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提交 349888ee 编写于 作者: S Stefani Seibold 提交者： Linus Torvalds
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proc.txt: update kernel filesystem/proc.txt documentation 

An update for the "Process-Specific Subdirectories" section to reflect the
changes till kernel 2.6.30.
Signed-off-by: NStefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
上级 2f6d3110
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Showing with 190 addition and 52 deletion
Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
浏览文件 @ 349888ee
......@@ -5,11 +5,12 @@
Bodo Bauer <bb@ricochet.net>
2.4.x update Jorge Nerin <comandante@zaralinux.com> November 14 2000
move /proc/sys Shen Feng <shen@cn.fujitsu.com> April 1 2009
move /proc/sys Shen Feng <shen@cn.fujitsu.com> April 1 2009
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Version 1.3 Kernel version 2.2.12
Kernel version 2.4.0-test11-pre4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
fixes/update part 1.1 Stefani Seibold <stefani@seibold.net> June 9 2009
Table of Contents
-----------------
......@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ The link self points to the process reading the file system. Each process
subdirectory has the entries listed in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1: Process specific entries in /proc
Table 1-1: Process specific entries in /proc
..............................................................................
File Content
clear_refs Clears page referenced bits shown in smaps output
......@@ -134,46 +135,103 @@ Table 1-1: Process specific entries in /proc
status Process status in human readable form
wchan If CONFIG_KALLSYMS is set, a pre-decoded wchan
stack Report full stack trace, enable via CONFIG_STACKTRACE
smaps Extension based on maps, the rss size for each mapped file
smaps a extension based on maps, showing the memory consumption of
each mapping
..............................................................................
For example, to get the status information of a process, all you have to do is
read the file /proc/PID/status:
>cat /proc/self/status
Name: cat
State: R (running)
Pid: 5452
PPid: 743
>cat /proc/self/status
Name: cat
State: R (running)
Tgid: 5452
Pid: 5452
PPid: 743
TracerPid: 0 (2.4)
Uid: 501 501 501 501
Gid: 100 100 100 100
Groups: 100 14 16
VmSize: 1112 kB
VmLck: 0 kB
VmRSS: 348 kB
VmData: 24 kB
VmStk: 12 kB
VmExe: 8 kB
VmLib: 1044 kB
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 0000000000000000
SigIgn: 0000000000000000
SigCgt: 0000000000000000
CapInh: 00000000fffffeff
CapPrm: 0000000000000000
CapEff: 0000000000000000
Uid: 501 501 501 501
Gid: 100 100 100 100
FDSize: 256
Groups: 100 14 16
VmPeak: 5004 kB
VmSize: 5004 kB
VmLck: 0 kB
VmHWM: 476 kB
VmRSS: 476 kB
VmData: 156 kB
VmStk: 88 kB
VmExe: 68 kB
VmLib: 1412 kB
VmPTE: 20 kb
Threads: 1
SigQ: 0/28578
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
ShdPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 0000000000000000
SigIgn: 0000000000000000
SigCgt: 0000000000000000
CapInh: 00000000fffffeff
CapPrm: 0000000000000000
CapEff: 0000000000000000
CapBnd: ffffffffffffffff
voluntary_ctxt_switches: 0
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches: 1
This shows you nearly the same information you would get if you viewed it with
the ps command. In fact, ps uses the proc file system to obtain its
information. The statm file contains more detailed information about the
process memory usage. Its seven fields are explained in Table 1-2. The stat
file contains details information about the process itself. Its fields are
explained in Table 1-3.
information. But you get a more detailed view of the process by reading the
file /proc/PID/status. It fields are described in table 1-2.
The statm file contains more detailed information about the process
memory usage. Its seven fields are explained in Table 1-3. The stat file
contains details information about the process itself. Its fields are
explained in Table 1-4.
Table 1-2: Contents of the statm files (as of 2.6.30-rc7)
..............................................................................
