MacosxDebuggerLocal.m

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2002, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 *
 */

#include <objc/objc-runtime.h>
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <JavaNativeFoundation/JavaNativeFoundation.h>

#include <JavaVM/jni.h>

#import <mach/mach.h>
#import <mach/mach_types.h>
#import <sys/sysctl.h>
#import <stdio.h>
#import <stdarg.h>
#import <stdlib.h>
#import <strings.h>
#import <dlfcn.h>
#import <limits.h>
#import <errno.h>
#import <sys/types.h>
#import <sys/ptrace.h>
#include "libproc_impl.h"

#define UNSUPPORTED_ARCH "Unsupported architecture!"

#if defined(x86_64) && !defined(amd64)
#define amd64 1
#endif

#if amd64
#include "sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_amd64_AMD64ThreadContext.h"
#else
#error UNSUPPORTED_ARCH
#endif

static jfieldID symbolicatorID = 0; // set in _init0
static jfieldID taskID = 0; // set in _init0

static jfieldID p_ps_prochandle_ID = 0;
static jfieldID loadObjectList_ID = 0;
static jmethodID listAdd_ID = 0;

static jmethodID createClosestSymbol_ID = 0;
static jmethodID createLoadObject_ID = 0;
static jmethodID getJavaThreadsInfo_ID = 0;

// indicator if thread id (lwpid_t) was set
static bool _threads_filled = false;

static void putSymbolicator(JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, id symbolicator) {
  (*env)->SetLongField(env, this_obj, symbolicatorID, (jlong)(intptr_t)symbolicator);
}

static id getSymbolicator(JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj) {
  jlong ptr = (*env)->GetLongField(env, this_obj, symbolicatorID);
  return (id)(intptr_t)ptr;
}

static void putTask(JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, task_t task) {
  (*env)->SetLongField(env, this_obj, taskID, (jlong)task);
}

static task_t getTask(JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj) {
  jlong ptr = (*env)->GetLongField(env, this_obj, taskID);
  return (task_t)ptr;
}

#define CHECK_EXCEPTION_(value) if ((*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env)) { return value; }
#define CHECK_EXCEPTION if ((*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env)) { return;}
#define THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION_(str, value) { throw_new_debugger_exception(env, str); return value; }
#define THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION(str) { throw_new_debugger_exception(env, str); return;}
#define CHECK_EXCEPTION_CLEAR if ((*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env)) { (*env)->ExceptionClear(env); } 
#define CHECK_EXCEPTION_CLEAR_VOID if ((*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env)) { (*env)->ExceptionClear(env); return; } 
#define CHECK_EXCEPTION_CLEAR_(value) if ((*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env)) { (*env)->ExceptionClear(env); return value; } 

static void throw_new_debugger_exception(JNIEnv* env, const char* errMsg) {
  (*env)->ThrowNew(env, (*env)->FindClass(env, "sun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/DebuggerException"), errMsg);
}

static struct ps_prochandle* get_proc_handle(JNIEnv* env, jobject this_obj) {
  jlong ptr = (*env)->GetLongField(env, this_obj, p_ps_prochandle_ID);
  return (struct ps_prochandle*)(intptr_t)ptr;
}

#if defined(__i386__)
    #define hsdb_thread_state_t     x86_thread_state32_t
    #define hsdb_float_state_t      x86_float_state32_t
    #define HSDB_THREAD_STATE       x86_THREAD_STATE32
    #define HSDB_FLOAT_STATE        x86_FLOAT_STATE32
    #define HSDB_THREAD_STATE_COUNT x86_THREAD_STATE32_COUNT
    #define HSDB_FLOAT_STATE_COUNT  x86_FLOAT_STATE32_COUNT
#elif defined(__x86_64__)
    #define hsdb_thread_state_t     x86_thread_state64_t
    #define hsdb_float_state_t      x86_float_state64_t
    #define HSDB_THREAD_STATE       x86_THREAD_STATE64
    #define HSDB_FLOAT_STATE        x86_FLOAT_STATE64
    #define HSDB_THREAD_STATE_COUNT x86_THREAD_STATE64_COUNT
    #define HSDB_FLOAT_STATE_COUNT  x86_FLOAT_STATE64_COUNT
#else
    #error UNSUPPORTED_ARCH
#endif

