nand_ecc.c

/*
 * This file contains an ECC algorithm from Toshiba that detects and
 * corrects 1 bit errors in a 256 byte block of data.
 *
 * drivers/mtd/nand/nand_ecc.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2000-2004 Steven J. Hill (sjhill@realitydiluted.com)
 *                         Toshiba America Electronics Components, Inc.
 *
 * $Id: nand_ecc.c,v 1.14 2004/06/16 15:34:37 gleixner Exp $
 *
 * This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 or (at your option) any
 * later version.
 * 
 * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * for more details.
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this file; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA.
 * 
 * As a special exception, if other files instantiate templates or use
 * macros or inline functions from these files, or you compile these
 * files and link them with other works to produce a work based on these
 * files, these files do not by themselves cause the resulting work to be
 * covered by the GNU General Public License. However the source code for
 * these files must still be made available in accordance with section (3)
 * of the GNU General Public License.
 * 
 * This exception does not invalidate any other reasons why a work based on
 * this file might be covered by the GNU General Public License.
 */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mtd/nand_ecc.h>

/*
 * Pre-calculated 256-way 1 byte column parity
 */
static const u_char nand_ecc_precalc_table[] = {
	0x00, 0x55, 0x56, 0x03, 0x59, 0x0c, 0x0f, 0x5a, 0x5a, 0x0f, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x03, 0x56, 0x55, 0x00,
	0x65, 0x30, 0x33, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x6a, 0x69, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x33, 0x30, 0x65,
	0x66, 0x33, 0x30, 0x65, 0x3f, 0x6a, 0x69, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x3f, 0x65, 0x30, 0x33, 0x66,
	0x03, 0x56, 0x55, 0x00, 0x5a, 0x0f, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x59, 0x0c, 0x0f, 0x5a, 0x00, 0x55, 0x56, 0x03,
	0x69, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x6a, 0x30, 0x65, 0x66, 0x33, 0x33, 0x66, 0x65, 0x30, 0x6a, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x69,
	0x0c, 0x59, 0x5a, 0x0f, 0x55, 0x00, 0x03, 0x56, 0x56, 0x03, 0x00, 0x55, 0x0f, 0x5a, 0x59, 0x0c,
	0x0f, 0x5a, 0x59, 0x0c, 0x56, 0x03, 0x00, 0x55, 0x55, 0x00, 0x03, 0x56, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x5a, 0x0f,
	0x6a, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x69, 0x33, 0x66, 0x65, 0x30, 0x30, 0x65, 0x66, 0x33, 0x69, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x6a,
	0x6a, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x69, 0x33, 0x66, 0x65, 0x30, 0x30, 0x65, 0x66, 0x33, 0x69, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x6a,
	0x0f, 0x5a, 0x59, 0x0c, 0x56, 0x03, 0x00, 0x55, 0x55, 0x00, 0x03, 0x56, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x5a, 0x0f,
	0x0c, 0x59, 0x5a, 0x0f, 0x55, 0x00, 0x03, 0x56, 0x56, 0x03, 0x00, 0x55, 0x0f, 0x5a, 0x59, 0x0c,
	0x69, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x6a, 0x30, 0x65, 0x66, 0x33, 0x33, 0x66, 0x65, 0x30, 0x6a, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x69,
	0x03, 0x56, 0x55, 0x00, 0x5a, 0x0f, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x59, 0x0c, 0x0f, 0x5a, 0x00, 0x55, 0x56, 0x03,
	0x66, 0x33, 0x30, 0x65, 0x3f, 0x6a, 0x69, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x3f, 0x65, 0x30, 0x33, 0x66,
	0x65, 0x30, 0x33, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x6a, 0x69, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x33, 0x30, 0x65,
	0x00, 0x55, 0x56, 0x03, 0x59, 0x0c, 0x0f, 0x5a, 0x5a, 0x0f, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x03, 0x56, 0x55, 0x00
};


/**
 * nand_trans_result - [GENERIC] create non-inverted ECC
 * @reg2:	line parity reg 2
 * @reg3:	line parity reg 3
 * @ecc_code:	ecc 
 *
 * Creates non-inverted ECC code from line parity
 */
static void nand_trans_result(u_char reg2, u_char reg3,
	u_char *ecc_code)
{
	u_char a, b, i, tmp1, tmp2;
	
	/* Initialize variables */
	a = b = 0x80;
	tmp1 = tmp2 = 0;
	
