The usage of strict_strtoul() is not preferred, because
strict_strtoul() is obsolete. Thus, kstrtoul() should be
used.
Signed-off-by: NJingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Some devices have too few buttons, which it makes it hard to have
a reset combo that won't trigger automatically.  As such a
timeout functionality that requires the combination to be held for
a given amount of time before triggering is introduced.

If a key combo is recognized and held for a 'timeout' amount of time,
the system triggers a reset.  If the timeout value is omitted the
driver simply ignores the functionality.
Signed-off-by: NMathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>

Currently help message of /proc/sysrq-trigger highlight its
upper-case characters, like below:

      SysRq : HELP : loglevel(0-9) reBoot Crash terminate-all-tasks(E)
      memory-full-oom-kill(F) kill-all-tasks(I) ...

this would confuse user trigger sysrq by upper-case character, which is
inconsistent with the real lower-case character registed key.

This inconsistent help message will also lead more confused when
26 upper-case letters put into use in future.

This patch fix it.

Thanks the comments from Andrew and Randy.
Signed-off-by: Nzhangwei(Jovi) <jovi.zhangwei@huawei.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: NRandy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

When taking an address of an extern array, gcc quite naturally should be
able to say "an address of an object can never be NULL" and just
optimize away the test entirely.

However, the new alternate sysrq reset code (commit 154b7a48:
"Input: sysrq - allow specifying alternate reset sequence") did exactly
that, and declared platform_sysrq_reset_seq[] as a weak array, and
expecting that testing the address of the array would show whether it
actually got linked against something or not.

And that doesn't work with all gcc versions.  Clearly it works with
*some* versions of gcc, and maybe it's even supposed to work, but it
really is a very fragile concept.

So instead of testing the address of the weak variable, just create a
weak instance of that array that is empty.  If some platform then has a
real platform_sysrq_reset_seq[] that overrides our weak one, the linker
will switch to that one, and it all works without any run-time
conditionals at all.
Reported-by: NDave Airlie <airlied@gmail.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Move rt scheduler definitions out of include/linux/sched.h into
new file include/linux/sched/rt.h
Signed-off-by: NClark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130207094707.7b9f825f@riff.lanSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

This patch adds keyreset functionality to the sysrq driver. It allows
certain button/key combinations to be used in order to trigger emergency
reboots.

Redefining the '__weak platform_sysrq_reset_seq' variable is required
to trigger the feature.  Alternatively keys can be passed to the driver
via a module parameter.

This functionality comes from the keyreset driver submitted by
Arve Hjønnevåg in the Android kernel.
Signed-off-by: NMathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>

With hotpluggable and memoryless nodes, it's possible that node 0 will
not be online, so use the first online node's zonelist rather than
hardcoding node 0 to pass a zonelist with all zones to the oom killer.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Change send_sig_all() to use do_send_sig_info(SEND_SIG_FORCED) instead
of force_sig(SIGKILL).  With the recent changes we do not need force_ to
kill the CLONE_NEWPID tasks.

And this is more correct.  force_sig() can race with the exiting thread,
while do_send_sig_info(group => true) kill the whole process.

Some more notes from Oleg Nesterov:

> Just one note. This change makes no difference for sysrq_handle_kill().
> But it obviously changes the behaviour sysrq_handle_term(). I think
> this is fine, if you want to really kill the task which blocks/ignores
> SIGTERM you can use sysrq_handle_kill().
>
> Even ignoring the reasons why force_sig() is simply wrong here,
> force_sig(SIGTERM) looks strange. The task won't be killed if it has
> a handler, but SIG_IGN can't help. However if it has the handler
> but blocks SIGTERM temporary (this is very common) it will be killed.

Also,

> force_sig() can't kill the process if the main thread has already
> exited. IOW, it is trivial to create the process which can't be
> killed by sysrq.

So, this patch fixes the issue.
Suggested-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAnton Vorontsov <anton.vorontsov@linaro.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The oom killer chooses not to kill a thread if:

 - an eligible thread has already been oom killed and has yet to exit,
   and

 - an eligible thread is exiting but has yet to free all its memory and
   is not the thread attempting to currently allocate memory.

SysRq+F manually invokes the global oom killer to kill a memory-hogging
task.  This is normally done as a last resort to free memory when no
progress is being made or to test the oom killer itself.

