8228469: (tz) Upgrade time-zone data to tzdata2019b

Reviewed-by: shade

8228469: (tz) Upgrade time-zone data to tzdata2019b
Reviewed-by: shade
fcd74dfe · andrew · 0dc6cf51 · fcd74dfe · fcd74dfe · fcd74dfe
14 changed file
--- a/make/data/tzdata/VERSION
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/VERSION
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@
 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 # questions.
 #
-tzdata2019a
+tzdata2019b
--- a/make/data/tzdata/africa
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/africa
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ Rule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Apr	25	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Algeria	1980	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	-
 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
 # more precise 0:09:21.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Algiers	0:12:12 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15  0:01
 			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
 			0:00	Algeria	WE%sT	1940 Feb 25  2:00
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Algiers	0:12:12 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15  0:01
 # For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
 # (see Europe/Lisbon).
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1912 Jan 01  2:00u # Praia
 			-2:00	-	-02	1942 Sep
 			-2:00	1:00	-01	1945 Oct 15
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 -	LMT	1912 Jan 01  2:00u # Praia
 # See Africa/Lagos.
 # Chad
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Ndjamena	1:00:12 -	LMT	1912        # N'Djamena
 			1:00	-	WAT	1979 Oct 14
 			1:00	1:00	WAST	1980 Mar  8
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Ndjamena	1:00:12 -	LMT	1912        # N'Djamena
 # See Africa/Lagos.
 # Côte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Abidjan	-0:16:08 -	LMT	1912
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako	# Mali
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ Rule	Egypt	2014	only	-	Jun	26	24:00	0	-
 Rule	Egypt	2014	only	-	Jul	31	24:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Egypt	2014	only	-	Sep	lastThu	24:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:09 -	LMT	1900 Oct
 			2:00	Egypt	EE%sT
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:09 -	LMT	1900 Oct
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Ghana	1920	1942	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0:20	-
 Rule	Ghana	1920	1942	-	Dec	31	0:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Accra	-0:00:52 -	LMT	1918
 			 0:00	Ghana	GMT/+0020
@@ -451,13 +451,13 @@ Zone	Africa/Accra	-0:00:52 -	LMT	1918
 # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
 # (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect.
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Bissau	-1:02:20 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1  1:00u
 			-1:00	-	-01	1975
 			 0:00	-	GMT
 # Kenya
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Nairobi	2:27:16	-	LMT	1928 Jul
 			3:00	-	EAT	1930
 			2:30	-	+0230	1940
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte
 # Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric
 # abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit.
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Monrovia	-0:43:08 -	LMT	1882
 			-0:43:08 -	MMT	1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
 			-0:44:30 -	MMT	1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ Rule	Libya	1997	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Libya	1997	only	-	Oct	 4	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Libya	2013	only	-	Mar	lastFri	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Libya	2013	only	-	Oct	lastFri	2:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Tripoli	0:52:44 -	LMT	1920
 			1:00	Libya	CE%sT	1959
 			2:00	-	EET	1982
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ Rule Mauritius	1982	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule Mauritius	1983	only	-	Mar	21	0:00	0	-
 Rule Mauritius	2008	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule Mauritius	2009	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907 # Port Louis
 			4:00 Mauritius	+04/+05
 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
@@ -883,18 +883,24 @@ Zone Indian/Mauritius	3:50:00 -	LMT	1907 # Port Louis
 # the week end after....  The government does not announce yet the decision
 # about this temporary change.  But it s 99% sure that it will be the case,
 # as in previous years.  An unofficial survey was done these days, showing
-# that 64% of asked peopke are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan.
+# that 64% of asked people are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan.
 # https://leconomiste.com/article/1035870-enquete-l-economiste-sunergia-64-des-marocains-plebiscitent-le-gmt-pendant-ramadan
+# From Naoufal Semlali (2019-04-16):
+# Morocco will be on GMT starting from Sunday, May 5th 2019 at 3am.
+# The switch to GMT+1 will occur on Sunday, June 9th 2019 at 2am....
+# http://fr.le360.ma/societe/voici-la-date-du-retour-a-lheure-legale-au-maroc-188222
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-01):
+# From Paul Eggert (2019-05-20):
-# For now, guess that Morocco will fall back at 03:00 the last Sunday
+# This agrees with our 2018-11-01 guess that the Moroccan government
-# before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the first Sunday after
+# would continue the practice of falling back at 03:00 the last Sunday
+# before Ramadan, and of springing forward at 02:00 the first Sunday after
 # Ramadan, as this has been the practice since 2012.  To implement this,
-# transition dates for 2019 through 2037 were determined by running the
+# transition dates for 2019 through 2087 were determined by running the
-# following program under GNU Emacs 26.1.
+# following program under GNU Emacs 26.2.
