grfmt_tiff.cpp

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/****************************************************************************************\
    A part of the file implements TIFF reader on base of libtiff library
    (see otherlibs/_graphics/readme.txt for copyright notice)
\****************************************************************************************/

#include "precomp.hpp"

#ifdef HAVE_TIFF
#include <opencv2/core/utils/logger.hpp>

#include "grfmt_tiff.hpp"
#include <limits>

// TODO FIXIT Conflict declarations for common types like int64/uint64
namespace tiff_dummy_namespace {
#include "tiff.h"
#include "tiffio.h"
}
using namespace tiff_dummy_namespace;

namespace cv
{

#define CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(call) \
    if (0 == (call)) { \
        CV_LOG_WARNING(NULL, "OpenCV TIFF(line " << __LINE__ << "): failed " #call); \
        CV_Error(Error::StsError, "OpenCV TIFF: failed " #call); \
    }

#define CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL_INFO(call) \
    if (0 == (call)) { \
        CV_LOG_INFO(NULL, "OpenCV TIFF(line " << __LINE__ << "): failed optional call: " #call ", ignoring"); \
    }

#define CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL_DEBUG(call) \
    if (0 == (call)) { \
        CV_LOG_DEBUG(NULL, "OpenCV TIFF(line " << __LINE__ << "): failed optional call: " #call ", ignoring"); \
    }

static void cv_tiffCloseHandle(void* handle)
{
    TIFFClose((TIFF*)handle);
}

static void cv_tiffErrorHandler(const char* module, const char* fmt, va_list ap)
{
    if (cv::utils::logging::getLogLevel() < cv::utils::logging::LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG)
        return;
    // TODO cv::vformat() with va_list parameter
    fprintf(stderr, "OpenCV TIFF: ");
    if (module != NULL)
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", module);
    fprintf(stderr, "Warning, ");
    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
    fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
}

static bool cv_tiffSetErrorHandler_()
{
    TIFFSetErrorHandler(cv_tiffErrorHandler);
    TIFFSetWarningHandler(cv_tiffErrorHandler);
    return true;
}

static bool cv_tiffSetErrorHandler()
{
    static bool v = cv_tiffSetErrorHandler_();
    return v;
}

static const char fmtSignTiffII[] = "II\x2a\x00";
static const char fmtSignTiffMM[] = "MM\x00\x2a";
static const char fmtSignBigTiffII[] = "II\x2b\x00";
static const char fmtSignBigTiffMM[] = "MM\x00\x2b";

TiffDecoder::TiffDecoder()
{
    m_hdr = false;
    m_buf_supported = true;
    m_buf_pos = 0;
}


void TiffDecoder::close()
{
    m_tif.release();
}

TiffDecoder::~TiffDecoder()
{
    close();
}

size_t TiffDecoder::signatureLength() const
{
    return 4;
}

bool TiffDecoder::checkSignature( const String& signature ) const
{
    return signature.size() >= 4 &&
        (memcmp(signature.c_str(), fmtSignTiffII, 4) == 0 ||
        memcmp(signature.c_str(), fmtSignTiffMM, 4) == 0 ||
        memcmp(signature.c_str(), fmtSignBigTiffII, 4) == 0 ||
        memcmp(signature.c_str(), fmtSignBigTiffMM, 4) == 0);
}

int TiffDecoder::normalizeChannelsNumber(int channels) const
{
    CV_Assert(channels <= 4);
    return channels > 4 ? 4 : channels;
}

