At xfs_iext_realloc_direct(), the new_size is changed by adding
if_bytes if originally the extent records are stored at the inline
extent buffer, and we have to switch from it to a direct extent
list for those new allocated extents, this is wrong. e.g,

Create a file with three extents which was showing as following,

xfs_io -f -c "truncate 100m" /xfs/testme

for i in $(seq 0 5 10); do
	offset=$(($i * $((1 << 20))))
	xfs_io -c "pwrite $offset 1m" /xfs/testme
done

Inline
------
irec:	if_bytes	bytes_diff	new_size
1st	0		16		16
2nd	16		16		32

Switching
---------						rnew_size
3rd	32		16		48 + 32 = 80	roundup=128

In this case, the desired value of new_size should be 48, and then
it will be roundup to 64 and be assigned to rnew_size.

However, this issue has been covered by resetting the if_bytes to
the new_size which is calculated at the begnning of xfs_iext_add()
before leaving out this function, and in turn make the rnew_size
correctly again. Hence, this can not be detected via xfstestes.

This patch fix above problem and revise the new_size comments at
xfs_iext_realloc_direct() to make it more readable.  Also, fix the
comments while switching from the inline extent buffer to a direct
extent list to reflect this change.
Signed-off-by: NJie Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

Get rid of function variable count from xfs_iomap_write_allocate() as
it is unused.

Additionally, checkpatch warn me of the following for this change:
WARNING: extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files
+extern int xfs_iomap_write_allocate(struct xfs_inode *, xfs_off_t,

So this patch also remove all extern function prototypes at xfs_iomap.h
to suppress it to make this code style in consistent manner in this file.
Signed-off-by: NJie Liu <jeff.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

This fixes a build failure caused by calling the free() function which
does not exist in the Linux kernel.
Signed-off-by: NThierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: NMark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

Free the memory in error path of xlog_recover_add_to_trans().
Normally this memory is freed in recovery pass2, but is leaked
in the error path.
Signed-off-by: NMark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com>
Reviewed-by: NEric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

The determination of whether a directory entry contains a dtype
field originally was dependent on the filesystem having CRCs
enabled. This meant that the format for dtype beign enabled could be
determined by checking the directory block magic number rather than
doing a feature bit check. This was useful in that it meant that we
didn't need to pass a struct xfs_mount around to functions that
were already supplied with a directory block header.

Unfortunately, the introduction of dtype fields into the v4
structure via a feature bit meant this "use the directory block
magic number" method of discriminating the dirent entry sizes is
broken. Hence we need to convert the places that use magic number
checks to use feature bit checks so that they work correctly and not
by chance.

The current code works on v4 filesystems only because the dirent
size roundup covers the extra byte needed by the dtype field in the
places where this problem occurs.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

Michael Semon reported that xfs/299 generated this lockdep warning:

=============================================
[ INFO: possible recursive locking detected ]
3.12.0-rc2+ #2 Not tainted
---------------------------------------------
touch/21072 is trying to acquire lock:
 (&xfs_dquot_other_class){+.+...}, at: [<c12902fb>] xfs_trans_dqlockedjoin+0x57/0x64

but task is already holding lock:
 (&xfs_dquot_other_class){+.+...}, at: [<c12902fb>] xfs_trans_dqlockedjoin+0x57/0x64

other info that might help us debug this:
 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0
       ----
  lock(&xfs_dquot_other_class);
  lock(&xfs_dquot_other_class);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

 May be due to missing lock nesting notation

7 locks held by touch/21072:
 #0:  (sb_writers#10){++++.+}, at: [<c11185b6>] mnt_want_write+0x1e/0x3e
 #1:  (&type->i_mutex_dir_key#4){+.+.+.}, at: [<c11078ee>] do_last+0x245/0xe40
 #2:  (sb_internal#2){++++.+}, at: [<c122c9e0>] xfs_trans_alloc+0x1f/0x35
 #3:  (&(&ip->i_lock)->mr_lock/1){+.+...}, at: [<c126cd1b>] xfs_ilock+0x100/0x1f1
 #4:  (&(&ip->i_lock)->mr_lock){++++-.}, at: [<c126cf52>] xfs_ilock_nowait+0x105/0x22f
 #5:  (&dqp->q_qlock){+.+...}, at: [<c12902fb>] xfs_trans_dqlockedjoin+0x57/0x64
 #6:  (&xfs_dquot_other_class){+.+...}, at: [<c12902fb>] xfs_trans_dqlockedjoin+0x57/0x64