For both uses, we always want to kill a thread and never defer.  This
patch causes SysRq+F to always kill an eligible thread and can be used to
force a kill even if another oom killed thread has failed to exit.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: NKOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NPekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Keyboard struct lifetime is easy, but the locking is not and is completely
ignored by the existing code. Tackle this one head on

- Make the kbd_table private so we can run down all direct users
- Hoick the relevant ioctl handlers into the keyboard layer
- Lock them with the keyboard lock so they don't change mid keypress
- Add helpers for things like console stop/start so we isolate the poking
  around properly
- Tweak the braille console so it still builds

There are a couple of FIXME locking cases left for ioctls that are so hideous
they should be addressed in a later patch. After this patch the kbd_table is
private and all the keyboard jiggery pokery is in one place.

This update fixes speakup and also a memory leak in the original.
Signed-off-by: NAlan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

There's a real possibility of killing kernel threads that might
have issued use_mm(), so kthread's mm might become non-NULL.

This patch fixes the issue by checking for PF_KTHREAD (just as
get_task_mm()).
Suggested-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAnton Vorontsov <anton.vorontsov@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

sysrq should grab the tasklist lock, otherwise calling force_sig() is
not safe, as it might race with exiting task, which ->sighand might be
set to NULL already.
Signed-off-by: NAnton Vorontsov <anton.vorontsov@linaro.org>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Move invalidate_bdev, block_sync_page into fs/block_dev.c.  Export
kill_bdev as well, so brd doesn't have to open code it.  Reduce
buffer_head.h requirement accordingly.

Removed a rather large comment from invalidate_bdev, as it looked a bit
obsolete to bother moving.  The small comment replacing it says enough.
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Commit ddd588b5 ("oom: suppress nodes that are not allowed from
meminfo on oom kill") moved lib/show_mem.o out of lib/lib.a, which
resulted in build warnings on all architectures that implement their own
versions of show_mem():

	lib/lib.a(show_mem.o): In function `show_mem':
	show_mem.c:(.text+0x1f4): multiple definition of `show_mem'
	arch/sparc/mm/built-in.o:(.text+0xd70): first defined here

The fix is to remove __show_mem() and add its argument to show_mem() in
all implementations to prevent this breakage.

Architectures that implement their own show_mem() actually don't do
anything with the argument yet, but they could be made to filter nodes
that aren't allowed in the current context in the future just like the
generic implementation.
Reported-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Reported-by: NJames Bottomley <James.Bottomley@hansenpartnership.com>
Suggested-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The tty code should be in its own subdirectory and not in the char
driver with all of the cruft that is currently there.

Based on work done by Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

All file_operations should get a .llseek operation so we can make
nonseekable_open the default for future file operations without a
.llseek pointer.

The three cases that we can automatically detect are no_llseek, seq_lseek
and default_llseek. For cases where we can we can automatically prove that
the file offset is always ignored, we use noop_llseek, which maintains
the current behavior of not returning an error from a seek.

New drivers should normally not use noop_llseek but instead use no_llseek
and call nonseekable_open at open time.  Existing drivers can be converted
to do the same when the maintainer knows for certain that no user code
relies on calling seek on the device file.

The generated code is often incorrectly indented and right now contains
comments that clarify for each added line why a specific variant was
chosen. In the version that gets submitted upstream, the comments will
be gone and I will manually fix the indentation, because there does not
seem to be a way to do that using coccinelle.

Some amount of new code is currently sitting in linux-next that should get
the same modifications, which I will do at the end of the merge window.

Many thanks to Julia Lawall for helping me learn to write a semantic
patch that does all this.

===== begin semantic patch =====
// This adds an llseek= method to all file operations,
// as a preparation for making no_llseek the default.
//
// The rules are
// - use no_llseek explicitly if we do nonseekable_open
// - use seq_lseek for sequential files
// - use default_llseek if we know we access f_pos
// - use noop_llseek if we know we don't access f_pos,
//   but we still want to allow users to call lseek
//
@ open1 exists @
identifier nested_open;
@@
nested_open(...)
{
<+...
nonseekable_open(...)
...+>
}

@ open exists@
identifier open_f;
identifier i, f;
identifier open1.nested_open;
@@
int open_f(struct inode *i, struct file *f)
{
<+...
(
nonseekable_open(...)
|
nested_open(...)
)
...+>
}

@ read disable optional_qualifier exists @
identifier read_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
expression E;
identifier func;
@@
ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
<+...
(
   *off = E
|
   *off += E
|
   func(..., off, ...)
|
   E = *off
)
...+>
}

@ read_no_fpos disable optional_qualifier exists @
identifier read_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
@@
ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
... when != off
}