ImageDecoder TiffDecoder::newDecoder() const
{
    cv_tiffSetErrorHandler();
    return makePtr<TiffDecoder>();
}

class TiffDecoderBufHelper
{
    Mat& m_buf;
    size_t& m_buf_pos;
public:
    TiffDecoderBufHelper(Mat& buf, size_t& buf_pos) :
        m_buf(buf), m_buf_pos(buf_pos)
    {}
    static tmsize_t read( thandle_t handle, void* buffer, tmsize_t n )
    {
        TiffDecoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffDecoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        const Mat& buf = helper->m_buf;
        const tmsize_t size = buf.cols*buf.rows*buf.elemSize();
        tmsize_t pos = helper->m_buf_pos;
        if ( n > (size - pos) )
        {
            n = size - pos;
        }
        memcpy(buffer, buf.ptr() + pos, n);
        helper->m_buf_pos += n;
        return n;
    }

    static tmsize_t write( thandle_t /*handle*/, void* /*buffer*/, tmsize_t /*n*/ )
    {
        // Not used for decoding.
        return 0;
    }

    static toff_t seek( thandle_t handle, toff_t offset, int whence )
    {
        TiffDecoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffDecoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        const Mat& buf = helper->m_buf;
        const toff_t size = buf.cols*buf.rows*buf.elemSize();
        toff_t new_pos = helper->m_buf_pos;
        switch (whence)
        {
            case SEEK_SET:
                new_pos = offset;
                break;
            case SEEK_CUR:
                new_pos += offset;
                break;
            case SEEK_END:
                new_pos = size + offset;
                break;
        }
        new_pos = std::min(new_pos, size);
        helper->m_buf_pos = (size_t)new_pos;
        return new_pos;
    }

    static int map( thandle_t handle, void** base, toff_t* size )
    {
        TiffDecoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffDecoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        Mat& buf = helper->m_buf;
        *base = buf.ptr();
        *size = buf.cols*buf.rows*buf.elemSize();
        return 0;
    }

    static toff_t size( thandle_t handle )
    {
        TiffDecoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffDecoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        const Mat& buf = helper->m_buf;
        return buf.cols*buf.rows*buf.elemSize();
    }

    static int close( thandle_t handle )
    {
        TiffDecoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffDecoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        delete helper;
        return 0;
    }
};

bool TiffDecoder::readHeader()
{
    bool result = false;

    TIFF* tif = static_cast<TIFF*>(m_tif.get());
    if (!tif)
    {
        // TIFFOpen() mode flags are different to fopen().  A 'b' in mode "rb" has no effect when reading.
        // http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/man/TIFFOpen.3tiff.html
        if ( !m_buf.empty() )
        {
            m_buf_pos = 0;
            TiffDecoderBufHelper* buf_helper = new TiffDecoderBufHelper(this->m_buf, this->m_buf_pos);
            tif = TIFFClientOpen( "", "r", reinterpret_cast<thandle_t>(buf_helper), &TiffDecoderBufHelper::read,
                                  &TiffDecoderBufHelper::write, &TiffDecoderBufHelper::seek,
                                  &TiffDecoderBufHelper::close, &TiffDecoderBufHelper::size,
                                  &TiffDecoderBufHelper::map, /*unmap=*/0 );
            if (!tif)
                delete buf_helper;
        }
        else
        {
            tif = TIFFOpen(m_filename.c_str(), "r");
        }
        if (tif)
            m_tif.reset(tif, cv_tiffCloseHandle);
        else
            m_tif.release();
    }

    if (tif)
    {
        uint32 wdth = 0, hght = 0;
        uint16 photometric = 0;

        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, &wdth));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, &hght));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, &photometric));

        {
            bool isGrayScale = photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_MINISWHITE || photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_MINISBLACK;
            uint16 bpp = 8, ncn = isGrayScale ? 1 : 3;
            if (0 == TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, &bpp))
            {
                // TIFF bi-level images don't require TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE tag
                bpp = 1;
            }
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL_DEBUG(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, &ncn));

            m_width = wdth;
            m_height = hght;
            if (ncn == 3 && photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_LOGLUV)
            {
                m_type = CV_32FC3;
                m_hdr = true;
                return true;
            }
            m_hdr = false;

            if( bpp > 8 &&
               ((photometric > 2) ||
                (ncn != 1 && ncn != 3 && ncn != 4)))
                bpp = 8;

