afs: Fix permit refcounting

Fix four refcount bugs in afs_cache_permit():

 (1) When checking the result of the kzalloc(), we can't just return, but
     must put 'permits'.

 (2) We shouldn't put permits immediately after hashing a new permit as we
     need to keep the pointer stable so that we can check to see if
     vnode->permit_cache has changed before we decide whether to assign to
     it.

 (3) 'permits' is being put twice.

 (4) We need to put either the replacement or the thing replaced after the
     assignment to vnode->permit_cache.

Without this, lots of the following are seen:

  Kernel BUG at ffffffffa039857b [verbose debug info unavailable]
  ------------[ cut here ]------------
  Kernel BUG at ffffffffa039858a [verbose debug info unavailable]
  ------------[ cut here ]------------

The addresses are in the .text..refcount section of the kafs.ko module.
Following the relocation records for the __ex_table section shows one to be
due to the decrement in afs_put_permits() and the other to be key_get() in
afs_cache_permit().

Occasionally, the following is seen:

  refcount_t overflow at afs_cache_permit+0x57d/0x5c0 [kafs] in cc1[562], uid/euid: 0/0
  WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 562 at kernel/panic.c:657 refcount_error_report+0x9c/0xac
  ...
Reported-by: NMarc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NMarc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>

fs/afs/security.c

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ static void afs_hash_permits(struct afs_permits *permits)
 void afs_cache_permit(struct afs_vnode *vnode, struct key *key,
 		      unsigned int cb_break)
 {
-	struct afs_permits *permits, *xpermits, *replacement, *new = NULL;
+	struct afs_permits *permits, *xpermits, *replacement, *zap, *new = NULL;
 	afs_access_t caller_access = READ_ONCE(vnode->status.caller_access);
 	size_t size = 0;
 	bool changed = false;
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ void afs_cache_permit(struct afs_vnode *vnode, struct key *key,
 	new = kzalloc(sizeof(struct afs_permits) +
 		      sizeof(struct afs_permit) * size, GFP_NOFS);
 	if (!new)
-		return;
+		goto out_put;
 
 	refcount_set(&new->usage, 1);
 	new->nr_permits = size;
@@ -229,8 +229,6 @@ void afs_cache_permit(struct afs_vnode *vnode, struct key *key,
 
 	afs_hash_permits(new);
 
-	afs_put_permits(permits);
-
 	/* Now see if the permit list we want is actually already available */
 	spin_lock(&afs_permits_lock);
 
@@ -262,11 +260,15 @@ void afs_cache_permit(struct afs_vnode *vnode, struct key *key,
 	kfree(new);
 
 	spin_lock(&vnode->lock);
-	if (cb_break != (vnode->cb_break + vnode->cb_interest->server->cb_s_break) ||
-	    permits != rcu_access_pointer(vnode->permit_cache))
-		goto someone_else_changed_it_unlock;
-	rcu_assign_pointer(vnode->permit_cache, replacement);
+	zap = rcu_access_pointer(vnode->permit_cache);
+	if (cb_break == (vnode->cb_break + vnode->cb_interest->server->cb_s_break) &&
+	    zap == permits)
+		rcu_assign_pointer(vnode->permit_cache, replacement);
+	else
+		zap = replacement;
 	spin_unlock(&vnode->lock);
+	afs_put_permits(zap);
+out_put:
 	afs_put_permits(permits);
 	return;