@ write @
identifier write_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
expression E;
identifier func;
@@
ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
<+...
(
  *off = E
|
  *off += E
|
  func(..., off, ...)
|
  E = *off
)
...+>
}

@ write_no_fpos @
identifier write_f;
identifier f, p, s, off;
type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t;
@@
ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off)
{
... when != off
}

@ fops0 @
identifier fops;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
 ...
};

@ has_llseek depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier llseek_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
 .llseek = llseek_f,
...
};

@ has_read depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
 .read = read_f,
...
};

@ has_write depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier write_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
 .write = write_f,
...
};

@ has_open depends on fops0 @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier open_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
 .open = open_f,
...
};

// use no_llseek if we call nonseekable_open
////////////////////////////////////////////
@ nonseekable1 depends on !has_llseek && has_open @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier nso ~= "nonseekable_open";
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...  .open = nso, ...
+.llseek = no_llseek, /* nonseekable */
};

@ nonseekable2 depends on !has_llseek @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier open.open_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...  .open = open_f, ...
+.llseek = no_llseek, /* open uses nonseekable */
};

// use seq_lseek for sequential files
/////////////////////////////////////
@ seq depends on !has_llseek @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier sr ~= "seq_read";
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...  .read = sr, ...
+.llseek = seq_lseek, /* we have seq_read */
};

// use default_llseek if there is a readdir
///////////////////////////////////////////
@ fops1 depends on !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier readdir_e;
@@
// any other fop is used that changes pos
struct file_operations fops = {
... .readdir = readdir_e, ...
+.llseek = default_llseek, /* readdir is present */
};

// use default_llseek if at least one of read/write touches f_pos
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@ fops2 depends on !fops1 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read.read_f;
@@
// read fops use offset
struct file_operations fops = {
... .read = read_f, ...
+.llseek = default_llseek, /* read accesses f_pos */
};

@ fops3 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier write.write_f;
@@
// write fops use offset
struct file_operations fops = {
... .write = write_f, ...
+	.llseek = default_llseek, /* write accesses f_pos */
};

// Use noop_llseek if neither read nor write accesses f_pos
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

@ fops4 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !fops3 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read_no_fpos.read_f;
identifier write_no_fpos.write_f;
@@
// write fops use offset
struct file_operations fops = {
...
 .write = write_f,
 .read = read_f,
...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read and write both use no f_pos */
};

@ depends on has_write && !has_read && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier write_no_fpos.write_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
... .write = write_f, ...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* write uses no f_pos */
};

@ depends on has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
identifier read_no_fpos.read_f;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
... .read = read_f, ...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read uses no f_pos */
};

@ depends on !has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @
identifier fops0.fops;
@@
struct file_operations fops = {
...
+.llseek = noop_llseek, /* no read or write fn */
};
===== End semantic patch =====
Signed-off-by: NArnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>

Similarly to the keyboard handler, we are called by different input
devices and thus need to add spinlock if we want to maintain our
state properly.
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>

Sysrq operations do not accept tty argument anymore so no need to pass
it to us.

[Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>: fix build breakage in drm code
 caused by sysrq using bool but not including linux/types.h]

[Sachin Sant <sachinp@in.ibm.com>: fix build breakage in s390 keyboadr
 driver]
Acked-by: NAlan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Acked-by: NJason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>

Noone is using tty argument so let's get rid of it.
Acked-by: NAlan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Acked-by: NJason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>

The kdb code should not toggle the sysrq state in case an end user
wants to try and resume the normal kernel execution.
Signed-off-by: NJason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>

This shoud fix the problem with SysRq mode staying half-way enabled
and interfereing with normal PrtScrn operation after user presses ALT
for the first time.
Reported-and-tested-by: NÉric Piel <E.A.B.Piel@tudelft.nl>
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>

The ftrace_dump_on_oops kernel parameter, sysctl and sysrq let one
dump every cpu buffers when an oops or panic happens.

It's nice when you have few cpus but it may take ages if have many,
plus you miss the real origin of the problem in all the cpu traces.

Sometimes, all you need is to dump the cpu buffer that triggered the
opps, most of the time it is our main interest.

This patch modifies ftrace_dump_on_oops to handle this choice.

The ftrace_dump_on_oops kernel parameter, when it comes alone, has
the same behaviour than before. But ftrace_dump_on_oops=orig_cpu
will only dump the buffer of the cpu that oops'ed.

