We don't care about program event recording irqs (synchronous
program irqs) but asynchronous irqs when checking for disabled
wait. Machine checks were missing.

Let's directly switch to the functions we have for that purpose
instead of testing once again for magic bits.
Reviewed-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

the float int structure is no longer used in __inject_vm.
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

If the host has STP enabled, the TOD of the host will be changed during
synchronization phases. These are performed during a stop_machine() call.

As the guest TOD is based on the host TOD, we have to make sure that:
- no VCPU is in the SIE (implicitly guaranteed via stop_machine())
- manual guest TOD calculations are not affected

"Epoch" is the guest TOD clock delta to the host TOD clock. We have to
adjust that value during the STP synchronization and make sure that code
that accesses the epoch won't get interrupted in between (via disabling
preemption).
Signed-off-by: NFan Zhang <zhangfan@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

This patch adds names for missing irq types to the trace events.
In order to identify adapter irqs, the define is moved from
interrupt.c to the other basic irq defines in uapi/linux/kvm.h.
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

This reworks the debug logging for interrupt related logs.
Several changes:
- unify program int/irq
- improve decoding (e.g. use mcic instead of parm64 for machine
  check injection)
- remove useless interrupt type number (the name is enough)
- rename "interrupt:" to "deliver:" as the other side is called "inject"
- use log level 3 for state changing and/or seldom events (like machine
  checks, restart..)
- use log level 4 for frequent events
- use 0x prefix for hex numbers
- add pfault done logging
- move some tracing outside spinlock
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

The "from user"/"from kernel" part of the log/trace messages is not
always correct anymore and therefore not really helpful.

Let's remove that part from the log + trace messages. For program
interrupts, we can now move the logging/tracing part into the real
injection function, as already done for the other injection functions.
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

SPX (SET PREFIX)  and SIGP (Set prefix) can change the prefix
register of a CPU. As sigp set prefix may be handled in user
space (KVM_CAP_S390_USER_SIGP), we would not log the changes
triggered via SIGP in that case. Let's have just one VCPU_EVENT
at the central location that tracks prefix changes.
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Replace the deprecated atomic_{set,clear}_mask() usage with the now
ubiquous atomic_{or,andnot}() functions.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

commit 6d3da241 ("KVM: s390: deliver floating interrupts in order
of priority") introduced a regression for the reset handling.

We don't clear the bitmap of pending floating interrupts
and interrupt parameters. This could result in stale interrupts
even after a reset. Let's fix this by clearing the pending bitmap
and the parameters for service and machine check interrupts.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.1
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NPaolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

Let's unify basic access to sclp fields by storing the data in an external
struct in asm/sclp.h.

The values can now directly be accessed by other components, so there is
no need for most accessor functions and external variables anymore.

The mtid, mtid_max and facility part will be cleaned up separately.
Acked-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

This patch factors out the search for a floating irq destination
VCPU as well as the kicking of the found VCPU. The search is optimized
in the following ways:

1. stopped VCPUs can't take any floating interrupts, so try to find an
   operating one. We have to take care of the special case where all
   VCPUs are stopped and we don't have any valid destination.

2. use online_vcpus, not KVM_MAX_VCPU. This speeds up the search
   especially if KVM_MAX_VCPU is increased one day. As these VCPU
   objects are initialized prior to increasing online_vcpus, we can be
   sure that they exist.
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDominik Dingel <dingel@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

We can avoid checking guest control registers and guest PSW as well
as all the masking and calculations on the interrupt masks when
no interrupts are pending.

Also, the check for IRQ_PEND_COUNT can be removed, because we won't
enter the while loop if no interrupts are pending and invalid interrupt
types can't be injected.
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDominik Dingel <dingel@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

Commit ea5f4969 ("KVM: s390: only one external call may be pending
at a time") introduced a bug on machines that don't have SIGP
interpretation facility installed.
The injection of an external call will now always fail with -EBUSY
(if none is already pending).

This leads to the following symptoms:
- An external call will be injected but with the wrong "src cpu id",
  as this id will not be remembered.
- The target vcpu will not be woken up, therefore the guest will hang if
  it cannot deal with unexpected failures of the SIGP EXTERNAL CALL
  instruction.
- If an external call is already pending, -EBUSY will not be reported.
Reviewed-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.0
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

This patch adds support to migrate vcpu interrupts. Two new vcpu ioctls
are added which get/set the complete status of pending interrupts in one
go. The ioctls are marked as available with the new capability
KVM_CAP_S390_IRQ_STATE.

We can not use a ONEREG, as the number of pending local interrupts is not
constant and depends on the number of CPUs.