 # (let ((islamic-year 1440))
 #   (require 'cal-islam)
-#   (while (< islamic-year 1460)
+#   (while (< islamic-year 1511)
 #     (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
 #           (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))
 #           (sunday 0))
@@ -993,8 +999,114 @@ Rule	Morocco	2036	only	-	Oct	19	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2036	only	-	Nov	23	 2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Morocco	2037	only	-	Oct	 4	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2037	only	-	Nov	15	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2038	only	-	Sep	26	 3:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+Rule	Morocco	2038	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2039	only	-	Sep	18	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2039	only	-	Oct	23	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2040	only	-	Sep	 2	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2040	only	-	Oct	14	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2041	only	-	Aug	25	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2041	only	-	Sep	29	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2042	only	-	Aug	10	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2042	only	-	Sep	21	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2043	only	-	Aug	 2	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2043	only	-	Sep	 6	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2044	only	-	Jul	24	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2044	only	-	Aug	28	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2045	only	-	Jul	 9	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2045	only	-	Aug	20	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2046	only	-	Jul	 1	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2046	only	-	Aug	 5	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2047	only	-	Jun	23	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2047	only	-	Jul	28	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2048	only	-	Jun	 7	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2048	only	-	Jul	19	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2049	only	-	May	30	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2049	only	-	Jul	 4	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2050	only	-	May	15	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2050	only	-	Jun	26	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2051	only	-	May	 7	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2051	only	-	Jun	11	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2052	only	-	Apr	28	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2052	only	-	Jun	 2	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2053	only	-	Apr	13	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2053	only	-	May	25	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2054	only	-	Apr	 5	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2054	only	-	May	10	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2055	only	-	Mar	28	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2055	only	-	May	 2	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2056	only	-	Mar	12	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2056	only	-	Apr	23	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2057	only	-	Mar	 4	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2057	only	-	Apr	 8	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2058	only	-	Feb	17	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2058	only	-	Mar	31	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2059	only	-	Feb	 9	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2059	only	-	Mar	16	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2060	only	-	Feb	 1	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2060	only	-	Mar	 7	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2061	only	-	Jan	16	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2061	only	-	Feb	27	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2062	only	-	Jan	 8	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2062	only	-	Feb	12	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2062	only	-	Dec	31	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2063	only	-	Feb	 4	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2063	only	-	Dec	16	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2064	only	-	Jan	20	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2064	only	-	Dec	 7	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2065	only	-	Jan	11	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2065	only	-	Nov	22	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2066	only	-	Jan	 3	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2066	only	-	Nov	14	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2066	only	-	Dec	19	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2067	only	-	Nov	 6	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2067	only	-	Dec	11	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2068	only	-	Oct	21	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2068	only	-	Dec	 2	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2069	only	-	Oct	13	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2069	only	-	Nov	17	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2070	only	-	Oct	 5	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2070	only	-	Nov	 9	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2071	only	-	Sep	20	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2071	only	-	Oct	25	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2072	only	-	Sep	11	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2072	only	-	Oct	16	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2073	only	-	Aug	27	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2073	only	-	Oct	 8	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2074	only	-	Aug	19	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2074	only	-	Sep	23	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2075	only	-	Aug	11	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2075	only	-	Sep	15	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2076	only	-	Jul	26	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2076	only	-	Sep	 6	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2077	only	-	Jul	18	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2077	only	-	Aug	22	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2078	only	-	Jul	10	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2078	only	-	Aug	14	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2079	only	-	Jun	25	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2079	only	-	Jul	30	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2080	only	-	Jun	16	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2080	only	-	Jul	21	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2081	only	-	Jun	 1	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2081	only	-	Jul	13	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2082	only	-	May	24	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2082	only	-	Jun	28	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2083	only	-	May	16	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2083	only	-	Jun	20	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2084	only	-	Apr	30	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2084	only	-	Jun	11	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2085	only	-	Apr	22	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2085	only	-	May	27	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2086	only	-	Apr	14	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2086	only	-	May	19	 2:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Morocco	2087	only	-	Mar	30	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2087	only	-	May	 4	 2:00	1:00	-
+# For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that
+# Morocco will no longer observe DST.  At some point this table will
+# need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the
+# rules first.
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
 			 0:00	Morocco	+00/+01	1984 Mar 16
 			 1:00	-	+01	1986
@@ -1024,7 +1136,7 @@ Zone Africa/El_Aaiun	-0:52:48 -	LMT	1934 Jan # El Aaiún
 # https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
 # merely made it official?
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Maputo	2:10:20 -	LMT	1903 Mar
 			2:00	-	CAT
 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre	# Malawi
@@ -1096,7 +1208,7 @@ Rule	Namibia	1994	2017	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	CAT
 Rule	Namibia	1995	2017	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	0	WAT
 # End of rearguard section.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Windhoek	1:08:24 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
 			1:30	-	+0130	1903 Mar
 			2:00	-	SAST	1942 Sep 20  2:00
@@ -1117,7 +1229,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Windhoek	1:08:24 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
 # See Africa/Lagos.
 # Nigeria
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Lagos	0:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Sep
 			1:00	-	WAT
 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui	     # Central African Republic
@@ -1131,7 +1243,7 @@ Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey	     # Niger
 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo  # Benin
 # Réunion
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
 			4:00	-	+04
 #
@@ -1191,7 +1303,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
 # See Africa/Abidjan.
 # Seychelles
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1906 Jun # Victoria
 			4:00	-	+04
 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
@@ -1211,7 +1323,7 @@ Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1906 Jun # Victoria
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	SA	1942	1943	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	SA	1943	1944	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 -	LMT	1892 Feb 8
 			1:30	-	SAST	1903 Mar
 			2:00	SA	SAST
@@ -1246,14 +1358,14 @@ Rule	Sudan	1970	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Sudan	1970	1985	-	Oct	15	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Sudan	1971	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Sudan	1972	1985	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Khartoum	2:10:08 -	LMT	1931
 			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
 			3:00	-	EAT	2017 Nov  1
 			2:00	-	CAT
 # South Sudan
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Juba	2:06:28 -	LMT	1931
 			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
 			3:00	-	EAT
@@ -1359,7 +1471,7 @@ Rule	Tunisia	2006	2008	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
 # more precise 0:09:21.
 # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Tunis	0:40:44 -	LMT	1881 May 12
 			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
 			1:00	Tunisia	CE%sT

--- a/make/data/tzdata/antarctica
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/antarctica
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 # for information.
 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
-# FORMAT is '-00' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
+# FORMAT is '-00' and STDOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
 # Argentina - year-round bases
 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
 # Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time
 # zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016".
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Casey	0	-	-00	1969
 			8:00	-	+08	2009 Oct 18  2:00
 			11:00	-	+11	2010 Mar  5  2:00
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Mawson	0	-	-00	1954 Feb 13
 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
 #	fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Indian/Kerguelen	0	-	-00	1950 # Port-aux-Français
 			5:00	-	+05
 #
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ Zone Indian/Kerguelen	0	-	-00	1950 # Port-aux-Français
 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 -	-00	1947
 			10:00	-	+10	1952 Jan 14
 			0	-	-00	1956 Nov
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 -	-00	1947
 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
 # was established on 1957-01-29.  Since Syowa station is still the main
 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Syowa	0	-	-00	1957 Jan 29
 			3:00	-	+03
 # See:
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00u	2:00	+02
 #Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Nov	 7	1:00u	0:00	+00
 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines.
 Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00u	0:00	+00
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Troll	0	-	-00	2005 Feb 12
 			0:00	Troll	%s
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Vostok	0	-	-00	1957 Dec 16
 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
 # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Rothera	0	-	-00	1976 Dec  1
 			-3:00	-	-03

--- a/make/data/tzdata/asia
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/asia
--- a/make/data/tzdata/australasia
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/australasia
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Rule	Aus	1943	only	-	Oct	 3	2:00	1:00	D
 # says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944.  Ignore Whitman's claim that
 # 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # Northern Territory
 Zone Australia/Darwin	 8:43:20 -	LMT	1895 Feb
 			 9:00	-	ACST	1899 May
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Rule	AS	2006	only	-	Apr	2	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AS	2007	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AS	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AS	2008	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Australia/Adelaide	9:14:20 -	LMT	1895 Feb
 			9:00	-	ACST	1899 May
 			9:30	Aus	AC%sT	1971
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ Rule	AT	2001	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
 Rule	AT	2006	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AT	2007	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AT	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Australia/Hobart	9:49:16	-	LMT	1895 Sep
 			10:00	-	AEST	1916 Oct  1  2:00
 			10:00	1:00	AEDT	1917 Feb
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ Rule	AV	2006	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AV	2007	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AV	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AV	2008	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
 			10:00	Aus	AE%sT	1971
 			10:00	AV	AE%sT
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ Rule	AN	2006	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AN	2007	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AN	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	AN	2008	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Australia/Sydney	10:04:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
 			10:00	Aus	AE%sT	1971
 			10:00	AN	AE%sT
@@ -279,14 +279,14 @@ Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0	-	-00	1899 Nov
 			11:00	-	+11
 # Christmas
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Indian/Christmas	7:02:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
 			7:00	-	+07
 # Cocos (Keeling) Is
 # These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
 # We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Indian/Cocos	6:27:40	-	LMT	1900
 			6:30	-	+0630
@@ -409,12 +409,12 @@ Rule	Fiji	2012	2013	-	Jan	Sun>=18	3:00	0	-
 Rule	Fiji	2014	only	-	Jan	Sun>=18	2:00	0	-
 Rule	Fiji	2014	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Fiji	2015	max	-	Jan	Sun>=13	3:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Fiji	11:55:44 -	LMT	1915 Oct 26 # Suva
 			12:00	Fiji	+12/+13
 # French Polynesia
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Gambier	 -8:59:48 -	LMT	1912 Oct # Rikitea
 			 -9:00	-	-09
 Zone	Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 -	LMT	1912 Oct
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ Rule	Guam	1977	only	-	Apr	24	2:00	1:00	D
 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-77-18-Guam-Standard-Time.pdf
 Rule	Guam	1977	only	-	Aug	28	2:00	0	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Guam	-14:21:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 9:39:00 -	LMT	1901        # Agana
 			10:00	-	GST	1941 Dec 10 # Guam
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ Zone	Pacific/Guam	-14:21:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is
 # Kiribati
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Tarawa	 11:32:04 -	LMT	1901 # Bairiki
 			 12:00	-	+12
 Zone Pacific/Enderbury	-11:24:20 -	LMT	1901
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Kiritimati	-10:29:20 -	LMT	1901
 # See Pacific/Guam.
 # Marshall Is
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Majuro	 11:24:48 -	LMT	1901
 			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
 			  9:00	-	+09	1919 Feb  1
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Kwajalein	 11:09:20 -	LMT	1901
 			 12:00	-	+12
 # Micronesia
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Chuuk	-13:52:52 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 10:07:08 -	LMT	1901
 			 10:00	-	+10	1914 Oct
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Kosrae	-13:08:04 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 11:00	-	+11
 # Nauru
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Nauru	11:07:40 -	LMT	1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
 			11:30	-	+1130	1942 Aug 29
 			 9:00	-	+09	1945 Sep  8
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ Rule	NC	1978	1979	-	Feb	27	0:00	0	-
 Rule	NC	1996	only	-	Dec	 1	2:00s	1:00	-
 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
 Rule	NC	1997	only	-	Mar	 2	2:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Noumea	11:05:48 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa
 			11:00	NC	+11/+12
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ Rule	NZ	2007	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
 Rule	Chatham	2007	max	-	Sep	lastSun	2:45s	1:00	-
 Rule	NZ	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	S
 Rule	Chatham	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:45s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Auckland	11:39:04 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
 			11:30	NZ	NZ%sT	1946 Jan  1
 			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
 Rule	Cook	1978	only	-	Nov	12	0:00	0:30	-
 Rule	Cook	1979	1991	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Cook	1979	1990	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga	-10:39:04 -	LMT	1901        # Avarua
 			-10:30	-	-1030	1978 Nov 12
 			-10:00	Cook	-10/-0930
@@ -617,14 +617,14 @@ Zone Pacific/Rarotonga	-10:39:04 -	LMT	1901        # Avarua
 # Niue
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Niue	-11:19:40 -	LMT	1901        # Alofi
 			-11:20	-	-1120	1951
 			-11:30	-	-1130	1978 Oct  1
 			-11:00	-	-11
 # Norfolk
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Norfolk	11:11:52 -	LMT	1901 # Kingston
 			11:12	-	+1112	1951
 			11:30	-	+1130	1974 Oct 27 02:00
@@ -633,13 +633,13 @@ Zone	Pacific/Norfolk	11:11:52 -	LMT	1901 # Kingston
 			11:00	-	+11
 # Palau (Belau)
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Palau	-15:02:04 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31	# Koror
 			  8:57:56 -	LMT	1901
 			  9:00	-	+09
 # Papua New Guinea
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 -	LMT	1880
 			9:48:32	-	PMMT	1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
 			10:00	-	+10
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 -	LMT	1880
 			11:00	-	+11
 # Pitcairn
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn	-8:40:20 -	LMT	1901        # Adamstown
 			-8:30	-	-0830	1998 Apr 27  0:00
 			-8:00	-	-08
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ Rule	WS	2011	only	-	Apr	Sat>=1	4:00	0	-
 Rule	WS	2011	only	-	Sep	lastSat	3:00	1	-
 Rule	WS	2012	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	4:00	0	-
 Rule	WS	2012	max	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00	1	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Apia	 12:33:04 -	LMT	1892 Jul  5
 			-11:26:56 -	LMT	1911
 			-11:30	-	-1130	1950
@@ -763,7 +763,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Apia	 12:33:04 -	LMT	1892 Jul  5
 # Solomon Is
 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 -	LMT	1912 Oct # Honiara
 			11:00	-	+11
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 -	LMT	1912 Oct # Honiara
 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T."  Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger
 # are off by an hour starting in 1901.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Fakaofo	-11:24:56 -	LMT	1901
 			-11:00	-	-11	2011 Dec 30
 			13:00	-	+13
@@ -799,14 +799,14 @@ Rule	Tonga	2000	2001	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Tonga	2001	2002	-	Jan	lastSun	2:00	0	-
 Rule	Tonga	2016	only	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Tonga	2017	only	-	Jan	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu	12:19:20 -	LMT	1901
 			12:20	-	+1220	1941
 			13:00	-	+13	1999
 			13:00	Tonga	+13/+14
 # Tuvalu
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
 			12:00	-	+12
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
 # Wake
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Wake	11:06:28 -	LMT	1901
 			12:00	-	+12
@@ -880,12 +880,12 @@ Rule	Vanuatu	1984	only	-	Oct	23	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Vanuatu	1985	1991	-	Sep	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Vanuatu	1992	1993	-	Jan	Sun>=23	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Vanuatu	1992	only	-	Oct	Sun>=23	0:00	1:00	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Efate	11:13:16 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13 # Vila
 			11:00	Vanuatu	+11/+12
 # Wallis and Futuna
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 			12:00	-	+12
@@ -1271,6 +1271,22 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # in WA or its introduction in SA had anything to do with the genesis
