sch_fq_codel.c

/*
 * Fair Queue CoDel discipline
 *
 *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2012,2015 Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/jhash.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <net/netlink.h>
#include <net/pkt_sched.h>
#include <net/codel.h>

/*	Fair Queue CoDel.
 *
 * Principles :
 * Packets are classified (internal classifier or external) on flows.
 * This is a Stochastic model (as we use a hash, several flows
 *			       might be hashed on same slot)
 * Each flow has a CoDel managed queue.
 * Flows are linked onto two (Round Robin) lists,
 * so that new flows have priority on old ones.
 *
 * For a given flow, packets are not reordered (CoDel uses a FIFO)
 * head drops only.
 * ECN capability is on by default.
 * Low memory footprint (64 bytes per flow)
 */

struct fq_codel_flow {
	struct sk_buff	  *head;
	struct sk_buff	  *tail;
	struct list_head  flowchain;
	int		  deficit;
	u32		  dropped; /* number of drops (or ECN marks) on this flow */
	struct codel_vars cvars;
}; /* please try to keep this structure <= 64 bytes */

struct fq_codel_sched_data {
	struct tcf_proto __rcu *filter_list; /* optional external classifier */
	struct fq_codel_flow *flows;	/* Flows table [flows_cnt] */
	u32		*backlogs;	/* backlog table [flows_cnt] */
	u32		flows_cnt;	/* number of flows */
	u32		perturbation;	/* hash perturbation */
	u32		quantum;	/* psched_mtu(qdisc_dev(sch)); */
	struct codel_params cparams;
	struct codel_stats cstats;
	u32		drop_overlimit;
	u32		new_flow_count;

	struct list_head new_flows;	/* list of new flows */
	struct list_head old_flows;	/* list of old flows */
};

static unsigned int fq_codel_hash(const struct fq_codel_sched_data *q,
				  struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	u32 hash = skb_get_hash_perturb(skb, q->perturbation);

	return reciprocal_scale(hash, q->flows_cnt);
}

static unsigned int fq_codel_classify(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
				      int *qerr)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct tcf_proto *filter;
	struct tcf_result res;
	int result;

	if (TC_H_MAJ(skb->priority) == sch->handle &&
	    TC_H_MIN(skb->priority) > 0 &&
	    TC_H_MIN(skb->priority) <= q->flows_cnt)
		return TC_H_MIN(skb->priority);

	filter = rcu_dereference_bh(q->filter_list);
	if (!filter)
		return fq_codel_hash(q, skb) + 1;

	*qerr = NET_XMIT_SUCCESS | __NET_XMIT_BYPASS;
	result = tc_classify(skb, filter, &res, false);
	if (result >= 0) {
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT
		switch (result) {
		case TC_ACT_STOLEN:
		case TC_ACT_QUEUED:
			*qerr = NET_XMIT_SUCCESS | __NET_XMIT_STOLEN;
		case TC_ACT_SHOT:
			return 0;
		}
#endif
		if (TC_H_MIN(res.classid) <= q->flows_cnt)
			return TC_H_MIN(res.classid);
	}
	return 0;
}

/* helper functions : might be changed when/if skb use a standard list_head */

/* remove one skb from head of slot queue */
static inline struct sk_buff *dequeue_head(struct fq_codel_flow *flow)
{
	struct sk_buff *skb = flow->head;

	flow->head = skb->next;
	skb->next = NULL;
	return skb;
}

/* add skb to flow queue (tail add) */
static inline void flow_queue_add(struct fq_codel_flow *flow,
				  struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	if (flow->head == NULL)
		flow->head = skb;
	else
		flow->tail->next = skb;
	flow->tail = skb;
	skb->next = NULL;
}

static unsigned int fq_codel_drop(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct sk_buff *skb;
	unsigned int maxbacklog = 0, idx = 0, i, len;
	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;

	/* Queue is full! Find the fat flow and drop packet from it.
	 * This might sound expensive, but with 1024 flows, we scan
	 * 4KB of memory, and we dont need to handle a complex tree
	 * in fast path (packet queue/enqueue) with many cache misses.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < q->flows_cnt; i++) {
		if (q->backlogs[i] > maxbacklog) {
			maxbacklog = q->backlogs[i];
			idx = i;
		}
	}
	flow = &q->flows[idx];
	skb = dequeue_head(flow);
	len = qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
	q->backlogs[idx] -= len;
	sch->q.qlen--;
	qdisc_qstats_drop(sch);
	qdisc_qstats_backlog_dec(sch, skb);
	kfree_skb(skb);
	flow->dropped++;
	return idx;
}

static unsigned int fq_codel_qdisc_drop(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	unsigned int prev_backlog;