	/* Calculate first ECC byte */
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		if (reg3 & a)		/* LP15,13,11,9 --> ecc_code[0] */
			tmp1 |= b;
		b >>= 1;
		if (reg2 & a)		/* LP14,12,10,8 --> ecc_code[0] */
			tmp1 |= b;
		b >>= 1;
		a >>= 1;
	}
	
	/* Calculate second ECC byte */
	b = 0x80;
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		if (reg3 & a)		/* LP7,5,3,1 --> ecc_code[1] */
			tmp2 |= b;
		b >>= 1;
		if (reg2 & a)		/* LP6,4,2,0 --> ecc_code[1] */
			tmp2 |= b;
		b >>= 1;
		a >>= 1;
	}
	
	/* Store two of the ECC bytes */
	ecc_code[0] = tmp1;
	ecc_code[1] = tmp2;
}

/**
 * nand_calculate_ecc - [NAND Interface] Calculate 3 byte ECC code for 256 byte block
 * @mtd:	MTD block structure
 * @dat:	raw data
 * @ecc_code:	buffer for ECC
 */
int nand_calculate_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, const u_char *dat, u_char *ecc_code)
{
	u_char idx, reg1, reg2, reg3;
	int j;
	
	/* Initialize variables */
	reg1 = reg2 = reg3 = 0;
	ecc_code[0] = ecc_code[1] = ecc_code[2] = 0;
	
	/* Build up column parity */ 
	for(j = 0; j < 256; j++) {
		
		/* Get CP0 - CP5 from table */
		idx = nand_ecc_precalc_table[dat[j]];
		reg1 ^= (idx & 0x3f);
		
		/* All bit XOR = 1 ? */
		if (idx & 0x40) {
			reg3 ^= (u_char) j;
			reg2 ^= ~((u_char) j);
		}
	}
	
	/* Create non-inverted ECC code from line parity */
	nand_trans_result(reg2, reg3, ecc_code);
	
	/* Calculate final ECC code */
	ecc_code[0] = ~ecc_code[0];
	ecc_code[1] = ~ecc_code[1];
	ecc_code[2] = ((~reg1) << 2) | 0x03;
	return 0;
}

/**
 * nand_correct_data - [NAND Interface] Detect and correct bit error(s)
 * @mtd:	MTD block structure
 * @dat:	raw data read from the chip
 * @read_ecc:	ECC from the chip
 * @calc_ecc:	the ECC calculated from raw data
 *
 * Detect and correct a 1 bit error for 256 byte block
 */
int nand_correct_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat, u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
{
	u_char a, b, c, d1, d2, d3, add, bit, i;
	
	/* Do error detection */ 
	d1 = calc_ecc[0] ^ read_ecc[0];
	d2 = calc_ecc[1] ^ read_ecc[1];
	d3 = calc_ecc[2] ^ read_ecc[2];
	
	if ((d1 | d2 | d3) == 0) {
		/* No errors */
		return 0;
	}
	else {
		a = (d1 ^ (d1 >> 1)) & 0x55;
		b = (d2 ^ (d2 >> 1)) & 0x55;
		c = (d3 ^ (d3 >> 1)) & 0x54;
		
		/* Found and will correct single bit error in the data */
		if ((a == 0x55) && (b == 0x55) && (c == 0x54)) {
			c = 0x80;
			add = 0;
			a = 0x80;
			for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
				if (d1 & c)
					add |= a;
				c >>= 2;
				a >>= 1;
			}
			c = 0x80;
			for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
				if (d2 & c)
					add |= a;
				c >>= 2;
				a >>= 1;
			}
			bit = 0;
			b = 0x04;
			c = 0x80;
			for (i=0; i<3; i++) {
				if (d3 & c)
					bit |= b;
				c >>= 2;
				b >>= 1;
			}
			b = 0x01;
			a = dat[add];
			a ^= (b << bit);
			dat[add] = a;
			return 1;
		}
		else {
			i = 0;
			while (d1) {
				if (d1 & 0x01)
					++i;
				d1 >>= 1;
			}
			while (d2) {
				if (d2 & 0x01)
					++i;
				d2 >>= 1;
			}
			while (d3) {
				if (d3 & 0x01)
					++i;
				d3 >>= 1;
			}
			if (i == 1) {
				/* ECC Code Error Correction */
				read_ecc[0] = calc_ecc[0];
				read_ecc[1] = calc_ecc[1];
				read_ecc[2] = calc_ecc[2];
				return 2;
			}
			else {
				/* Uncorrectable Error */
				return -1;
			}
		}
	}
	
	/* Should never happen */
	return -1;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(nand_calculate_ecc);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(nand_correct_data);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Steven J. Hill <sjhill@realitydiluted.com>");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Generic NAND ECC support");