The lockdep annotation for dquot lock nesting only understands
locking for user and "other" dquots, not user, group and quota
dquots. Fix the annotations to match the locking heirarchy we now
have.
Reported-by: NMichael L. Semon <mlsemon35@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

Commit f5ea1100 cleans up the disk to host conversions for
node directory entries, but because a variable is reused in
xfs_node_toosmall() the next node is not correctly found.
If the original node is small enough (<= 3/8 of the node size),
this change may incorrectly cause a node collapse when it should
not. That will cause an assert in xfstest generic/319:

   Assertion failed: first <= last && last < BBTOB(bp->b_length),
   file: /root/newest/xfs/fs/xfs/xfs_trans_buf.c, line: 569

Keep the original node header to get the correct forward node.

(When a node is considered for a merge with a sibling, it overwrites the
 sibling pointers of the original incore nodehdr with the sibling's
 pointers.  This leads to loop considering the original node as a merge
 candidate with itself in the second pass, and so it incorrectly
 determines a merge should occur.)
Signed-off-by: NMark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com>
Reviewed-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

[v3: added Dave Chinner's (slightly modified) suggestion to the commit header,
	cleaned up whitespace.  -bpm]

After a fair number of xfstests runs, xfs/182 started to fail
regularly with a corrupted directory - a directory read verifier was
failing after recovery because it found a block with a XARM magic
number (remote attribute block) rather than a directory data block.

The first time I saw this repeated failure I did /something/ and the
problem went away, so I was never able to find the underlying
problem. Test xfs/182 failed again today, and I found the root
cause before I did /something else/ that made it go away.

Tracing indicated that the block in question was being correctly
logged, the log was being flushed by sync, but the buffer was not
being written back before the shutdown occurred. Tracing also
indicated that log recovery was also reading the block, but then
never writing it before log recovery invalidated the cache,
indicating that it was not modified by log recovery.

More detailed analysis of the corpse indicated that the filesystem
had a uuid of "a4131074-1872-4cac-9323-2229adbcb886" but the XARM
block had a uuid of "8f32f043-c3c9-e7f8-f947-4e7f989c05d3", which
indicated it was a block from an older filesystem. The reason that
log recovery didn't replay it was that the LSN in the XARM block was
larger than the LSN of the transaction being replayed, and so the
block was not overwritten by log recovery.

Hence, log recovery cant blindly trust the magic number and LSN in
the block - it must verify that it belongs to the filesystem being
recovered before using the LSN. i.e. if the UUIDs don't match, we
need to unconditionally recovery the change held in the log.

This patch was first tested on a block device that was repeatedly
causing xfs/182 to fail with the same failure on the same block with
the same directory read corruption signature (i.e. XARM block). It
did not fail, and hasn't failed since.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

It uses a kernel internal structure in it's definition rather than
the user visible structure that is passed to the ioctl.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

When we free an inode, we do so via RCU. As an RCU lookup can occur
at any time before we free an inode, and that lookup takes the inode
flags lock, we cannot safely assert that the flags lock is not held
just before marking it dead and running call_rcu() to free the
inode.

We check on allocation of a new inode structre that the lock is not
held, so we still have protection against locks being leaked and
hence not correctly initialised when allocated out of the slab.
Hence just remove the assert...
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

Regression introduced by commit 46f9d2eb ("xfs: aborted buf items can
be in the AIL") which fails to lock the AIL before removing the
item. Spinlock debugging throws a warning about this.
Signed-off-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NMark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

Sedat points out that I transposed some letters in "LRU" and wrote "RLU"
instead in one of the new comments explaining the flow.  Let's just fix
it.
Reported-by: NSedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@jpberlin.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The LRU list changes interacted badly with our nr_dentry_unused
accounting, and even worse with the new DCACHE_LRU_LIST bit logic.

This introduces helper functions to make sure everything follows the
proper dcache d_lru list rules: the dentry cache is complicated by the
fact that some of the hotpaths don't even want to look at the LRU list
at all, and the fact that we use the same list entry in the dentry for
both the LRU list and for our temporary shrinking lists when removing
things from the LRU.

The helper functions temporarily have some extra sanity checking for the
flag bits that have to match the current LRU state of the dentry.  We'll
remove that before the final 3.12 release, but considering how easy it
is to get wrong, this first cleanup version has some very particular
sanity checking.
Acked-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When reading a single page with cifs_readpage(), we make a call to
fscache_read_or_alloc_page() which once done, asynchronously calls
the completion function cifs_readpage_from_fscache_complete(). This
completion function unlocks the page once it has been populated from
cache. The module then attempts to unlock the page a second time in
cifs_readpage() which leads to warning messages.