 # of this time zone.  My hunch is that it's been around since well
 # before 1975.  I remember seeing it noted on road maps decades ago.
+#
+# From Gilmore Davidson (2019-04-08):
+# https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-08/this-remote-stretch-of-desert-has-its-own-custom-time-zone/10981000
+# ... include[s] a rough description of the geographical boundaries...
+# "The time zone exists for about 340 kilometres and takes in the tiny
+# roadhouse communities of Cocklebiddy, Madura, Eucla and Border Village."
+# ... and an indication that the zone has definitely been in existence
+# since before the 1970 cut-off of the database ...
+# From Paul Eggert (2019-05-17):
+# That ABC Esperance story by Christien de Garis also says:
+#    Although the Central Western Time Zone is not officially recognised (your
+#    phones won't automatically change), there is a sign instructing you which
+#    way to wind your clocks 45 minutes and scrawled underneath one of them in
+#    Texta is the word: 'Why'?
+#    "Good question," Mr Pike said.
+#    "I don't even know that, and it's been going for over 50 years."
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-12-15):
 # For lack of better info, assume the tradition dates back to the
@@ -1589,6 +1605,42 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 ###############################################################################
+# Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands and Marcus Island (Minami-Tori-shima)
+# From Wakaba (2019-01-28) via Phake Nick:
+# National Diet Library of Japan has several reports by Japanese Government
+# officers that describe the time used in islands when they visited there.
+# According to them (and other sources such as newspapers), standard time UTC
+# + 10 (JST + 1) and DST UTC + 11 (JST + 2) was used until its return to Japan
+# at 1968-06-26 00:00 JST.  The exact periods of DST are still unknown.
+# I guessed Guam, Mariana, and Bonin and Marcus districts might have
+# synchronized their DST periods, but reports imply they had their own
+# decisions, i.e. there were three or more different time zones....
+#
+# https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/小笠原諸島の標準時
+# From Phake Nick (2019-02-12):
+# Because their last time change to return to Japanese time when they returned
+# to Japanese rule was right before 1970, ... per the current tz database
+# rule, the information doesn't warrant creation of a new timezone for Bonin
+# Islands itself and is thus as an anecdotal note for interest purpose only.
+# ... [The abovementioned link] described some special timekeeping phenomenon
+# regarding Marcus island, another remote island currently owned by Japanese
+# in the same administrative unit as Bonin Islands.  Many reports claim that
+# the American coastal guard on the American quarter of the island use its own
+# coastal guard time, and most sources describe the time as UTC+11, being two
+# hours faster than JST used by some Japanese personnel on the island.  Some
+# sites describe it as same as Wake Island/Guam time although it would be
+# incorrect to be same as Guam.  And then in a few Japanese governmental
+# report from 1980s (from National Institute of Information and Communications
+# Technology) regarding the construction of VLBI facility on the Marcus
+# Island, it claimed that there are three time standards being used on the
+# island at the time which include not just JST (UTC+9) or [US]CG time
+# (UTC+11) but also a JMSDF time (UTC+10) (Japan Maritime Self-Defense
+# Force).  Unfortunately there are no other sources that mentioned such time
+# and there are also no information on things like how the time was used.
 # Fiji
 # Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji

--- a/make/data/tzdata/europe
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/europe
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should
 # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761.
 #
-# [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.]
+# [This yields STDOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.]
 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
 #
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ Rule	GB-Eire 1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	1:00u	0	GMT
 #
 # Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/London	-0:01:15 -	LMT	1847 Dec  1  0:00s
 			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
 			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ Link	Europe/London	Europe/Isle_of_Man
 #Rule	Eire	1990	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=22	 1:00u	-1:00	-
 #Rule	Eire	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00u	-1:00	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Dublin	-0:25:00 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
 			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21  2:00s
 			-0:25:21 1:00	IST	1916 Oct  1  2:00s
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ Rule	Russia	1996	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
 # These are for backward compatibility with older versions.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	WET		0:00	EU	WE%sT
 Zone	CET		1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT
 Zone	MET		1:00	C-Eur	ME%sT
@@ -820,14 +820,14 @@ Rule	Albania	1982	only	-	Oct	 3	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Albania	1983	only	-	Apr	18	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Albania	1983	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Albania	1984	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Tirane	1:19:20 -	LMT	1914
 			1:00	-	CET	1940 Jun 16
 			1:00	Albania	CE%sT	1984 Jul
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 # Andorra
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Andorra	0:06:04 -	LMT	1901
 			0:00	-	WET	1946 Sep 30
 			1:00	-	CET	1985 Mar 31  2:00
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ Rule	Austria	1947	only	-	Apr	 6	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Austria	1948	only	-	Apr	18	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Austria	1980	only	-	Apr	 6	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Austria	1980	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Vienna	1:05:21 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1920
 			1:00	Austria	CE%sT	1940 Apr  1  2:00s
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Vienna	1:05:21 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 # Belarussian government decided against changing to winter time....