Similarly, sysctl kernel.ftrace_dump_on_oops=1 and
echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_dump_on_oops keep their previous
behaviour. But setting 2 jumps into cpu origin dump mode.

v2: Fix double setup
v3: Fix spelling issues reported by Randy Dunlap
v4: Also update __ftrace_dump in the selftests
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>

Instead of keeping SysRq support inside of legacy keyboard driver split
it out into a separate input handler (filter). This stops most SysRq input
events from leaking into evdev clients (some events, such as first SysRq
scancode - not keycode - event, are still leaked into both legacy keyboard
and evdev).

[martinez.javier@gmail.com: fix compile error when CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ is
 not defined]
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>

include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h

percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files.  percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.

percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed.  Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability.  As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.

  http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py

The script does the followings.

* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
  only the necessary includes are there.  ie. if only gfp is used,
  gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.

* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
  blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
  to its surrounding.  It's put in the include block which contains
  core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
  alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
  doesn't seem to be any matching order.

* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
  because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
  an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
  file.

The conversion was done in the following steps.

1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
   over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
   and ~3000 slab.h inclusions.  The script emitted errors for ~400
   files.

2. Each error was manually checked.  Some didn't need the inclusion,
   some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
   embedding .c file was more appropriate for others.  This step added
   inclusions to around 150 files.

3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
   from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.

4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
   e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
   APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.

5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
   editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
   files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell.  Most gfp.h
   inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
   wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros.  Each
   slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
   necessary.

6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.

7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
   were fixed.  CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
   distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
   more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
   build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).

   * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
   * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * ia64 SMP allmodconfig
   * s390 SMP allmodconfig
   * alpha SMP allmodconfig
   * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig

8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
   a separate patch and serve as bisection point.

Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>

Fix node-oriented allocation handling in oom-kill.c I myself think of this
as a bugfix not as an ehnancement.

In these days, things are changed as
  - alloc_pages() eats nodemask as its arguments, __alloc_pages_nodemask().
  - mempolicy don't maintain its own private zonelists.
  (And cpuset doesn't use nodemask for __alloc_pages_nodemask())

So, current oom-killer's check function is wrong.

This patch does
  - check nodemask, if nodemask && nodemask doesn't cover all
    node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY], this is CONSTRAINT_MEMORY_POLICY.
  - Scan all zonelist under nodemask, if it hits cpuset's wall
    this faiulre is from cpuset.
And
  - modifies the caller of out_of_memory not to call oom if __GFP_THISNODE.
    This doesn't change "current" behavior. If callers use __GFP_THISNODE
    it should handle "page allocation failure" by itself.

  - handle __GFP_NOFAIL+__GFP_THISNODE path.
    This is something like a FIXME but this gfpmask is not used now.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: NKAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hioryu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: NDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Bye-bye Performance Counters, welcome Performance Events!

In the past few months the perfcounters subsystem has grown out its
initial role of counting hardware events, and has become (and is
becoming) a much broader generic event enumeration, reporting, logging,
monitoring, analysis facility.

Naming its core object 'perf_counter' and naming the subsystem
'perfcounters' has become more and more of a misnomer. With pending
code like hw-breakpoints support the 'counter' name is less and
less appropriate.

All in one, we've decided to rename the subsystem to 'performance
events' and to propagate this rename through all fields, variables
and API names. (in an ABI compatible fashion)

The word 'event' is also a bit shorter than 'counter' - which makes
it slightly more convenient to write/handle as well.

Thanks goes to Stephane Eranian who first observed this misnomer and
suggested a rename.

User-space tooling and ABI compatibility is not affected - this patch
should be function-invariant. (Also, defconfigs were not touched to
keep the size down.)

This patch has been generated via the following script:

  FILES=$(find * -type f | grep -vE 'oprofile|[^K]config')

  sed -i \
    -e 's/PERF_EVENT_/PERF_RECORD_/g' \
    -e 's/PERF_COUNTER/PERF_EVENT/g' \
    -e 's/perf_counter/perf_event/g' \
    -e 's/nb_counters/nb_events/g' \
    -e 's/swcounter/swevent/g' \
    -e 's/tpcounter_event/tp_event/g' \
    $FILES

  for N in $(find . -name perf_counter.[ch]); do
    M=$(echo $N | sed 's/perf_counter/perf_event/g')
    mv $N $M
  done

  FILES=$(find . -name perf_event.*)

  sed -i \
    -e 's/COUNTER_MASK/REG_MASK/g' \
    -e 's/COUNTER/EVENT/g' \
    -e 's/\<event\>/event_id/g' \
    -e 's/counter/event/g' \
    -e 's/Counter/Event/g' \
    $FILES

... to keep it as correct as possible. This script can also be
used by anyone who has pending perfcounters patches - it converts
a Linux kernel tree over to the new naming. We tried to time this
change to the point in time where the amount of pending patches
is the smallest: the end of the merge window.