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    init0
 * Signature: ()V
 */
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL 
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_init0(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls) {
  symbolicatorID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls, "symbolicator", "J");
  taskID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls, "task", "J");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;

  // for core file
  p_ps_prochandle_ID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls, "p_ps_prochandle", "J");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;
  loadObjectList_ID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls, "loadObjectList", "Ljava/util/List;");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;

  // methods we use
  createClosestSymbol_ID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "createClosestSymbol",
                    "(Ljava/lang/String;J)Lsun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/cdbg/ClosestSymbol;");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;
  createLoadObject_ID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "createLoadObject",
                    "(Ljava/lang/String;JJ)Lsun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/cdbg/LoadObject;");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;

  // java.util.List method we call
  jclass listClass = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/util/List");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;
  listAdd_ID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, listClass, "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;
  getJavaThreadsInfo_ID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "getJavaThreadsInfo",
                                                     "()[J");
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;

  init_libproc(getenv("LIBSAPROC_DEBUG") != NULL);
}

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_getAddressSize
  (JNIEnv *env, jclass cls)
{
#ifdef _LP64
  return 8;
#else
  #error UNSUPPORTED_ARCH
#endif
}

/** called by Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_lookupByName0 */
jlong lookupByNameIncore(
  JNIEnv *env, struct ps_prochandle *ph, jobject this_obj, jstring objectName, jstring symbolName)
{
  const char *objectName_cstr, *symbolName_cstr;
  jlong addr;
  jboolean isCopy;
  objectName_cstr = NULL;
  if (objectName != NULL) {
    objectName_cstr = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, objectName, &isCopy);
    CHECK_EXCEPTION_(0);
  }
  symbolName_cstr = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, symbolName, &isCopy);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(0);

  print_debug("look for %s \n", symbolName_cstr);
  addr = (jlong) lookup_symbol(ph, objectName_cstr, symbolName_cstr);

  if (objectName_cstr != NULL) {
    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, objectName, objectName_cstr);
  }
  (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, symbolName, symbolName_cstr);
  return addr;
}

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    lookupByName0
 * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)J
 */
JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL 
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_lookupByName0(
  JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, 
  jstring objectName, jstring symbolName) 
{
  struct ps_prochandle* ph = get_proc_handle(env, this_obj);
  if (ph->core != NULL) {
    return lookupByNameIncore(env, ph, this_obj, objectName, symbolName);
  }

  jlong address = 0;

JNF_COCOA_ENTER(env);
  NSString *symbolNameString = JNFJavaToNSString(env, symbolName);

  print_debug("lookupInProcess called for %s\n", [symbolNameString UTF8String]);

  id symbolicator = getSymbolicator(env, this_obj);
  if (symbolicator != nil) {
    uint64_t (*dynamicCall)(id, SEL, NSString *) = (uint64_t (*)(id, SEL, NSString *))&objc_msgSend;
    address = (jlong) dynamicCall(symbolicator, @selector(addressForSymbol:), symbolNameString);
  }

  print_debug("address of symbol %s = %llx\n", [symbolNameString UTF8String], address);
JNF_COCOA_EXIT(env);

  return address;
}

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    lookupByAddress0
 * Signature: (J)Lsun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/cdbg/ClosestSymbol;
 */
JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_lookupByAddress0
  (JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, jlong addr) {
  uintptr_t offset;
  const char* sym = NULL;

  struct ps_prochandle* ph = get_proc_handle(env, this_obj);
  sym = symbol_for_pc(ph, (uintptr_t) addr, &offset);
  if (sym == NULL) return 0;
  return (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, this_obj, createClosestSymbol_ID,
                          (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, sym), (jlong)offset);
}