 # http://eng.belta.by/all_news/society/Belarus-decides-against-adjusting-time-in-Russias-wake_i_76335.html
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Minsk	1:50:16 -	LMT	1880
 			1:50	-	MMT	1924 May  2 # Minsk Mean Time
 			2:00	-	EET	1930 Jun 21
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ Rule	Belgium	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	 2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Belgium	1945	only	-	Sep	16	 2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Belgium	1946	only	-	May	19	 2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Belgium	1946	only	-	Oct	 7	 2:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Brussels	0:17:30 -	LMT	1880
 			0:17:30	-	BMT	1892 May  1 12:00  # Brussels MT
 			0:00	-	WET	1914 Nov  8
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ Rule	Bulg	1979	only	-	Oct	 1	 1:00	0	-
 Rule	Bulg	1980	1982	-	Apr	Sat>=1	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Bulg	1980	only	-	Sep	29	 1:00	0	-
 Rule	Bulg	1981	only	-	Sep	27	 2:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Sofia	1:33:16 -	LMT	1880
 			1:56:56	-	IMT	1894 Nov 30 # Istanbul MT?
 			2:00	-	EET	1942 Nov  2  3:00
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ Rule	Czech	1946	only	-	May	 6	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Czech	1946	1949	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Czech	1947	1948	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Czech	1949	only	-	Apr	 9	2:00s	1:00	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Prague	0:57:44 -	LMT	1850
 			0:57:44	-	PMT	1891 Oct    # Prague Mean Time
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  9
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ Rule	Denmark	1947	only	-	Aug	10	 2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Denmark	1948	only	-	May	 9	 2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Denmark	1948	only	-	Aug	 8	 2:00s	0	-
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Copenhagen	 0:50:20 -	LMT	1890
 			 0:50:20 -	CMT	1894 Jan  1 # Copenhagen MT
 			 1:00	Denmark	CE%sT	1942 Nov  2  2:00s
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@ Rule	Thule	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 Rule	Thule	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Thule	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28
 			-3:00	-	-03	1980 Apr  6  2:00
 			-3:00	EU	-03/-02	1996
@@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@ Zone America/Thule	-4:35:08 -	LMT	1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
 # From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28):
 # The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Tallinn	1:39:00	-	LMT	1880
 			1:39:00	-	TMT	1918 Feb    # Tallinn Mean Time
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1919 Jul
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ Rule	Finland	1981	1982	-	Sep	lastSun	3:00	0	-
 # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document);
 # round to nearest.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Helsinki	1:39:49 -	LMT	1878 May 31
 			1:39:49	-	HMT	1921 May    # Helsinki Mean Time
 			2:00	Finland	EE%sT	1983
@@ -1387,7 +1387,7 @@ Rule	France	1976	only	-	Sep	26	 1:00	0	-
 # but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21.
 # Go with Howse.  Howse writes that the time in France was officially based
 # on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Paris	0:09:21 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15  0:01
 			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11  0:01 # Paris MT
 # Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre.
@@ -1435,7 +1435,7 @@ Rule SovietZone	1945	only	-	May	24	2:00	2:00	M # Midsummer
 Rule SovietZone	1945	only	-	Sep	24	3:00	1:00	S
 Rule SovietZone	1945	only	-	Nov	18	2:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Berlin	0:53:28 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May 24  2:00
 			1:00 SovietZone	CE%sT	1946
@@ -1463,7 +1463,7 @@ Link	Europe/Zurich	Europe/Busingen
 # is in Europe.  Our reference location Tbilisi is in the Asian part.
 # Gibraltar
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Gibraltar	-0:21:24 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2  0:00s
 			0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1957 Apr 14  2:00
 			1:00	-	CET	1982
@@ -1494,7 +1494,7 @@ Rule	Greece	1979	only	-	Apr	 1	9:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Greece	1979	only	-	Sep	29	2:00	0	-
 Rule	Greece	1980	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Greece	1980	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Athens	1:34:52 -	LMT	1895 Sep 14
 			1:34:52	-	AMT	1916 Jul 28  0:01 # Athens MT
 			2:00	Greece	EE%sT	1941 Apr 30
@@ -1531,7 +1531,7 @@ Rule	Hungary	1956	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
 Rule	Hungary	1957	only	-	Jun	Sun>=1	 1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Hungary	1957	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Hungary	1980	only	-	Apr	 6	 1:00	1:00	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Budapest	1:16:20 -	LMT	1890 Oct
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1918
 			1:00	Hungary	CE%sT	1941 Apr  8
@@ -1592,7 +1592,7 @@ Rule	Iceland	1947	1967	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 1:00s	1:00	-
 Rule	Iceland	1949	only	-	Oct	30	 1:00s	0	-
 Rule	Iceland	1950	1966	-	Oct	Sun>=22	 1:00s	0	-
 Rule	Iceland	1967	only	-	Oct	29	 1:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik	-1:28	-	LMT	1908
 			-1:00	Iceland	-01/+00	1968 Apr  7  1:00s
 			 0:00	-	GMT
@@ -1606,6 +1606,25 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik	-1:28	-	LMT	1908
 # But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
 # so record only the time in Rome.
 #
+# From Stephen Trainor (2019-05-06):
+# http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale/ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm
+# ... the [1866] law went into effect on 12 December 1866, rather than
+# the date of the decree (22 Sep 1866)
+# https://web.archive.org/web/20070824155341/http://www.iav.it/planetario/didastro/didastro/english.htm
+# ... "In Italy in 1866 there were 6 railway times (Torino, Verona, Firenze,
+# Roma, Napoli, Palermo). On that year it was decided to unify them, adopting
+# the average time of Rome (even if this city was not yet part of the
+# kingdom).  On the 12th December 1866, on the starting of the winter time
+# table, it took effect in the railways, the post office and the telegraph,
+# not only for the internal service but also for the public....  Milano set
+# the public watches on the Rome time on the same day (12th December 1866),
+# Torino and Bologna on the 1st January 1867, Venezia the 1st May 1880 and the
+# last city was Cagliari in 1886."
+#
+# From Luigi Rosa (2019-05-07):
+# this is the scan of the decree:
+# http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/filopanti/1866c.jpg
+#
 # From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24):
 # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10
 # ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into
@@ -1616,6 +1635,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik	-1:28	-	LMT	1908
 # The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological
 # institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at
 # http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml
+# [now at http://oldsite.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml as of 2017]
 # (2016-10-24):
 # http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/
 # has still different data for 1944.  It divides Italy in two, as
@@ -1679,8 +1699,8 @@ Rule	Italy	1976	only	-	May	30	 0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Italy	1977	1979	-	May	Sun>=22	 0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Italy	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
 Rule	Italy	1979	only	-	Sep	30	 0:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Sep 22
+Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Dec 12
 			0:49:56	-	RMT	1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1943 Sep 10
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Jun  4
@@ -1755,7 +1775,7 @@ Rule	Latvia	1989	1996	-	Sep	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Latvia was 1:36:34.