In case of a successful call to fscache_read_or_alloc_page() we should skip
the second unlock_page() since this will be called by the
cifs_readpage_from_fscache_complete() once the page has been populated by
fscache.

With the modifications to cifs_readpage_worker(), we will need to re-grab the
page lock in cifs_write_begin().

The problem was first noticed when testing new fscache patches for cifs.
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1005737Signed-off-by: NSachin Prabhu <sprabhu@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteve French <smfrench@gmail.com>

We do not need to take a reference to the pagecache in
cifs_readpage_worker() since the calling function will have already
taken one before passing the pointer to the page as an argument to the
function.
Signed-off-by: NSachin Prabhu <sprabhu@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteve French <smfrench@gmail.com>

We use NR_ANON_PAGES as base for reporting AnonPages to user.  There's
not much sense in not accounting transparent huge pages there, but add
them on printing to user.

Let's account transparent huge pages in NR_ANON_PAGES in the first place.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: NDave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Ning Qu <quning@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

truncate_pagecache() doesn't care about old size since commit
cedabed4 ("vfs: Fix vmtruncate() regression").  Let's drop it.
Signed-off-by: NKirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This avoids the spinlocks and refcounts in the d_path() sequence too
(used by /proc and various other entities).  See commit 8b19e341 for
the equivalent getcwd() system call path.

And unlike getcwd(), d_path() doesn't copy the result to user space, so
I don't need to fear _that_ particular bug happening again.
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It's a pathname.  It should use the pathname allocators and
deallocators, and PATH_MAX instead of PAGE_SIZE.  Never mind that the
two are commonly the same.

With this, the allocations scale up nicely too, and I can do getcwd()
system calls at a rate of about 300M/s, with no lock contention
anywhere.

Of course, nobody sane does that, especially since getcwd() is
traditionally a very slow operation in Unix.  But this was also the
simplest way to benchmark the prepend_path() improvements by Waiman, and
once I saw the profiles I couldn't leave it well enough alone.

But apart from being an performance improvement (from using per-cpu slab
allocators instead of the raw page allocator), it's actually a valid and
real cleanup.
Signed-off-by: NLinus "OCD" Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Oops.  That wasn't very smart.  We don't actually need the RCU lock any
more by the time we copy the cwd string to user space, but I had
stupidly surrounded the whole thing with it.

Introduced by commit 8b19e341 ("vfs: make getcwd() get the root and
pwd path under rcu")

Is-a-big-hairy-idiot: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This allows us to skip all the crazy spinlocks and reference count
updates, and instead use the fs sequence read-lock to get an atomic
snapshot of the root and cwd information.

We might want to make the rule that "prepend_path()" is always called
with the RCU lock held, but the RCU lock nests fine and this is the
minimal fix.
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Let's not pollute the include files with inline functions that are only
used in a single place.  Especially not if we decide we might want to
change the semantics of said function to make it more efficient..
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch modifies read_seqbegin_or_lock() and need_seqretry() to use
newly introduced read_seqlock_excl() and read_sequnlock_excl()
primitives so that they won't change the sequence number even if they
fall back to take the lock.  This is OK as no change to the protected
data structure is being made.

It will prevent one fallback to lock taking from cascading into a series
of lock taking reducing performance because of the sequence number
change.  It will also allow other sequence readers to go forward while
an exclusive reader lock is taken.

This patch also updates some of the inaccurate comments in the code.
Signed-off-by: NWaiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
To: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Additional code in the error handler of xlog_recover_inode_pass2()
results in the following error:

static checker warning: "fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c:2999
xlog_recover_inode_pass2()
	 info: ignoring unreachable code."
Reported-by: NDan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NMark Tinguely <tinguely@sgi.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Myers <bpm@sgi.com
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

There is a '=' vs '==' typo so the ASSERT()s are always true.
Signed-off-by: NDan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: NDave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NEric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NBen Myers <bpm@sgi.com>

When the rootfs code was a wrapper around ramfs, having them in the same
file made sense.  Now that it can wrap another filesystem type, move it in
with the init code instead.

This also allows a subsequent patch to access rootfstype= command line
arg.
Signed-off-by: NRob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Even though ramfs hasn't got a backing device, commit e0bf68dd ("mm:
bdi init hooks") added one anyway, and put the initialization in
init_rootfs() since that's the first user, leaving it out of init_ramfs()
to avoid duplication.