/** called from Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_readBytesFromProcess0 */
jbyteArray readBytesFromCore(
  JNIEnv *env, struct ps_prochandle *ph, jobject this_obj, jlong addr, jlong numBytes)
{
  jboolean isCopy;
  jbyteArray array;
  jbyte *bufPtr;
  ps_err_e err;

  array = (*env)->NewByteArray(env, numBytes);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(0);
  bufPtr = (*env)->GetByteArrayElements(env, array, &isCopy);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(0);

  err = ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) (uintptr_t)addr, bufPtr, numBytes);
  (*env)->ReleaseByteArrayElements(env, array, bufPtr, 0);
  return (err == PS_OK)? array : 0;
}

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    readBytesFromProcess0
 * Signature: (JJ)Lsun/jvm/hotspot/debugger/ReadResult;
 */
JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_readBytesFromProcess0(
  JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, 
  jlong addr, jlong numBytes) 
{
  print_debug("readBytesFromProcess called. addr = %llx numBytes = %lld\n", addr, numBytes);

  // must allocate storage instead of using former parameter buf
  jbyteArray array;

  struct ps_prochandle* ph = get_proc_handle(env, this_obj);
  if (ph->core != NULL) {
    return readBytesFromCore(env, ph, this_obj, addr, numBytes);
  }

  array = (*env)->NewByteArray(env, numBytes);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(0);

  unsigned long alignedAddress;
  unsigned long alignedLength = 0;
  kern_return_t result;
  vm_offset_t *pages;
  int *mapped;
  long pageCount;
  uint byteCount;
  int i;
  unsigned long remaining;

  alignedAddress = trunc_page(addr);
  if (addr != alignedAddress) {
    alignedLength += addr - alignedAddress;
  }
  alignedLength = round_page(numBytes);
  pageCount = alignedLength/vm_page_size;

  // Allocate storage for pages and flags.
  pages = malloc(pageCount * sizeof(vm_offset_t));
  mapped = calloc(pageCount, sizeof(int));

  task_t gTask = getTask(env, this_obj);
  // Try to read each of the pages.
  for (i = 0; i < pageCount; i++) {
    result = vm_read(gTask, alignedAddress + i*vm_page_size, vm_page_size, 
		     &pages[i], &byteCount);
    mapped[i] = (result == KERN_SUCCESS); 
    // assume all failures are unmapped pages
  }

  print_debug("%ld pages\n", pageCount);
	
  remaining = numBytes;
	
  for (i = 0; i < pageCount; i++) {
    unsigned long len = vm_page_size;
    unsigned long start = 0;

    if (i == 0) {
      start = addr - alignedAddress;
      len = vm_page_size - start;
    }

    if (i == (pageCount - 1)) {
      len = remaining;
    }

    if (mapped[i]) {
      print_debug("page %d mapped (len %ld start %ld)\n", i, len, start);
      (*env)->SetByteArrayRegion(env, array, 0, len, ((jbyte *) pages[i] + start));
      vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), pages[i], vm_page_size);
    }

    remaining -= len;
  }

  free (pages);
  free (mapped);
  return array;
}

/** Only used for core file reading, set thread_id for threads which is got after core file parsed.
  * Thread context is available in Mach-O core file but thread id is not. We can get thread id
  * from Threads which store all java threads information when they are created. Here we can identify
  * them as java threads by checking if a thread's rsp or rbp within a java thread's stack.
  * Note Macosx uses unique_thread_id which is different from other platforms though printed ids
  * are still pthread id. Function BsdDebuggerLocal.getJavaThreadsInfo returns an array of long
  * integers to host all java threads' id, stack_start, stack_end as:
  * [uid0, stack_start0, stack_end0, uid1, stack_start1, stack_end1, ...]
  *
  * The work cannot be done at init0 since Threads is not available yet(VM not initialized yet). 
  * This function should be called only once if succeeded
  */ 
bool fill_java_threads(JNIEnv* env, jobject this_obj, struct ps_prochandle* ph) {
  int n = 0, i = 0, j;
  struct reg regs;
  