 # Go with Byalokoz.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Riga	1:36:34	-	LMT	1880
 			1:36:34	-	RMT	1918 Apr 15  2:00 # Riga MT
 			1:36:34	1:00	LST	1918 Sep 16  3:00 # Latvian ST
@@ -1825,7 +1845,7 @@ Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
 # http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Vilnius	1:41:16	-	LMT	1880
 			1:24:00	-	WMT	1917        # Warsaw Mean Time
 			1:35:36	-	KMT	1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time
@@ -1869,7 +1889,7 @@ Rule	Lux	1926	only	-	Apr	17	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lux	1927	only	-	Apr	 9	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lux	1928	only	-	Apr	14	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Lux	1929	only	-	Apr	20	23:00	1:00	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Luxembourg	0:24:36 -	LMT	1904 Jun
 			1:00	Lux	CE%sT	1918 Nov 25
 			0:00	Lux	WE%sT	1929 Oct  6  2:00s
@@ -1894,7 +1914,7 @@ Rule	Malta	1974	only	-	Sep	16	0:00s	0	-
 Rule	Malta	1975	1979	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Malta	1975	1980	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
 Rule	Malta	1980	only	-	Mar	31	2:00	1:00	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2  0:00s # Valletta
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1973 Mar 31
 			1:00	Malta	CE%sT	1981
@@ -1963,7 +1983,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2  0:00s # Valletta
 Rule	Moldova	1997	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Moldova	1997	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 3:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Chisinau	1:55:20 -	LMT	1880
 			1:55	-	CMT	1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
 			1:44:24	-	BMT	1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
@@ -1979,7 +1999,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Chisinau	1:55:20 -	LMT	1880
 # Monaco
 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
 # more precise 0:09:21.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Monaco	0:29:32 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15
 			0:09:21	-	PMT	1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
 			0:00	France	WE%sT	1945 Sep 16  3:00
@@ -2054,8 +2074,8 @@ Rule	Neth	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Neth	1945	only	-	Sep	16	2:00s	0	-
 #
 # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted
-# below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer.
+# below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Amsterdam	0:19:32 -	LMT	1835
 			0:19:32	Neth	%s	1937 Jul  1
 			0:20	Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16  0:00
@@ -2074,7 +2094,7 @@ Rule	Norway	1945	only	-	Oct	 1	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Norway	1959	1964	-	Mar	Sun>=15	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Norway	1959	1965	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Norway	1965	only	-	Apr	25	2:00s	1:00	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Oslo	0:43:00 -	LMT	1895 Jan  1
 			1:00	Norway	CE%sT	1940 Aug 10 23:00
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 Apr  2  2:00
@@ -2165,7 +2185,7 @@ Rule	Poland	1959	1961	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00s	0	-
 Rule	Poland	1960	only	-	Apr	 3	1:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Poland	1961	1964	-	May	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Poland	1962	1964	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Warsaw	1:24:00 -	LMT	1880
 			1:24:00	-	WMT	1915 Aug  5 # Warsaw Mean Time
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1918 Sep 16  3:00
@@ -2270,7 +2290,7 @@ Rule	Port	1980	only	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Port	1981	1982	-	Mar	lastSun	 1:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Port	1983	only	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00s	1:00	S
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Lisbon	-0:36:45 -	LMT	1884
 			-0:36:45 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1  0:00u # Lisbon MT
 			 0:00	Port	WE%sT	1966 Apr  3  2:00
@@ -2329,7 +2349,7 @@ Rule	Romania	1980	only	-	Apr	 5	23:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Romania	1980	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00	0	-
 Rule	Romania	1991	1993	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Romania	1991	1993	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Bucharest	1:44:24 -	LMT	1891 Oct
 			1:44:24	-	BMT	1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
 			2:00	Romania	EE%sT	1981 Mar 29  2:00s
@@ -3368,7 +3388,7 @@ Zone Asia/Anadyr	11:49:56 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 # See Europe/Rome.
 # Serbia
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Belgrade	1:22:00	-	LMT	1884
 			1:00	-	CET	1941 Apr 18 23:00
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945
@@ -3474,7 +3494,7 @@ Rule SpainAfrica 1976	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0	-
 Rule SpainAfrica 1977	only	-	Sep	28	 0:00	0	-
 Rule SpainAfrica 1978	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule SpainAfrica 1978	only	-	Aug	 4	 0:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Madrid	-0:14:44 -	LMT	1900 Dec 31 23:45:16
 			 0:00	Spain	WE%sT	1940 Mar 16 23:00
 			 1:00	Spain	CE%sT	1979
@@ -3542,7 +3562,7 @@ Zone	Atlantic/Canary	-1:01:36 -	LMT	1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
 #
 # Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
 			1:00:14	-	SET	1900 Jan  1 # Swedish Time
 			1:00	-	CET	1916 May 14 23:00
@@ -3645,7 +3665,7 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	May	Mon>=1	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	Oct	Mon>=1	2:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1853 Jul 16 # See above comment.
 			0:29:46	-	BMT	1894 Jun    # Bern Mean Time
 			1:00	Swiss	CE%sT	1981
@@ -3795,7 +3815,7 @@ Rule	Turkey	1986	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
 Rule	Turkey	1994	only	-	Mar	20	1:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Turkey	1995	2006	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Turkey	1996	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Istanbul	1:55:52 -	LMT	1880
 			1:56:56	-	IMT	1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time?
 			2:00	Turkey	EE%sT	1978 Oct 15
@@ -3892,16 +3912,8 @@ Link	Europe/Istanbul	Asia/Istanbul	# Istanbul is in both continents.
 # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in
 # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that
 # means less disruption for our users.
-#
-# Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff,
-# Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in
-# Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA).  This pronunciation has nothing like an
-# English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker
-# would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as
-# "Kuiyu".  Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do:
-# https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 # This represents most of Ukraine.  See above for the spelling of "Kiev".