            uint16 sample_format = SAMPLEFORMAT_UINT;
            TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLEFORMAT, &sample_format);
            int wanted_channels = normalizeChannelsNumber(ncn);
            switch (bpp)
            {
            case 1:
            {
                CV_Check((int)sample_format, sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_UINT || sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_INT, "");
                int depth = sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_INT ? CV_8S : CV_8U;
                m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(depth, !isGrayScale ? wanted_channels : 1);
                result = true;
                break;
            }
            case 8:
            {
                //Palette color, the value of the component is used as an index into the red,
                //green and blue curves in the ColorMap field to retrieve an RGB triplet that defines the color.
                CV_Check((int)sample_format, sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_UINT || sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_INT, "");
                int depth = sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_INT ? CV_8S : CV_8U;
                if (photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_PALETTE)
                    m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(depth, 3);
                else
                    m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(depth, !isGrayScale ? wanted_channels : 1);
                result = true;
                break;
            }
            case 16:
            {
                CV_Check((int)sample_format, sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_UINT || sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_INT, "");
                int depth = sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_INT ? CV_16S : CV_16U;
                m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(depth, !isGrayScale ? wanted_channels : 1);
                result = true;
                break;
            }
            case 32:
            {
                CV_Check((int)sample_format, sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_IEEEFP || sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_INT, "");
                int depth = sample_format == SAMPLEFORMAT_IEEEFP ? CV_32F : CV_32S;
                m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(depth, wanted_channels);
                result = true;
                break;
            }
            case 64:
                CV_CheckEQ((int)sample_format, SAMPLEFORMAT_IEEEFP, "");
                m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(CV_64F, wanted_channels);
                result = true;
                break;
            default:
                CV_Error(cv::Error::StsError, "Invalid bitsperpixel value read from TIFF header! Must be 1, 8, 16, 32 or 64.");
            }
        }
    }

    if( !result )
        close();

    return result;
}

bool TiffDecoder::nextPage()
{
    // Prepare the next page, if any.
    return !m_tif.empty() &&
           TIFFReadDirectory(static_cast<TIFF*>(m_tif.get())) &&
           readHeader();
}

static void fixOrientationPartial(Mat &img, uint16 orientation)
{
    switch(orientation) {
        case ORIENTATION_RIGHTTOP:
        case ORIENTATION_LEFTBOT:
            flip(img, img, -1);
            /* fall through */

        case ORIENTATION_LEFTTOP:
        case ORIENTATION_RIGHTBOT:
            transpose(img, img);
            break;
    }
}

static void fixOrientationFull(Mat &img, int orientation)
{
    switch(orientation) {
        case ORIENTATION_TOPRIGHT:
            flip(img, img, 1);
            break;

        case ORIENTATION_BOTRIGHT:
            flip(img, img, -1);
            break;

        case ORIENTATION_BOTLEFT:
            flip(img, img, 0);
            break;

        case ORIENTATION_LEFTTOP:
            transpose(img, img);
            break;

        case ORIENTATION_RIGHTTOP:
            transpose(img, img);
            flip(img, img, 1);
            break;

        case ORIENTATION_RIGHTBOT:
            transpose(img, img);
            flip(img, img, -1);
            break;

        case ORIENTATION_LEFTBOT:
            transpose(img, img);
            flip(img, img, 0);
            break;
    }
}

/**
 * Fix orientation defined in tag 274.
 * For 8 bit some corrections are done by TIFFReadRGBAStrip/Tile already.
 * Not so for 16/32/64 bit.
 */
static void fixOrientation(Mat &img, uint16 orientation, int dst_bpp)
{
    switch(dst_bpp) {
        case 8:
            fixOrientationPartial(img, orientation);
            break;

        case 16:
        case 32:
        case 64:
            fixOrientationFull(img, orientation);
            break;
    }
}

bool  TiffDecoder::readData( Mat& img )
{
    int type = img.type();
    int depth = CV_MAT_DEPTH(type);

