths for
non-dir file, VFS locks both source and target inodes (->i_rwsem).  That
means vfs rename and link operations on same source and target can't he
happening in parallel (Even if there are multiple dentries pointing to same
inode).  So that probably means that at a time on an inode, only one call
of ovl_set_redirect() could be working and we don't need additional locking
in ovl_set_redirect().

ovl_inode->redirect is initialized only when inode is created new.  That
means it should not race with any other path and setting
ovl_inode->redirect should be fine.

Reading of ovl_inode->redirect happens in ovl_get_redirect() path.  And
this called only in ovl_set_redirect().  And ovl_set_redirect() already
seemed to be protected using ->i_rwsem.  That means ovl_set_redirect() and
ovl_get_redirect() on source/target inode should not make progress in
parallel and is mutually exclusive.  Hence no additional locking required.

Now, only case where ovl_set_redirect() and ovl_get_redirect() could race
seems to be case of absolute redirects where ovl_get_redirect() has to
travel up the tree.  In that case we already take d->d_lock and that should
be sufficient as directories will not have multiple dentries pointing to
same inode.

So given VFS locking and current usage of redirect, current locking around
redirect seems to be ok for non-dir as well.  Once we have the logic to
remove redirect when metacopy file gets copied up, then we probably will
need additional locking.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Set redirect on metacopy files upon rename.  This will help find data
dentry in lower dirs.
Signed-off-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Copy up mtime and ctime to overlay inode after times in real object are
modified.  Be careful not to dirty cachelines when not necessary.

This is in preparation for moving overlay functionality out of the VFS.

This patch shouldn't have any observable effect.
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Currently, there is a small window where ovl_obtain_alias() can
race with ovl_instantiate() and create two different overlay inodes
with the same underlying real non-dir non-hardlink inode.

The race requires an adversary to guess the file handle of the
yet to be created upper inode and decode the guessed file handle
after ovl_creat_real(), but before ovl_instantiate().
This race does not affect overlay directory inodes, because those
are decoded via ovl_lookup_real() and not with ovl_obtain_alias().

This patch fixes the race, by using inode_insert5() to add a newly
created inode to cache.

If the newly created inode apears to already exist in cache (hashed
by the same real upper inode), we instantiate the dentry with the old
inode and drop the new inode, instead of silently not hashing the new
inode.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

EIO better represents an internal error than ENOENT.
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

vfs_mkdir() may succeed and leave the dentry passed to it unhashed and
negative.  ovl_create_real() is the last caller breaking when that
happens.

[amir: split re-factoring of ovl_create_temp() to prep patch
       add comment about unhashed dir after mkdir
       add pr_warn() if mkdir succeeds and lookup fails]
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Also used ovl_create_temp() in ovl_create_index() instead of calling
ovl_do_mkdir() directly, so now all callers of ovl_do_mkdir() are routed
through ovl_create_real(), which paves the way for Al's fix for non-hashed
result from vfs_mkdir().
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Al Viro suggested to simplify callers of ovl_create_real() by
returning the created dentry (or ERR_PTR) from ovl_create_real().
Suggested-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

* Rename to ovl_cattr

* Fold ovl_create_real() hardlink argument into struct ovl_cattr

* Create macro OVL_CATTR() to initialize struct ovl_cattr from mode
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

It did not prove to be useful.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Overlayfs should cope with online changes to underlying layer
without crashing the kernel, which is what xfstest overlay/019
checks.

This test may sometimes trigger WARN_ON() in ovl_create_or_link()
when linking an overlay inode that has been changed on underlying
layer.

Remove those WARN_ON() to prevent the stress test from failing.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

With NFS export feature enabled, when overlay inode nlink drops to
zero, instead of removing the index entry, replace it with a whiteout
index entry.

This is needed for NFS export in order to prevent future open by handle
from opening the lower file directly.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

The functions ovl_lower_positive() and ovl_check_empty_dir() both take
inode mutex on the real lower dir under ovl_want_write() which takes
the upper_mnt sb_writers lock.

While this is not a clear locking order or layering violation, it creates
an undesired lock dependency between two unrelated layers for no good
reason.

