mlx5.rst

.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR Linux-OpenIB

=================================================
Mellanox ConnectX(R) mlx5 core VPI Network Driver
=================================================

Copyright (c) 2019, Mellanox Technologies LTD.

Contents
========

- `Enabling the driver and kconfig options`_
- `Devlink info`_
- `Devlink parameters`_
- `mlx5 subfunction`_
- `mlx5 function attributes`_
- `Devlink health reporters`_
- `mlx5 tracepoints`_

Enabling the driver and kconfig options
=======================================

| mlx5 core is modular and most of the major mlx5 core driver features can be selected (compiled in/out)
| at build time via kernel Kconfig flags.
| Basic features, ethernet net device rx/tx offloads and XDP, are available with the most basic flags
| CONFIG_MLX5_CORE=y/m and CONFIG_MLX5_CORE_EN=y.
| For the list of advanced features please see below.

**CONFIG_MLX5_CORE=(y/m/n)** (module mlx5_core.ko)

|    The driver can be enabled by choosing CONFIG_MLX5_CORE=y/m in kernel config.
|    This will provide mlx5 core driver for mlx5 ulps to interface with (mlx5e, mlx5_ib).


**CONFIG_MLX5_CORE_EN=(y/n)**

|    Choosing this option will allow basic ethernet netdevice support with all of the standard rx/tx offloads.
|    mlx5e is the mlx5 ulp driver which provides netdevice kernel interface, when chosen, mlx5e will be
|    built-in into mlx5_core.ko.


**CONFIG_MLX5_EN_ARFS=(y/n)**

|     Enables Hardware-accelerated receive flow steering (arfs) support, and ntuple filtering.
|     https://community.mellanox.com/s/article/howto-configure-arfs-on-connectx-4


**CONFIG_MLX5_EN_RXNFC=(y/n)**

|    Enables ethtool receive network flow classification, which allows user defined
|    flow rules to direct traffic into arbitrary rx queue via ethtool set/get_rxnfc API.


**CONFIG_MLX5_CORE_EN_DCB=(y/n)**:

|    Enables `Data Center Bridging (DCB) Support <https://community.mellanox.com/s/article/howto-auto-config-pfc-and-ets-on-connectx-4-via-lldp-dcbx>`_.


**CONFIG_MLX5_MPFS=(y/n)**

|    Ethernet Multi-Physical Function Switch (MPFS) support in ConnectX NIC.
|    MPFs is required for when `Multi-Host <http://www.mellanox.com/page/multihost>`_ configuration is enabled to allow passing
|    user configured unicast MAC addresses to the requesting PF.


**CONFIG_MLX5_ESWITCH=(y/n)**

|    Ethernet SRIOV E-Switch support in ConnectX NIC. E-Switch provides internal SRIOV packet steering
|    and switching for the enabled VFs and PF in two available modes:
|           1) `Legacy SRIOV mode (L2 mac vlan steering based) <https://community.mellanox.com/s/article/howto-configure-sr-iov-for-connectx-4-connectx-5-with-kvm--ethernet-x>`_.
|           2) `Switchdev mode (eswitch offloads) <https://www.mellanox.com/related-docs/prod_software/ASAP2_Hardware_Offloading_for_vSwitches_User_Manual_v4.4.pdf>`_.


**CONFIG_MLX5_CORE_IPOIB=(y/n)**

|    IPoIB offloads & acceleration support.
|    Requires CONFIG_MLX5_CORE_EN to provide an accelerated interface for the rdma
|    IPoIB ulp netdevice.


**CONFIG_MLX5_FPGA=(y/n)**

|    Build support for the Innova family of network cards by Mellanox Technologies.
|    Innova network cards are comprised of a ConnectX chip and an FPGA chip on one board.
|    If you select this option, the mlx5_core driver will include the Innova FPGA core and allow
|    building sandbox-specific client drivers.


**CONFIG_MLX5_EN_IPSEC=(y/n)**

|    Enables `IPSec XFRM cryptography-offload accelaration <http://www.mellanox.com/related-docs/prod_software/Mellanox_Innova_IPsec_Ethernet_Adapter_Card_User_Manual.pdf>`_.

**CONFIG_MLX5_EN_TLS=(y/n)**

|   TLS cryptography-offload accelaration.


**CONFIG_MLX5_INFINIBAND=(y/n/m)** (module mlx5_ib.ko)

|   Provides low-level InfiniBand/RDMA and `RoCE <https://community.mellanox.com/s/article/recommended-network-configuration-examples-for-roce-deployment>`_ support.