Namespace clashes were fixed up in a preparatory patch - and some
stylistic fallout will be fixed up in a subsequent patch.

( NOTE: 'counters' are still the proper terminology when we deal
  with hardware registers - and these sed scripts are a bit
  over-eager in renaming them. I've undone some of that, but
  in case there's something left where 'counter' would be
  better than 'event' we can undo that on an individual basis
  instead of touching an otherwise nicely automated patch. )
Suggested-by: NStephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: NPaul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

As Andrew noted, my previous patch ("debug lockups: Improve lockup
detection") broke/removed SysRq-L support from architecture that do
not provide a __trigger_all_cpu_backtrace implementation.

Restore a fallback path and clean up the SysRq-L machinery a bit:

 - Rename the arch method to arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace()

 - Simplify the define

 - Document the method a bit - in the hope of more architectures
   adding support for it.

[ The patch touches Sparc code for the rename. ]

Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
LKML-Reference: <20090802140809.7ec4bb6b.akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

When debugging a recent lockup bug i found various deficiencies
in how our current lockup detection helpers work:

 - SysRq-L is not very efficient as it uses a workqueue, hence
   it cannot punch through hard lockups and cannot see through
   most soft lockups either.

 - The SysRq-L code depends on the NMI watchdog - which is off
   by default.

 - We dont print backtraces from the RCU code's built-in
   'RCU state machine is stuck' debug code. This debug
   code tends to be one of the first (and only) mechanisms
   that show that a lockup has occured.

This patch changes the code so taht we:

 - Trigger the NMI backtrace code from SysRq-L instead of using
   a workqueue (which cannot punch through hard lockups)

 - Trigger print-all-CPU-backtraces from the RCU lockup detection
   code

Also decouple the backtrace printing code from the NMI watchdog:

 - Dont use variable size cpumasks (it might not be initialized
   and they are a bit more fragile anyway)

 - Trigger an NMI immediately via an IPI, instead of waiting
   for the NMI tick to occur. This is a lot faster and can
   produce more relevant backtraces. It will also work if the
   NMI watchdog is disabled.

 - Dont print the 'dazed and confused' message when we print
   a backtrace from the NMI

 - Do a show_regs() plus a dump_stack() to get maximum info
   out of the dump. Worst-case we get two stacktraces - which
   is not a big deal. Sometimes, if register content is
   corrupted, the precise stack walker in show_regs() wont
   give us a full backtrace - in this case dump_stack() will
   do it.

Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
LKML-Reference: <new-submission>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

commit d6580a9f ("kexec: sysrq: simplify
sysrq-c handler") changed the behavior of sysrq-c to unconditional
dereference of NULL pointer.  So in cases with CONFIG_KEXEC, where
crash_kexec() was directly called from sysrq-c before, now it can be said
that a step of "real oops" was inserted before starting kdump.

However, in contrast to oops via SysRq-c from keyboard which results in
panic due to in_interrupt(), oops via "echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger" will
not become panic unless panic_on_oops=1.  It means that even if dump is
properly configured to be taken on panic, the sysrq-c from proc interface
might not start crashdump while the sysrq-c from keyboard can start
crashdump.  This confuses traditional users of kdump, i.e.  people who
expect sysrq-c to do common behavior in both of the keyboard and proc
interface.

This patch brings the keyboard and proc interface behavior of sysrq-c in
line, by forcing panic_on_oops=1 before oops in sysrq-c handler.

And some updates in documentation are included, to clarify that there is
no longer dependency with CONFIG_KEXEC, and that now the system can just
crash by sysrq-c if no dump mechanism is configured.
Signed-off-by: NHidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ken'ichi Ohmichi <oomichi@mxs.nes.nec.co.jp>
Acked-by: NNeil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Acked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Brayan Arraes <brayan@yack.com.br>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently the sysrq-c handler is bit over-engineered.  Its behavior is
dependent on a few compile time and run time factors that alter its
behavior which is really unnecessecary.

If CONFIG_KEXEC is not configured, sysrq-c, crashes the system with a NULL
pointer dereference.  If CONFIG_KEXEC is configured, it calls crash_kexec
directly, which implies that the kexec kernel will either be booted (if
its been previously loaded), or it will simply do nothing (the no kexec
kernel has been loaded).