	prev_backlog = sch->qstats.backlog;
	fq_codel_drop(sch);
	return prev_backlog - sch->qstats.backlog;
}

static int fq_codel_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	unsigned int idx, prev_backlog;
	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;
	int uninitialized_var(ret);

	idx = fq_codel_classify(skb, sch, &ret);
	if (idx == 0) {
		if (ret & __NET_XMIT_BYPASS)
			qdisc_qstats_drop(sch);
		kfree_skb(skb);
		return ret;
	}
	idx--;

	codel_set_enqueue_time(skb);
	flow = &q->flows[idx];
	flow_queue_add(flow, skb);
	q->backlogs[idx] += qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
	qdisc_qstats_backlog_inc(sch, skb);

	if (list_empty(&flow->flowchain)) {
		list_add_tail(&flow->flowchain, &q->new_flows);
		q->new_flow_count++;
		flow->deficit = q->quantum;
		flow->dropped = 0;
	}
	if (++sch->q.qlen <= sch->limit)
		return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS;

	prev_backlog = sch->qstats.backlog;
	q->drop_overlimit++;
	/* Return Congestion Notification only if we dropped a packet
	 * from this flow.
	 */
	if (fq_codel_drop(sch) == idx)
		return NET_XMIT_CN;

	/* As we dropped a packet, better let upper stack know this */
	qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog(sch, 1, prev_backlog - sch->qstats.backlog);
	return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS;
}

/* This is the specific function called from codel_dequeue()
 * to dequeue a packet from queue. Note: backlog is handled in
 * codel, we dont need to reduce it here.
 */
static struct sk_buff *dequeue(struct codel_vars *vars, struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;
	struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;

	flow = container_of(vars, struct fq_codel_flow, cvars);
	if (flow->head) {
		skb = dequeue_head(flow);
		q->backlogs[flow - q->flows] -= qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
		sch->q.qlen--;
	}
	return skb;
}

static struct sk_buff *fq_codel_dequeue(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct sk_buff *skb;
	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;
	struct list_head *head;
	u32 prev_drop_count, prev_ecn_mark;
	unsigned int prev_backlog;

begin:
	head = &q->new_flows;
	if (list_empty(head)) {
		head = &q->old_flows;
		if (list_empty(head))
			return NULL;
	}
	flow = list_first_entry(head, struct fq_codel_flow, flowchain);

	if (flow->deficit <= 0) {
		flow->deficit += q->quantum;
		list_move_tail(&flow->flowchain, &q->old_flows);
		goto begin;
	}

	prev_drop_count = q->cstats.drop_count;
	prev_ecn_mark = q->cstats.ecn_mark;
	prev_backlog = sch->qstats.backlog;

	skb = codel_dequeue(sch, &q->cparams, &flow->cvars, &q->cstats,
			    dequeue);

	flow->dropped += q->cstats.drop_count - prev_drop_count;
	flow->dropped += q->cstats.ecn_mark - prev_ecn_mark;

	if (!skb) {
		/* force a pass through old_flows to prevent starvation */
		if ((head == &q->new_flows) && !list_empty(&q->old_flows))
			list_move_tail(&flow->flowchain, &q->old_flows);
		else
			list_del_init(&flow->flowchain);
		goto begin;
	}
	qdisc_bstats_update(sch, skb);
	flow->deficit -= qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
	/* We cant call qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() if our qlen is 0,
	 * or HTB crashes. Defer it for next round.
	 */
	if (q->cstats.drop_count && sch->q.qlen) {
		qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog(sch, q->cstats.drop_count,
					  q->cstats.drop_len);
		q->cstats.drop_count = 0;
		q->cstats.drop_len = 0;
	}
	return skb;
}

static void fq_codel_reset(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	int i;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&q->new_flows);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&q->old_flows);
	for (i = 0; i < q->flows_cnt; i++) {
		struct fq_codel_flow *flow = q->flows + i;

		while (flow->head) {
			struct sk_buff *skb = dequeue_head(flow);

			qdisc_qstats_backlog_dec(sch, skb);
			kfree_skb(skb);
		}

		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&flow->flowchain);
		codel_vars_init(&flow->cvars);
	}
	memset(q->backlogs, 0, q->flows_cnt * sizeof(u32));
	sch->q.qlen = 0;
}

static const struct nla_policy fq_codel_policy[TCA_FQ_CODEL_MAX + 1] = {
	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_CE_THRESHOLD] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
};

static int fq_codel_change(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct nlattr *tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_MAX + 1];
	int err;

	if (!opt)
		return -EINVAL;

	err = nla_parse_nested(tb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_MAX, opt, fq_codel_policy);
	if (err < 0)
		return err;
	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS]) {
		if (q->flows)
			return -EINVAL;
		q->flows_cnt = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS]);
		if (!q->flows_cnt ||
		    q->flows_cnt > 65536)
			return -EINVAL;
	}
	sch_tree_lock(sch);