**CONFIG_MLX5_SF=(y/n)**

|   Build support for subfunction.
|   Subfunctons are more light weight than PCI SRIOV VFs. Choosing this option
|   will enable support for creating subfunction devices.

**External options** ( Choose if the corresponding mlx5 feature is required )

- CONFIG_PTP_1588_CLOCK: When chosen, mlx5 ptp support will be enabled
- CONFIG_VXLAN: When chosen, mlx5 vxlan support will be enabled.
- CONFIG_MLXFW: When chosen, mlx5 firmware flashing support will be enabled (via devlink and ethtool).

Devlink info
============

The devlink info reports the running and stored firmware versions on device.
It also prints the device PSID which represents the HCA board type ID.

User command example::

   $ devlink dev info pci/0000:00:06.0
      pci/0000:00:06.0:
      driver mlx5_core
      versions:
         fixed:
            fw.psid MT_0000000009
         running:
            fw.version 16.26.0100
         stored:
            fw.version 16.26.0100

Devlink parameters
==================

flow_steering_mode: Device flow steering mode
---------------------------------------------
The flow steering mode parameter controls the flow steering mode of the driver.
Two modes are supported:
1. 'dmfs' - Device managed flow steering.
2. 'smfs  - Software/Driver managed flow steering.

In DMFS mode, the HW steering entities are created and managed through the
Firmware.
In SMFS mode, the HW steering entities are created and managed though by
the driver directly into Hardware without firmware intervention.

SMFS mode is faster and provides better rule inserstion rate compared to default DMFS mode.

User command examples:

- Set SMFS flow steering mode::

    $ devlink dev param set pci/0000:06:00.0 name flow_steering_mode value "smfs" cmode runtime

- Read device flow steering mode::

    $ devlink dev param show pci/0000:06:00.0 name flow_steering_mode
      pci/0000:06:00.0:
      name flow_steering_mode type driver-specific
      values:
         cmode runtime value smfs

enable_roce: RoCE enablement state
----------------------------------
RoCE enablement state controls driver support for RoCE traffic.
When RoCE is disabled, there is no gid table, only raw ethernet QPs are supported and traffic on the well known UDP RoCE port is handled as raw ethernet traffic.

To change RoCE enablement state a user must change the driverinit cmode value and run devlink reload.

User command examples:

- Disable RoCE::

    $ devlink dev param set pci/0000:06:00.0 name enable_roce value false cmode driverinit
    $ devlink dev reload pci/0000:06:00.0

- Read RoCE enablement state::

    $ devlink dev param show pci/0000:06:00.0 name enable_roce
      pci/0000:06:00.0:
      name enable_roce type generic
      values:
         cmode driverinit value true

esw_port_metadata: Eswitch port metadata state
----------------------------------------------
When applicable, disabling Eswitch metadata can increase packet rate
up to 20% depending on the use case and packet sizes.

Eswitch port metadata state controls whether to internally tag packets with
metadata. Metadata tagging must be enabled for multi-port RoCE, failover
between representors and stacked devices.
By default metadata is enabled on the supported devices in E-switch.
Metadata is applicable only for E-switch in switchdev mode and
users may disable it when NONE of the below use cases will be in use:
1. HCA is in Dual/multi-port RoCE mode.
2. VF/SF representor bonding (Usually used for Live migration)
3. Stacked devices

When metadata is disabled, the above use cases will fail to initialize if
users try to enable them.

- Show eswitch port metadata::

    $ devlink dev param show pci/0000:06:00.0 name esw_port_metadata
      pci/0000:06:00.0:
        name esw_port_metadata type driver-specific
          values:
            cmode runtime value true

- Disable eswitch port metadata::

    $ devlink dev param set pci/0000:06:00.0 name esw_port_metadata value false cmode runtime

- Change eswitch mode to switchdev mode where after choosing the metadata value::

    $ devlink dev eswitch set pci/0000:06:00.0 mode switchdev

mlx5 subfunction
================
mlx5 supports subfunction management using devlink port (see :ref:`Documentation/networking/devlink/devlink-port.rst <devlink_port>`) interface.

A Subfunction has its own function capabilities and its own resources. This
means a subfunction has its own dedicated queues (txq, rxq, cq, eq). These
queues are neither shared nor stolen from the parent PCI function.