This lock dependency materializes to a false(?) positive lockdep warning
when calling rmdir() on a nested overlayfs, where both nested and
underlying overlayfs both use the same fs type as upper layer.

rmdir() on the nested overlayfs creates the lock chain:
  sb_writers of upper_mnt (e.g. tmpfs) in ovl_do_remove()
  ovl_i_mutex_dir_key[] of lower overlay dir in ovl_lower_positive()

rmdir() on the underlying overlayfs creates the lock chain in
reverse order:
  ovl_i_mutex_dir_key[] of lower overlay dir in vfs_rmdir()
  sb_writers of nested upper_mnt (e.g. tmpfs) in ovl_do_remove()

To rid of the unneeded locking dependency, move both ovl_lower_positive()
and ovl_check_empty_dir() to before ovl_want_write() in rmdir() and
rename() implementation.

This change spreads the pieces of ovl_check_empty_and_clear() directly
inside the rmdir()/rename() implementations so the helper is no longer
needed and removed.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Conform two stray warning messages to the standard overlayfs: prefix.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

ovl_rename() updates dir cache version for impure old parent if an entry
with copy up origin is moved into old parent, but it did not update
cache version if the entry moved out of old parent has a copy up origin.

[SzM] Same for new dir: we updated the version if an entry with origin was
moved in, but not if an entry with origin was moved out.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

An "origin && non-merge" upper dir may have leftover whiteouts that
were created in past mount. overlayfs does no clear this dir when we
delete it, which may lead to rmdir fail or temp file left in workdir.

Simple reproducer:
  mkdir lower upper work merge
  mkdir -p lower/dir
  touch lower/dir/a
  mount -t overlay overlay -olowerdir=lower,upperdir=upper,\
    workdir=work merge
  rm merge/dir/a
  umount merge
  rm -rf lower/*
  touch lower/dir  (*)
  mount -t overlay overlay -olowerdir=lower,upperdir=upper,\
    workdir=work merge
  rm -rf merge/dir

Syslog dump:
  overlayfs: cleanup of 'work/#7' failed (-39)

(*): if we do not create the regular file, the result is different:
  rm: cannot remove "dir/": Directory not empty

This patch adds a check for the case of non-merge dir that may contain
whiteouts, and calls ovl_check_empty_dir() to check and clear whiteouts
from upper dir when an empty dir is being deleted.

[amir: split patch from ovl_check_empty_dir() cleanup
       rename ovl_is_origin() to ovl_may_have_whiteouts()
       check OVL_WHITEOUTS flag instead of checking origin xattr]
Signed-off-by: Nzhangyi (F) <yi.zhang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Filter out non-whiteout non-upper entries from list of merge dir entries
while checking if merge dir is empty in ovl_check_empty_dir().
The remaining work for ovl_clear_empty() is to clear all entries on the
list.

[amir: split patch from rmdir bug fix]
Signed-off-by: Nzhangyi (F) <yi.zhang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Use the ovl_lock_rename_workdir() helper which requires
unlock_rename() only on lock success.

Fixes: ("fd210b7d ovl: move copy up lock out")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.13
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

GFP_TEMPORARY was introduced by commit e12ba74d ("Group short-lived
and reclaimable kernel allocations") along with __GFP_RECLAIMABLE.  It's
primary motivation was to allow users to tell that an allocation is
short lived and so the allocator can try to place such allocations close
together and prevent long term fragmentation.  As much as this sounds
like a reasonable semantic it becomes much less clear when to use the
highlevel GFP_TEMPORARY allocation flag.  How long is temporary? Can the
context holding that memory sleep? Can it take locks? It seems there is
no good answer for those questions.

The current implementation of GFP_TEMPORARY is basically GFP_KERNEL |
__GFP_RECLAIMABLE which in itself is tricky because basically none of
the existing caller provide a way to reclaim the allocated memory.  So
this is rather misleading and hard to evaluate for any benefits.

I have checked some random users and none of them has added the flag
with a specific justification.  I suspect most of them just copied from
other existing users and others just thought it might be a good idea to
use without any measuring.  This suggests that GFP_TEMPORARY just
motivates for cargo cult usage without any reasoning.

I believe that our gfp flags are quite complex already and especially
those with highlevel semantic should be clearly defined to prevent from
confusion and abuse.  Therefore I propose dropping GFP_TEMPORARY and
replace all existing users to simply use GFP_KERNEL.  Please note that
SLAB users with shrinkers will still get __GFP_RECLAIMABLE heuristic and
so they will be placed properly for memory fragmentation prevention.

I can see reasons we might want some gfp flag to reflect shorterm
allocations but I propose starting from a clear semantic definition and
only then add users with proper justification.