    CV_Assert(!m_tif.empty());
    TIFF* tif = (TIFF*)m_tif.get();

    uint16 photometric = (uint16)-1;
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, &photometric));

    if (m_hdr && depth >= CV_32F)
    {
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SGILOGDATAFMT, SGILOGDATAFMT_FLOAT));
    }

    bool color = img.channels() > 1;

    CV_CheckType(type, depth == CV_8U || depth == CV_8S || depth == CV_16U || depth == CV_16S || depth == CV_32S || depth == CV_32F || depth == CV_64F, "");

    if (m_width && m_height)
    {
        int is_tiled = TIFFIsTiled(tif) != 0;
        bool isGrayScale = photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_MINISWHITE || photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_MINISBLACK;
        uint16 bpp = 8, ncn = isGrayScale ? 1 : 3;
        if (0 == TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, &bpp))
        {
            // TIFF bi-level images don't require TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE tag
            bpp = 1;
        }
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL_DEBUG(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, &ncn));
        uint16 img_orientation = ORIENTATION_TOPLEFT;
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL_DEBUG(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_ORIENTATION, &img_orientation));
        const int bitsPerByte = 8;
        int dst_bpp = (int)(img.elemSize1() * bitsPerByte);
        bool vert_flip = dst_bpp == 8 &&
                        (img_orientation == ORIENTATION_BOTRIGHT || img_orientation == ORIENTATION_RIGHTBOT ||
                         img_orientation == ORIENTATION_BOTLEFT || img_orientation == ORIENTATION_LEFTBOT);
        int wanted_channels = normalizeChannelsNumber(img.channels());

        if (dst_bpp == 8)
        {
            char errmsg[1024];
            if (!TIFFRGBAImageOK(tif, errmsg))
            {
                CV_LOG_WARNING(NULL, "OpenCV TIFF: TIFFRGBAImageOK: " << errmsg);
                close();
                return false;
            }
        }

        uint32 tile_width0 = m_width, tile_height0 = 0;

        if (is_tiled)
        {
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_TILEWIDTH, &tile_width0));
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_TILELENGTH, &tile_height0));
        }
        else
        {
            // optional
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL_DEBUG(TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_ROWSPERSTRIP, &tile_height0));
        }

        {
            if (tile_width0 == 0)
                tile_width0 = m_width;

            if (tile_height0 == 0 ||
                    (!is_tiled && tile_height0 == std::numeric_limits<uint32>::max()) )
                tile_height0 = m_height;

            const int TILE_MAX_WIDTH = (1 << 24);
            const int TILE_MAX_HEIGHT = (1 << 24);
            CV_Assert((int)tile_width0 > 0 && (int)tile_width0 <= TILE_MAX_WIDTH);
            CV_Assert((int)tile_height0 > 0 && (int)tile_height0 <= TILE_MAX_HEIGHT);
            const uint64_t MAX_TILE_SIZE = (CV_BIG_UINT(1) << 30);
            CV_CheckLE((int)ncn, 4, "");
            CV_CheckLE((int)bpp, 64, "");
            CV_Assert(((uint64_t)tile_width0 * tile_height0 * ncn * std::max(1, (int)(bpp / bitsPerByte)) < MAX_TILE_SIZE) && "TIFF tile size is too large: >= 1Gb");

            if (dst_bpp == 8)
            {
                // we will use TIFFReadRGBA* functions, so allocate temporary buffer for 32bit RGBA
                bpp = 8;
                ncn = 4;
            }
            else if (dst_bpp == 32 || dst_bpp == 64)
            {
                CV_Assert(ncn == img.channels());
                CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLEFORMAT, SAMPLEFORMAT_IEEEFP));
            }
            const size_t buffer_size = (bpp / bitsPerByte) * ncn * tile_height0 * tile_width0;
            AutoBuffer<uchar> _buffer(buffer_size);
            uchar* buffer = _buffer.data();
            ushort* buffer16 = (ushort*)buffer;
            int tileidx = 0;