  jlongArray thrinfos = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, this_obj, getJavaThreadsInfo_ID);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(false);
  int len = (int)(*env)->GetArrayLength(env, thrinfos);
  uint64_t* cinfos = (uint64_t *)(*env)->GetLongArrayElements(env, thrinfos, NULL);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(false); 
  n = get_num_threads(ph);
  print_debug("fill_java_threads called, num_of_thread = %d\n", n);
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    if (!get_nth_lwp_regs(ph, i, &regs)) {
      print_debug("Could not get regs of thread %d, already set!\n", i);
      return false;
    }
    for (j = 0; j < len; j += 3) {
      lwpid_t  uid = cinfos[j];
      uint64_t beg = cinfos[j + 1];
      uint64_t end = cinfos[j + 2]; 
      if ((regs.r_rsp < end && regs.r_rsp >= beg) ||
          (regs.r_rbp < end && regs.r_rbp >= beg)) {
        set_lwp_id(ph, i, uid);
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  (*env)->ReleaseLongArrayElements(env, thrinfos, (jlong*)cinfos, 0);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(false);
  return true;
}

/* For core file only, called from
 * Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_getThreadIntegerRegisterSet0
 */
jlongArray getThreadIntegerRegisterSetFromCore(JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, long lwp_id) {
  if (!_threads_filled)  {
    if (!fill_java_threads(env, this_obj, get_proc_handle(env, this_obj))) {
      throw_new_debugger_exception(env, "Failed to fill in threads");
      return 0;
    } else {
      _threads_filled = true;
    }
  }

  struct reg gregs;
  jboolean isCopy;
  jlongArray array;
  jlong *regs;

  struct ps_prochandle* ph = get_proc_handle(env, this_obj);
  if (get_lwp_regs(ph, lwp_id, &gregs) != true) {
    THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION_("get_thread_regs failed for a lwp", 0);
  }

#undef NPRGREG
#undef REG_INDEX
#if amd64
#define NPRGREG sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_amd64_AMD64ThreadContext_NPRGREG
#define REG_INDEX(reg) sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_amd64_AMD64ThreadContext_##reg

  array = (*env)->NewLongArray(env, NPRGREG);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(0);
  regs = (*env)->GetLongArrayElements(env, array, &isCopy);

  regs[REG_INDEX(R15)] = gregs.r_r15;
  regs[REG_INDEX(R14)] = gregs.r_r14;
  regs[REG_INDEX(R13)] = gregs.r_r13;
  regs[REG_INDEX(R12)] = gregs.r_r12;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RBP)] = gregs.r_rbp;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RBX)] = gregs.r_rbx;
  regs[REG_INDEX(R11)] = gregs.r_r11;
  regs[REG_INDEX(R10)] = gregs.r_r10;
  regs[REG_INDEX(R9)]  = gregs.r_r9;
  regs[REG_INDEX(R8)]  = gregs.r_r8;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RAX)] = gregs.r_rax;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RCX)] = gregs.r_rcx;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RDX)] = gregs.r_rdx;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RSI)] = gregs.r_rsi;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RDI)] = gregs.r_rdi;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RIP)] = gregs.r_rip;
  regs[REG_INDEX(CS)]  = gregs.r_cs;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RSP)] = gregs.r_rsp;
  regs[REG_INDEX(SS)]  = gregs.r_ss;
  regs[REG_INDEX(FSBASE)] = 0;
  regs[REG_INDEX(GSBASE)] = 0;
  regs[REG_INDEX(DS)] = gregs.r_ds;
  regs[REG_INDEX(ES)] = gregs.r_es;
  regs[REG_INDEX(FS)] = gregs.r_fs;
  regs[REG_INDEX(GS)] = gregs.r_gs;
  regs[REG_INDEX(TRAPNO)] = gregs.r_trapno;
  regs[REG_INDEX(RFL)]    = gregs.r_rflags;

#endif /* amd64 */
  (*env)->ReleaseLongArrayElements(env, array, regs, JNI_COMMIT);
  return array;
}