 Zone Europe/Kiev	2:02:04 -	LMT	1880
 			2:02:04	-	KMT	1924 May  2 # Kiev Mean Time

--- a/make/data/tzdata/factory
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/factory
@@ -31,5 +31,5 @@
 # time zone abbreviation "-00", indicating that the actual time zone
 # is unknown.
-# Zone	NAME	GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT
+# Zone	NAME	STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT
 Zone	Factory	0	-	-00
--- a/make/data/tzdata/northamerica
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/northamerica
--- a/make/data/tzdata/pacificnew
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/pacificnew
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 ## Rule	Twilite	XXXX	max	uspres	Nov	Sun>=7	2:00	0	S
 ## Rule	Twilite	XXXX	max	nonpres	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
-# Zone	NAME			GMTOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME			STDOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 ## Zone	America/Los_Angeles-PET	-8:00	US		P%sT	XXXX
 ##				-8:00	Twilite		P%sT

--- a/make/data/tzdata/southamerica
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/southamerica
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ Rule	Arg	2008	only	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	-
 # plus is that this silences a zic complaint that there's no POSIX TZ
 # setting for timestamps past 2038.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 #
 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
 Link America/Curacao America/Aruba
 # Bolivia
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/La_Paz	-4:32:36 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:32:36 -	CMT	1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
 			-4:32:36 1:00	BST	1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
@@ -943,14 +943,13 @@ Rule	Brazil	2012	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
 # removed Tocantins.
 Rule	Brazil	2013	2014	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Brazil	2015	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	2016	2022	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
+Rule	Brazil	2016	2019	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-18):
 # According to many media sources, next year's DST start in Brazil will move to
-# the first Sunday of November, and it will stay like that for the years after.
+# the first Sunday of November
 # ... https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-delays-dst-2018.html
 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-20):
 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2017/decreto/D9242.htm
-#
 # From Fábio Gomes (2018-10-04):
 # The Brazilian president just announced a new change on this year DST.
 # It was scheduled to start on November 4th and it was changed to November 18th.
@@ -958,22 +957,21 @@ Rule	Brazil	2016	2022	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
 # The Brazilian government just announced that the change in DST was
 # canceled....  Maybe the president Michel Temer also woke up one hour
 # earlier today. :)
-Rule	Brazil	2018	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
+Rule	Brazil	2018	only	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	-
-Rule	Brazil	2023	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
+# The last ruleset listed above says that the following states observed DST:
-Rule	Brazil	2024	2025	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	2026	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	2027	2033	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	2034	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	2035	2036	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Brazil	2037	only	-	Feb	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
-# From Arthur David Olson (2008-09-29):
-# The next is wrong in some years but is better than nothing.
-Rule	Brazil	2038	max	-	Feb	Sun>=15	0:00	0	-
-# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2019-04-05):
+# According to multiple sources the Brazilian president wants to get rid of DST.
+# https://gmconline.com.br/noticias/politica/bolsonaro-horario-de-verao-deve-acabar-este-ano
+# https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/04/05/governo-anuncia-fim-do-horario-de-verao.ghtml
+# From Marcus Diniz (2019-04-25):
+# Brazil no longer has DST changes - decree signed today
+# https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/04/25/bolsonaro-assina-decreto-que-acaba-com-o-horario-de-verao.ghtml
+# From Daniel Soares de Oliveira (2019-04-26):
+# http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2019-2022/2019/Decreto/D9772.htm
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 #
 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
 Zone America/Noronha	-2:09:40 -	LMT	1914
@@ -1281,6 +1279,8 @@ Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
 # https://twitter.com/MinEnergia/status/1029009354001973248
 # "We will keep the new time policy unchanged for at least the next 4 years."
 # So we extend the new rules on Saturdays at 24:00 mainland time indefinitely.
+# From Juan Correa (2019-02-04):
+# http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2018/11/23/42212/01/1498738.pdf
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Chile	1927	1931	-	Sep	 1	0:00	1:00	-
@@ -1321,7 +1321,7 @@ Rule	Chile	2019	max	-	Apr	Sun>=2	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	2019	max	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	-
 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Santiago	-4:42:46 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
 			-5:00	-	-05	1916 Jul  1
@@ -1370,7 +1370,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Easter	-7:17:28 -	LMT	1890
 # Palmer has followed Chile.  Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Palmer	0	-	-00	1965
 			-4:00	Arg	-04/-03	1969 Oct  5
 			-3:00	Arg	-03/-02	1982 May
@@ -1385,7 +1385,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Palmer	0	-	-00	1965
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	CO	1992	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	CO	1993	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:16 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
 			-4:56:16 -	BMT	1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
 			-5:00	CO	-05/-04
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:16 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
 # Netherlands as Kingdom Islands.  This won't affect their time zones
 # though, as far as we know.
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Curacao	-4:35:47 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
 			-4:30	-	-0430	1965
 			-4:00	-	AST
@@ -1446,7 +1446,7 @@ Link	America/Curacao	America/Kralendijk	# Caribbean Netherlands
 Rule	Ecuador	1992	only	-	Nov	28	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Ecuador	1993	only	-	Feb	 5	0:00	0	-
 #
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Guayaquil	-5:19:20 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:14:00 -	QMT	1931 # Quito Mean Time
 			-5:00	Ecuador	-05/-04
@@ -1549,7 +1549,7 @@ Rule	Falk	1985	2000	-	Sep	Sun>=9	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Falk	1986	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=16	0:00	0	-
 Rule	Falk	2001	2010	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
 Rule	Falk	2001	2010	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/Stanley	-3:51:24 -	LMT	1890
 			-3:51:24 -	SMT	1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
 			-4:00	Falk	-04/-03	1983 May
@@ -1558,13 +1558,13 @@ Zone Atlantic/Stanley	-3:51:24 -	LMT	1890
 			-3:00	-	-03
 # French Guiana
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Cayenne	-3:29:20 -	LMT	1911 Jul
 			-4:00	-	-04	1967 Oct
 			-3:00	-	-03
 # Guyana
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Guyana	-3:52:40 -	LMT	1915 Mar    # Georgetown
 			-3:45	-	-0345	1975 Jul 31
 			-3:00	-	-03	1991
@@ -1658,7 +1658,7 @@ Rule	Para	2010	2012	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/archivos/documentos/DECRETO1264_ey9r8zai.pdf
 Rule	Para	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Asuncion	-3:50:40 -	LMT	1890
 			-3:50:40 -	AMT	1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time
 			-4:00	-	-04	1972 Oct
@@ -1687,13 +1687,13 @@ Rule	Peru	1990	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
 Rule	Peru	1994	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	-
 Rule	Peru	1994	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Lima	-5:08:12 -	LMT	1890
 			-5:08:36 -	LMT	1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
 			-5:00	Peru	-05/-04
 # South Georgia
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -	LMT	1890 # Grytviken
 			-2:00	-	-02
@@ -1701,7 +1701,7 @@ Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -	LMT	1890 # Grytviken
 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
 # Suriname
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Paramaribo	-3:40:40 -	LMT	1911
 			-3:40:52 -	PMT	1935     # Paramaribo Mean Time
 			-3:40:36 -	PMT	1945 Oct    # The capital moved?