            for (int y = 0; y < m_height; y += (int)tile_height0)
            {
                int tile_height = std::min((int)tile_height0, m_height - y);

                const int img_y = vert_flip ? m_height - y - tile_height : y;

                for(int x = 0; x < m_width; x += (int)tile_width0, tileidx++)
                {
                    int tile_width = std::min((int)tile_width0, m_width - x);

                    switch (dst_bpp)
                    {
                        case 8:
                        {
                            uchar* bstart = buffer;
                            if (!is_tiled)
                            {
                                CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFReadRGBAStrip(tif, y, (uint32*)buffer));
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFReadRGBATile(tif, x, y, (uint32*)buffer));
                                // Tiles fill the buffer from the bottom up
                                bstart += (tile_height0 - tile_height) * tile_width0 * 4;
                            }

                            for (int i = 0; i < tile_height; i++)
                            {
                                if (color)
                                {
                                    if (wanted_channels == 4)
                                    {
                                        icvCvt_BGRA2RGBA_8u_C4R(bstart + i*tile_width0*4, 0,
                                                img.ptr(img_y + tile_height - i - 1, x), 0,
                                                Size(tile_width, 1) );
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        CV_CheckEQ(wanted_channels, 3, "TIFF-8bpp: BGR/BGRA images are supported only");
                                        icvCvt_BGRA2BGR_8u_C4C3R(bstart + i*tile_width0*4, 0,
                                                img.ptr(img_y + tile_height - i - 1, x), 0,
                                                Size(tile_width, 1), 2);
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    CV_CheckEQ(wanted_channels, 1, "");
                                    icvCvt_BGRA2Gray_8u_C4C1R( bstart + i*tile_width0*4, 0,
                                            img.ptr(img_y + tile_height - i - 1, x), 0,
                                            Size(tile_width, 1), 2);
                                }
                            }
                            break;
                        }

                        case 16:
                        {
                            if (!is_tiled)
                            {
                                CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL((int)TIFFReadEncodedStrip(tif, tileidx, (uint32*)buffer, buffer_size) >= 0);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL((int)TIFFReadEncodedTile(tif, tileidx, (uint32*)buffer, buffer_size) >= 0);
                            }

                            for (int i = 0; i < tile_height; i++)
                            {
                                if (color)
                                {
                                    if (ncn == 1)
                                    {
                                        CV_CheckEQ(wanted_channels, 3, "");
                                        icvCvt_Gray2BGR_16u_C1C3R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
                                                img.ptr<ushort>(img_y + i, x), 0,
                                                Size(tile_width, 1));
                                    }
                                    else if (ncn == 3)
                                    {
                                        CV_CheckEQ(wanted_channels, 3, "");
                                        icvCvt_RGB2BGR_16u_C3R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
                                                img.ptr<ushort>(img_y + i, x), 0,
                                                Size(tile_width, 1));
                                    }
                                    else if (ncn == 4)
                                    {
                                        if (wanted_channels == 4)
                                        {
                                            icvCvt_BGRA2RGBA_16u_C4R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
                                                img.ptr<ushort>(img_y + i, x), 0,
                                                Size(tile_width, 1));
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            CV_CheckEQ(wanted_channels, 3, "TIFF-16bpp: BGR/BGRA images are supported only");
                                            icvCvt_BGRA2BGR_16u_C4C3R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
                                                img.ptr<ushort>(img_y + i, x), 0,
                                                Size(tile_width, 1), 2);
                                        }
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        CV_Error(Error::StsError, "Not supported");
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    CV_CheckEQ(wanted_channels, 1, "");
                                    if( ncn == 1 )
                                    {
                                        memcpy(img.ptr<ushort>(img_y + i, x),
                                               buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn,
                                               tile_width*sizeof(ushort));
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        icvCvt_BGRA2Gray_16u_CnC1R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
                                                img.ptr<ushort>(img_y + i, x), 0,
                                                Size(tile_width, 1), ncn, 2);
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            break;
                        }