/*
 * Lookup the thread_t that corresponds to the given thread_id.
 * The thread_id should be the result from calling thread_info() with THREAD_IDENTIFIER_INFO
 * and reading the m_ident_info.thread_id returned.
 * The returned thread_t is the mach send right to the kernel port for the corresponding thread.
 *
 * We cannot simply use the OSThread._thread_id field in the JVM. This is set to ::mach_thread_self()
 * in the VM, but that thread port is not valid for a remote debugger to access the thread.
 */
thread_t
lookupThreadFromThreadId(task_t task, jlong thread_id) {
  print_debug("lookupThreadFromThreadId thread_id=0x%llx\n", thread_id);
  
  thread_array_t thread_list = NULL;
  mach_msg_type_number_t thread_list_count = 0;
  thread_t result_thread = 0;
  int i;
  
  // get the list of all the send rights
  kern_return_t result = task_threads(task, &thread_list, &thread_list_count);
  if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
    print_debug("task_threads returned 0x%x\n", result);
    return 0;
  }
  
  for(i = 0 ; i < thread_list_count; i++) {
    thread_identifier_info_data_t m_ident_info;
    mach_msg_type_number_t count = THREAD_IDENTIFIER_INFO_COUNT;

    // get the THREAD_IDENTIFIER_INFO for the send right
    result = thread_info(thread_list[i], THREAD_IDENTIFIER_INFO, (thread_info_t) &m_ident_info, &count);
    if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
      print_debug("thread_info returned 0x%x\n", result);
      break;
    }
    
    // if this is the one we're looking for, return the send right
    if (thread_id == m_ident_info.thread_id)
    {
      result_thread = thread_list[i];
      break;
    }
  }
  
  vm_size_t thread_list_size = (vm_size_t) (thread_list_count * sizeof (thread_t));
  vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t) thread_list, thread_list_count);
  
  return result_thread;
}


/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    getThreadIntegerRegisterSet0
 * Signature: (J)[J
 */
JNIEXPORT jlongArray JNICALL 
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_getThreadIntegerRegisterSet0(
  JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, 
  jlong thread_id) 
{
  print_debug("getThreadRegisterSet0 called\n");

  struct ps_prochandle* ph = get_proc_handle(env, this_obj);
  if (ph->core != NULL) {
    return getThreadIntegerRegisterSetFromCore(env, this_obj, thread_id);
  }

  kern_return_t result;
  thread_t tid;
  mach_msg_type_number_t count = HSDB_THREAD_STATE_COUNT;
  hsdb_thread_state_t state;
  jlongArray registerArray;
  jlong *primitiveArray;
  task_t gTask = getTask(env, this_obj);

  tid = lookupThreadFromThreadId(gTask, thread_id);

  result = thread_get_state(tid, HSDB_THREAD_STATE, (thread_state_t)&state, &count);

  if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
    print_error("getregs: thread_get_state(%d) failed (%d)\n", tid, result);
    return NULL;
  }

#if amd64
#define NPRGREG sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_amd64_AMD64ThreadContext_NPRGREG
#undef REG_INDEX
#define REG_INDEX(reg) sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_amd64_AMD64ThreadContext_##reg

  // 64 bit
  print_debug("Getting threads for a 64-bit process\n");
  registerArray = (*env)->NewLongArray(env, NPRGREG);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION_(0);
  primitiveArray = (*env)->GetLongArrayElements(env, registerArray, NULL);

  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R15)] = state.__r15;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R14)] = state.__r14;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R13)] = state.__r13;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R12)] = state.__r12;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R11)] = state.__r11;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R10)] = state.__r10;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R9)]  = state.__r9;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(R8)]  = state.__r8;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RDI)] = state.__rdi;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RSI)] = state.__rsi;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RBP)] = state.__rbp;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RBX)] = state.__rbx;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RDX)] = state.__rdx;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RCX)] = state.__rcx;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RAX)] = state.__rax;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(TRAPNO)] = 0;            // trapno, not used
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(ERR)]    = 0;            // err, not used 
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RIP)] = state.__rip;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(CS)]  = state.__cs;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RFL)] = state.__rflags;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(RSP)] = state.__rsp;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(SS)] = 0;                // We don't have SS
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(FS)] = state.__fs;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(GS)] = state.__gs;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(ES)] = 0;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(DS)] = 0;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(FSBASE)] = 0;
  primitiveArray[REG_INDEX(GSBASE)] = 0;
  print_debug("set registers\n");