@@ -1709,7 +1709,7 @@ Zone America/Paramaribo	-3:40:40 -	LMT	1911
 			-3:00	-	-03
 # Trinidad and Tobago
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
 			-4:00	-	AST
@@ -1980,7 +1980,7 @@ Zone America/Montevideo	-3:44:51 -	LMT	1908 Jun 10
 # ... published in the official Gazette [2016-04-18], here:
 # http://historico.tsj.gob.ve/gaceta_ext/abril/1842016/E-1842016-4551.pdf
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	America/Caracas	-4:27:44 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:27:40 -	CMT	1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
 			-4:30	-	-0430	1965 Jan  1  0:00

--- a/make/data/tzdata/systemv
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/systemv
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Rule	SystemV	1975	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 Rule	SystemV	1976	max	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	SystemV	1976	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
-# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES/SAVE	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 ## Zone	SystemV/AST4ADT	-4:00	SystemV		A%sT
 ## Zone	SystemV/EST5EDT	-5:00	SystemV		E%sT
 ## Zone	SystemV/CST6CDT	-6:00	SystemV		C%sT

--- a/make/data/tzdata/zone.tab
+++ b/make/data/tzdata/zone.tab
@@ -355,7 +355,10 @@ RO	+4426+02606	Europe/Bucharest
 RS	+4450+02030	Europe/Belgrade
 RU	+5443+02030	Europe/Kaliningrad	MSK-01 - Kaliningrad
 RU	+554521+0373704	Europe/Moscow	MSK+00 - Moscow area
-RU	+4457+03406	Europe/Simferopol	MSK+00 - Crimea
+# The obsolescent zone.tab format cannot represent Europe/Simferopol well.
+# Put it in RU section and list as UA.  See "territorial claims" above.
+# Programs should use zone1970.tab instead; see above.
+UA	+4457+03406	Europe/Simferopol	MSK+00 - Crimea
 RU	+5836+04939	Europe/Kirov	MSK+00 - Kirov
 RU	+4621+04803	Europe/Astrakhan	MSK+01 - Astrakhan
 RU	+4844+04425	Europe/Volgograd	MSK+01 - Volgograd

--- a/src/share/classes/sun/util/calendar/ZoneInfoFile.java
+++ b/src/share/classes/sun/util/calendar/ZoneInfoFile.java
@@ -573,12 +573,8 @@ public final class ZoneInfoFile {
                    // we can then pass in the dom = -1, dow > 0 into ZoneInfo
                    //
                    // hacking, assume the >=24 is the result of ZRB optimization for
-                    // "last", it works for now. From tzdata2019a this hacking
+                    // "last", it works for now.
-                    // will not work for Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron which follow
+                    if (dom < 0 || dom >= 24) {
-                    // Palestine DST rules.
-                    if (dom < 0 || dom >= 24 &&
-                                   !(zoneId.equals("Asia/Gaza") ||
-                                     zoneId.equals("Asia/Hebron"))) {
                        params[1] = -1;
                        params[2] = toCalendarDOW[dow];
                    } else {
@@ -613,8 +609,6 @@ public final class ZoneInfoFile {
                dstSavings = (startRule.offsetAfter - startRule.offsetBefore) * 1000;
                // Note: known mismatching -> Asia/Amman
-                //                            Asia/Gaza
-                //                            Asia/Hebron
                // ZoneInfo :      startDayOfWeek=5     <= Thursday
                //                 startTime=86400000   <= 24 hours
                // This:           startDayOfWeek=6
@@ -623,18 +617,14 @@ public final class ZoneInfoFile {
                // its endDayOfWeek and endTime
                // Below is the workarounds, it probably slows down everyone a little
                if (params[2] == 6 && params[3] == 0 &&
-                    (zoneId.equals("Asia/Amman") ||
+                    (zoneId.equals("Asia/Amman"))) {
-                     zoneId.equals("Asia/Gaza") ||
-                     zoneId.equals("Asia/Hebron"))) {
                    params[2] = 5;
                    params[3] = 86400000;
                }
                // Additional check for startDayOfWeek=6 and starTime=86400000
-                // is needed for Asia/Amman; Asia/Gasa and Asia/Hebron
+                // is needed for Asia/Amman;
                if (params[2] == 7 && params[3] == 0 &&
-                     (zoneId.equals("Asia/Amman") ||
+                     (zoneId.equals("Asia/Amman"))) {
-                      zoneId.equals("Asia/Gaza") ||
-                      zoneId.equals("Asia/Hebron"))) {
                    params[2] = 6;        // Friday
                    params[3] = 86400000; // 24h
                }

--- a/test/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneTest.java
+++ b/test/java/util/TimeZone/TimeZoneTest.java
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@
 /*
 * @test
 * @bug 4028006 4044013 4096694 4107276 4107570 4112869 4130885 7039469 7126465 7158483
- *      8008577 8077685 8098547 8133321 8138716 8148446 8151876
+ *      8008577 8077685 8098547 8133321 8138716 8148446 8151876 8228469
- * @modules java.base/sun.util.resources
 * @library /java/text/testlib
 * @summary test TimeZone
 */
@@ -113,7 +112,7 @@ public class TimeZoneTest extends IntlTest
            new ZoneDescriptor("PRT", -240, false),
            new ZoneDescriptor("CNT", -210, true),
            new ZoneDescriptor("AGT", -180, false),
-            new ZoneDescriptor("BET", -180, true),
+            new ZoneDescriptor("BET", -180, false),
            // new ZoneDescriptor("CAT", -60, false), // Wrong:
            // As of bug 4130885, fix CAT (Central Africa)
            new ZoneDescriptor("CAT", 120, false), // Africa/Harare