                        case 32:
                        case 64:
                        {
                            if( !is_tiled )
                            {
                                CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL((int)TIFFReadEncodedStrip(tif, tileidx, buffer, buffer_size) >= 0);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL((int)TIFFReadEncodedTile(tif, tileidx, buffer, buffer_size) >= 0);
                            }

                            Mat m_tile(Size(tile_width0, tile_height0), CV_MAKETYPE((dst_bpp == 32) ? (depth == CV_32S ? CV_32S : CV_32F) : CV_64F, ncn), buffer);
                            Rect roi_tile(0, 0, tile_width, tile_height);
                            Rect roi_img(x, img_y, tile_width, tile_height);
                            if (!m_hdr && ncn == 3)
                                cvtColor(m_tile(roi_tile), img(roi_img), COLOR_RGB2BGR);
                            else if (!m_hdr && ncn == 4)
                                cvtColor(m_tile(roi_tile), img(roi_img), COLOR_RGBA2BGRA);
                            else
                                m_tile(roi_tile).copyTo(img(roi_img));
                            break;
                        }
                        default:
                        {
                            CV_Assert(0 && "OpenCV TIFF: unsupported depth");
                        }
                    }  // switch (dst_bpp)
                }  // for x
            }  // for y
        }
        fixOrientation(img, img_orientation, dst_bpp);
    }

    if (m_hdr && depth >= CV_32F)
    {
        CV_Assert(photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_LOGLUV);
        cvtColor(img, img, COLOR_XYZ2BGR);
    }
    return true;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

TiffEncoder::TiffEncoder()
{
    m_description = "TIFF Files (*.tiff;*.tif)";
    m_buf_supported = true;
}

TiffEncoder::~TiffEncoder()
{
}

ImageEncoder TiffEncoder::newEncoder() const
{
    return makePtr<TiffEncoder>();
}

bool TiffEncoder::isFormatSupported( int depth ) const
{
    return depth == CV_8U || depth == CV_16U || depth == CV_32F || depth == CV_64F;
}

void  TiffEncoder::writeTag( WLByteStream& strm, TiffTag tag,
                             TiffFieldType fieldType,
                             int count, int value )
{
    strm.putWord( tag );
    strm.putWord( fieldType );
    strm.putDWord( count );
    strm.putDWord( value );
}

class TiffEncoderBufHelper
{
public:

    TiffEncoderBufHelper(std::vector<uchar> *buf)
            : m_buf(buf), m_buf_pos(0)
    {}

    TIFF* open ()
    {
        // do NOT put "wb" as the mode, because the b means "big endian" mode, not "binary" mode.
        // http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/man/TIFFOpen.3tiff.html
        return TIFFClientOpen( "", "w", reinterpret_cast<thandle_t>(this), &TiffEncoderBufHelper::read,
                               &TiffEncoderBufHelper::write, &TiffEncoderBufHelper::seek,
                               &TiffEncoderBufHelper::close, &TiffEncoderBufHelper::size,
                               /*map=*/0, /*unmap=*/0 );
    }

    static tmsize_t read( thandle_t /*handle*/, void* /*buffer*/, tmsize_t /*n*/ )
    {
        // Not used for encoding.
        return 0;
    }

    static tmsize_t write( thandle_t handle, void* buffer, tmsize_t n )
    {
        TiffEncoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffEncoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        size_t begin = (size_t)helper->m_buf_pos;
        size_t end = begin + n;
        if ( helper->m_buf->size() < end )
        {
            helper->m_buf->resize(end);
        }
        memcpy(&(*helper->m_buf)[begin], buffer, n);
        helper->m_buf_pos = end;
        return n;
    }