  (*env)->ReleaseLongArrayElements(env, registerArray, primitiveArray, 0);

#else
#error UNSUPPORTED_ARCH
#endif /* amd64 */

  return registerArray;
}

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    translateTID0
 * Signature: (I)I
 */
JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_macosx_MacOSXDebuggerLocal_translateTID0(
  JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, jint tid) 
{
  print_debug("translateTID0 called on tid = 0x%x\n", (int)tid);

  kern_return_t result;
  thread_t foreign_tid, usable_tid;
  mach_msg_type_name_t type;
  
  foreign_tid = tid;
    
  task_t gTask = getTask(env, this_obj);
  result = mach_port_extract_right(gTask, foreign_tid, 
				   MACH_MSG_TYPE_COPY_SEND, 
				   &usable_tid, &type);
  if (result != KERN_SUCCESS)
    return -1;
    
  print_debug("translateTID0: 0x%x -> 0x%x\n", foreign_tid, usable_tid);
    
  return (jint) usable_tid;
}


static bool ptrace_continue(pid_t pid, int signal) {
  // pass the signal to the process so we don't swallow it
  int res;
  if ((res = ptrace(PT_CONTINUE, pid, (caddr_t)1, signal)) < 0) {
    print_error("attach: ptrace(PT_CONTINUE, %d) failed with %d\n", pid, res);
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

// waits until the ATTACH has stopped the process
// by signal SIGSTOP
static bool ptrace_waitpid(pid_t pid) {
  int ret;
  int status;
  while (true) {
    // Wait for debuggee to stop.
    ret = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
    if (ret >= 0) {
      if (WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
        // Any signal will stop the thread, make sure it is SIGSTOP. Otherwise SIGSTOP
        // will still be pending and delivered when the process is DETACHED and the process
        // will go to sleep.
        if (WSTOPSIG(status) == SIGSTOP) {
          // Debuggee stopped by SIGSTOP.
          return true;
        }
        if (!ptrace_continue(pid, WSTOPSIG(status))) {
          print_error("attach: Failed to correctly attach to VM. VM might HANG! [PTRACE_CONT failed, stopped by %d]\n", WSTOPSIG(status));
          return false;
        }
      } else {
        print_error("attach: waitpid(): Child process exited/terminated (status = 0x%x)\n", status);
        return false;
      }
    } else {
      switch (errno) {
        case EINTR:
          continue;
          break;
        case ECHILD:
          print_error("attach: waitpid() failed. Child process pid (%d) does not exist \n", pid);
          break;
        case EINVAL:
          print_error("attach: waitpid() failed. Invalid options argument.\n");
          break;
        default:
          print_error("attach: waitpid() failed. Unexpected error %d\n",errno);
          break;
      }
      return false;
    }
  }
}

// attach to a process/thread specified by "pid"
static bool ptrace_attach(pid_t pid) {
  int res;
  if ((res = ptrace(PT_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0)) < 0) {
    print_error("ptrace(PT_ATTACH, %d) failed with %d\n", pid, res);
    return false;
  } else {
    return ptrace_waitpid(pid);
  }
}

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    attach0
 * Signature: (I)V
 */
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_attach0__I(
  JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, jint jpid)
{
  print_debug("attach0 called for jpid=%d\n", (int)jpid);

JNF_COCOA_ENTER(env);

  kern_return_t result;
  task_t gTask = 0;
  result = task_for_pid(mach_task_self(), jpid, &gTask);
  if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
    print_error("attach: task_for_pid(%d) failed (%d)\n", (int)jpid, result);
    THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION("Can't attach to the process");
  }
  putTask(env, this_obj, gTask);