	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET]) {
		u64 target = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET]);

		q->cparams.target = (target * NSEC_PER_USEC) >> CODEL_SHIFT;
	}

	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_CE_THRESHOLD]) {
		u64 val = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_CE_THRESHOLD]);

		q->cparams.ce_threshold = (val * NSEC_PER_USEC) >> CODEL_SHIFT;
	}

	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL]) {
		u64 interval = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL]);

		q->cparams.interval = (interval * NSEC_PER_USEC) >> CODEL_SHIFT;
	}

	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT])
		sch->limit = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT]);

	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN])
		q->cparams.ecn = !!nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN]);

	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM])
		q->quantum = max(256U, nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM]));

	while (sch->q.qlen > sch->limit) {
		struct sk_buff *skb = fq_codel_dequeue(sch);

		q->cstats.drop_len += qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
		kfree_skb(skb);
		q->cstats.drop_count++;
	}
	qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog(sch, q->cstats.drop_count, q->cstats.drop_len);
	q->cstats.drop_count = 0;
	q->cstats.drop_len = 0;

	sch_tree_unlock(sch);
	return 0;
}

static void *fq_codel_zalloc(size_t sz)
{
	void *ptr = kzalloc(sz, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);

	if (!ptr)
		ptr = vzalloc(sz);
	return ptr;
}

static void fq_codel_free(void *addr)
{
	kvfree(addr);
}

static void fq_codel_destroy(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);

	tcf_destroy_chain(&q->filter_list);
	fq_codel_free(q->backlogs);
	fq_codel_free(q->flows);
}

static int fq_codel_init(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	int i;

	sch->limit = 10*1024;
	q->flows_cnt = 1024;
	q->quantum = psched_mtu(qdisc_dev(sch));
	q->perturbation = prandom_u32();
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&q->new_flows);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&q->old_flows);
	codel_params_init(&q->cparams, sch);
	codel_stats_init(&q->cstats);
	q->cparams.ecn = true;

	if (opt) {
		int err = fq_codel_change(sch, opt);
		if (err)
			return err;
	}

	if (!q->flows) {
		q->flows = fq_codel_zalloc(q->flows_cnt *
					   sizeof(struct fq_codel_flow));
		if (!q->flows)
			return -ENOMEM;
		q->backlogs = fq_codel_zalloc(q->flows_cnt * sizeof(u32));
		if (!q->backlogs) {
			fq_codel_free(q->flows);
			return -ENOMEM;
		}
		for (i = 0; i < q->flows_cnt; i++) {
			struct fq_codel_flow *flow = q->flows + i;

			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&flow->flowchain);
			codel_vars_init(&flow->cvars);
		}
	}
	if (sch->limit >= 1)
		sch->flags |= TCQ_F_CAN_BYPASS;
	else
		sch->flags &= ~TCQ_F_CAN_BYPASS;
	return 0;
}

static int fq_codel_dump(struct Qdisc *sch, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct nlattr *opts;

	opts = nla_nest_start(skb, TCA_OPTIONS);
	if (opts == NULL)
		goto nla_put_failure;

	if (nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET,
			codel_time_to_us(q->cparams.target)) ||
	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT,
			sch->limit) ||
	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL,
			codel_time_to_us(q->cparams.interval)) ||
	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN,
			q->cparams.ecn) ||
	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM,
			q->quantum) ||
	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS,
			q->flows_cnt))
		goto nla_put_failure;

	if (q->cparams.ce_threshold != CODEL_DISABLED_THRESHOLD &&
	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_CE_THRESHOLD,
			codel_time_to_us(q->cparams.ce_threshold)))
		goto nla_put_failure;

	return nla_nest_end(skb, opts);

nla_put_failure:
	return -1;
}

static int fq_codel_dump_stats(struct Qdisc *sch, struct gnet_dump *d)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	struct tc_fq_codel_xstats st = {
		.type				= TCA_FQ_CODEL_XSTATS_QDISC,
	};
	struct list_head *pos;

	st.qdisc_stats.maxpacket = q->cstats.maxpacket;
	st.qdisc_stats.drop_overlimit = q->drop_overlimit;
	st.qdisc_stats.ecn_mark = q->cstats.ecn_mark;
	st.qdisc_stats.new_flow_count = q->new_flow_count;
	st.qdisc_stats.ce_mark = q->cstats.ce_mark;

	list_for_each(pos, &q->new_flows)
		st.qdisc_stats.new_flows_len++;

	list_for_each(pos, &q->old_flows)
		st.qdisc_stats.old_flows_len++;