It would be much easier to just simplify the whole thing to dereference a
NULL pointer all the time regardless of configuration.  That way, it will
always try to crash the system, and if a kexec kernel has been loaded into
reserved space, it will still boot from the page fault trap handler
(assuming panic_on_oops is set appropriately).

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
Signed-off-by: NNeil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Acked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Brayan Arraes <brayan@yack.com.br>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 79e53945 introduced a
regression where you cannot use sysrq 'g' to enter kgdb.  The solution
is to move the intel fb sysrq over to V for video instead of G for
graphics.  The SMP VOYAGER code to register for the sysrq-v is not
anywhere to be found in the mainline kernel, so the comments in the
code were cleaned up as well.

This patch also cleans up the sysrq definitions for kgdb to make it
generic for the kernel debugger, such that the sysrq 'g' can be used
in the future to enter a gdbstub or another kernel debugger.
Signed-off-by: NJason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Acked-by: NJesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
Acked-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Remove duplicated #include in drivers/char/sysrq.c.
Signed-off-by: NHuang Weiyi <weiyi.huang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now that the filesystem freeze operation has been elevated to the VFS, and
is just an ioctl away, some sort of safety net for unintentionally frozen
root filesystems may be in order.

The timeout thaw originally proposed did not get merged, but perhaps
something like this would be useful in emergencies.

For example, freeze /path/to/mountpoint may freeze your root filesystem if
you forgot that you had that unmounted.

I chose 'j' as the last remaining character other than 'h' which is sort
of reserved for help (because help is generated on any unknown character).

I've tested this on a non-root fs with multiple (nested) freezers, as well
as on a system rendered unresponsive due to a frozen root fs.

[randy.dunlap@oracle.com: emergency thaw only if CONFIG_BLOCK enabled]
Signed-off-by: NEric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Cc: Takashi Sato <t-sato@yk.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With "cpumask: update irq_desc to use cpumask_var_t"
we get this build failure on s390:

  CC      drivers/char/sysrq.o
In file included from drivers/char/sysrq.c:38:
include/linux/irq.h: In function 'init_alloc_desc_masks':
include/linux/irq.h:442: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type

drivers/char/sysrq.c should include interrupt.h instead of irq.h.

Cc: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NHeiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

Impact: fix compile error on s390.

With "cpumask: update irq_desc to use cpumask_var_t" in linux-next
we get this compile bug on s390:

  CC      drivers/char/sysrq.o
In file included from drivers/char/sysrq.c:38:
include/linux/irq.h: In function 'init_alloc_desc_masks':
include/linux/irq.h:442: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type

Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NHeiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add an explanitory comment as to why we modify the kernel console loglevel
rather than simply moving sysrq messages to KERN_EMERG level.
Signed-off-by: NAndy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Eliminate sysrq terse help mode; make sysrq help messages more meaningful
(more explicit/verbose).  Make the sysrq action letter clearer by listing
it explicitly in more sysrq help messages (when it is not simple/clear).

The SysRq help message now looks like this:

SysRq : HELP : loglevel(0-9) reBoot terminate-all-tasks(E) memory-full-oom-kill(F) kill-all-tasks(I) saK show-backtrace-all-active-cpus(L) show-memory-usage(M) nice-all-RT-tasks(N) powerOff show-registers(P) show-all-timers(Q) unRaw Sync show-task-states(T) Unmount show-blocked-tasks(W)

Addresses http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=330403.
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: <jidanni@jidanni.org>
Cc: <330403@bugs.debian.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Impact: update documentation and help messages

We have a conventional method of explicitly stating the
sysrq action key in a sysrq help message, so change
dump-ftrace-buffer to use that method and add it to
Documentation/sysrq.txt.
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Implement the core kernel bits of Performance Counters subsystem.

The Linux Performance Counter subsystem provides an abstraction of
performance counter hardware capabilities. It provides per task and per
CPU counters, and it provides event capabilities on top of those.

Performance counters are accessed via special file descriptors.
There's one file descriptor per virtual counter used.

The special file descriptor is opened via the perf_counter_open()
system call:

 int
 perf_counter_open(u32 hw_event_type,
                   u32 hw_event_period,
                   u32 record_type,
                   pid_t pid,
                   int cpu);

The syscall returns the new fd. The fd can be used via the normal
VFS system calls: read() can be used to read the counter, fcntl()
can be used to set the blocking mode, etc.

Multiple counters can be kept open at a time, and the counters
can be poll()ed.

See more details in Documentation/perf-counters.txt.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>