When a subfunction is RDMA capable, it has its own QP1, GID table and rdma
resources neither shared nor stolen from the parent PCI function.

A subfunction has a dedicated window in PCI BAR space that is not shared
with ther other subfunctions or the parent PCI function. This ensures that all
devices (netdev, rdma, vdpa etc.) of the subfunction accesses only assigned
PCI BAR space.

A Subfunction supports eswitch representation through which it supports tc
offloads. The user configures eswitch to send/receive packets from/to
the subfunction port.

Subfunctions share PCI level resources such as PCI MSI-X IRQs with
other subfunctions and/or with its parent PCI function.

Example mlx5 software, system and device view::

       _______
      | admin |
      | user  |----------
      |_______|         |
          |             |
      ____|____       __|______            _________________
     |         |     |         |          |                 |
     | devlink |     | tc tool |          |    user         |
     | tool    |     |_________|          | applications    |
     |_________|         |                |_________________|
           |             |                   |          |
           |             |                   |          |         Userspace
 +---------|-------------|-------------------|----------|--------------------+
           |             |           +----------+   +----------+   Kernel
           |             |           |  netdev  |   | rdma dev |
           |             |           +----------+   +----------+
   (devlink port add/del |              ^               ^
    port function set)   |              |               |
           |             |              +---------------|
      _____|___          |              |        _______|_______
     |         |         |              |       | mlx5 class    |
     | devlink |   +------------+       |       |   drivers     |
     | kernel  |   | rep netdev |       |       |(mlx5_core,ib) |
     |_________|   +------------+       |       |_______________|
           |             |              |               ^
   (devlink ops)         |              |          (probe/remove)
  _________|________     |              |           ____|________
 | subfunction      |    |     +---------------+   | subfunction |
 | management driver|-----     | subfunction   |---|  driver     |
 | (mlx5_core)      |          | auxiliary dev |   | (mlx5_core) |
 |__________________|          +---------------+   |_____________|
           |                                            ^
  (sf add/del, vhca events)                             |
           |                                      (device add/del)
      _____|____                                    ____|________
     |          |                                  | subfunction |
     |  PCI NIC |---- activate/deactive events---->| host driver |
     |__________|                                  | (mlx5_core) |
                                                   |_____________|

Subfunction is created using devlink port interface.

- Change device to switchdev mode::

    $ devlink dev eswitch set pci/0000:06:00.0 mode switchdev

- Add a devlink port of subfunction flaovur::

    $ devlink port add pci/0000:06:00.0 flavour pcisf pfnum 0 sfnum 88
    pci/0000:06:00.0/32768: type eth netdev eth6 flavour pcisf controller 0 pfnum 0 sfnum 88 external false splittable false
      function:
        hw_addr 00:00:00:00:00:00 state inactive opstate detached

- Show a devlink port of the subfunction::

    $ devlink port show pci/0000:06:00.0/32768
    pci/0000:06:00.0/32768: type eth netdev enp6s0pf0sf88 flavour pcisf pfnum 0 sfnum 88
      function:
        hw_addr 00:00:00:00:00:00 state inactive opstate detached

- Delete a devlink port of subfunction after use::

    $ devlink port del pci/0000:06:00.0/32768

mlx5 function attributes
========================
The mlx5 driver provides a mechanism to setup PCI VF/SF function attributes in
a unified way for SmartNIC and non-SmartNIC.

This is supported only when the eswitch mode is set to switchdev. Port function
configuration of the PCI VF/SF is supported through devlink eswitch port.

Port function attributes should be set before PCI VF/SF is enumerated by the
driver.

MAC address setup
-----------------
mlx5 driver provides mechanism to setup the MAC address of the PCI VF/SF.

The configured MAC address of the PCI VF/SF will be used by netdevice and rdma
device created for the PCI VF/SF.

- Get the MAC address of the VF identified by its unique devlink port index::

    $ devlink port show pci/0000:06:00.0/2
    pci/0000:06:00.0/2: type eth netdev enp6s0pf0vf1 flavour pcivf pfnum 0 vfnum 1
      function:
        hw_addr 00:00:00:00:00:00

- Set the MAC address of the VF identified by its unique devlink port index::

    $ devlink port function set pci/0000:06:00.0/2 hw_addr 00:11:22:33:44:55

    $ devlink port show pci/0000:06:00.0/2
    pci/0000:06:00.0/2: type eth netdev enp6s0pf0vf1 flavour pcivf pfnum 0 vfnum 1
      function:
        hw_addr 00:11:22:33:44:55

