tcp: when rearming RTO, if RTO time is in past then fire RTO ASAP

In some situations tcp_send_loss_probe() can realize that it's unable
to send a loss probe (TLP), and falls back to calling tcp_rearm_rto()
to schedule an RTO timer. In such cases, sometimes tcp_rearm_rto()
realizes that the RTO was eligible to fire immediately or at some
point in the past (delta_us <= 0). Previously in such cases
tcp_rearm_rto() was scheduling such "overdue" RTOs to happen at now +
icsk_rto, which caused needless delays of hundreds of milliseconds
(and non-linear behavior that made reproducible testing
difficult). This commit changes the logic to schedule "overdue" RTOs
ASAP, rather than at now + icsk_rto.

Fixes: 6ba8a3b1 ("tcp: Tail loss probe (TLP)")
Suggested-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NYuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NEric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

net/ipv4/tcp_input.c

@@ -3009,8 +3009,7 @@ void tcp_rearm_rto(struct sock *sk)
 			/* delta_us may not be positive if the socket is locked
 			 * when the retrans timer fires and is rescheduled.
 			 */
-			if (delta_us > 0)
-				rto = usecs_to_jiffies(delta_us);
+			rto = usecs_to_jiffies(max_t(int, delta_us, 1));
 		}
 		inet_csk_reset_xmit_timer(sk, ICSK_TIME_RETRANS, rto,
 					  TCP_RTO_MAX);