Field Content
Name filename of the executable
State state (R is running, S is sleeping, D is sleeping
in an uninterruptible wait, Z is zombie,
T is traced or stopped)
Tgid thread group ID
Pid process id
PPid process id of the parent process
TracerPid PID of process tracing this process (0 if not)
Uid Real, effective, saved set, and file system UIDs
Gid Real, effective, saved set, and file system GIDs
FDSize number of file descriptor slots currently allocated
Groups supplementary group list
VmPeak peak virtual memory size
VmSize total program size
VmLck locked memory size
VmHWM peak resident set size ("high water mark")
VmRSS size of memory portions
VmData size of data, stack, and text segments
VmStk size of data, stack, and text segments
VmExe size of text segment
VmLib size of shared library code
VmPTE size of page table entries
Threads number of threads
SigQ number of signals queued/max. number for queue
SigPnd bitmap of pending signals for the thread
ShdPnd bitmap of shared pending signals for the process
SigBlk bitmap of blocked signals
SigIgn bitmap of ignored signals
SigCgt bitmap of catched signals
CapInh bitmap of inheritable capabilities
CapPrm bitmap of permitted capabilities
CapEff bitmap of effective capabilities
CapBnd bitmap of capabilities bounding set
Cpus_allowed mask of CPUs on which this process may run
Cpus_allowed_list Same as previous, but in "list format"
Mems_allowed mask of memory nodes allowed to this process
Mems_allowed_list Same as previous, but in "list format"
voluntary_ctxt_switches number of voluntary context switches
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches number of non voluntary context switches
..............................................................................
Table 1-2: Contents of the statm files (as of 2.6.8-rc3)
Table 1-3: Contents of the statm files (as of 2.6.8-rc3)
..............................................................................
Field Content
size total program size (pages) (same as VmSize in status)
......@@ -188,7 +246,7 @@ Table 1-2: Contents of the statm files (as of 2.6.8-rc3)
..............................................................................
Table 1-3: Contents of the stat files (as of 2.6.22-rc3)
Table 1-4: Contents of the stat files (as of 2.6.30-rc7)
..............................................................................
Field Content
pid process id
......@@ -222,10 +280,10 @@ Table 1-3: Contents of the stat files (as of 2.6.22-rc3)
start_stack address of the start of the stack
esp current value of ESP
eip current value of EIP
pending bitmap of pending signals (obsolete)
blocked bitmap of blocked signals (obsolete)
sigign bitmap of ignored signals (obsolete)
sigcatch bitmap of catched signals (obsolete)
pending bitmap of pending signals
blocked bitmap of blocked signals
sigign bitmap of ignored signals
sigcatch bitmap of catched signals
wchan address where process went to sleep
0 (place holder)
0 (place holder)
......@@ -234,19 +292,99 @@ Table 1-3: Contents of the stat files (as of 2.6.22-rc3)
rt_priority realtime priority
policy scheduling policy (man sched_setscheduler)
blkio_ticks time spent waiting for block IO
gtime guest time of the task in jiffies
cgtime guest time of the task children in jiffies
..............................................................................
The /proc/PID/map file containing the currently mapped memory regions and
their access permissions.
The format is:
address perms offset dev inode pathname
08048000-08049000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 8312 /opt/test
08049000-0804a000 rw-p 00001000 03:00 8312 /opt/test
0804a000-0806b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [heap]
a7cb1000-a7cb2000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
a7cb2000-a7eb2000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
a7eb2000-a7eb3000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
a7eb3000-a7ed5000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
a7ed5000-a8008000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6
a8008000-a800a000 r--p 00133000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6
a800a000-a800b000 rw-p 00135000 03:00 4222 /lib/libc.so.6
a800b000-a800e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
a800e000-a8022000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0
a8022000-a8023000 r--p 00013000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0
a8023000-a8024000 rw-p 00014000 03:00 14462 /lib/libpthread.so.0
a8024000-a8027000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
a8027000-a8043000 r-xp 00000000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
a8043000-a8044000 r--p 0001b000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
a8044000-a8045000 rw-p 0001c000 03:00 8317 /lib/ld-linux.so.2
aff35000-aff4a000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack]
ffffe000-fffff000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso]
where "address" is the address space in the process that it occupies, "perms"
is a set of permissions:
r = read
w = write
x = execute
s = shared
p = private (copy on write)
"offset" is the offset into the mapping, "dev" is the device (major:minor), and
"inode" is the inode on that device. 0 indicates that no inode is associated
with the memory region, as the case would be with BSS (uninitialized data).
The "pathname" shows the name associated file for this mapping. If the mapping
is not associated with a file:
[heap] = the heap of the program
[stack] = the stack of the main process
[vdso] = the "virtual dynamic shared object",
the kernel system call handler
or if empty, the mapping is anonymous.