- Get the MAC address of the SF identified by its unique devlink port index::

    $ devlink port show pci/0000:06:00.0/32768
    pci/0000:06:00.0/32768: type eth netdev enp6s0pf0sf88 flavour pcisf pfnum 0 sfnum 88
      function:
        hw_addr 00:00:00:00:00:00

- Set the MAC address of the VF identified by its unique devlink port index::

    $ devlink port function set pci/0000:06:00.0/32768 hw_addr 00:00:00:00:88:88

    $ devlink port show pci/0000:06:00.0/32768
    pci/0000:06:00.0/32768: type eth netdev enp6s0pf0sf88 flavour pcivf pfnum 0 sfnum 88
      function:
        hw_addr 00:00:00:00:88:88

SF state setup
--------------
To use the SF, the user must active the SF using the SF function state
attribute.

- Get the state of the SF identified by its unique devlink port index::

   $ devlink port show ens2f0npf0sf88
   pci/0000:06:00.0/32768: type eth netdev ens2f0npf0sf88 flavour pcisf controller 0 pfnum 0 sfnum 88 external false splittable false
     function:
       hw_addr 00:00:00:00:88:88 state inactive opstate detached

- Activate the function and verify its state is active::

   $ devlink port function set ens2f0npf0sf88 state active

   $ devlink port show ens2f0npf0sf88
   pci/0000:06:00.0/32768: type eth netdev ens2f0npf0sf88 flavour pcisf controller 0 pfnum 0 sfnum 88 external false splittable false
     function:
       hw_addr 00:00:00:00:88:88 state active opstate detached

Upon function activation, the PF driver instance gets the event from the device
that a particular SF was activated. It's the cue to put the device on bus, probe
it and instantiate the devlink instance and class specific auxiliary devices
for it.

- Show the auxiliary device and port of the subfunction::

    $ devlink dev show
    devlink dev show auxiliary/mlx5_core.sf.4

    $ devlink port show auxiliary/mlx5_core.sf.4/1
    auxiliary/mlx5_core.sf.4/1: type eth netdev p0sf88 flavour virtual port 0 splittable false

    $ rdma link show mlx5_0/1
    link mlx5_0/1 state ACTIVE physical_state LINK_UP netdev p0sf88

    $ rdma dev show
    8: rocep6s0f1: node_type ca fw 16.29.0550 node_guid 248a:0703:00b3:d113 sys_image_guid 248a:0703:00b3:d112
    13: mlx5_0: node_type ca fw 16.29.0550 node_guid 0000:00ff:fe00:8888 sys_image_guid 248a:0703:00b3:d112

- Subfunction auxiliary device and class device hierarchy::

                 mlx5_core.sf.4
          (subfunction auxiliary device)
                       /\
                      /  \
                     /    \
                    /      \
                   /        \
      mlx5_core.eth.4     mlx5_core.rdma.4
     (sf eth aux dev)     (sf rdma aux dev)
         |                      |
         |                      |
      p0sf88                  mlx5_0
     (sf netdev)          (sf rdma device)

Additionally, the SF port also gets the event when the driver attaches to the
auxiliary device of the subfunction. This results in changing the operational
state of the function. This provides visiblity to the user to decide when is it
safe to delete the SF port for graceful termination of the subfunction.

- Show the SF port operational state::

    $ devlink port show ens2f0npf0sf88
    pci/0000:06:00.0/32768: type eth netdev ens2f0npf0sf88 flavour pcisf controller 0 pfnum 0 sfnum 88 external false splittable false
      function:
        hw_addr 00:00:00:00:88:88 state active opstate attached

Devlink health reporters
========================

tx reporter
-----------
The tx reporter is responsible for reporting and recovering of the following two error scenarios:

- TX timeout
    Report on kernel tx timeout detection.
    Recover by searching lost interrupts.
- TX error completion
    Report on error tx completion.
    Recover by flushing the TX queue and reset it.

TX reporter also support on demand diagnose callback, on which it provides
real time information of its send queues status.

User commands examples:

- Diagnose send queues status::

    $ devlink health diagnose pci/0000:82:00.0 reporter tx

NOTE: This command has valid output only when interface is up, otherwise the command has empty output.