To retrieve the interrupt state we add an ioctl KVM_S390_GET_IRQ_STATE.
Its input parameter is a pointer to a struct kvm_s390_irq_state which
has a buffer and length.  For all currently pending interrupts, we copy
a struct kvm_s390_irq into the buffer and pass it to userspace.

To store interrupt state into a buffer provided by userspace, we add an
ioctl KVM_S390_SET_IRQ_STATE. It passes a struct kvm_s390_irq_state into
the kernel and injects all interrupts contained in the buffer.
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>

Let's provide a version of kvm_s390_inject_vcpu() that
does not acquire the local-interrupt lock and skips
waking up the vcpu.
To be used in a later patch for vcpu-local interrupt migration,
where we are already holding the lock.
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>

We now have a mechanism for delivering interrupts according to their priority.

Let's inject them using our new infrastructure (instead of letting only hardware
handle them), so we can be sure that the irq priorities are satisfied.

For s390, the cpu timer and the clock comparator are to be checked for common
code kvm_cpu_has_pending_timer(), although the cpu timer is only stepped when
the guest is being executed.
Reviewed-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>

This patch makes interrupt handling compliant to the z/Architecture
Principles of Operation with regard to interrupt priorities.

Add a bitmap for pending floating interrupts. Each bit relates to a
interrupt type and its list. A turned on bit indicates that a list
contains items (interrupts) which need to be delivered.  When delivering
interrupts on a cpu we can merge the existing bitmap for cpu-local
interrupts and floating interrupts and have a single mechanism for
delivery.
Currently we have one list for all kinds of floating interrupts and a
corresponding spin lock. This patch adds a separate list per
interrupt type. An exception to this are service signal and machine check
interrupts, as there can be only one pending interrupt at a time.
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>

This fixes a bug introduced with commit c05c4186 ("KVM: s390:
add floating irq controller").

get_all_floating_irqs() does copy_to_user() while holding
a spin lock. Let's fix this by filling a temporary buffer
first and copy it to userspace after giving up the lock.

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.18+: 69a8d456 KVM: s390: no need to hold...
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>

If the PER-3 facility is installed, the breaking-event address is to be
stored in the low core.

There is no facility bit for PER-3 in stfl(e) and Linux always uses the
value at address 272 no matter if PER-3 is available or not.
We can't hide its existence from the guest. All program interrupts
injected via the SIE automatically store this information if the PER-3
facility is available in the hypervisor. Also the itdb contains the
address automatically.

As there is no switch to turn this mechanism off, let's simply make it
consistent and also store the breaking event address in case of manual
program interrupt injection.
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>

Store additional status in the machine check handler, in order to
collect status (such as vector registers) that is not defined by
store status.
Signed-off-by: NEric Farman <farman@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NThomas Huth <thuth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

A new exception type for vector instructions is introduced with
the new processor, but is handled exactly like a Data Exception
which is already handled by the system.
Signed-off-by: NEric Farman <farman@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

The common s390 function insn_length() results in slightly smaller
(and thus hopefully faster) code than the calculation of the
instruction length via a lookup-table. So let's use that function
in the interrupt delivery code, too.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Huth <thuth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

When certain program exceptions (e.g. DAT access exceptions) occur,
the current instruction has to be nullified, i.e. the old PSW that
gets written into the low-core has to point to the beginning of the
instruction again, and not to the beginning of the next instruction.
Thus we have to rewind the PSW before writing it into the low-core.
The list of nullifying exceptions can be found in the POP, chapter 6,
figure 6-1 ("Interruption Action").
Signed-off-by: NThomas Huth <thuth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

The reinjection of an I/O interrupt can fail if the list is at the limit
and between the dequeue and the reinjection, another I/O interrupt is
injected (e.g. if user space floods kvm with I/O interrupts).

This patch avoids this memory leak and returns -EFAULT in this special
case. This error is not recoverable, so let's fail hard. This can later
be avoided by not dequeuing the interrupt but working directly on the
locked list.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.16+
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

If a vm with no VCPUs is created, the injection of a floating irq
leads to an endless loop in the kernel.

Let's skip the search for a destination VCPU for a floating irq if no
VCPUs were created.
Reviewed-by: NDominik Dingel <dingel@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.15+
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

Setting inti->type again is unnecessary here, so let's
remove this.
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

When we convert interrupt data from struct kvm_s390_interrupt to
struct kvm_s390_irq we need to check the data in the input parameter
not the output parameter.
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

We have to delete the allocated interrupt info if __inject_vm() fails.