    static toff_t seek( thandle_t handle, toff_t offset, int whence )
    {
        TiffEncoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffEncoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        const toff_t size = helper->m_buf->size();
        toff_t new_pos = helper->m_buf_pos;
        switch (whence)
        {
            case SEEK_SET:
                new_pos = offset;
                break;
            case SEEK_CUR:
                new_pos += offset;
                break;
            case SEEK_END:
                new_pos = size + offset;
                break;
        }
        helper->m_buf_pos = new_pos;
        return new_pos;
    }

    static toff_t size( thandle_t handle )
    {
        TiffEncoderBufHelper *helper = reinterpret_cast<TiffEncoderBufHelper*>(handle);
        return helper->m_buf->size();
    }

    static int close( thandle_t /*handle*/ )
    {
        // Do nothing.
        return 0;
    }

private:

    std::vector<uchar>* m_buf;
    toff_t m_buf_pos;
};

static bool readParam(const std::vector<int>& params, int key, int& value)
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i + 1 < params.size(); i += 2)
    {
        if (params[i] == key)
        {
            value = params[i + 1];
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

bool TiffEncoder::writeLibTiff( const std::vector<Mat>& img_vec, const std::vector<int>& params)
{
    // do NOT put "wb" as the mode, because the b means "big endian" mode, not "binary" mode.
    // http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/man/TIFFOpen.3tiff.html
    TIFF* tif = NULL;

    TiffEncoderBufHelper buf_helper(m_buf);
    if ( m_buf )
    {
        tif = buf_helper.open();
    }
    else
    {
        tif = TIFFOpen(m_filename.c_str(), "w");
    }
    if (!tif)
    {
        return false;
    }
    cv::Ptr<void> tif_cleanup(tif, cv_tiffCloseHandle);

    //Settings that matter to all images
    int compression = COMPRESSION_LZW;
    int predictor = PREDICTOR_HORIZONTAL;
    int resUnit = -1, dpiX = -1, dpiY = -1;

    readParam(params, IMWRITE_TIFF_COMPRESSION, compression);
    readParam(params, TIFFTAG_PREDICTOR, predictor);
    readParam(params, IMWRITE_TIFF_RESUNIT, resUnit);
    readParam(params, IMWRITE_TIFF_XDPI, dpiX);
    readParam(params, IMWRITE_TIFF_YDPI, dpiY);

    //Iterate through each image in the vector and write them out as Tiff directories
    for (size_t page = 0; page < img_vec.size(); page++)
    {
        const Mat& img = img_vec[page];
        CV_Assert(!img.empty());
        int channels = img.channels();
        int width = img.cols, height = img.rows;
        int type = img.type();
        int depth = CV_MAT_DEPTH(type);
        CV_CheckType(type, depth == CV_8U || depth == CV_16U || depth == CV_32F || depth == CV_64F, "");
        CV_CheckType(type, channels >= 1 && channels <= 4, "");

        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, width));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, height));

        if (img_vec.size() > 1)
        {
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SUBFILETYPE, FILETYPE_PAGE));
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PAGENUMBER, page, img_vec.size()));
        }

        int compression_param = -1;  // OPENCV_FUTURE
        if (type == CV_32FC3 && (!readParam(params, IMWRITE_TIFF_COMPRESSION, compression_param) || compression_param == COMPRESSION_SGILOG))
        {
            if (!write_32FC3_SGILOG(img, tif))
                return false;
            continue;
        }

        int page_compression = compression;

        int bitsPerChannel = -1;
        switch (depth)
        {
            case CV_8U:
            {
                bitsPerChannel = 8;
                break;
            }
            case CV_16U:
            {
                bitsPerChannel = 16;
                break;
            }
            case CV_32F:
            {
                bitsPerChannel = 32;
                page_compression = COMPRESSION_NONE;
                break;
            }
            case CV_64F:
            {
                bitsPerChannel = 64;
                page_compression = COMPRESSION_NONE;
                break;
            }
            default:
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        const int bitsPerByte = 8;
        size_t fileStep = (width * channels * bitsPerChannel) / bitsPerByte;
        CV_Assert(fileStep > 0);

        int rowsPerStrip = (int)((1 << 13) / fileStep);
        readParam(params, TIFFTAG_ROWSPERSTRIP, rowsPerStrip);
        rowsPerStrip = std::max(1, std::min(height, rowsPerStrip));

        int colorspace = channels > 1 ? PHOTOMETRIC_RGB : PHOTOMETRIC_MINISBLACK;