- Show number of tx errors indicated, number of recover flows ended successfully,
  is autorecover enabled and graceful period from last recover::

    $ devlink health show pci/0000:82:00.0 reporter tx

rx reporter
-----------
The rx reporter is responsible for reporting and recovering of the following two error scenarios:

- RX queues initialization (population) timeout
    RX queues descriptors population on ring initialization is done in
    napi context via triggering an irq, in case of a failure to get
    the minimum amount of descriptors, a timeout would occur and it
    could be recoverable by polling the EQ (Event Queue).
- RX completions with errors (reported by HW on interrupt context)
    Report on rx completion error.
    Recover (if needed) by flushing the related queue and reset it.

RX reporter also supports on demand diagnose callback, on which it
provides real time information of its receive queues status.

- Diagnose rx queues status, and corresponding completion queue::

    $ devlink health diagnose pci/0000:82:00.0 reporter rx

NOTE: This command has valid output only when interface is up, otherwise the command has empty output.

- Show number of rx errors indicated, number of recover flows ended successfully,
  is autorecover enabled and graceful period from last recover::

    $ devlink health show pci/0000:82:00.0 reporter rx

fw reporter
-----------
The fw reporter implements diagnose and dump callbacks.
It follows symptoms of fw error such as fw syndrome by triggering
fw core dump and storing it into the dump buffer.
The fw reporter diagnose command can be triggered any time by the user to check
current fw status.

User commands examples:

- Check fw heath status::

    $ devlink health diagnose pci/0000:82:00.0 reporter fw

- Read FW core dump if already stored or trigger new one::

    $ devlink health dump show pci/0000:82:00.0 reporter fw

NOTE: This command can run only on the PF which has fw tracer ownership,
running it on other PF or any VF will return "Operation not permitted".

fw fatal reporter
-----------------
The fw fatal reporter implements dump and recover callbacks.
It follows fatal errors indications by CR-space dump and recover flow.
The CR-space dump uses vsc interface which is valid even if the FW command
interface is not functional, which is the case in most FW fatal errors.
The recover function runs recover flow which reloads the driver and triggers fw
reset if needed.

User commands examples:

- Run fw recover flow manually::

    $ devlink health recover pci/0000:82:00.0 reporter fw_fatal

- Read FW CR-space dump if already strored or trigger new one::

    $ devlink health dump show pci/0000:82:00.1 reporter fw_fatal

NOTE: This command can run only on PF.

mlx5 tracepoints
================

mlx5 driver provides internal trace points for tracking and debugging using
kernel tracepoints interfaces (refer to Documentation/trace/ftrace.rst).

For the list of support mlx5 events check /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/mlx5/

tc and eswitch offloads tracepoints:

- mlx5e_configure_flower: trace flower filter actions and cookies offloaded to mlx5::

    $ echo mlx5:mlx5e_configure_flower >> /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/set_event
    $ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace
    ...
    tc-6535  [019] ...1  2672.404466: mlx5e_configure_flower: cookie=0000000067874a55 actions= REDIRECT

- mlx5e_delete_flower: trace flower filter actions and cookies deleted from mlx5::

    $ echo mlx5:mlx5e_delete_flower >> /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/set_event
    $ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace
    ...
    tc-6569  [010] .N.1  2686.379075: mlx5e_delete_flower: cookie=0000000067874a55 actions= NULL

- mlx5e_stats_flower: trace flower stats request::

    $ echo mlx5:mlx5e_stats_flower >> /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/set_event
    $ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace
    ...
    tc-6546  [010] ...1  2679.704889: mlx5e_stats_flower: cookie=0000000060eb3d6a bytes=0 packets=0 lastused=4295560217

- mlx5e_tc_update_neigh_used_value: trace tunnel rule neigh update value offloaded to mlx5::

    $ echo mlx5:mlx5e_tc_update_neigh_used_value >> /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/set_event
    $ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace
    ...
    kworker/u48:4-8806  [009] ...1 55117.882428: mlx5e_tc_update_neigh_used_value: netdev: ens1f0 IPv4: 1.1.1.10 IPv6: ::ffff:1.1.1.10 neigh_used=1

- mlx5e_rep_neigh_update: trace neigh update tasks scheduled due to neigh state change events::

    $ echo mlx5:mlx5e_rep_neigh_update >> /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/set_event
    $ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace
    ...
    kworker/u48:7-2221  [009] ...1  1475.387435: mlx5e_rep_neigh_update: netdev: ens1f0 MAC: 24:8a:07:9a:17:9a IPv4: 1.1.1.10 IPv6: ::ffff:1.1.1.10 neigh_connected=1