Otherwise user space can keep flooding kvm with floating interrupts and
provoke more and more memory leaks.
Reported-by: NDominik Dingel <dingel@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDominik Dingel <dingel@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.15+
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

When injecting SIGP set prefix or a machine check, we trace
the values in our per-vcpu local_int data structure instead
of the parameters passed to the function.

Fix this by changing the trace statement to use the correct values.
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

Currently we are always setting the wrong bit in the
bitmap for pending emergency signals. Instead of using
emerg.code from the passed in irq parameter, we use the
value in our per-vcpu local_int structure, which is always zero.
That means all emergency signals will have address 0 as parameter.
If two CPUs send a SIGP to the same target, one might be lost.

Let's fix this by using the value from the parameter and
also trace the correct value.
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

The kvm mutex was (probably) used to protect against cpu hotplug.
The current code no longer needs to protect against that, as we only
rely on CPU data structures that are guaranteed to be available
if we can access the CPU. (e.g. vcpu_create will put the cpu
in the array AFTER the cpu is ready).
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Only one external call may be pending at a vcpu at a time. For this
reason, we have to detect whether the SIGP externcal call interpretation
facility is available. If so, all external calls have to be injected
using this mechanism.

SIGP EXTERNAL CALL orders have to return whether another external
call is already pending. This check was missing until now.

SIGP SENSE hasn't returned yet in all conditions whether an external
call was pending.

If a SIGP EXTERNAL CALL irq is to be injected and one is already
pending, -EBUSY is returned.
Reviewed-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

This patch cleanes up the the SIGP SET PREFIX code.

A SIGP SET PREFIX irq may only be injected if the target vcpu is
stopped. Let's move the checking code into the injection code and
return -EBUSY if the target vcpu is not stopped.
Reviewed-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

As a SIGP STOP is an interrupt with the least priority, it may only result
in stop of the vcpu when no other interrupts are left pending.

To detect whether a non-stop irq is pending, we need a way to mask out
stop irqs from the general kvm_cpu_has_interrupt() function. For this
reason, the existing function (with an outdated name) is replaced by
kvm_s390_vcpu_has_irq() which allows to mask out pending stop irqs.
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

This patch removes the famous action_bits and moves the handling of
SIGP STOP AND STORE STATUS directly into the SIGP STOP interrupt.

The new local interrupt infrastructure is used to track pending stop
requests.

STOP irqs are the only irqs that don't get actively delivered. They
remain pending until the stop function is executed (=stop intercept).

If another STOP irq is already pending, -EBUSY will now be returned
(needed for the SIGP handling code).

Migration of pending SIGP STOP (AND STORE STATUS) orders should now
be supported out of the box.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

In order to get rid of the action_flags and to properly migrate pending SIGP
STOP irqs triggered e.g. by SIGP STOP AND STORE STATUS, we need to remember
whether to store the status when stopping.

For this reason, a new parameter (flags) for the SIGP STOP irq is introduced.
These flags further define details of the requested STOP and can be easily
migrated.
Reviewed-by: NThomas Huth <thuth@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

Patch 0759d068 ("KVM: s390: cleanup handle_wait by reusing
kvm_vcpu_block") changed the way pending guest clock comparator
interrupts are detected. It was assumed that as soon as the hrtimer
wakes up, the condition for the guest ckc is satisfied.

This is however only true as long as adjclock() doesn't speed
up the monotonic clock. Reason is that the hrtimer is based on
CLOCK_MONOTONIC, the guest clock comparator detection is based
on the raw TOD clock. If CLOCK_MONOTONIC runs faster than the
TOD clock, the hrtimer wakes the target VCPU up too early and
the target VCPU will not detect any pending interrupts, therefore
going back to sleep. It will never be woken up again because the
hrtimer has finished. The VCPU is stuck.

As a quick fix, we have to forward the hrtimer until the guest
clock comparator is really due, to guarantee properly timed wake
ups.

As the hrtimer callback might be triggered on another cpu, we
have to make sure that the timer is really stopped and not currently
executing the callback on another cpu. This can happen if the vcpu
thread is scheduled onto another physical cpu, but the timer base
is not migrated. So lets use hrtimer_cancel instead of try_to_cancel.

A proper fix might be to introduce a RAW based hrtimer.
Reported-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

We sometimes get an underflow for the sleep duration, which most
likely won't result in the short sleep time we wanted.

So let's check for sleep duration underflows and directly continue
to run the guest if we get one.
Acked-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

sparse rightfully complains about
warning: symbol '__inject_extcall' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>

Instead of returning a possibly random or'ed together value, let's
always return -EFAULT if rc is set.
Signed-off-by: NJens Freimann <jfrei@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NCornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NChristian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>