This was been brought up before LSF this year by Matthew [1] and it
turned out that GFP_TEMPORARY really doesn't have a clear semantic.  It
seems to be a heuristic without any measured advantage for most (if not
all) its current users.  The follow up discussion has revealed that
opinions on what might be temporary allocation differ a lot between
developers.  So rather than trying to tweak existing users into a
semantic which they haven't expected I propose to simply remove the flag
and start from scratch if we really need a semantic for short term
allocations.

[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170118054945.GD18349@bombadil.infradead.org

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: drm/i915: fix up]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170816144703.378d4f4d@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170728091904.14627-1-mhocko@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: NVlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Impure directories are ones which contain objects with origins (i.e. those
that have been copied up).  These are relevant to readdir operation only
because of the d_ino field, no other transformation is necessary.  Also a
directory can become impure between two getdents(2) calls.

This patch creates a cache for impure directories.  Unlike the cache for
merged directories, this one only contains entries with origin and is not
refcounted but has a its lifetime tied to that of the dentry.

Similarly to the merged cache, the impure cache is invalidated based on a
version number.  This version number is incremented when an entry with
origin is added or removed from the directory.

If the cache is empty, then the impure xattr is removed from the directory.

This patch also fixes up handling of d_ino for the ".." entry if the parent
directory is merged.
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

When linking a file with copy up origin into a new parent, mark the
new parent dir "impure".

Fixes: ee1d6d37 ("ovl: mark upper dir with type origin entries "impure"")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.12
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

With inodes index enabled, an overlay inode nlink counts the union of upper
and non-covered lower hardlinks. During the lifetime of a non-pure upper
inode, the following nlink modifying operations can happen:

1. Lower hardlink copy up
2. Upper hardlink created, unlinked or renamed over
3. Lower hardlink whiteout or renamed over

For the first, copy up case, the union nlink does not change, whether the
operation succeeds or fails, but the upper inode nlink may change.
Therefore, before copy up, we store the union nlink value relative to the
lower inode nlink in the index inode xattr trusted.overlay.nlink.

For the second, upper hardlink case, the union nlink should be incremented
or decremented IFF the operation succeeds, aligned with nlink change of the
upper inode. Therefore, before link/unlink/rename, we store the union nlink
value relative to the upper inode nlink in the index inode.

For the last, lower cover up case, we simplify things by preceding the
whiteout or cover up with copy up. This makes sure that there is an index
upper inode where the nlink xattr can be stored before the copied up upper
entry is unlink.

Return the overlay inode nlinks for indexed upper inodes on stat(2).
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

For rename, we need to ensure that an upper alias exists for hard links
before attempting the operation.  Introduce a flag in ovl_entry to track
the state of the upper alias.
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Bad index entries are entries whose name does not match the
origin file handle stored in trusted.overlay.origin xattr.
Bad index entries could be a result of a system power off in
the middle of copy up.

Stale index entries are entries whose origin file handle is
stale. Stale index entries could be a result of copying layers
or removing lower entries while the overlay is not mounted.
The case of copying layers should be detected earlier by the
verification of upper root dir origin and index dir origin.

Both bad and stale index entries are detected and removed
on mount.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

When checking for consistency in directory operations (unlink, rename,
etc.) match inodes not dentries.
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

This patch fixes an overlay inode nlink leak in the case where
ovl_rename() renames over a non-dir.

This is not so critical, because overlay inode doesn't rely on
nlink dropping to zero for inode deletion.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

An upper dir is marked "impure" to let ovl_iterate() know that this
directory may contain non pure upper entries whose d_ino may need to be
read from the origin inode.

We already mark a non-merge dir "impure" when moving a non-pure child
entry inside it, to let ovl_iterate() know not to iterate the non-merge
dir directly.

Mark also a merge dir "impure" when moving a non-pure child entry inside
it and when copying up a child entry inside it.

This can be used to optimize ovl_iterate() to perform a "pure merge" of
upper and lower directories, merging the content of the directories,
without having to read d_ino from origin inodes.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>

When moving a merge dir or non-dir with copy up origin into a non-merge
upper dir (a.k.a pure upper dir), we are marking the target parent dir
"impure". ovl_iterate() iterates pure upper dirs directly, because there is
no need to filter out whiteouts and merge dir content with lower dir. But
for the case of an "impure" upper dir, ovl_iterate() will not be able to
iterate the real upper dir directly, because it will need to lookup the
origin inode and use it to fill d_ino.
Signed-off-by: NAmir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMiklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>