  // use ptrace to stop the process
  // on os x, ptrace only needs to be called on the process, not the individual threads
  if (ptrace_attach(jpid) != true) {
    mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), gTask);
    THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION("Can't attach to the process");
  }

  id symbolicator = nil;
  id jrsSymbolicator = objc_lookUpClass("JRSSymbolicator");
  if (jrsSymbolicator != nil) {
    id (*dynamicCall)(id, SEL, pid_t) = (id (*)(id, SEL, pid_t))&objc_msgSend;
    symbolicator = dynamicCall(jrsSymbolicator, @selector(symbolicatorForPid:), (pid_t)jpid);
  }
  if (symbolicator != nil) {
    CFRetain(symbolicator); // pin symbolicator while in java heap
  }

  putSymbolicator(env, this_obj, symbolicator);
  if (symbolicator == nil) {
    THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION("Can't attach symbolicator to the process");
  }

JNF_COCOA_EXIT(env);
}

/** For core file, 
    called from Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_attach0__Ljava_lang_String_2Ljava_lang_String_2 */
static void fillLoadObjects(JNIEnv* env, jobject this_obj, struct ps_prochandle* ph) {
  int n = 0, i = 0;

  // add load objects
  n = get_num_libs(ph);
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     uintptr_t base;
     const char* name;
     jobject loadObject;
     jobject loadObjectList;

     base = get_lib_base(ph, i);
     name = get_lib_name(ph, i);
     loadObject = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, this_obj, createLoadObject_ID,
                                   (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, name), (jlong)0, (jlong)base);
     CHECK_EXCEPTION;
     loadObjectList = (*env)->GetObjectField(env, this_obj, loadObjectList_ID);
     CHECK_EXCEPTION;
     (*env)->CallBooleanMethod(env, loadObjectList, listAdd_ID, loadObject);
     CHECK_EXCEPTION;
  }
}

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    attach0
 * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V
 */
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_attach0__Ljava_lang_String_2Ljava_lang_String_2(
  JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj, jstring execName, jstring coreName)
{
  const char *execName_cstr;
  const char *coreName_cstr;
  jboolean isCopy;
  struct ps_prochandle* ph;

  execName_cstr = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, execName, &isCopy);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;
  coreName_cstr = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, coreName, &isCopy);
  CHECK_EXCEPTION;

  print_debug("attach: %s %s\n", execName_cstr, coreName_cstr);

  if ( (ph = Pgrab_core(execName_cstr, coreName_cstr)) == NULL) {
    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, execName, execName_cstr);
    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, coreName, coreName_cstr);
    THROW_NEW_DEBUGGER_EXCEPTION("Can't attach to the core file");
  }
  (*env)->SetLongField(env, this_obj, p_ps_prochandle_ID, (jlong)(intptr_t)ph);
  (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, execName, execName_cstr);
  (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, coreName, coreName_cstr);
  fillLoadObjects(env, this_obj, ph);
}

/*
 * Class:     sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal
 * Method:    detach0
 * Signature: ()V
 */
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_bsd_BsdDebuggerLocal_detach0(
  JNIEnv *env, jobject this_obj)
{
  print_debug("detach0 called\n");
  struct ps_prochandle* ph = get_proc_handle(env, this_obj);
  if (ph != NULL && ph->core != NULL) {
     Prelease(ph);
     return;
  }
JNF_COCOA_ENTER(env);
  task_t gTask = getTask(env, this_obj);

  // detach from the ptraced process causing it to resume execution
  int pid;
  kern_return_t k_res;
  k_res = pid_for_task(gTask, &pid);
  if (k_res != KERN_SUCCESS) {
    print_error("detach: pid_for_task(%d) failed (%d)\n", pid, k_res);
  }
  else {
    int res = ptrace(PT_DETACH, pid, 0, 0);
    if (res < 0) {
      print_error("detach: ptrace(PT_DETACH, %d) failed (%d)\n", pid, res);
    }
  }

  mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), gTask);
  id symbolicator = getSymbolicator(env, this_obj);
  if (symbolicator != nil) {
    CFRelease(symbolicator);
  }
JNF_COCOA_EXIT(env);
}