But initmpfs uses init_tmpfs() instead, so move the init into the
filesystem's init function, add a "once" guard to prevent duplicate
initialization, and call the filesystem init from rootfs init.

This goes part of the way to allowing ramfs to be built as a module.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org; using bit 1 was odd]
Signed-off-by: NRob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Mounting MS_NOUSER prevents --bind mounts from rootfs.  Prevent new rootfs
mounts with a different mechanism that doesn't affect bind mounts.
Signed-off-by: NRob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With users of radix_tree_preload() run from interrupt (block/blk-ioc.c is
one such possible user), the following race can happen:

radix_tree_preload()
...
radix_tree_insert()
  radix_tree_node_alloc()
    if (rtp->nr) {
      ret = rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1];
<interrupt>
...
radix_tree_preload()
...
radix_tree_insert()
  radix_tree_node_alloc()
    if (rtp->nr) {
      ret = rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1];

And we give out one radix tree node twice.  That clearly results in radix
tree corruption with different results (usually OOPS) depending on which
two users of radix tree race.

We fix the problem by making radix_tree_node_alloc() always allocate fresh
radix tree nodes when in interrupt.  Using preloading when in interrupt
doesn't make sense since all the allocations have to be atomic anyway and
we cannot steal nodes from process-context users because some users rely
on radix_tree_insert() succeeding after radix_tree_preload().
in_interrupt() check is somewhat ugly but we cannot simply key off passed
gfp_mask as that is acquired from root_gfp_mask() and thus the same for
all preload users.

Another part of the fix is to avoid node preallocation in
radix_tree_preload() when passed gfp_mask doesn't allow waiting.  Again,
preallocation in such case doesn't make sense and when preallocation would
happen in interrupt we could possibly leak some allocated nodes.  However,
some users of radix_tree_preload() require following radix_tree_insert()
to succeed.  To avoid unexpected effects for these users,
radix_tree_preload() only warns if passed gfp mask doesn't allow waiting
and we provide a new function radix_tree_maybe_preload() for those users
which get different gfp mask from different call sites and which are
prepared to handle radix_tree_insert() failure.
Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It seems pretty unlikely that AFFS supports files over 4GB but we may as
well leave use loff_t just for cleanness sake instead of truncating it to
32 bits.
Signed-off-by: NDan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Marco Stornelli <marco.stornelli@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The patch "s390/vmcore: Implement remap_oldmem_pfn_range for s390" allows
now to use mmap also on s390.

So enable mmap for s390 again.
Signed-off-by: NMichael Holzheu <holzheu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jan Willeke <willeke@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

For zfcpdump we can't map the HSA storage because it is only available via
a read interface.  Therefore, for the new vmcore mmap feature we have
introduce a new mechanism to create mappings on demand.

This patch introduces a new architecture function remap_oldmem_pfn_range()
that should be used to create mappings with remap_pfn_range() for oldmem
areas that can be directly mapped.  For zfcpdump this is everything
besides of the HSA memory.  For the areas that are not mapped by
remap_oldmem_pfn_range() a generic vmcore a new generic vmcore fault
handler mmap_vmcore_fault() is called.

This handler works as follows:

* Get already available or new page from page cache (find_or_create_page)
* Check if /proc/vmcore page is filled with data (PageUptodate)
* If yes:
  Return that page
* If no:
  Fill page using __vmcore_read(), set PageUptodate, and return page
Signed-off-by: NMichael Holzheu <holzheu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jan Willeke <willeke@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

For s390 we want to use /proc/vmcore for our SCSI stand-alone dump
(zfcpdump).  We have support where the first HSA_SIZE bytes are saved into
a hypervisor owned memory area (HSA) before the kdump kernel is booted.
When the kdump kernel starts, it is restricted to use only HSA_SIZE bytes.

The advantages of this mechanism are:

 * No crashkernel memory has to be defined in the old kernel.
 * Early boot problems (before kexec_load has been done) can be dumped
 * Non-Linux systems can be dumped.

We modify the s390 copy_oldmem_page() function to read from the HSA memory
if memory below HSA_SIZE bytes is requested.

Since we cannot use the kexec tool to load the kernel in this scenario,
we have to build the ELF header in the 2nd (kdump/new) kernel.

So with the following patch set we would like to introduce the new
function that the ELF header for /proc/vmcore can be created in the 2nd
kernel memory.

