Finalizer.java

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2008, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package java.lang.ref;

import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.security.AccessController;


final class Finalizer extends FinalReference { /* Package-private; must be in
                                                  same package as the Reference
                                                  class */

    /* A native method that invokes an arbitrary object's finalize method is
       required since the finalize method is protected
     */
    static native void invokeFinalizeMethod(Object o) throws Throwable;

    private static ReferenceQueue queue = new ReferenceQueue();
    private static Finalizer unfinalized = null;
    private static final Object lock = new Object();

    private Finalizer
        next = null,
        prev = null;

    private boolean hasBeenFinalized() {
        return (next == this);
    }

    private void add() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (unfinalized != null) {
                this.next = unfinalized;
                unfinalized.prev = this;
            }
            unfinalized = this;
        }
    }

    private void remove() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            if (unfinalized == this) {
                if (this.next != null) {
                    unfinalized = this.next;
                } else {
                    unfinalized = this.prev;
                }
            }
            if (this.next != null) {
                this.next.prev = this.prev;
            }
            if (this.prev != null) {
                this.prev.next = this.next;
            }
            this.next = this;   /* Indicates that this has been finalized */
            this.prev = this;
        }
    }

    private Finalizer(Object finalizee) {
        super(finalizee, queue);
        add();
    }

    /* Invoked by VM */
    static void register(Object finalizee) {
        new Finalizer(finalizee);
    }

    private void runFinalizer() {
        synchronized (this) {
            if (hasBeenFinalized()) return;
            remove();
        }
        try {
            Object finalizee = this.get();
            if (finalizee != null && !(finalizee instanceof java.lang.Enum)) {
                invokeFinalizeMethod(finalizee);
                /* Clear stack slot containing this variable, to decrease
                   the chances of false retention with a conservative GC */
                finalizee = null;
            }
        } catch (Throwable x) { }
        super.clear();
    }

    /* Create a privileged secondary finalizer thread in the system thread
       group for the given Runnable, and wait for it to complete.

       This method is used by both runFinalization and runFinalizersOnExit.
       The former method invokes all pending finalizers, while the latter
       invokes all uninvoked finalizers if on-exit finalization has been
       enabled.

       These two methods could have been implemented by offloading their work
       to the regular finalizer thread and waiting for that thread to finish.
       The advantage of creating a fresh thread, however, is that it insulates
       invokers of these methods from a stalled or deadlocked finalizer thread.
     */
    private static void forkSecondaryFinalizer(final Runnable proc) {
        AccessController.doPrivileged(
            new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
                public Void run() {
                ThreadGroup tg = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
                for (ThreadGroup tgn = tg;
                     tgn != null;
                     tg = tgn, tgn = tg.getParent());
                Thread sft = new Thread(tg, proc, "Secondary finalizer");
                sft.start();
                try {
                    sft.join();
                } catch (InterruptedException x) {
                    /* Ignore */
                }
                return null;
                }});
    }

    /* Called by Runtime.runFinalization() */
    static void runFinalization() {
        forkSecondaryFinalizer(new Runnable() {
            private volatile boolean running;
            public void run() {
                if (running)
                    return;
                running = true;
                for (;;) {
                    Finalizer f = (Finalizer)queue.poll();
                    if (f == null) break;
                    f.runFinalizer();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    /* Invoked by java.lang.Shutdown */
    static void runAllFinalizers() {
        forkSecondaryFinalizer(new Runnable() {
            private volatile boolean running;
            public void run() {
                if (running)
                    return;
                running = true;
                for (;;) {
                    Finalizer f;
                    synchronized (lock) {
                        f = unfinalized;
                        if (f == null) break;
                        unfinalized = f.next;
                    }
                    f.runFinalizer();
                }}});
    }

    private static class FinalizerThread extends Thread {
        private volatile boolean running;
        FinalizerThread(ThreadGroup g) {
            super(g, "Finalizer");
        }
        public void run() {
            if (running)
                return;
            running = true;
            for (;;) {
                try {
                    Finalizer f = (Finalizer)queue.remove();
                    f.runFinalizer();
                } catch (InterruptedException x) {
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    static {
        ThreadGroup tg = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
        for (ThreadGroup tgn = tg;
             tgn != null;
             tg = tgn, tgn = tg.getParent());
        Thread finalizer = new FinalizerThread(tg);
        finalizer.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY - 2);
        finalizer.setDaemon(true);
        finalizer.start();
    }

}