	return gnet_stats_copy_app(d, &st, sizeof(st));
}

static struct Qdisc *fq_codel_leaf(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long arg)
{
	return NULL;
}

static unsigned long fq_codel_get(struct Qdisc *sch, u32 classid)
{
	return 0;
}

static unsigned long fq_codel_bind(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long parent,
			      u32 classid)
{
	/* we cannot bypass queue discipline anymore */
	sch->flags &= ~TCQ_F_CAN_BYPASS;
	return 0;
}

static void fq_codel_put(struct Qdisc *q, unsigned long cl)
{
}

static struct tcf_proto __rcu **fq_codel_find_tcf(struct Qdisc *sch,
						  unsigned long cl)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);

	if (cl)
		return NULL;
	return &q->filter_list;
}

static int fq_codel_dump_class(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long cl,
			  struct sk_buff *skb, struct tcmsg *tcm)
{
	tcm->tcm_handle |= TC_H_MIN(cl);
	return 0;
}

static int fq_codel_dump_class_stats(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long cl,
				     struct gnet_dump *d)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	u32 idx = cl - 1;
	struct gnet_stats_queue qs = { 0 };
	struct tc_fq_codel_xstats xstats;

	if (idx < q->flows_cnt) {
		const struct fq_codel_flow *flow = &q->flows[idx];
		const struct sk_buff *skb = flow->head;

		memset(&xstats, 0, sizeof(xstats));
		xstats.type = TCA_FQ_CODEL_XSTATS_CLASS;
		xstats.class_stats.deficit = flow->deficit;
		xstats.class_stats.ldelay =
			codel_time_to_us(flow->cvars.ldelay);
		xstats.class_stats.count = flow->cvars.count;
		xstats.class_stats.lastcount = flow->cvars.lastcount;
		xstats.class_stats.dropping = flow->cvars.dropping;
		if (flow->cvars.dropping) {
			codel_tdiff_t delta = flow->cvars.drop_next -
					      codel_get_time();

			xstats.class_stats.drop_next = (delta >= 0) ?
				codel_time_to_us(delta) :
				-codel_time_to_us(-delta);
		}
		while (skb) {
			qs.qlen++;
			skb = skb->next;
		}
		qs.backlog = q->backlogs[idx];
		qs.drops = flow->dropped;
	}
	if (gnet_stats_copy_queue(d, NULL, &qs, 0) < 0)
		return -1;
	if (idx < q->flows_cnt)
		return gnet_stats_copy_app(d, &xstats, sizeof(xstats));
	return 0;
}

static void fq_codel_walk(struct Qdisc *sch, struct qdisc_walker *arg)
{
	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
	unsigned int i;

	if (arg->stop)
		return;

	for (i = 0; i < q->flows_cnt; i++) {
		if (list_empty(&q->flows[i].flowchain) ||
		    arg->count < arg->skip) {
			arg->count++;
			continue;
		}
		if (arg->fn(sch, i + 1, arg) < 0) {
			arg->stop = 1;
			break;
		}
		arg->count++;
	}
}

static const struct Qdisc_class_ops fq_codel_class_ops = {
	.leaf		=	fq_codel_leaf,
	.get		=	fq_codel_get,
	.put		=	fq_codel_put,
	.tcf_chain	=	fq_codel_find_tcf,
	.bind_tcf	=	fq_codel_bind,
	.unbind_tcf	=	fq_codel_put,
	.dump		=	fq_codel_dump_class,
	.dump_stats	=	fq_codel_dump_class_stats,
	.walk		=	fq_codel_walk,
};

static struct Qdisc_ops fq_codel_qdisc_ops __read_mostly = {
	.cl_ops		=	&fq_codel_class_ops,
	.id		=	"fq_codel",
	.priv_size	=	sizeof(struct fq_codel_sched_data),
	.enqueue	=	fq_codel_enqueue,
	.dequeue	=	fq_codel_dequeue,
	.peek		=	qdisc_peek_dequeued,
	.drop		=	fq_codel_qdisc_drop,
	.init		=	fq_codel_init,
	.reset		=	fq_codel_reset,
	.destroy	=	fq_codel_destroy,
	.change		=	fq_codel_change,
	.dump		=	fq_codel_dump,
	.dump_stats =	fq_codel_dump_stats,
	.owner		=	THIS_MODULE,
};

static int __init fq_codel_module_init(void)
{
	return register_qdisc(&fq_codel_qdisc_ops);
}

static void __exit fq_codel_module_exit(void)
{
	unregister_qdisc(&fq_codel_qdisc_ops);
}

module_init(fq_codel_module_init)
module_exit(fq_codel_module_exit)
MODULE_AUTHOR("Eric Dumazet");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");