        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, bitsPerChannel));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_COMPRESSION, page_compression));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, colorspace));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, channels));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PLANARCONFIG, PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG));
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_ROWSPERSTRIP, rowsPerStrip));

        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLEFORMAT, depth >= CV_32F ? SAMPLEFORMAT_IEEEFP : SAMPLEFORMAT_UINT));

        if (page_compression != COMPRESSION_NONE)
        {
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PREDICTOR, predictor));
        }

        if (resUnit >= RESUNIT_NONE && resUnit <= RESUNIT_CENTIMETER)
        {
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_RESOLUTIONUNIT, resUnit));
        }
        if (dpiX >= 0)
        {
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_XRESOLUTION, (float)dpiX));
        }
        if (dpiY >= 0)
        {
            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_YRESOLUTION, (float)dpiY));
        }

        // row buffer, because TIFFWriteScanline modifies the original data!
        size_t scanlineSize = TIFFScanlineSize(tif);
        AutoBuffer<uchar> _buffer(scanlineSize + 32);
        uchar* buffer = _buffer.data(); CV_DbgAssert(buffer);
        Mat m_buffer(Size(width, 1), CV_MAKETYPE(depth, channels), buffer, (size_t)scanlineSize);

        for (int y = 0; y < height; ++y)
        {
            switch (channels)
            {
                case 1:
                {
                    memcpy(buffer, img.ptr(y), scanlineSize);
                    break;
                }

                case 3:
                {
                    cvtColor(img(Rect(0, y, width, 1)), (const Mat&)m_buffer, COLOR_BGR2RGB);
                    break;
                }

                case 4:
                {
                    cvtColor(img(Rect(0, y, width, 1)), (const Mat&)m_buffer, COLOR_BGRA2RGBA);
                    break;
                }

                default:
                {
                    CV_Assert(0);
                }
            }

            CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFWriteScanline(tif, buffer, y, 0) == 1);
        }

        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFWriteDirectory(tif));
    }

    return true;
}

bool TiffEncoder::write_32FC3_SGILOG(const Mat& _img, void* tif_)
{
    TIFF* tif = (TIFF*)tif_;
    CV_Assert(tif);

    Mat img;
    cvtColor(_img, img, COLOR_BGR2XYZ);

    //done by caller: CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, img.cols));
    //done by caller: CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, img.rows));
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, 3));
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, 32));
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_COMPRESSION, COMPRESSION_SGILOG));
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, PHOTOMETRIC_LOGLUV));
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PLANARCONFIG, PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG));
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SGILOGDATAFMT, SGILOGDATAFMT_FLOAT));
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_ROWSPERSTRIP, 1));
    const int strip_size = 3 * img.cols;
    for (int i = 0; i < img.rows; i++)
    {
        CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFWriteEncodedStrip(tif, i, (tdata_t)img.ptr<float>(i), strip_size * sizeof(float)) != (tsize_t)-1);
    }
    CV_TIFF_CHECK_CALL(TIFFWriteDirectory(tif));
    return true;
}

bool TiffEncoder::writemulti(const std::vector<Mat>& img_vec, const std::vector<int>& params)
{
    return writeLibTiff(img_vec, params);
}

bool  TiffEncoder::write( const Mat& img, const std::vector<int>& params)
{
    int type = img.type();
    int depth = CV_MAT_DEPTH(type);

    CV_CheckType(type, depth == CV_8U || depth == CV_16U || depth == CV_32F || depth == CV_64F, "");

    std::vector<Mat> img_vec;
    img_vec.push_back(img);
    return writeLibTiff(img_vec, params);
}

} // namespace

#endif