The /proc/PID/smaps is an extension based on maps, showing the memory
consumption for each of the process's mappings. For each of mappings there
is a series of lines such as the following:
08048000-080bc000 r-xp 00000000 03:02 13130 /bin/bash
Size: 1084 kB
Rss: 892 kB
Pss: 374 kB
Shared_Clean: 892 kB
Shared_Dirty: 0 kB
Private_Clean: 0 kB
Private_Dirty: 0 kB
Referenced: 892 kB
Swap: 0 kB
KernelPageSize: 4 kB
MMUPageSize: 4 kB
The first of these lines shows the same information as is displayed for the
mapping in /proc/PID/maps. The remaining lines show the size of the mapping,
the amount of the mapping that is currently resident in RAM, the "proportional
set size” (divide each shared page by the number of processes sharing it), the
number of clean and dirty shared pages in the mapping, and the number of clean
and dirty private pages in the mapping. The "Referenced" indicates the amount
of memory currently marked as referenced or accessed.
This file is only present if the CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is
enabled.
1.2 Kernel data
---------------
Similar to the process entries, the kernel data files give information about
the running kernel. The files used to obtain this information are contained in
/proc and are listed in Table 1-4. Not all of these will be present in your
/proc and are listed in Table 1-5. Not all of these will be present in your
system. It depends on the kernel configuration and the loaded modules, which
files are there, and which are missing.
Table 1-4: Kernel info in /proc
Table 1-5: Kernel info in /proc
..............................................................................
File Content
apm Advanced power management info
......@@ -634,10 +772,10 @@ IDE devices:
More detailed information can be found in the controller specific
subdirectories. These are named ide0, ide1 and so on. Each of these
directories contains the files shown in table 1-5.
directories contains the files shown in table 1-6.
Table 1-5: IDE controller info in /proc/ide/ide?
Table 1-6: IDE controller info in /proc/ide/ide?
..............................................................................
File Content
channel IDE channel (0 or 1)
......@@ -647,11 +785,11 @@ Table 1-5: IDE controller info in /proc/ide/ide?
..............................................................................
Each device connected to a controller has a separate subdirectory in the
controllers directory. The files listed in table 1-6 are contained in these
controllers directory. The files listed in table 1-7 are contained in these
directories.
Table 1-6: IDE device information
Table 1-7: IDE device information
..............................................................................
File Content
cache The cache
......@@ -693,12 +831,12 @@ the drive parameters:
1.4 Networking info in /proc/net
--------------------------------
The subdirectory /proc/net follows the usual pattern. Table 1-6 shows the
The subdirectory /proc/net follows the usual pattern. Table 1-8 shows the
additional values you get for IP version 6 if you configure the kernel to
support this. Table 1-7 lists the files and their meaning.
support this. Table 1-9 lists the files and their meaning.
Table 1-6: IPv6 info in /proc/net
Table 1-8: IPv6 info in /proc/net
..............................................................................
File Content
udp6 UDP sockets (IPv6)
......@@ -713,7 +851,7 @@ Table 1-6: IPv6 info in /proc/net
..............................................................................
Table 1-7: Network info in /proc/net
Table 1-9: Network info in /proc/net
..............................................................................
File Content
arp Kernel ARP table
......@@ -837,10 +975,10 @@ The directory /proc/parport contains information about the parallel ports of
your system. It has one subdirectory for each port, named after the port
number (0,1,2,...).
These directories contain the four files shown in Table 1-8.
These directories contain the four files shown in Table 1-10.
Table 1-8: Files in /proc/parport
Table 1-10: Files in /proc/parport
..............................................................................
File Content
autoprobe Any IEEE-1284 device ID information that has been acquired.
......@@ -858,10 +996,10 @@ Table 1-8: Files in /proc/parport
Information about the available and actually used tty's can be found in the
directory /proc/tty.You'll find entries for drivers and line disciplines in
this directory, as shown in Table 1-9.
this directory, as shown in Table 1-11.
Table 1-9: Files in /proc/tty
Table 1-11: Files in /proc/tty
..............................................................................
File Content
drivers list of drivers and their usage
......@@ -952,9 +1090,9 @@ Information about mounted ext4 file systems can be found in
/proc/fs/ext4. Each mounted filesystem will have a directory in
/proc/fs/ext4 based on its device name (i.e., /proc/fs/ext4/hdc or
/proc/fs/ext4/dm-0). The files in each per-device directory are shown
in Table 1-10, below.
in Table 1-12, below.
Table 1-10: Files in /proc/fs/ext4/<devname>
Table 1-12: Files in /proc/fs/ext4/<devname>
..............................................................................
File Content
mb_groups details of multiblock allocator buddy cache of free blocks
......
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