The following steps are done during zfcpdump execution:

1.  Production system crashes
2.  User boots a SCSI disk that has been prepared with the zfcpdump tool
3.  Hypervisor saves CPU state of boot CPU and HSA_SIZE bytes of memory into HSA
4.  Boot loader loads kernel into low memory area
5.  Kernel boots and uses only HSA_SIZE bytes of memory
6.  Kernel saves registers of non-boot CPUs
7.  Kernel does memory detection for dump memory map
8.  Kernel creates ELF header for /proc/vmcore
9.  /proc/vmcore uses this header for initialization
10. The zfcpdump user space reads /proc/vmcore to write dump to SCSI disk
    - copy_oldmem_page() copies from HSA for memory below HSA_SIZE
    - copy_oldmem_page() copies from real memory for memory above HSA_SIZE

Currently for s390 we create the ELF core header in the 2nd kernel with a
small trick.  We relocate the addresses in the ELF header in a way that
for the /proc/vmcore code it seems to be in the 1st kernel (old) memory
and the read_from_oldmem() returns the correct data.  This allows the
/proc/vmcore code to use the ELF header in the 2nd kernel.

This patch:

Exchange the old mechanism with the new and much cleaner function call
override feature that now offcially allows to create the ELF core header
in the 2nd kernel.

To use the new feature the following function have to be defined
by the architecture backend code to read from new memory:

 * elfcorehdr_alloc: Allocate ELF header
 * elfcorehdr_free: Free the memory of the ELF header
 * elfcorehdr_read: Read from ELF header
 * elfcorehdr_read_notes: Read from ELF notes
Signed-off-by: NMichael Holzheu <holzheu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Jan Willeke <willeke@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The error hanling and ret-from-loop look confusing and inconsistent.

- "retval >= 0" simply returns

- "!bprm->file" returns too but with read_unlock() because
   binfmt_lock was already re-acquired

- "retval != -ENOEXEC || bprm->mm == NULL" does "break" and
  relies on the same check after the main loop

Consolidate these checks into a single if/return statement.

need_retry still checks "retval == -ENOEXEC", but this and -ENOENT before
the main loop are not needed.  This is only for pathological and
impossible list_empty(&formats) case.

It is not clear why do we check "bprm->mm == NULL", probably this
should be removed.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A separate one-liner for better documentation.

It doesn't make sense to retry if request_module() fails to exec
/sbin/modprobe, add the additional "request_module() < 0" check.

However, this logic still doesn't look exactly right:

1. It would be better to check "request_module() != 0", the user
   space modprobe process should report the correct exit code.
   But I didn't dare to add the user-visible change.

2. The whole ENOEXEC logic looks suboptimal. Suppose that we try
   to exec a "#!path-to-unsupported-binary" script. In this case
   request_module() + "retry" will be done twice: first by the
   "depth == 1" code, and then again by the "depth == 0" caller
   which doesn't make sense.

3. And note that in the case above bprm->buf was already changed
   by load_script()->prepare_binprm(), so this looks even more
   ugly.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

search_binary_handler() uses "for (try=0; try<2; try++)" to avoid "goto"
but the code looks too complicated and horrible imho.  We still need to
check "try == 0" before request_module() and add the additional "break"
for !CONFIG_MODULES case.

Kill this loop and use a simple "bool need_retry" + "goto retry".  The
code looks much simpler and we do not even need ifdef's, gcc can optimize
out the "if (need_retry)" block if !IS_ENABLED().
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

search_binary_handler() checks ->load_binary != NULL for no reason, this
method should be always defined.  Turn this check into WARN_ON() and move
it into __register_binfmt().

Also, kill the function pointer.  The current code looks confusing, as if
->load_binary can go away after read_unlock(&binfmt_lock).  But we rely on
module_get(fmt->module), this fmt can't be changed or unregistered,
otherwise this code is buggy anyway.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When search_binary_handler() succeeds it does allow_write_access() and
fput(), then it clears bprm->file to ensure the caller will not do the
same.

We can simply move this code to exec_binprm() which is called only once.
In fact we could move this to free_bprm() and remove the same code in
do_execve_common's error path.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A separate one-liner with the minor fix.

PROC_EVENT_EXEC reports the "exec" event, but this message is sent at
least twice if search_binary_handler() is called by ->load_binary()
recursively, say, load_script().

Move it to exec_binprm(), this is "depth == 0" code too.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Nobody except search_binary_handler() should touch ->recursion_depth, "int
depth" buys nothing but complicates the code, kill it.

Probably we should also kill "fn" and the !NULL check, ->load_binary
should be always defined.  And it can not go away after read_unlock() or
this code is buggy anyway.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Zach Levis <zml@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>